CN100557380C - A kind of toothed wheel single flank engagement measuring apparatus and method - Google Patents
A kind of toothed wheel single flank engagement measuring apparatus and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN100557380C CN100557380C CNB2008100573807A CN200810057380A CN100557380C CN 100557380 C CN100557380 C CN 100557380C CN B2008100573807 A CNB2008100573807 A CN B2008100573807A CN 200810057380 A CN200810057380 A CN 200810057380A CN 100557380 C CN100557380 C CN 100557380C
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the gear measurement technical field, refer in particular to a kind of toothed wheel single flank engagement measuring apparatus and method.The present invention is installed in two horizontal parallel shafts respectively with master gear and tested gear and fastens, when measuring conical gear, one of them system need revolve on the common plane (being parallel to surface level) of diaxon system and turn 90 degrees, because axle ties up to rotation in the same surface level, so can not make upper shift of gravity center, guarantee the measuring accuracy of conical gear.And by Gaussian filter the tangential comprehensive deviation curve that records from measurement mechanism is handled, overcome traditional filtering phase shift and the complicated defective of design.Applied widely, measuring accuracy advantages of higher that the present invention has.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the gear measurement technical field, refer in particular to a kind of toothed wheel single flank engagement measuring apparatus and method.
Background technology
The measuring method that gear is commonly used has two kinds, co-ordinate-type analytical measurement method and engagement rolling formula integration measurement method at present.The individual error measuring technique adopts co-ordinate-type analytical measurement method, with gear as a geometry entity with complicated shape, on the measurement coordinate system of being set up (rectangular coordinate system, polar coordinate system or cylindrical-coordinate system), the geometric configuration deviation of gear teeth face is measured according to the design geometric parameter.The error project of measuring is the individual event geometrical deviation of gear, based on three basic deviations such as flank profil, teeth directional and tooth pitches.The composition error measuring technique adopts engagement rolling formula integration measurement method, promptly gear as the actuated element of a gyration and then be incorporated in the measuring system.The advantage of integration measurement method is that measuring speed is fast, is fit to the quality inspection eventually of bulk article, is convenient to the Gear Processing technological process is in time monitored.Integration measurement method comprises single face engagement mensuration and two-sided engagement mensuration.Single face engagement mensuration is meant when tested gear and desirable accurate master gear (measuring sensors such as available standards worm screw, basic rack replace) are done the single face engagement rotation of sideshake under reference center distance, measure the difference of the actual rotational angle and the theoretical corner of tested gear, obtain the tangential comprehensive total departure and the tangential comprehensive deviation equal error item of a tooth of gear.Two-sided engagement mensuration is meant by measuring the variation of two gears centre distance in engagement process, obtains the radially comprehensive deviation and the radially comprehensive deviation equal error item of monodentate of gear.Compare with two-sided engagement measuring method, single face engagement measuring method approaches the user mode of gear, and is not high to the measurement environment conditional request, can reflect the influence of geometric eccentricity, can reflect the influence of motion eccentric again, can reflect the influence of flank profil deviation, can reflect the influence of tooth pitch deviation again.Because the above-mentioned advantage of single face engagement mensuration is widely used in the gear measurement field for a long time always.
Master gear in traditional toothed wheel single flank engagement measuring apparatus and tested gear are installed in two vertical parallel shafts respectively and fasten, and can only be used to measure cylindrical gear, have certain limitation.If it is transformed, realize measuring the function of conical gear, then need the parallel relation of two axle systems is become vertical relation, be that one of them system will turn 90 degrees in common plane (perpendicular to the surface level) inward turning of diaxon system, this makes upper shift of gravity center of axle system, and then influences the measuring accuracy of conical gear.
