CN100538418C - 线性元件及其生产方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种线性元件(10),包括一第一层(30)和一第二层(40),该第二层置于该第一层的周围。该第二层包括一系列的环状凹槽(60)。该第二层的材料基本上比该第一层的材料坚硬。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及线性元件,比如电缆或管子,更具体地,涉及外表面经过处理而形成一系列环状凹槽的线性元件。
背景技术
欧洲专利EP765214揭示了一种仪器,适用于在一根光滑的口径管的外壁形成一系列平行凹槽。该仪器包括三个滚筒,当管子通过该仪器时,三个滚筒放置于管子周围。一个或更多的滚筒被开槽,被开槽的滚轮的转动在管子的外表面内形成一系列凹槽。
欧洲专利EP765214揭示的仪器的其中一个缺点是转筒的三角形排列形成一条可通过管子的空隙。这种排列的几何学意味着处理小管子,比如直径为3mm或更小的管子,是有困难的。
我们的英国专利申请GB0421439.1,提交于2004年9月27日,描述了一种仪器,使用该种仪器可以在一根光滑的口径管的外壁形成一系列相似的平行凹槽。该仪器包括两个相对的滚筒,其中一个或更多个可以被开槽以便在管子上形成凹槽,管子在两个滚筒间穿过以形成凹槽。而且,提供两个相对的定位装置以维持与相对的滚筒有关的管子的位置。这种排列可以使得两相对的滚筒非常地接近,从而能在小管子,比如直径小于3mm的管子上开槽。很容易理解,随着管子的直径减小,形成管壁的所需要的材料的量将减少。这增加了当管子弯曲到一个将影响在管子内的光纤的光学和/或机械性能的弯折半径时,管子将毁坏的可能性。而且,随着环状管子的厚度减小,越发不可能有足够的机械硬度以提供充分的保护防止对光纤的撞击和磨损。
解决这个问题的一种途径是采用具有更大杨氏模数(Young′s modulus)的材料做成管子。可是,这样做带来有害的后果,那就是管子的硬度增加,使得管子的弯曲和操作变得困难。对于某些应用,比如内部通信网络,汽车应用等,这种影响和不充分的碰撞保护一样是有害的。
发明内容
根据本发明的第一方面,提供了一种线性元件,包括一第一层和一第二层,第二层置于第一层的周围,第二层包括一系列的环状凹槽,其中第一层由一第一材料组成,第二层由一第二材料组成,第二材料基本上比第一材料坚硬。
根据本发明的第二方面,提供了一种生产线性元件的方法,包括步骤:
a)形成一第一层;
b)在第一层的周围形成一第二层;和
c)在第二层的外表面形成一系列环状凹槽,其中第一层由一第一材料组成,第二层由一第二材料组成,第二材料基本上比第一材料坚硬。
附图说明
下面将结合以下附图及具体实施方式来对本发明做进一步描述:
图1为本发明的线性元件的示意图。
图2为本发明另一实施例的线性元件的示意图。
具体实施方式
图1表示根据本发明的一种线性元件10的示意图。线性元件10是一个管状元件,包括内层30和外层40。内层包括一环状横截面以便在线性元件的中心形成圆形通道20。按照欧洲专利EP765214和/或英国专利GB0421439.1所描述的方法对外层进行加工以便外层包括许多环状凹槽60,环状凹槽60隔开外层的部件50。众所周知,一系列环状凹槽的存在使外层的部件相互铰接,以便线性元件能很容易地弯曲到预定的弯曲半径,但是如果要进一步将线性元件弯曲到更小的弯曲半径则需要施加一个相当大的力。
内层30和外层40由具有不同特性的材料做成,因此用来制作外层的材料的模数显著大于用来制作内层的材料的模数。这些材料的仔细选择使得该线性元件得以形成,以便其不具有已知的小直径线性元件和管子所固有的缺点。
该元件可以这样制作,先挤压成形出作为管子的内层,然后将管子进行第二挤压成形处理,在这个过程中,在内层上形成外层。可是,最好是用一步共挤压成形方法形成内层和外层。一旦线性元件形成,即用欧洲专利EP765214和/或英国专利GB0421439.1描述的方法,在线性元件的外层中形成环状凹槽。对外层的厚度和用来形成环状凹槽的滚筒切割的深度进行选择,以便环状凹槽基本上贯穿整个外层,这样在外层的相邻的部分50之间没有或很少有连接。这样子的优点在于外层对于线性元件的弯曲性能影响有限。或者也可以,环状凹槽可以部分延伸到内层。
图2表示的是根据本发明的第二实施例的一种线性元件10′的示意图。线性元件10′和上面参照图1描述的线性元件10之间的最显著的差异在于线性元件10′包括一根光纤20′,而不是环状通道20。当线性元件10′形成后,内层和外层是共挤压成形在光纤上的,这样与在圆形通道20中插入一根光纤的线性元件10相比,线性元件10′拥有一个减小的横截面区域。然而,该结构和形成该结构的方法与参照图1所描述的实施例的一样。
可以理解,图1和图2的示意性的描述不是去限定而是去描述本发明。典型的,外直径或线性元件是2-3mm,但是它可以更小,比如小到几百微米,或者由于特殊用途大于这个范围。最好内层的径向厚度比外层的径向厚度大。内层的径向厚度可以达到外层的径向厚度的4倍,最好内层的径向厚度基本上是外层的径向厚度的2倍。
线性元件可以和任何光纤一起使用,不管它是用塑料(比如,POF MOST,POF IDB,PCS等)制造还是用硅(或者多模或单模)制造。很容易理解,线性元件的直径将由位于线性元件内的光纤的直径确定。
