CN100535330C - Stereo bearing shuttering for reinforced concrete - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed is a three-dimensional force-bearing form for reinforced concrete, which comprises an upper top board (1), peripheral side panels (2) and a lower bottom (3), the upper top board (1), the peripheral side panels (2) and the lower bottom (3) are linked each other to form a polyhedral closed cavity (4), the cavity (4) is provided wit at least one rod unit (5), the invention is characterized in that the rod unit (5) is a curved rod, a folded-line rod, a cable, an equal-cross-sectional straight rod, a variable cross-sectional straight rod, an upper-opened hollow rod or their combination, or the combination of a variable cross-sectional hollow straight rod with the above-mentioned rod units, the peripheral side panel of at least one rod unit (5) is provided with a supporting member for supporting the upper top board (1). the invention can be applied to hollow concrete structures such as roofs, foundation floors, concrete walls and bridges, especially to project of hollow floor slabs.

Description

A kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete

The application for the applying date be that April 30, application number in 2002 are 02117551.9, name is called the dividing an application of application for a patent for invention of " a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete ".

(1) technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete.

(2) background technology

Advantages such as at present, the building of brick mix structure and frame construction major part adopts precast hollow slab as floor structure, and it is fast that this floor structure has speed of application, and cost is low.But, only use the cement mortar joint filling, thereby globality is poor, is unfavorable for antidetonation, and phenomenons such as slit cracking, infiltration often occur owing to firmly do not link between adjacent two precast hollow slabs.For addressing the above problem, a lot of building have adopted the method for Cast-in-place concrete floor (solid, hollow), have solved problems such as antidetonation, cracking and infiltration preferably, but this class floor slab construction relative difficult, and cost is higher relatively.The patent No. is " shuttering member " utility model patent of 93206310.1, a kind of a kind of prefabricated noggin piece that is used for industry and the close rib cavity of civilian construction floor is disclosed, it by upper base, go to the bottom and sidewall constitutes, sidewall all around and upper base, the totally-enclosed cavity polyhedral structure of the formation of going to the bottom, be provided with self support strength of ribs with the enhancement mode mould component in the die housing, formwork self is cracky not.During construction, by designing requirement, shuttering member is placed on the supporter of floor gap, reserve the certain clearance space between shuttering member, arrange reinforcing bar, and pour into a mould that shuttering member promptly constitutes all very smooth whole floor slab structure of upper and lower surface with reinforced concrete with cement, shuttering member in floor be internal mold be again to fill supporting member, construction saves trouble, easy.But this shuttering member is because its inner ribs that is provided with is board-like ribs, weight is heavier relatively, material consumption is big, simultaneously its board-like ribs has only been considered not cracky or only satisfy the requirement of construction resistance to compression load of formwork upper plate, do not consider formwork is designed to the primary load bearing member, constitute common stressed structural system with cast-in-situ concrete structure combination, with resist the drawing of various complexity, press, cut, turn round, the effect of external force such as vibration.European patent number is EP0884427A2, international Patent classificating number is E04B5/21, name is called the european patent application of " A better solution for the concreteboxes normally used in the fungiform pavements ", related to relevant with reclaiming plastics manufacturing concrete hollow mould shell, this formwork is by upper plate, the sidewall and the formation of going to the bottom on every side, upper plate, sidewall and going to the bottom is connected to each other and constitutes the polyhedron enclosed cavity on every side, in cavity, be provided with the rod member of 5 hollow taper shapes under shed, this rod member with go to the bottom and all around sidewall be single injection-molded, upper plate is connected with sidewall all around by bolt and forms plastic form integral body.Equally, this kind plastic form has only been considered not cracky or only satisfy the requirement of construction resistance to compression load of formwork upper plate, though its taper shape is to the conveniently nestable transportation of hollow rod member of under shed, but do not consider formwork is designed to the primary load bearing member, constitute common three-dimensional stressed structural system with the cast-in-situ concrete structure combination, to resist the effect that to resist lower pulling force and horizontal shear etc. in the effect of various complicated outside force, particularly formwork.Therefore, develop a kind of novel stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete for being badly in need of.