Can obtain tangential comprehensive deviation curve based on the synchronous shift comparison principle and since noise sneak into interference with static, need extract useful signal in this deviation curve, improve its signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio), and then isolate every driving error parameter from this curve.Because noise signal mainly is distributed in high band, so the employing low-pass filter can be realized the extraction to original signal.The Qin in 1988 rears people and has just adopted the RC active filter that the driving error signal is extracted in " large-scale kinematic train dynamic test new method and device " mega project.Along with the development of signal processing technology, the advantage of digital filter on performance embodies gradually.At first environment is not too responsive to external world for digital filter, has higher reliability.Secondly, digital filter can be realized the function that analog filters such as accurate linear phase and many rate processing can't be realized.Three, digital filter realize more flexible, can be by its reprogramming being changed the characteristic of filtering, and can carry out the storage of signal simultaneously.Digital filter is divided into endless unit impulse response (IIR) wave filter and limit for length's unit impulse response (FIR) wave filter is arranged.The advantage of iir digital filter is to utilize the result of Design of Analog Filter, and the design of analog filter has a large amount of charts to look into, and is convenient and simple.But it has significant disadvantages, is exactly the non-linear of phase place.With respect to iir filter, Finite Impulse Response filter can be designed to the wave filter of linear phase, its delay input signal, but also non-warping its phase place.Gaussian filter is a kind of typical Finite Impulse Response filter, and it has overcome traditional filtering phase shift and the complicated defective of design, as a kind of zero phase-shift filtering method of time frequency window area minimum, has obtained extensively effectively using in the signal Processing field.
Make a general survey of existing toothed wheel single flank engagement measuring apparatus, all do not use the gaussian filtering method that signal is nursed one's health, and supporting with it measuring system is all comparatively backward, can not satisfy quick, accurately measurement, the modernized request for utilization of display result directly perceived, these all become gear measurement field problem anxious to be solved.
Summary of the invention
The present invention seeks to develop a toothed wheel single flank engagement measuring apparatus, not only can be used to measure the cylindrical gear error but also can be used to measure the conical gear error.Measure in the circulation at one, obtain tangential comprehensive deviation curve based on synchronous shift than facies principle, obtain tangential comprehensive total departure, the tangential comprehensive deviation of a tooth, tooth pitch accumulation total departure, single tooth pitch deviation, x axle geometrical deviation, y axle geometrical deviation equal error item after this curve carried out special conditioning and separate, have certain realistic meaning.
To achieve these goals, the present invention has taked following technical scheme.A kind of toothed wheel single flank engagement measuring apparatus, include pedestal 5 and be fixed in the pedestal 5 upper surface grooves, and the one-dimensional platform 6 that can slide along groove.Also include web joint 7, main drive shaft and be 1, driven axle is 2, servounit system and detection system; Wherein, web joint 7 is fixedlyed connected with one-dimensional platform 6, and one-dimensional platform 6 can drive web joint 7 along the groove moving linearly; Main drive shaft is that 1 base is fixedlyed connected with web joint 7, and main drive shaft is that 1 main shaft 8 is connected with the servounit system, is that 1 main shaft 8 and driven axle are to be connected with circular raster sensor 14 respectively on 2 the main shaft 20 at main drive shaft; Driven axle be 2 by the height platform 3 fixedly connected with the upper surface of pedestal 5; A side in one-dimensional platform 6 is equipped with long grating sensor 4, and the scale of long grating sensor 4 is fixed in pedestal 5, and moving chi is fixedly linked in the side of web joint 7; The A of described web joint 7 upper edge web joints 7, B direction are respectively arranged with two groups and are used for fixing the threaded hole that main drive shaft is a base 11, when main drive shaft be 1 along A when fixedlying connected with web joint 7, main drive shaft be 1 and driven axle be 2 to be arranged in parallel, when main drive shaft system along B when fixedlying connected with web joint 7, main drive shaft is 1 to be 2 to be arranged vertically with driven axle.
Described web joint 7 is provided with U type groove 17, and screw 18 passes U type groove 17, and to make main drive shaft be base 11 and pedestal 5 lockings.
Be to open circular groove on 2 the main shaft 20 at driven axle, part rope 19 is placed in the groove that rope one end and screw 18 are fixedly connected in pedestal 5, the other end links to each other with counterweight 21 and axially loads.
