CN100540185C - Powder metallurgy rapid shaping manufacture method - Google Patents
Powder metallurgy rapid shaping manufacture method Download PDFInfo
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- CN100540185C CN100540185C CNB200510033648XA CN200510033648A CN100540185C CN 100540185 C CN100540185 C CN 100540185C CN B200510033648X A CNB200510033648X A CN B200510033648XA CN 200510033648 A CN200510033648 A CN 200510033648A CN 100540185 C CN100540185 C CN 100540185C
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Abstract
A kind of powder metallurgy rapid shaping manufacture method may further comprise the steps: the preparation of feeding; Finish the accumulation moulding of whole part by computer-controlled program by extruding rapid forming equipment; Piece surface polishing and repairing; The grease removal of part is handled; The whole sintering processes of part; Processing is melted in oozing of the low melting point metal material of part; Part carries out fine finishining.Powder metallurgy rapid shaping manufacture method design science of the present invention, it is with the quick shaping process of maturation, powder injection-molded manufacturing process and ingenious combination of powder metallurgy sintered forming manufacture technique and combination, avoid high power laser sintering process and device, realized the rapid shaping of metal material or ceramic material.
Description
Technical field
What the present invention relates to is the formed product method, especially a kind of powder metallurgy rapid shaping manufacture method.
Background technology
Rapid shaping (RP) technology is the advanced manufacturing technology that the nineties grows up, and the RP technology is integrated growing up on the basis of modern CAD/CAM technology, laser technology, computer numerical control technology, elaborate servo actuation techniques and new material technology.The basic principle of rapid shaping is: the three-dimensional data model in the computer is carried out the outline data that hierarchy slicing obtains each layer cross section, computer in view of the above information control laser instrument or nozzle selectively sintering one deck connect the dusty material of one deck or solidify the liquid photosensitive resin of layer upon layer, or the flaky material of cutting layer upon layer, or the hot melt material or the adhesive that spray layer upon layer form a series of sheet entities with a small thickness, adopt clinkering again, polymerization, means such as bonding make it successively be piled into one, finally obtain required product exemplar, mould or model." layering manufacturing, successively stack " is similar to mathematical integral process.The superiority of RP technology is: need not to prepare directly to accept product design (CAD) data under the situation of any mould, cutter and frock jig, produce exemplar, mould or the model of new product fast.The RP The Application of Technology, can shorten greatly new product construction cycle, reduce development cost, improve development quality.At present, the nickel based metal quick shaping process technology of carrying out, that is: nickel powder or nickel wire laser sintering and moulding technology.The laser power that this technology adopted reaches 200-500 watt, and the single device investment reaches up to ten million units.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of powder metallurgy rapid shaping manufacture method, it can realize the rapid shaping of exemplar, mould or the model of metal or ceramic product.
Powder metallurgy rapid shaping manufacture method of the present invention may further comprise the steps:
One, the preparation of feeding: with particle size range is that dusty material and the additive of 0.025～60 μ m places in the constant temperature and pressure jar (screw rod batch mixer) of extruding rapid forming equipment, at speed of agitator is 10～300r/m, and temperature is to mix 0.5～3 hour under 80～300 ℃ of conditions; The weight proportion of dusty material and additive is a dusty material 30～70%: additive 70～30%;
Two, rapid forming equipment is extruded in startup, and feeding enters extrusion chamber, and the extruding cavity temperature is: 80～300 ℃, pressure is: 50～250Mpa; The extrusion chamber nozzle diameter is: 5～600 μ m;
Three, the feeding in the extrusion chamber is extruded filament shape feeding from nozzle, and nozzle 3D part section program by design under computer control is moved, up to the accumulation moulding of finishing whole part;
Four, the part of piling up moulding being carried out grease removal handles;
Five, adopt conventional powder metallurgy sintered moulding process that the part of step 4 is carried out the whole sintering processes of high temperature, it can make the seam of powder contact site and keep part global shape, structure constant substantially, and the holding temperature coefficient of the whole sintering of high temperature is 0.65～0.85; It is characterized in that:
Additive described in the step 1 is made up of binding agent, lubricant;
Step 3 is piled up the piece surface of moulding and need be polished and repair the burr on the removal blank;
The low temperature sintering technology that adopts under the protective gas is handled in described grease removal, and protective gas is nitrogen or argon gas or helium or hydrogen, and hot grease removal holding temperature technology is: 150 ± 5 ℃, and 2 hours time; 245 ± 5 ℃, 2 hours time; 450 ± 5 ℃, 2 hours time, heating rate is 3 ℃/minute, removes fat and low melting point volatile materials in the part;
After the whole sintering processes of high temperature, for the demanding part of air-tightness, adopt oozing molten processing the in the powder metallurgy sintered moulding process to carry out low melting point metal material and ooze molten the processing, make the space of part be full of low melting point metal material, improve the intensity of part, the integrality of piece surface, the sealing of structure;
Part after the whole sintering processes of high temperature or ooze molten the processing after part need adopt conventional metal working process to carry out fine finishining, obtain the part identical with the 3D design configuration.
