CN100540686C - 一种炼钢工艺 - Google Patents
一种炼钢工艺 Download PDFInfo
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- CN100540686C CN100540686C CNB2007101585760A CN200710158576A CN100540686C CN 100540686 C CN100540686 C CN 100540686C CN B2007101585760 A CNB2007101585760 A CN B2007101585760A CN 200710158576 A CN200710158576 A CN 200710158576A CN 100540686 C CN100540686 C CN 100540686C
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 36
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- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;oxido(oxo)alumane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Al]=O.[O-][Al]=O XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
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- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
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- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009850 CAS-OB (composition adjustment by sealed argon bubbling with oxygen blowing) Methods 0.000 description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010410 dusting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009851 ferrous metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229960001866 silicon dioxide Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
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- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001062472 Stokellia anisodon Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000036284 oxygen consumption Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
- Carbon Steel Or Casting Steel Manufacturing (AREA)
Abstract
一种炼钢新工艺，属于冶金技术领域，特征在于高炉铁水直接装入转炉，在转炉出钢时钢、渣混出，将钢水彻底出净，钢水进入钢包后进行扒渣处理，有效去除转炉氧化渣，扒渣后重新造渣，采用喷吹铝粉脱氧。为了快速去除脱氧产物，采取喷吹铝酸钙预熔精炼渣的方法进行反向渣洗；如果钢水需要深脱硫、脱氧和钙处理，可采取喷吹[Ca+铝酸钙]或先喷吹[CaC2+CaCO3]然后再喷吹铝酸钙进行渣洗处理，如钢种需要脱气，可在喷粉后，进行VD炉处理。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于冶金技术领域，涉及转炉炼钢的一种工艺。
背景技术
目前，现代钢铁冶金工艺流程：高炉铁水—铁水炉外预处理—扒渣—转炉冶炼—LF精炼—CC连铸。该工艺流程的铁水预处理工序存在着设备装备投资大，处理过程中铁水温降大，扒渣时铁损高，污染环境，耗材高等不足。另外，由于铁水扒渣不彻底脱硫渣进入转炉内，产生回硫。经转炉冶炼的钢水采用挡渣出钢，钢包中加脱氧剂、初合金化。利用钢水出钢的动能对这些合金进行混冲搅拌。该工艺的主要缺点在于出钢过程不可避免的带有转炉渣，该渣中带有大量磷、二氧化硅等有害杂质，其中磷后步精炼时大量回到钢水中。而二氧化硅也为精炼带来麻烦，尽管冶金工作者研究出大量的脱氧剂，但由于各种脱氧剂的密度较钢水小，加入钢水后很快上浮到钢液面，进入渣中，脱除渣中的氧，同时大量被空气氧化，会消耗大量脱氧剂，使得脱氧剂的利用率较低。渣中的氧消耗大量的合金，使合金的收得率大大降低。由于钢种需要，许多钢铁企业为减少下渣，不得不留钢操作，造成严重浪费。而利用钢水出钢动能对脱氧剂和合金进行搅拌，只在前期效果较好，而后期由于钢液面的升高，搅拌效果并不理想。
发明内容
为了推动冶金技术的发展，解决现钢铁冶金工艺中存在问题，经多年研究，发明了一种钢铁冶炼工艺方法。该工艺从高炉出来的铁水直接装入转炉进行冶炼，钢水成分、温度满足冶炼钢种要求后出钢，出钢时钢渣混出，将钢水彻底出净，钢水进入钢包后扒除氧化渣，扒渣后重新造渣，然后喷吹铝粉脱氧，喷吹量根据钢种氧含量要求而定，此种脱氧工艺可大大降低脱氧剂消耗。需要合金化时，在喷吹铝粉后加入合金，这样可显著提高合金的收得率。因此，该工艺可极大的降低生产成本。为了快速去除铝等脱氧产物，在喷吹铝粉后喷吹铝酸钙(12CaO·7Al2O3)粉进行反向渣洗。如果钢水需要深脱硫、脱氧和钙处理，可喷吹[Ca+铝酸钙]或先喷吹[CaC2+CaCO3]然后再喷吹铝酸钙进行渣洗处理。如需温度补偿，可采取CAS-OB或LF炉升温，此时LF炉只起升温作用，无需造渣精炼，因此，大大节省冶炼时间，减少原材料消耗，CAS-OB应在喷粉前进行。如钢种需要脱气，可在喷粉后进行VD炉处理。该工艺可极大的简化原有工艺流程，缩短生产周期，降低生产能耗和材料消耗，提高钢铁冶炼的生产效率。本发明的钢铁冶金工艺适合于不进行RH处理的钢种冶炼。对尚未采用铁水预处理的企业尤为重要。
具体实施方式
实施例1
在某钢厂高炉铁水未经炉外脱硫，直接入转炉，铁水硫含量在400～500ppm，钢包容量为150吨，生产钢种为Q235B，出钢温度(包内)控制在1670～1675℃，钢水中〔0〕550～450ppm，〔S〕≤350ppm，实行钢渣混出，出钢后进行扒渣，并加入300kg偏铝酸钙和220kg石灰重新造渣。造渣后喷吹110kg铝粉脱氧后合金化，最后喷吹280kg的[Ca+12CaO·7Al2O3]，其中Ca∶12CaO·7Al2O3＝1∶4，进一步脱氧、脱硫、渣洗。共试验50炉，钢包取样分析平均〔O〕10.5ppm，〔S〕150ppm，该结果钢中氧、硫含量及夹杂物形态、数量均优于传统的LF炉精炼工艺。
Claims (1)
1、一种炼钢工艺，其特征在于高炉铁水直接装入转炉并经冶炼后钢、渣混合出净到钢包后进行扒渣处理，扒渣后重新造渣，喷吹铝粉脱氧，然后根据冶炼钢种的不同或者喷吹铝酸钙12CaO·7Al2O3粉进行反向渣洗；或者依需要加入合金，再对钢水进行钙处理即：依需要喷吹Ca+铝酸钙或先喷吹CaC2+CaCO3然后再喷吹铝酸钙进行渣洗；最后依需要利用VD炉对钢水进行脱气处理。
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| CNB2007101585760A CN100540686C (zh) | 2007-11-28 | 2007-11-28 | 一种炼钢工艺 |
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| CNB2007101585760A CN100540686C (zh) | 2007-11-28 | 2007-11-28 | 一种炼钢工艺 |
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| CN102399930B (zh) * | 2010-09-08 | 2013-08-28 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | 一种减少低硅铝镇静钢增硅的方法 |
| CN107557652A (zh) * | 2017-09-09 | 2018-01-09 | 衡水广厦铁塔制造有限公司 | 一种电力塔用钢材的加工工艺 |
| CN109576434A (zh) * | 2019-01-28 | 2019-04-05 | 山东钢铁股份有限公司 | 用于转炉出钢的喷粉冶金控制方法及设备 |
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