Described pedestal 5 is a granite base.
A kind of gear single face engagement measuring method, this method realizes as follows:
1) signals collecting
Computing machine by data collecting card gather main drive shaft be 1 and driven axle be circular raster sensor signal on 2, than facies principle it is handled obtaining tangential comprehensive deviation curve based on synchronous shift; Sampling number is (Z+2) N
zIndividual, wherein: Z is the number of teeth of tested gear, N
zSampling number for single tooth;
2) signal condition
I) gaussian filtering
By Gaussian filter tangential comprehensive deviation curve is carried out filtering; The formula of described Gaussian filter is:
Wherein:
Δ x is the spacing of two neighbouring sample points, and k is a k sampled point, λ
cBe the cutoff wavelength of wave filter, value is:
Wherein Z is the number of teeth of tested gear;
Ii) data cutout
From the tangential comprehensively deviation curve of Z tooth of the curve of filtered Z+2 tooth intercepting, give up the distortion data at two ends;
3) index is calculated
Calculate tooth pitch accumulation total departure Fp, single tooth pitch deviation fpt, tangential comprehensive total departure Fi ', the tangential comprehensive deviation fi ' of a tooth and gear x axle, the axial geometric eccentricity amount of y by tangential comprehensive deviation curve;
4) data output
The deviation result who calculates in the step 3) is shown on display screen.
Use the step of the measurement device cylindrical gear among the present invention as follows:
1) tested gear and master gear are installed on respectively driven axle be 2 and main drive shaft be on 1, and tighten up with gland nut.
2) make driven axle be 2 and main drive shaft be 1 to be in parallel position, according to gear parameter basis of calculation central moment, regulate the centre distance between diaxon system.
3) after adjusting finishes, be the locking of 1 position with main drive shaft with locking device.
4) be that charger is installed on 2 at driven axle.
5) the unlatching main drive shaft is the stepper motor 16 on 1, makes two gears carry out the single face gear motion.
6) gear error is evaluated.
Use this measurement device conical gear: the cylindrical gear mode is basic identical with measuring, and only needs change step 2), two rotary axis systems are in vertical position.
The superiority that the present invention has:
1) applied widely, adopt the present invention can measure the various gears that comprise cylindrical gear, conical gear.
2) measuring accuracy height, the present invention adopts high-precision dense ball bearing shafting as rotary axis system, the high-precision circular raster sensor of coaxial installation, by high-precision frequency multiplier count pulse is input in the high precision synchronous numbered card, utilize the gaussian filtering technology that signal is effectively nursed one's health and adopt special method to overcome the defective of gaussian filtering method, and then improved the measuring accuracy of this device.
3) the metrical information amount is big, the present invention can demonstrate tangential comprehensive deviation curve, tooth pitch Accumulated deviation curve, single tooth pitch deviation curve, tangential comprehensive deviation circle diagram, amplitude frequency curve, phase frequency curve in the one-shot measurement process, detect tangential comprehensive total departure Fi ', the tangential comprehensive deviation fi ' of a tooth, tooth pitch accumulation total departure Fp, single tooth pitch deviation fpt, x axle geometric eccentricity and y axle geometric eccentricity, wherein the analysis of Production Technology that is defined as gear of offset provides reliable information.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 (a) is cylindrical gear engagement instrumentation plan
Fig. 1 (b) is conical gear engagement instrumentation plan
Fig. 2 mechanical hook-up figure
Fig. 3 main drive shaft based part figure
Fig. 4 web joint component diagram
Fig. 5 locking device figure
Fig. 6 charger figure
Fig. 7 (a) is the software overview flow chart
Fig. 7 (b) is the signal condition process flow diagram
Fig. 8 (a) integrated circuit board initialization flow process
Fig. 8 (b) frequency division counter module flow process
Fig. 9 is than phase computing module process flow diagram
Figure 10 filtering and intercepting process flow diagram
Among the figure: 1, main drive shaft system, 2, driven axle system, 3, the height platform, 4, long grating, 5, pedestal, 6, one-dimensional platform, 7, web joint, 8, main shaft, 9, ball, 10, axle sleeve, 11, main drive shaft is base, 12, circle grating fixed mount, 13, motor fixing frame, 14, circular raster sensor, 15, shaft coupling, 16, main drive shaft is a stepper motor, 17, U type groove, 18, screw, 19, rope, 20, driven axle owner axle, 21, counterweight.
Embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:
1. mechanical hook-up
In order to make instrument have the function of measuring cylindrical gear and conical gear, the present invention is installed in two horizontal parallel shafts respectively with master gear and tested gear and fastens, synoptic diagram is shown in Fig. 1 (a), when measuring conical gear, one of them system need revolve on the common plane (being parallel to surface level) of diaxon system and turn 90 degrees, and synoptic diagram is shown in accompanying drawing 1 (b), because axle ties up to rotation in the same surface level, so can not make upper shift of gravity center, guarantee the measuring accuracy of conical gear.
Mechanical hook-up of the present invention is made up of supporting member, servounit system, axis system and detection system.Supporting member comprises pedestal, and it not only plays a part to connect and support machine, light, the electric each several part part and assembly of instrument, and can guarantee the operating accuracy of instrument.As shown in Figure 2, one-dimensional platform 6 is installed on pedestal 5, and driven axle is 2 to connect firmly by height platform 3 and pedestal 5.The servounit system is made up of servo drive and mechanical driving device, drive unit is used for drive mechanism motion, this device has two cover mechanical servos, and a cover is used to drive the slide block of one-dimensional platform 6 and does rectilinear motion, and another set of to be used to drive main drive shaft be 1 to do gyration.In the first cover mechanical servo, stepper motor links by motor link and shaft coupling and one-dimensional platform 6, and main drive shaft system connects firmly by the slide block of web joint 7 and one-dimensional platform 6.In order to detect the position of one-dimensional platform, in platform one side long grating sensor 4 is installed, the sensor scale is fixed in pedestal, moving chi is fixed on the web joint side.In the second cover mechanical servo, as shown in Figure 3, main drive shaft is that stepper motor 16 links with main drive shaft owner axle 8 ends by motor fixing frame 13 and shaft coupling 15.Main drive shaft be 1 and driven axle be 2 to have formed the axis system of device jointly.Detection system is a circular raster sensor 14, and the sensor outside is connected firmly with grating fixed mount 12, and internal bearings is pressed with axle owner axle 8 and cooperated connection.
As shown in Figure 7, when measuring cylindrical gear, main drive shaft system is installed along the direction A of web joint, making diaxon is the keeping parallelism state, at first controls one-dimensional platform 6 motions, regulates the centre distance between diaxon system, and with long grating 4 and the real-time display centre of digital display device thereof apart from value, driving gear is contacted, by locking device, as shown in Figure 5 with driven gear single face under fixing centre distance, main drive shaft system is connected firmly with pedestal 5, by charger, as shown in Figure 6, be to add suitable load on 2 at driven axle.Next controls main drive shaft is stepper motor 16, makes two gears carry out the single face engagement under fixing centre distance.When measuring conical gear, the manual teardown main drive shaft be 1 with the gib screw of web joint 7, making axle is 1 to be rotated counterclockwise 90 degree along the plane, place, installs along the direction B of web joint 7, make main drive shaft system and driven axle system keep plumbness, all the other measuring processes are identical with cylindrical gear.
Precision optical machinery has various pedestals and supporting member, play a part connection and support various zero, parts mutual alignments, the pedestal of toothed wheel single flank engagement measuring apparatus is except connecting and supporting the parts, also will be as the installed surface of guide rail and two rotary axis systems, so to the accuracy requirement of table top very high (00 grade).After the design feature and technical requirement of comprehensive comparative material, this device adopts " Mount Taishan green grass or young crops " grouan, and grouan has advantages of excellent stability, wearing quality, absorbing, and temperature stability is good, and is non-conductive, do not magnetize, anticorrosive, and maintaining is convenient.Supporting member adopts angle steel (70mm) to be welded, and when connecting with granite base, for the distortion that makes pedestal reaches minimum, the position symmetry of supporting-point is installed on the Bezier point, i.e. fulcrum 5/9 pedestal length apart is to the minimum that influences of precision.