(3) summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete, can constitute common stressed structural system with the Cast-in-place concrete combination, resist various complicated outside force effects, also have in light weight, characteristics such as material consumption is few, simple in structure, convenient construction and transport simultaneously.

Solution of the present invention is on the basis of existing technology, comprise upper plate, sidewall and going to the bottom on every side, upper plate, sidewall and going to the bottom is connected to each other and constitutes the polyhedron enclosed cavity on every side, rod member more than at least one is arranged in cavity, it is characterized in that rod member is a curvilinear rod, folding mast, cable, the uniform section straight-bar, the solid straight-bar of variable cross-section, upper shed hollow stem or its combination, the perhaps combination of hollow straight-bar of variable cross-section and above-mentioned rod member, go to the bottom or go to the bottom and upper plate is chosen the base, around the base is zigzag, waveform, hypotenuse shape, step, perhaps the base also is extended with the dew anchor rib simultaneously, reveal net, the fiber exposure silk, the anticracking grid cloth, a Cracking-proof belt sour jujube iron plate, dovetail shaped iron plate or pressure mesh iron plate or their combination.Like this, the bonding of base and Cast-in-place concrete is more firm, and globality is better.

Wherein, it is stressed that curvilinear rod is more suitable in formwork arch; Folding mast more is applicable in the special-shaped formwork; Cable more is applicable to tension, and as adopting the sheath cable, then its durability is better; Straight-bar is economized with material, and power transmission is direct, and it draws, presses performance all good, also can apply prestressing force; Upside open hollow bar can make Cast-in-place concrete and the interior stressed member of formwork be combined into one, and forms the common force structure of mutual build-in, and the variable cross-section hollow stem should not use separately, is used in combination preferable with other.Thereby this formwork can constitute common stressed structural system with the Cast-in-place concrete combination, to resist drawing of various complexity, press, cut, the effect of external force such as turn round, constitute the hollow force transferring structure of darknet frame concrete, and the shock resistance of floor, anti-vibration, anti-point load, crack resistance improves greatly, the corresponding steel content that reduces floor, the concrete consumption, improve the plane stiffness of floor, strengthen the structural strength of formwork and Cast-in-place concrete, also have in light weight simultaneously, material consumption is few, simple in structure, characteristics such as convenient construction and transport, reached purpose of the present invention, be applicable to various superstructures, roof system, sole plate, concrete wall, in the hollow concrete structure such as bridge, be specially adapted in the hollow concrete superstructure engineering.

Feature of the present invention also is to be provided with at least more than one the triangle rod member truss element or the rod member that joins more than two that is made of many rod members in die housing.Like this, because the triangular truss unit is stable geometric shapes, then the intensity of formwork and rigidity further improve, and the performance of the stressed power transmission of formwork participation Cast-in-place concrete is better, and formwork is in light weight, and material consumption is few, and stability is better.

Feature of the present invention is that also a plurality of truss elements in the die housing constitute truss, truss element is orthogonal thereto each other, oblique, parallel, shaped form engages, butt joint is arranged, perhaps three-dimensional spatial arrangement, perhaps height layout straggly also simultaneously, perhaps above-mentioned combination.Like this, formwork can design, make up the rod member in it according to the needs that reality is used fully, to satisfy the needs of different use occasions, different stressing conditions.

Feature of the present invention is that also truss element or truss are rope bar truss, plane frame, space truss, space truss, the rod member truss that the fixed quadrangle of joint, pentagon, hexagon constitute.Like this, the form of truss element or truss is more, can select flexibly to use according to actual mode of occupation, make things convenient for design and construction, and formwork is stressed, power transmission is more even, and upper plate can bear point load.

Feature of the present invention is that also the push rod of truss element is upper plate or the reinforcing rib on it, and perhaps bottom bar is to go to the bottom or the reinforcing rib on it, and perhaps push rod, bottom bar are upper plate simultaneously respectively, go to the bottom or the reinforcing rib on it.Like this, the push rod of truss member or bottom bar can omit accordingly, and truss is become simply, and easy to make, cost is lower.

