CN100546554C - 流体压力感应腔 - Google Patents

流体压力感应腔 Download PDF

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CN100546554C
CN100546554C CNB2006101428464A CN200610142846A CN100546554C CN 100546554 C CN100546554 C CN 100546554C CN B2006101428464 A CNB2006101428464 A CN B2006101428464A CN 200610142846 A CN200610142846 A CN 200610142846A CN 100546554 C CN100546554 C CN 100546554C
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M·D·摩根
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Abstract

一种压力感应腔，其具有延伸穿过所述腔的管延伸部。该管包括多个孔口从而允许从所述腔中排空空气，但是所述孔口的大小被设置成使得进入管的气泡不能容易地流入所述腔。

Description

流体压力感应腔
技术领域
本发明通常涉及流体压力感应腔，并且更特别地涉及用于眼科手术设备中的流体压力感应腔。
背景技术
当由于年龄或疾病导致晶状体不那么透明时，由于能够传送到视网膜的光减少而使视力变差。眼睛晶状体中的这种缺陷在医学上称作白内障。对于这种情况来说可接受的治疗是手术移除晶状体并利用人工眼内晶体(IOL)代替晶状体的功能。
在美国，大多数内障性晶状体通过称作晶状体超声乳化吸除术的手术方法去除。在该过程中，将薄的超声乳化吸除割尖插入到患病的晶状体中并超声振动。所述振动的割尖使晶状体液化或乳化，这样该晶状体可以从眼睛中吸出。该患病的晶状体一旦切除就会被人工晶体所取代。
一种典型的适于眼科手术过程的超声波手术装置由超声驱动的机头、附装的割尖和冲冼套筒、以及电子控制台构成。所述机头组件通过电缆和软管连接到控制台上。通过电缆，控制台改变由机头传送给附装割尖的功率大小，并且软管通过机头组件向眼睛供应冲洗流体并从其中抽吸流体。
所述机头的执行部分是直接连接到一组压电晶体上的中心定位的空心谐振棒或喇叭形件(horn)。所述晶体在超声乳化吸除期间提供驱动喇叭形件和附装割尖所需的超声波振动并由控制台控制。晶体/喇叭形件组件通过挠性支架悬挂于机头的中空主体或壳体内。机头主体终止于主体远端处的缩径部分或鼻锥。所述鼻锥带有外螺纹以接收冲洗套筒。同样地，喇叭形件的孔在其远端具有内螺纹以接收割尖的外螺纹。所述冲洗套筒还具有旋到鼻锥外螺纹上的内螺纹孔。所述割尖被调整成使得其尖端仅以预定量伸出冲洗套筒的开口端。
在使用中，割尖和冲洗套筒的端部插入到角膜、巩膜或其它位置中的预定宽度的小切口中。所述割尖通过晶体驱动的超声喇叭形件的作用而在冲洗套筒内部沿其纵轴超声振动，从而使原位置处的选定组织乳化。所述割尖的中空孔与喇叭形件中的孔连通，所述喇叭形件中的孔又与从机头到控制台的抽吸管连通。控制台中下降的压力源或真空源，通常为蠕动泵，通过割尖的开口端、割尖、喇叭形件的孔和抽吸管将乳化组织从眼睛里抽出或吸出并送入收集装置。乳化组织的抽吸辅助以含盐冲洗液或冲洗剂，所述冲洗液或冲洗剂通过冲洗套筒内表面和割尖之间的小环形间隙注入手术位置。