In gear single face engagement measuring process, the centre distance of controlling tested gear and master gear is to realize the key of single face engagement measuring principle, this device adopts step motor drive one-dimensional platform 6 to realize this control procedure, and one-dimensional platform comprises ball screw assembly, and spring bearing, cylinder line slideway and bracing frame thereof.Ball screw assembly, is made up of parts such as leading screw, slide block, balls.This device is 1 to be installed on the slide block by web joint 7 with main drive shaft, and driving main drive shaft by the step motor drive leading screw is 1 to do rectilinear motion.To adopt the cylinder line slideway to bear axle be load and guarantee that axle is a kinematic accuracy, finally guarantees accurately to regulate centre distance.
Geared rotor system belongs to the high level of accuracy rotary axis system, is the critical component that this device guarantees measuring accuracy, and rotary axis system carries out work under low speed, light condition, for guaranteeing high-acruracy survey, require rotary axis system: have very high radially rotating accuracy; Guarantee certain rigidity and thermal stability; Easy to use, cost is low, and the life-span is long.The rotary axis system of toothed wheel single flank engagement measuring apparatus adopts sealed bead bearing axle system, as shown in Figure 3.Mainly by main shaft 8, axle sleeve 10 and intensively form in the ball with interference fit 9 between the two.
In the adjustment process of tested gear and standard distance between centers, be not subjected to the influence of gear motion vibration to keep constant for guaranteeing centre distance, single flank engagement measuring apparatus has designed locking device.Initiatively shafting foundation 11 is by the U type groove 17 and pedestal 5 lockings of screw 18 through web joint 7, and locking device as shown in Figure 5.
In the process of tested gear and master gear engagement, for guaranteeing the motion under master gear drives fully of tested gear, single flank engagement measuring apparatus has designed axial charger.Be to open circular groove on 2 the main shaft 20 at driven axle, part rope 19 is placed in the groove that rope one end and screw 18 are fixedly connected in pedestal 5, the other end links to each other with counterweight 21 and axially loads, and charger as shown in Figure 6.
2. electric machine control system
The control system of this device comprises the adjusting of centre distance between diaxon system and rotation two parts of full-height tooth wheel shaft, adopts stepper motor and driver module thereof that above-mentioned controlled device is carried out rotating control and speed regulating control.The positive and reverse rotation control circuit of being made up of contactor and relay sends the rotating instruction to the step motor drive module, increases corresponding logical circuit and realize the commentaries on classics of motor is stopped control on the basis of above-mentioned control circuit.The square wave generation circuit of being made up of 555 integrated chips and Resistor-Capacitor Unit is to the adjustable pulse signal of driver module transmission frequency, thereby realizes function of stepless speed regulation.
Control system guarantee two gears dead center apart under mesh, with the Changchun ray machine long grating of SGC 4 types and the digital display device operating center distance that shows two geared rotor systems thereof.
Data acquisition system (DAS) and the evaluation software
Gear single face engagement data collector is made up of circular raster sensor, frequency multiplier, card extender and data collecting card, adopts the LabWindows/CVI based on the Design of Virtual Instrument mode to realize four big functions such as data are obtained, signal condition, index calculating, data output.The overview flow chart of software is shown in Fig. 7 (a).
1) data are obtained
When tested gear and master gear are done single face engagement stably and are rotated under reference center distance, respectively at the terminal coaxial installation HEIDENHAIN circular raster sensor of diaxon system, output orthogonal A, B two-phase square-wave signal and one road zero pulse signal R, utilize high-precision frequency multiplier to signal nurse one's health, segmentation, sensing, two-way grating subdivision sensing signal is sent to respectively behind card extender carries out data processing in the PCI1784 data collecting card.By computer programming realize integrated circuit board initialization, frequency division counter, than three functions such as calculating mutually.Integrated circuit board initialization module process flow diagram is shown in Fig. 8 (a), and frequency division counter module process flow diagram is shown in Fig. 8 (b), than phase computing module process flow diagram as shown in Figure 9.