使用一种更硬、更刚性的材料来制造外层提供了所需的抗压性和抗撞性。另外,使用更硬的外层可以提供更大的阻力防止管子弯曲超出它的预定的弯曲半径。使用一种更软、易弯曲的的材料来制造内层使得碰撞得以缓冲以便碰撞不会转移到位于元件内的光纤。而且,易弯曲的内层,与形成于外层的环状凹槽联合,使得线性元件足够灵活以便布线,比如在一个接线板中,在一辆汽车中等。内层也必须有足够的抗拉伸强度去限制当线性元件处于拉伸应变时光纤所经历的张力。
已发现用于内层的一种合适的材料是热塑性的弹性体,比如一种尼龙或一种热塑性橡胶。外层最好由高强度工程聚合体或一种用玻璃纤维和/或玻璃球强化的热塑性的弹性体。容易理解,具有相似特性的其他材料也可以用来制造内和/或外层。
内和/或外层可以被处理或改良以便提供更进一步的所期望的品质。这些品质包括改良内层以便降低把光纤插入管子遇到的摩擦力或改变内层的导电性(以便减少管内静电的积累或允许在管内某种终端到终端的电的监测的形式。其他的改良可以包括两层的改良以便满足抗火或毒性要求。外层可以被处理或改良以提供化学稳定性。容易理解,改良的类型和程度将由线性元件的应用方式确定。
在本发明的一个更进一步的实施例中,线性元件可以包括一第一层和一第二层,由带有不同的添加剂的相同的材料共挤压成形,这些添加剂给第一层和第二层提供不同的特性。比如第一层可以包括PBT(聚丁烯对苯二酸盐(或酯),polybutylene terephthalate),一种可塑剂和一种润滑剂。第二层可以包括PBT,玻璃珠和/或玻璃纤维以加固外层。通过使用相同的材料形成内外层,共挤压成形变得简单,实质上消除了由于材料的特性的不同导致的问题。
共挤压成形可被控制,因此有一个突然的转变在第一层和第二层之间。或者也可以,在共挤压成形时,可能可以去改变材料,这样从第二层的坚硬的材料到内层的柔软的材料有一个慢慢的转变。在这种情况下,环状凹槽形成一定的深度以便第二层的特性不再支配第一层的特性。
Claims (9)
1、一种线性元件,包括两层,确定所述线性元件的内部的一第一连续层和置于所述第一连续层的周围的第二层,所述的第二层包括一系列的环状凹槽,所述第一连续层包括一第一材料,所述第二层包括一第二材料,所述第二材料比所述第一材料坚硬和不易弯曲,其特征在于,所述环状凹槽的横截面为V形,这样所述第二层作为所述线性元件的开有凹槽的外表面。
2、根据权利要求1所述的线性元件,其特征在于,所述第一连续层置于一光纤的周围。
3、根据权利要求2所述的线性元件,其特征在于,所述光纤是塑料光纤。
4、根据权利要求1所述的线性元件,其特征在于,所述第一连续层有一环状横截面,这样所述线性元件包括一圆柱腔。
5、根据上述任一项权利要求所述的线性元件,其特征在于,所述第一连续层的径向厚度是所述第二层的径向厚度的两倍。
6、一种生产线性元件的方法,其特征在于,包括步骤:
a)形成一第一连续层;
b)在所述第一连续层的周围形成一第二连续层以便
i)所述第一连续层确定所述线性元件的内部和
ii)所述第二连续层确定所述线性元件的外部;和
c)通过在所述第二连续层的外表面形成一系列环状凹槽来分割所述第二连续层形成一系列的圆环,其中所述环状凹槽的横截面为V形,所述第一连续层包括一第一材料,所述第二连续层包括一第二材料,所述第二材料比所述第一材料坚硬和不易弯曲。
7、根据权利要求6所述的方法,其特征在于,所述第一连续层形成在一光纤周围。
8、根据权利要求6所述的方法,其特征在于,所述第一连续层形成有一环状横截面,这样所述线性元件包括一圆柱腔。
9、根据权利要求6至8中任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,步骤a)和b)采用一步共挤压成形方法实现。
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GB0421611.5 | 2004-09-29 | ||
GB0421611A GB2418717B (en) | 2004-09-29 | 2004-09-29 | Linear member |
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CN101044424A CN101044424A (zh) | 2007-09-26 |
CN100538418C true CN100538418C (zh) | 2009-09-09 |
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US (1) | US7844148B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP1794634A1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP2008514450A (zh) |
KR (1) | KR101160374B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN100538418C (zh) |
AU (1) | AU2005288739B2 (zh) |