Feature of the present invention also is to have in the formwork cavity at least one rod member to be extended with shaft or rod end outside die housing or reveals anchor rib or reveal net or concavo-convex mesh iron plate.Like this, rod member in the die housing and the bonding between the Cast-in-place concrete and build-in are better, the bond strength and the collaborative work that have solved the combination interface between prefabricated and the Cast-in-place concrete preferably, and its stress performance, overall performance are higher.

The cross sectional shape that feature of the present invention also is rod member for circle, annular, square, prolate type, hollow, ring is hollow, L shaped, flute profile, I-shaped, honeycomb hollow, porous shape, variable cross-section shape, perhaps simultaneously also along the axis reducing of rod member.Like this, the cross sectional shape of rod member can be selected flexibly according to actual loading and manufacture craft, is convenient to produce and actual the use.

Feature of the present invention is that also rod member is compound rod or coupled pole.Compound rod can be two also having reinforcing rib on cogroup bar combination or the bar simultaneously, or by the rod member combination of individual material properties.Coupled pole has plane stratiform coupled pole, around stratiform coupled pole, different performance material coupled pole.Like this, the intensity and the rigidity of rod member further improve, and stressed transmission force property is better, and rod member is difficult for unstability, and the performance speciality of various rod members and material all can be given full play to.

Feature of the present invention is that also coupled pole is that the coupled pole that strengthens surface layer is fixed or is pasted with on the rod member surface, the enhancing surface layer is metal sheet roof covering, carbon fiber board, glass fiber reinforced plastic thin plate, fibre cloth, fibrous mesh cloth or steel fibre, perhaps strengthens to also have anchoring pin or hole on the surface layer simultaneously.Like this, the intensity and the rigidity of rod member improve greatly, and stressed transmission force property is better.

Feature of the present invention also be to interconnect between the rod member self or and upper plate or on every side sidewall or go to the bottom between be connected to splicing, welding, wire connection, snapping, clamping, riveted joint, hinged, perforation anchor connection or global formation or above-mentioned combination.Like this, make the making of shuttering member very convenient, easy to implement, cost is low.

Feature of the present invention is that also around the formwork at least one sidewall has at least more than one boss, and boss is solid boss or hollow boss, or also is filled with light material in the hollow boss.Like this, the Cast-in-place concrete rod member between the boss constitutes the cast-in-place dark rib of truss each other, and making the concrete hidden rib between the formwork is the dark rib of truss-like, dark rib weight saving, and stress performance improves.

Feature of the present invention also is to have the rod member more than at least 1 at least one boss.Like this, the rod member in the boss participates in the stressed of the cast-in-place concrete hidden rib of truss-like, makes stress performance more reliable.

Feature of the present invention also is to have on the boss to be revealed anchor rib or reveals rod end.

Feature of the present invention also be sidewall around or upper plate or go to the bottom at least one in or external surface reinforcing rib is arranged, reinforcing rib is hollow or solid, and height, consistency of thickness or do not wait.Like this, because reinforcing rib is arranged, the intensity and the rigidity of formwork further improve, and the build-in between the Cast-in-place concrete is more firm, and it is better that formwork participates in performance stressed, power transmission.

Feature of the present invention also is upper plate or sidewall or both external surfaces are undaform, zigzag, impression shape, plucking shape rough surface on every side.Like this, can improve the adhesion stress between shuttering member and the Cast-in-place concrete better, improve the overall performance of Cast-in-place concrete.

Feature of the present invention is that also formwork that upper plate and sidewall on every side form is one deck cementitious matter one deck fiber or the cloth superimposed each other layer structure more than two layers of one deck cementitious matter again.Like this, shuttering member is by fiber reinforcement, and its intensity and rigidity increase greatly, and makes easily.

Feature of the present invention is that also the formwork of upper plate or sidewall formation on every side is the composite construction that the truss single or double is wrapped up in rete outward, or honeycomb hole skeleton single or double is wrapped up in the composite construction of rete outward.Like this, formwork is a hollow wall, and the weight of formwork is further alleviated, and cost reduces, and it is more convenient easy to construct.