Described dusty material can be: low-alloy steel, stainless steel, tool steel, carbide alloy, aluminium, copper, iron or pottery.
Described binding agent is: one or more in paraffin, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyethylene, stearic acid, the kaolin.
Described lubricant is: one or more in aluminum stearate, zinc stearate, lithium stearate, dolomol, odium stearate, class of department, low molecule EVA, the low molecular poly.
Described additive can also be made up of binding agent, lubricant and plasticizer.
Described plasticizer is: one or more in camphanone, two butyl benzene diacid, dimethyl benzene diacid, the positive dibutyl ester of phthalic acid, the dioctyl sebacate.
The design principle of powder metallurgy rapid shaping manufacture method of the present invention is: rapid shaping technique is combined with powder injection-molded technology and powder metallurgy sintered forming technique, utilize rapid shaping technique, obtain the outline data of each layer cross section by the three-dimensional data model hierarchy slicing of computer settings, computer information control nozzle in view of the above sprays the feeding of layer upon layer selectively (by powder, binding agent, compositions such as lubricant) make it successively be piled into one, finally obtain required product exemplar, mould or model, adopt power injection molding that it is carried out grease removal again and handle and powder metallurgy sintered forming processes, obtain required rapid shaping part at last.
Powder metallurgy rapid shaping manufacture method design science of the present invention, it is with the quick shaping process of maturation, powder injection-molded manufacturing process and ingenious combination of powder metallurgy sintered forming manufacture technique and combination, avoid high power laser sintering process and device, realized the rapid shaping of metal material or ceramic material.
Concrete steps following examples of powder metallurgy rapid shaping manufacture method of the present invention are described further.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment: powder metallurgy rapid shaping manufacture method may further comprise the steps:
One, the preparation of feeding:
(1) dusty material ingredients by weight percentage: the iron-nickel alloy 98% that by average grain diameter is 6 μ m is that 3 μ m magnesium powder 2% are formed with average grain diameter;
(2) additive formulations percentage by weight: form by paraffin 97%, polyethylene 1%, zinc stearate 1.5%, camphanone 0.5%;
(3) weight proportion with above-mentioned dusty material 55%, additive 45% places in the constant temperature and pressure jar (screw rod batch mixer) of extruding rapid forming equipment, is 150r/m at speed of agitator; Temperature is to mix 2 hours under 160 ℃ of conditions.
Two, rapid forming equipment is extruded in startup, makes the feeding in the constant temperature and pressure jar (screw rod batch mixer) enter extrusion chamber, and the extruding cavity temperature is: 130 ℃, extruding force is: 100Mpa; The extrusion chamber nozzle diameter is: 200 μ m;
Three, the nozzle of extruding rapid forming equipment moves by the 3D part section program of design, and the feeding in the extrusion chamber is extruded with the filament shape from nozzle, up to the accumulation moulding of finishing whole part under computer control.
Four, the piece surface that step 3 is piled up moulding is polished and is repaired, and removes the burr on the blank.
Five, adopt the low temperature sintering technology under the protective gas that part is carried out hot grease removal processing, protective gas is nitrogen or argon gas or helium or hydrogen, and hot grease removal holding temperature technology is: 150 ± 5 ℃, and 2 hours time; 245 ± 5 ℃, 2 hours time; 450 ± 5 ℃, 2 hours time, heating rate is 3 ℃/minute, removes fat and low melting point volatile materials in the part.
Six, the part of step 5 is carried out the whole sintering processes of high temperature, the holding temperature of the whole sintering of high temperature is 530 ± 5 ℃, and it can make the seam of powder contact site and keep part global shape, structure constant substantially.
Seven, the part to step 6 carries out the molten processing of oozing of low melting point metal material, present embodiment employing fusing point is that 217 ℃ SAC alloy oozes molten the processing to part, make the space of part be full of low melting point metal material, improve the intensity of part, the integrality of piece surface, the sealing of structure.
Eight, adopt conventional metal working process that the part of step 6 is carried out fine finishining, obtain part with 3D design configuration same size precision and surface roughness.
The whole sintering processes of the grease removal processing of adopting in the present embodiment powder metallurgy rapid shaping manufacture method step, high temperature and ooze molten the processing respectively in Liang Shuquan, Huang Baiyun work " powder injection forming rheology " (publishing house of Central South University, the Hunan, in December, 2000), the Jiang Chengyu chief editor has detailed introduction in " materials processing principle " (publishing house of Harbin Institute of Technology, August calendar year 2001).