现有技术中的装置使用了传感器，其检测冲洗压力或抽吸真空度。根据来自这些传感器的信息，手术控制台可被编程以便使手术过程更加高效、安全。为了降低被吸出流体造成的污染风险，新近的手术系统使用封闭的压力传感器，其中流体不与检测流体压力用的测压元件或其它装置相接触。美国专利No.5,392,653(Zanger等人)中说明了一种这样的压力传感器，但是这种封闭的压力传感器的总体性能很大程度上取决于将所有空气从该系统中排空。空气比手术中使用的冲洗液更易压缩，并且气袋或气泡给系统增加了顺应性。顺应性导致不希望的气压变化和波动。从密闭液体系统中清除空气(或向该系统″注液″)的常见方法包括避免系统内的陡边和急剧形变，以及从该系统的底部或下部位置使其充注液体。这使得在液体从下面充注系统时，空气从该系统顶部逸出。本发明的发明人已经发现，对建立于封闭的手术流体系统中的压力传感器腔进行初始注液相对容易，但是如果气泡进入所述腔的话(例如，如果手术机头在手术过程中更换)，这些气泡极难从系统中去除。这一困难是气泡表面张力的结果(与通常包含于该系统初始注液中的非密封空气相反)，导致气泡相对牢固，并且一旦导入就不易破裂并从所述压力感应腔中抽出。另外，气泡周围的液体″薄膜″是有粘性的，导致气泡粘在或附着于系统内部的表面上，即使具有极高流速也难以进一步运动。一篇参考文献，即美国专利No.6,059,765(Cole等人)已经提出，特定的腔形状和出口位置有助于从手术系统中去除空气。发明人已经发现在该参考文献中提及的腔形状和设计不足以确保将气泡从系统中去除。
因此，仍然需要一种压力感应腔，其防止空气进入该腔并淤积其中。
发明内容
本发明对现有技术中的蠕动泵进行了改进，其提供了一种压力感应腔，所述腔具有延伸穿过其中的管延伸部。该管包括多个孔口从而允许从所述腔中排空空气，但是所述孔口大小被设置成使得进入管的气泡不能容易地流入所述腔。优选地，所述孔的面积为大约0.0002-0.02平方英寸。
本发明的一个目的是提供一种具有易于注液的压力感应腔的盒子。
本发明的另一个目的是提供一种压力感应腔，其不允许气泡淤积在所述腔中。
本发明的另外一个目的是提供一种压力感应腔，其具有延伸穿过所述腔的管。
本发明的这些及其它优点和目的将通过随后的详细说明、附图及权利要求变得显而易见。
附图说明
图1是与本发明一起使用的手术系统的透视图。
图2是与本发明一起使用的手术盒的透视图。
图3是本发明的压力感应腔的第一实施例的放大透视图。
具体实施方式
如图1中最佳显示那样，市售的手术系统通常包括手术控制台110，其具有附装的可调节梅奥(mayo)托盘10和通过抽吸管22、冲洗管24和电力电缆26连接到控制台110上的机头20。至机头20的电力以及冲洗和抽吸流体的流量由控制台110控制，所述控制台包括适当的硬件和软件，例如电源、泵、压力传感器、阀，所有这些都是本领域公知的。如图2中最佳显示的那样，可以与本发明一起使用的盒200容纳抽吸管22和冲洗管24，并且安装在控制台110的盒容纳部分25中。盒200包括压力感应腔210，其可以由形成在盒200的主体220中的中空空间230构成并且由压力感应隔膜215包围。盒200可以是任意一种市售的手术盒，例如Alcon Laboratories，Inc.，FortWorth，Texas出售的
Figure C20061014284600081
流体管理系统。主体220通常由适当的热塑性塑料模制而成。
如图3中最佳显示的那样，腔210包括延伸穿过空间230的管延伸部240，将该空间230基本上二等分成两个相同的半球，但是也可以使用其他形状的腔210和空间230。管延伸部可以整体模制在主体220中，或者可以与抽吸管22一体形成。无论在哪种情况下，管延伸部240均与抽吸管22流体连通从而通过抽吸管22将流体吸入蠕动泵250，如图3中流动箭头所示。一个或多个孔260穿透管延伸部240，所述孔使抽吸管22、空间230和隔膜215之间流体连通。这种流体连通允许与空间230连通的抽吸管22内的压力变化，导致隔膜215变形，其由安装于控制台110的盒容纳部分25中的测压元件(未显示)所检测。孔260还允许空间230在盒200的初始注液期间排空空气。更为重要的，孔260的大小和形状被设置成使得进入抽吸管22的任何气泡都不能容易地流过孔260并进入空间230。孔260的位置和大小提高了管延伸部240中的良好的气泡保持性，但是在空间230的初始液体灌注期间仍然允许流体通过较低的孔260。
出于说明和解释的目的做出了这些描述。对本领域的技术人员来说显而易见的是，在不脱离本发明范围或精神的情况下，可以对此处所描述的本发明进行改进。