Feature of the present invention is that also the upper plate of formwork and sidewall on every side are the single peviform thing of one or the peviform thing that constitutes more than two module components.Like this, the making of formwork is easier, convenient, cost is lower.

Feature of the present invention also is from going to the bottom or upper plate or both are extended with and reveal anchor rib or reveal net or be extended with both simultaneously.

Feature of the present invention also is to go to the bottom or upper plate or both outwards choose from sidewall on every side simultaneously the base is arranged.Like this, stretch out and reveal anchor rib or reveal net, formwork can form integral body with the Cast-in-place concrete bonding better, improves overall performance; Also be extended with the base simultaneously if go to the bottom, then dark rib template can be served as in the base, can further reduce construction cost.

Feature of the present invention also is sidewall and upper plate on every side, be connected to gluing, welding, wire connection, snapping, clamping, riveted joint, hinged, perforation anchor connection or global formation or above-mentioned combination between going to the bottom.Like this, the making of shuttering member is more convenient easily, and cost is lower.

Feature of the present invention also is to be provided with in the die housing a slice stiffening rib at least, and stiffening rib is solid or hollow.Like this, the intensity and the rigidity of formwork are further strengthened, and are specially adapted to shuttering member and participate in stressed bigger occasion.

Feature of the present invention is that also there is reinforcing rib the side of stiffening rib.Like this, the intensity of stiffening rib and rigidity improve, but the thickness of attenuate stiffening rib correspondingly, and material is saved in weight reduction.

Feature of the present invention also is upper plate, the surface of sidewall, lower shoe, stiffening rib, reinforcing rib is fixed or is pasted with reinforcing band or strengthens surface layer on every side, reinforcing band or enhancing surface layer are metal sheet, carbon fiber board, glass epoxy, cloth, fibrous mesh cloth or steel wire, and perhaps reinforcing band or enhancing surface layer also have the anchoring pin simultaneously.Like this, the intensity and the rigidity of formwork improve greatly, its integral body stressed, transmission force property is better.

Feature of the present invention is that also an end of three-dimensional formwork is thinner, and the other end is thicker, perhaps go to the bottom or stiffening rib one end thinner, the other end is thicker.This kind formwork is applicable near wall, post, beam limit; To then correspondingly improve effective converting thickness of concrete than a thin end near wall, post, beam limit during construction.

Feature of the present invention also is to go to the bottom, upper plate, in sidewall, rod member, reinforcing rib, the stiffening rib reinforce is arranged on every side, and reinforce is fiber, fibrous mesh cloth, cloth, nonwoven, reinforcing bar, steel mesh reinforcement, gauze wire cloth, prestressed reinforcement or its combination.Like this, owing in the formwork reinforce is arranged, thereby its intensity, rigidity, impact toughness improves greatly, and whole stressed, transmission force property is greatly improved.

Reinforcing bar in feature of the present invention also is to go to the bottom in reinforcing bar and rod member or the stiffening rib is connected.Like this, the overall performance of formwork, stressed transmission force property are better.

Feature of the present invention is that also the interior stiffening rib of die housing is from sidewall or upper plate are extended with the dew anchor rib or reveal net or reveal rib on every side.Like this, bonding and build-in between stiffening rib and the Cast-in-place concrete are better, and stress performance, globality improve.

Feature of the present invention is that also the face shaping of three-dimensional formwork is cuboid, square, pentagon body, hexagon body, cylinder or obform body.Like this, design and construction unit can select as required flexibly, makes things convenient for design and construction.

Feature of the present invention is that also upper plate and sidewall on every side are plastic foil, plastic plate, composite membrane, GRC plate, metal crimp template, cement fibrolite plate, cellular board, perspex steel, waterproof board, sawdust board, concrete plate or mortar plate.

Feature of the present invention is that also the concrete plate is reinforcing bar or steel wire concrete plate.