Claims (4)
1, a kind of powder metallurgy rapid shaping manufacture method may further comprise the steps:
One, the preparation of feeding: with particle size range is that dusty material and the additive of 0.025～60 μ m places in the screw rod batch mixer of extruding rapid forming equipment, is 10～300r/m at speed of agitator, and temperature is to mix 0.5～3 hour under 80～300 ℃ of conditions; The weight proportion of dusty material and additive is a dusty material 30～70%, additive 70～30%;
Two, rapid forming equipment is extruded in startup, and feeding enters extrusion chamber, and the extruding cavity temperature is: 80～300 ℃, pressure is: 50～250Mpa; The extrusion chamber nozzle diameter is: 5～600 μ m;
Three, the feeding in the extrusion chamber is extruded filament shape feeding from nozzle, and nozzle 3D part section program by design under computer control is moved, up to the accumulation moulding of finishing whole part;
Four, the part of piling up moulding being carried out grease removal handles;
Five, adopt powder metallurgy sintered moulding process that the part of step 4 is carried out the whole sintering processes of high temperature, the holding temperature coefficient of the whole sintering of high temperature is 0.65～0.85; It is characterized in that:
Additive described in the step 1 is made up of binding agent, lubricant;
Step 3 is piled up the piece surface of moulding and need be polished and repair the burr on the removal blank;
The low temperature sintering technology that adopts under the protective gas is handled in described grease removal, and protective gas is nitrogen or argon gas or helium or hydrogen, and hot grease removal holding temperature technology is: 150 ± 5 ℃, and 2 hours time; 245 ± 5 ℃, 2 hours time; 450 ± 5 ℃, 2 hours time, heating rate is 3 ℃/minute, removes fat and low melting point volatile materials in the part;
Part after the whole sintering processes of high temperature adopts oozing molten processing the in the powder metallurgy sintered moulding process to carry out low melting point metal material and ooze molten the processing;
Ooze the part that melts after handling and adopt metal working process to carry out fine finishining, obtain the part identical with the 3D design configuration.
2, according to the described powder metallurgy rapid shaping of claim 1 manufacture method, it is characterized in that: dusty material is one or more in low-alloy steel, stainless steel, tool steel, carbide alloy, aluminium, copper, iron or the pottery.
3, according to the described powder metallurgy rapid shaping of claim 1 manufacture method, it is characterized in that: binding agent is one or more in paraffin, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyethylene, stearic acid, the kaolin.
4, according to the described powder metallurgy rapid shaping of claim 1 manufacture method, it is characterized in that: lubricant is one or more in aluminum stearate, zinc stearate, lithium stearate, dolomol, odium stearate, class of department, low molecule EVA, the low molecular poly.
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| CNB200510033648XA CN100540185C (en) | 2005-03-14 | 2005-03-14 | Powder metallurgy rapid shaping manufacture method |
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| CNB200510033648XA CN100540185C (en) | 2005-03-14 | 2005-03-14 | Powder metallurgy rapid shaping manufacture method |
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| CN100540185C true CN100540185C (en) | 2009-09-16 |
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Families Citing this family (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102528015A (en) * | 2010-12-31 | 2012-07-04 | 上海爱普生磁性器件有限公司 | Preparation method for granular material for metal injection molding technology |
| CN102151832B (en) * | 2011-02-28 | 2013-02-06 | 中南大学 | Extrusion forming agent and preparation and use thereof |
| CN102534339A (en) * | 2012-01-06 | 2012-07-04 | 常州西利合金工具有限公司 | Preparation method for producing end milling cutter blank mixture |
| CN103157796B (en) * | 2013-04-10 | 2014-11-05 | 湖南环宇粉末冶金有限公司 | Method of forming powder metallurgy tool steel |
| CN103769587A (en) * | 2013-11-28 | 2014-05-07 | 王利民 | Method and device for producing metal 3D printing method product |
| CN104532040B (en) * | 2014-12-11 | 2016-05-04 | 株洲西迪硬质合金科技股份有限公司 | A kind of carbide alloy composite forming method |
| CN104711442B (en) * | 2015-03-11 | 2016-11-30 | 北京科技大学 | A kind of 3D prints the method manufacturing hard alloy |
| CN105312577A (en) * | 2015-06-17 | 2016-02-10 | 洛阳名力科技开发有限公司 | Manufacturing method for abrasion-resistant stainless steel |
| CN105252008A (en) * | 2015-11-04 | 2016-01-20 | 深圳艾利门特科技有限公司 | Method for preparing porous heat conduction copper pipes through powder extrusion forming technology |
| CN105382262A (en) * | 2015-11-04 | 2016-03-09 | 深圳艾利门特科技有限公司 | Manufacturing method of heat conduction copper pipe with inner groove |
| CN105562696A (en) * | 2016-01-11 | 2016-05-11 | 江西理工大学 | Metal 3D printing method |
| CN106216672B (en) * | 2016-07-07 | 2017-12-26 | 四川天塬增材制造材料有限公司 | A kind of Metal toughened ceramic matric composite part increases material preparation method |
| WO2018059473A1 (en) * | 2016-09-30 | 2018-04-05 | 珠海天威飞马打印耗材有限公司 | Three-dimensional forming filament, manufacturing method, and forming method |
| CN106670451B (en) * | 2016-12-28 | 2018-11-27 | 江苏精研科技股份有限公司 | Powder injection forming copper alloy feeding |
| CN110078497A (en) * | 2019-03-14 | 2019-08-02 | 湖北精圭锆业有限公司 | Black zirconia feeding and preparation method thereof for ceramic injection forming |
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