2) signal condition
Through after data acquisition module obtains tangential deviation curve and since noise sneak into interference with static, need extract useful signal in this curve, improve its signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio), and then isolate every straggling parameter from this curve.This device adopts Gaussian filter that signal is nursed one's health, and it has overcome traditional filtering phase shift and the complicated defective of design, is a kind of zero phase-shift filtering method of time frequency window area minimum.When continuous when mobile on the profile of weighting function window in raw data of Gaussian filter, at boundary, the weighting function window of wave filter is half when the centre position only, this has just caused Gaussian filter different when locating in the centre to the processing of data when boundary, thereby has caused the distortion of boundary.This device utilizes tangential deviation curve to have periodic characteristic, and data are effectively intercepted, and has overcome the boundary effect of Gaussian filter, has obtained good effect.The signal condition process flow diagram is shown in Fig. 7 (b).
1. gaussian filtering module
The weighting function of wave filter has the shape of Gaussian density function, so be called Gaussian filter, its formula is as follows:
Wherein
X---the position at signal distance weighting function center,
λ
c---the cutoff wavelength of wave filter,
In fact filtering is exactly filter weight function window continuous result of moving average on the profile of raw data, by the character of convolution as can be known, and the profile that also can be expressed as raw data continuous result of moving average on filter weight function window.In digital signal processing, filtered signal w (x) equals the result of raw data y (x) and Gauss's weight function s (x) convolution, shown in (2) formula:
Raw data y (x) is N equidistant discrete point, i.e. x normally
k=k Δ x, (k=0...n-1), its discrete convolution is:
W in following formula
i=w (i Δ x), y
I-k=y[(i-k) Δ x],
Wherein
Δ x---the spacing of two neighbouring sample points,
Wherein N is the monocycle sampling number,
K---k sampled point,
λ
c---the cutoff wavelength of wave filter,
Below determine the cutoff wavelength λ described in the Gaussian filter mathematical model
cSize.
The gear revolution moves a week, and will produce corresponding corner is the tangential comprehensive deviation curve of 360 ° of 0 ° of.In the tangential comprehensive deviation curve of gear, comprised owing to the eccentric first harmonic deviation that forms, because the number of teeth frequency harmonic wave that cutter manufacturing and alignment error form, and the higher hamonic wave that causes by noise, the designing filter key is to determine the cutoff wavelength λ of wave filter
c
Known, the first harmonic wavelength is λ
1=2 π, number of teeth harmonic wave frequently is
Wherein Z is the number of teeth of tested gear.Get the cutoff wavelength λ of wave filter
c=q λ
z(q＜1), wherein q is the cutoff wavelength coefficient, λ
zBe number of teeth frequency harmonic wave.Work as can be known by experiment
Or
The time, high-frequency signal does not have complete filtering, can cause the measured deviation value bigger than normal, when
Or
The time, the distortion of low frequency signal is excessive, can cause the measured deviation value less than normal.So select
Promptly obtain
Wherein Z is the number of teeth of tested gear.
2. data cutout module
In above-mentioned gaussian filtering process, can produce boundary effect at the signal two ends, so adopt the data cutout module to avoid this influence.Because the tangential deviation curve of gear is cyclophysis, all can obtain tangential deviation curve so begin to intercept the curve of monocycle correspondence from the arbitrfary point.If measurement range is greater than the monocycle, so tangential deviation curve is given up two ends distortion data, the just distortion that can avoid boundary effect to cause after handling through Gaussian filter.
The distortion that boundary effect produces is counted and is related to the selection of measurement range, i.e. distortion is counted many more, and measurement range needs big more, correctly intercepts out the data of non-distortion, just can avoid boundary effect.