Feature of the present invention is that also rod member is reinforcing bar mortar bar, steel bar concrete bar, steel pipe, sheetmetal concrete bar, prestressing force bar, ring bar, fiberglass rod, GRC bar, carbon fiber bar, reinforcing bar, plastic bar, vertical masonry joint metal tube, spirally-seamed metal tubing, steel wire webmaster, glass fiber stringing, glass reinforced plastic pipe, tube wall perforated pipe, composite metal-plastic pipe, hollow concrete mortar pipe, reinforcing bar light weight concrete construction enhancement mode pipe or steel pipe concrete pipe.Can give full play to steel pipe tension and the measuring body advantage separately of concrete as the steel pipe concrete bar, eliminate the defective easy to break of ultra-thin pipe, the unidirectional resistance to compression of concrete becomes the three-dimensional resistance to compression, and compressive strength can improve 3～8 times.

Feature of the present invention is that also three-dimensional formwork is provided with handle.Like this, construct, carry more convenient.

Feature of the present invention is that also three-dimensional formwork is provided with drag hook, wire drawing, suspender member, embedded iron parts, deep gouge, reserving hole, pre-buried conduit, junction box, water pipe, air chimney or their combination.Like this, more convenient follow-up construction, finishing.

Feature of the present invention also is to be provided with in the cavity soundproof course or is filled with light material, and light material is lightweight concrete or expanded perlite or expanded vermiculite or rock wool or foamed plastics.Like this, the sound insulation of formwork, insulation heat-insulating property are better, more are applicable to sound insulation, the adiabatic occasion of insulation.

Feature of the present invention also be rod member be upper plate, on every side sidewall or go to the bottom on reinforcing rib.

Feature of the present invention is worn the muscle hole in also being to go to the bottom.

(4) description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 1, and 1 is upper plate, 2 be around sidewall, 3 for going to the bottom, 4 is enclosed cavity, 5 is rod member, in other accompanying drawing, numbers identically, its explanation is identical.Shown in Figure 1, in formwork, be provided with 5,2 folding masts 5 of 5 uniform section straight-bars.

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 2, is provided with 4 curvilinear rod 5 in formwork.

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 3, and the rod member 5 that is provided with in formwork has uniform section straight-bar, the solid straight-bar of variable cross-section, upper shed hollow stem, cable.

Fig. 4 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 4, and a plurality of truss elements 6 are arranged in formwork.

Fig. 5 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 5, is provided with handing-over rod member 7 in formwork.

Fig. 6 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 6, outside die housing, be extended with the rod end 8 of rod member 5, and rod member 5 is hollow rod member, after formwork is applied in the Cast-in-place concrete floor, concrete can enter in the rod member 5, with rod member 5 mutual build-ins, will go to the bottom 3 with Cast-in-place concrete be connected to form integral body, the overall performance of its floor improves, and the formwork participation is stressed, transmission force property is better.

Fig. 7 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 7, is extended with the rod end 8 of rod member 5 outside die housing, and has and reveal anchor rib 9, and the shaft of rod member 5, they can with Cast-in-place concrete bond better form whole, formwork stressed, transmission force property is better.

Fig. 8 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 8, and a plurality of truss elements 6 in formwork have constituted truss 10, and the orthogonal thereto each other butt joint of truss element 6 engages arranges, is provided with rod member 5 improves truss 10 as diagonal brace globality simultaneously.

Fig. 9 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 9, and the cross sectional shape of rod member 5 is circular, also can be the square, I-shaped etc. of other.

Figure 10 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 10, and rod member 5 is the coupled pole that the stratiform of MULTILAYER COMPOSITE is strengthened.

Figure 11 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 11, and rod member 5 is interiorly to be the coupled pole of sheet steel pipe outward for steel bar concrete, or steel pipe also scribbles lumarith or fire resistant coating outward.

Figure 12 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 12, and rod member 5 is the compound rod of many round bars.

Figure 13 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 13, and coupled pole 5 is fixed with the coupled pole that strengthens surface layer 11 for the rod member surface, and also has anchoring pin 12 simultaneously on the enhancing surface layer 11.

Local enlarged diagram for Figure 13.

Figure 14 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 14, and coupled pole 5 strengthens surface layer 11 for the rod member surface is pasted with.