Claims (22)

1.一种盒，包括：
a)主体；
b)形成在所述主体内的压力感应腔；和
c)延伸穿过所述压力感应腔的管延伸部，所述管延伸部具有至少一个与所述压力感应腔流体连通的孔。
2.如权利要求1所述的盒，其特征在于，所述压力感应腔包括形成在所述主体中并由压力感应隔膜包围的中空空间。
3.如权利要求1所述的盒，其特征在于，所述盒进一步包括蠕动泵，所述管延伸部与该蠕动泵流体连通。
4.如权利要求1所述的盒，其特征在于，所述孔的面积为0.0002-0.02平方英寸之间。
5.如权利要求1所述的盒，其特征在于，所述管延伸部整体形成在所述主体中。
6.如权利要求1所述的盒，进一步包括连接至所述盒的抽吸管，并且所述管延伸部形成为所述抽吸管的一部分。
7.如权利要求3所述的盒，进一步包括连接至所述盒并与所述蠕动泵流体连通的抽吸管，并且所述管延伸部形成为所述抽吸管的一部分。
8.如权利要求1所述的盒，其特征在于，所述孔的大小和形状被设置成使得进入所述管延伸部的气泡不能容易地进入所述压力感应腔。
9.如权利要求1所述的盒，其中：
所述压力感应腔形成为所述主体中被压力感应隔膜包围的中空空间；以及所述管延伸部整体形成在所述主体内并具有多个与所述压力感应腔流体连通的孔。
10.如权利要求9所述的盒，其特征在于，所述盒进一步包括蠕动泵，所述管延伸部与该蠕动泵流体连通。
11.如权利要求9所述的盒，其特征在于，所述孔的面积为0.0002-0.02平方英寸。
12.如权利要求9所述的盒，进一步包括连接至所述盒的抽吸管。
13.如权利要求10所述的盒，进一步包括连接至所述盒并与所述蠕动泵流体连通的抽吸管。
14.如权利要求9所述的盒，其特征在于，所述孔的大小和形状被设置成使得进入所述管延伸部的气泡不能容易地进入所述压力感应腔。
15.一种手术系统，包括：
a)具有盒容纳部分的手术控制台；
b)手术盒，其由所述控制台接收在所述盒容纳部分中，所述盒具有
i)主体；
ii)形成在所述主体内的压力感应腔；和
iii)延伸穿过所述压力感应腔的管延伸部，所述管延伸部具有多个与所述压力感应腔流体连通的孔。
16.如权利要求15所述的手术系统，其特征在于，所述压力感应腔包括形成在所述主体中并由压力感应隔膜包围的中空空间。
17.如权利要求15所述的手术系统，其特征在于，所述盒进一步包括蠕动泵，所述管延伸部与该蠕动泵流体连通。
18.如权利要求15所述的手术系统，其特征在于，所述孔的面积为0.0002-0.02平方英寸。
19.如权利要求15所述的手术系统，其特征在于，所述管延伸部整体形成在所述主体中。
20.如权利要求15所述的手术系统，进一步包括连接至所述盒的抽吸管，并且所述管延伸部形成为所述抽吸管的一部分。
21.如权利要求17所述的手术系统，进一步包括连接至所述盒并与所述蠕动泵流体连通的抽吸管，并且所述管延伸部形成为所述抽吸管的一部分。
22.如权利要求15所述的手术系统，其特征在于，所述孔的大小和形状被设置成使得进入所述管延伸部的气泡不能容易地进入所述压力感应腔。
CNB2006101428464A 2005-10-27 2006-10-27 流体压力感应腔 Active CN100546554C (zh)

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