Because filtering is equivalent to the result that the weighting function window of wave filter constantly moves on the profile of raw data, at boundary, wave filter weight function window is half when the centre position only, so the distortion points N that boundary effect produces
LCutoff frequency λ with wave filter
cRelevant, λ
cBig more, the distortion points N
LMany more.By
It is big more to draw tested gear number of teeth z, λ
cMore little, the distortion points N
LFew more.
Sampling number N is constant when keeping, and when changing number of teeth z, distortion is counted and the relation that reaches the number of teeth sees Table 1.
When table 1 sampling number is constant, the distortion relation with the number of teeth of counting
| Sampling number N | Number of teeth z | The distortion points N L |
| 3600 | 18 | 75 |
| 3600 | 36 | 38 |
When changing sampling number N, when keeping number of teeth z constant, distortion is counted and the relation that reaches sampling number sees Table 2.It is more little to draw sampling number N, the distortion points N
LFew more.
When table 2 number of teeth is constant, the distortion relation with sampling number of counting
| Sampling number N | Number of teeth z | The distortion points N L |
| 3600 | 18 | 75 |
| 1800 | 18 | 38 |
| 1350 | 18 | 29 |
| 900 | 18 | 19 |
By table 1, table 2 as can be known, number of teeth z is big more, and N is more little for sampling number, the distortion points N
LFew more.
Order
Can draw: N
zMore little, the distortion points N
LFew more.N
zBe the sampling number of single tooth.Draw N by experiment
zCorresponding distortion points N
L, see Table 3.
The sampling number N of the single tooth of table 3
zWith the distortion points N
LBetween relation
| The sampling number N of single tooth z | 200 | 100 | 50 | 25 |
| The distortion points N L | 75 | 38 | 19 | 10 |
| N L/N z | 0.375 | 0.38 | 0.38 | 0.4 |
As shown in Table 3, distortion points N
L≈ 0.4N
zSo, measurement range N when measuring
mAs long as get Z+2 the pairing sampling number of tooth, after Gaussian filter filtering, the distortionless sampled point of intercepting center section just can obtain the tangential comprehensive deviation curve of complete cycle.Above-mentioned filtering, intercepting flow process are as shown in figure 10.
3) index is calculated
In order to implement up-to-date gear measurement standard, this device will be that benchmark carries out the measuring error data processing with the GB GB10095.1-2001 and the inspection specification thereof of the international iso standard of up-to-date adopting by equation.Native system is measured the processing error project to be had: tooth pitch accumulation total departure Fp, single tooth pitch deviation fpt, tangential comprehensive total departure Fi ', the tangential comprehensively deviation fi ' of a tooth, in addition, this device also calculates gear x axle, the axial geometric eccentricity amount of y respectively, for the analysis of Production Technology of gear provides reliable information.4) data output
Comprise the design of measurement result data and graph of errors display design and measurement report and preserve output two parts.
Claims (5)
1, a kind of toothed wheel single flank engagement measuring apparatus, include pedestal (5) and be fixed in pedestal (5) the upper surface groove, and the one-dimensional platform (6) that can slide along groove; It is characterized in that: also include web joint (7), main drive shaft system (1), driven axle system (2), servounit system and detection system; Wherein, web joint (7) is fixedlyed connected with one-dimensional platform (6); The base of main drive shaft system (1) is fixedlyed connected with web joint (7), the main shaft (8) of main drive shaft system (1) is connected with the servounit system, is to be connected with circular raster sensor (14) respectively on the main shaft (8) of (1) and the main shaft (20) that driven axle is (2) at main drive shaft; Driven axle system (2) fixedlys connected with the upper surface of pedestal (5) by height platform (3); A side in one-dimensional platform (6) is equipped with long grating sensor (4), and the scale of long grating sensor (4) is fixed in pedestal (5), and moving chi is fixedly linked in the side of web joint (7); The A of described web joint (7) upper edge web joint (7), B direction are respectively arranged with two groups and are used for fixing the threaded hole that main drive shaft is base (11), when main drive shaft system (1) along A to web joint (7) when fixedlying connected, main drive shaft system (1) and driven axle system (2) are arranged in parallel, when main drive shaft system along B to web joint (7) when fixedlying connected, main drive shaft system (1) and driven axle system (2) are arranged vertically.