Figure 15 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 15, and truss 10 is a rope bar truss, and rod member 5 is extended with rod end 8.

Figure 16 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 16, and truss 10 is fixed quadrangle truss, and rod member 5 is extended with shaft.

Figure 17 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 17, and for truss 10 and upper plate 1 with 14 connect for glued being connected between 3 of going to the bottom, the connection 13 between the rod member 5 is a global formation.

Figure 18 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 18, and the truss 10 that constitutes for rod member 5 and upper plate 1 and being connected between 3 of going to the bottom 14 are the anchor connection of boring a hole, and the connection 13 between the rod member 5 is a global formation.

Figure 19 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 19, and push rod 5 omissions for truss 10 utilize upper plate 1 directly as push rod 5.

Figure 20 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 20, and bottom bar 5 omissions for truss 10 utilize and go to the bottom 3 directly as bottom bar 5.

Figure 21 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 21, for four sidewalls 2 on every side all have 2 boss 15, one side and 3 choose base 26 is arranged of going to the bottom.

Figure 22 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 22, for four sidewalls 2 on every side all have 2 boss 15, and in each boss 15 2 rod members 16 is arranged, and 3 two limits of going to the bottom are chosen base 26 is arranged.

Figure 23 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 23, and on the sidewall 2 solid reinforcing rib 17 being arranged on every side, and its thickness is up-small and down-big.

Figure 24 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 24, for reinforcing rib 17 is arranged on the upper plate 1, go to the bottom 3 around choose base 26 arranged.

Figure 25 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 25, is the reinforcing rib 17 that has height, thickness not to wait on the upper plate 1; Reinforcing rib 17 is arranged on the sidewall 2, also is rod member 5 simultaneously, and both unite two into one.

Figure 26 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 26, for upper plate 1 and on every side the external surface of sidewall 2 be the undaform external surface.

Figure 27 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 27, for upper plate 1 and on every side the external surface of sidewall 2 be plucking shape rough surface.

Figure 28 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 28, and the formwork that forms for upper plate 1 and sidewall 2 on every side is one deck cementitious matter 11 one deck cloth 12 superimposed each other layer structures more than two layers of one deck cementitious matter 11 again.

Figure 29 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 29, for upper plate 1 and on every side the formwork that forms of sidewall 2 be one deck truss 20 two-sided outer composite constructions of wrapping up in rete 21.

Figure 30 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 30, for upper plate 1 and on every side the formwork that forms of sidewall 2 be the composite construction that one deck honeycomb hole skeleton 22 single faces are wrapped up in rete 21 outward.

Figure 31 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 31, and for the upper plate 1 of formwork is the square peviform thing that 4 module components constitute with sidewall 2 on every side, the shaft of rod member 5 exposes on upper plate 1, and the anchor rib 9 of revealing is arranged on it.

Figure 32 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 32, is embedded with steel mesh reinforcement reinforce 23 for going to the bottom in 3, is embedded with gauze wire cloth reinforce 23 in upper plate 1 and the sidewall 2.

Figure 33 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 33, for upper plate 1, sidewall 2 and go to the bottom and be embedded with gauze wire cloth and fabric reinforcement 23 simultaneously in 3.

Figure 34 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 34,3 is extended with and reveals anchor rib 24 for going to the bottom, and also choosing simultaneously has base 26.

Figure 35 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 35,3 chooses to have and reveals net 25 for going to the bottom, and also choosing simultaneously has base 26.

Figure 36 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 36, for 3 bases of choosing 26 of going to the bottom are step, are extended with simultaneously and reveal anchor rib 24.

Figure 37 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 37, for 3 bases of choosing 26 of going to the bottom are zigzag, are extended with simultaneously and reveal anchor rib 24.

Figure 38 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 38, for 3 bases of choosing 26 of going to the bottom are hypotenuse shape, are extended with simultaneously and reveal anchor rib 24.

Figure 39 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 39,3 chooses base 26 is arranged for going to the bottom, and is extended with simultaneously and reveals net 25, and also be extended with fibre 27, anti-cracking cloth 28.