BR (1) | BRPI0515940A (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2581931A1 (zh) |
GB (1) | GB2418717B (zh) |
MY (1) | MY141440A (zh) |
RU (1) | RU2007111489A (zh) |
TW (1) | TWI335967B (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2006035206A1 (zh) |
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US20100278492A1 (en) | 2009-04-30 | 2010-11-04 | Bohler Gregory B | Armored Fiber Optic Assemblies and Methods of Forming Fiber Optic Assemblies |
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-
2004
- 2004-09-29 GB GB0421611A patent/GB2418717B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2005
- 2005-09-22 TW TW094132782A patent/TWI335967B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2005-09-27 US US11/664,006 patent/US7844148B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-09-27 KR KR1020077008736A patent/KR101160374B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2005-09-27 CA CA002581931A patent/CA2581931A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2005-09-27 EP EP05786150A patent/EP1794634A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-09-27 MY MYPI20054542A patent/MY141440A/en unknown
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- 2005-09-27 AU AU2005288739A patent/AU2005288739B2/en not_active Ceased
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- 2005-09-27 BR BRPI0515940-7A patent/BRPI0515940A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2005-09-27 JP JP2007532967A patent/JP2008514450A/ja active Pending
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GB2418717B (en) | 2009-08-12 |
RU2007111489A (ru) | 2008-11-10 |
KR20070064639A (ko) | 2007-06-21 |
TW200622131A (en) | 2006-07-01 |
EP1794634A1 (en) | 2007-06-13 |
WO2006035206A1 (en) | 2006-04-06 |
US7844148B2 (en) | 2010-11-30 |
GB0421611D0 (en) | 2004-10-27 |
MY141440A (en) | 2010-04-30 |
GB2418717A (en) | 2006-04-05 |
CA2581931A1 (en) | 2006-04-06 |
CN101044424A (zh) | 2007-09-26 |
AU2005288739B2 (en) | 2010-08-12 |
TWI335967B (en) | 2011-01-11 |
US20080044145A1 (en) | 2008-02-21 |
JP2008514450A (ja) | 2008-05-08 |
BRPI0515940A (pt) | 2008-08-12 |
AU2005288739A1 (en) | 2006-04-06 |
KR101160374B1 (ko) | 2012-06-26 |
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