2, a kind of toothed wheel single flank engagement measuring apparatus according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described web joint (7) is provided with U type groove (17), and screw (18) passes U type groove (17), and to make main drive shaft be base (11) and pedestal (5) locking.
3, a kind of toothed wheel single flank engagement measuring apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: on the main shaft (20) of driven axle system (2), open circular groove, part rope (19) is placed in the groove, rope one end and screw (18) are fixedly connected in pedestal (5), and the other end links to each other with counterweight (21) and axially loads.
4, a kind of toothed wheel single flank engagement measuring apparatus according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described pedestal (5) is a granite base.
5, the method for using the described a kind of toothed wheel single flank engagement measuring apparatus of claim 1 that gear is measured is characterized in that this method realizes as follows:
1) signals collecting
It is that (1) and driven axle are the circular raster sensor signal on (2) that computing machine is gathered main drive shaft by data collecting card, than facies principle it is handled obtaining tangential comprehensive deviation curve based on synchronous shift; Sampling number is (Z+2) N
zIndividual, wherein: Z is the number of teeth of tested gear, N
zSampling number for single tooth;
2) signal condition
I) gaussian filtering
By Gaussian filter tangential comprehensive deviation curve is carried out filtering; Described Gaussian filter function is:
Wherein:
Δ x is the spacing of two neighbouring sample points, and k is a k sampled point, λ
cBe the cutoff wavelength of wave filter, value is:
Wherein Z is the number of teeth of tested gear;
Ii) data cutout
From the tangential comprehensively deviation curve of Z tooth of the curve of filtered Z+2 tooth intercepting, give up the distortion data at two ends;
3) index is calculated
Calculate tooth pitch accumulation total departure Fp, single tooth pitch deviation fpt, tangential comprehensive total departure Fi ', the tangential comprehensive deviation fi ' of a tooth and gear x axle, the axial geometric eccentricity amount of y by tangential comprehensive deviation curve;
4) data output
The deviation result who calculates in the step 3 is shown on display screen.
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| CN101476980B (en) * | 2009-01-16 | 2010-12-01 | 北京工业大学 | Single-side engagement rolling point scanning measurement method and apparatus for non-circular gear error |
| CN101813449A (en) * | 2010-04-05 | 2010-08-25 | 浙江新杰克缝纫机股份有限公司 | Bevel gear testing tool |
| CN102980519B (en) * | 2012-11-27 | 2015-04-01 | 安徽工业大学 | Radial composite error detecting device of gear ring in large pivoting support |
| CN105388010B (en) * | 2015-10-21 | 2018-03-09 | 北京工业大学 | A kind of locating distance method of adjustment of bevel gear measurement |
| CN105651511A (en) * | 2016-01-06 | 2016-06-08 | 北京工业大学 | Experimental apparatus for dynamic performances of cylindrical gear |
| CN105806616A (en) * | 2016-04-03 | 2016-07-27 | 北京工业大学 | Automatic tooth alignment method for bevel gear inspection machine |
| CN106017399A (en) * | 2016-08-08 | 2016-10-12 | 苏州天准科技股份有限公司 | High-precision measurement mechanism for mated gear eccentric detection |
| CN107063679B (en) * | 2017-01-18 | 2020-01-10 | 北京工业大学 | Method and device for quickly detecting gear defects by structure tuned resonance |
| CN109238693B (en) * | 2018-10-16 | 2020-06-09 | 东莞理工学院 | Gear rotation balance degree detection device for machine manufacturing system |
| CN112129219B (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2022-06-28 | 芜湖东光大华机械制造有限公司 | Operation method for detecting gear ring detection tool installed on flywheel |
| CN109991438B (en) * | 2019-03-26 | 2021-12-07 | 武汉理工大学 | Method and device for eliminating angular speed measurement error of automobile gear ring |
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