The local enlarged diagram on expression base 26.B-1 represents

An example of local enlarged diagram, expression base 26 is extended with fibre 27, anti-cracking cloth 28; B-2 also represents

Another example of local enlarged diagram, what stretched out on expression base 26 also can be a Cracking-proof belt sour jujube iron plate 29; B-3 also is expression Another example of local enlarged diagram, expression has a Cracking-proof belt sour jujube iron plate 29 on the base 26.

Figure 40 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 40, for sidewall 2 on every side and upper plate 1, being connected between 3 of going to the bottom 30 connect for glued.

Figure 41 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 41, for sidewall 2 on every side and upper plate 1, going to the bottom is connected 30 for being welded to connect between 3.

Figure 42 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 42, for being provided with the solid stiffening rib of a slice 31 in the die housing.

Figure 43 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 43, for being provided with the hollow stiffening rib of a slice 31 in the die housing.

Figure 44 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 44, for being provided with the hollow stiffening rib of a slice 31 in the die housing.

Figure 45 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 45, wears the solid stiffening rib 31 of reinforcing rib 32 for being provided with a slice both sides in the die housing.

Figure 46 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 46, wears the hollow reinforced rib 31 of reinforcing rib 32 for being provided with a slice both sides in the die housing.

Figure 47 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 47, wears the hollow reinforced rib 31 of reinforcing rib 32 for being provided with a slice both sides in the die housing.

Figure 48 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 48, for the face shaping of 3 D force bearing mould case is a cuboid.

Figure 49 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 49, for the face shaping of 3 D force bearing mould case is the hexagon body.

Figure 50 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 50, and for the right-hand member of 3 D force bearing mould case is thinner, left end is thicker.

Figure 51 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 51, reveals anchor rib 33 for stiffening rib 31 is extended with from upper plate 1.

Figure 52 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 52, for stiffening rib 31 from upper plate 1 and on every side sidewall 2 be extended with and reveal net 34.

Figure 53 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 53, reveals anchor rib 33 for stiffening rib 31 is extended with from upper plate 1.

Figure 54 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 54, reveals rib 35 for stiffening rib 31 is extended with from upper plate 1, and is extended with dew net 34 simultaneously; Go to the bottom and 3 choose base 26 is arranged, and the muscle 24 of revealing and a Cracking-proof belt sour jujube iron plate 29 are arranged.

Figure 55 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 55, for three-dimensional formwork is provided with handle 36.

Figure 56 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 56, for three-dimensional formwork is provided with drag hook 37, wire drawing 38.

Figure 57 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 57, for three-dimensional formwork is provided with wire drawing 38, suspender member 39, embedded iron parts 40.

Figure 58 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 58, for three-dimensional formwork is provided with deep gouge 41, reserving hole 42, air chimney 46.

Figure 59 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 59, for three-dimensional formwork is provided with pre-buried conduit 43, junction box 44, water pipe 45.

Figure 60 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 60, for the surface of the upper plate 1 of formwork and lower shoe 3 is pasted with reinforcing band 47, is fixed with on the sidewall 2 to strengthen surface layer 48, and anchoring pin 49 is arranged simultaneously.

Figure 61 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 61, and reinforcing bars and rod member 5 in 3 link to each other with reinforcing bar in the stiffening rib 31 in order to go to the bottom.

Figure 62 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 62, for being provided with soundproof course 50 in the formwork cavity 4.

Figure 63 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 63, for being filled with expanded perlite 51 in the formwork cavity 4.

Figure 64 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 64, is provided with the hole 52 of wearing muscle in 3 going to the bottom.

Figure 65 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 65, and the rod end 8 of revealing is arranged on boss 15, and the anchor rib 9 of revealing is arranged.

Figure 66 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 66, represents that also upper plate 1 and sidewall 2 on every side are one, will be with truss 10, going to the bottom 3 is about to connect into whole view, and it is gone to the bottom and 3 chooses base 26 is arranged, and the muscle 24 of revealing is arranged, reveals net 25.

Figure 67 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 67, and it is gone to the bottom and 3 chooses base 26 is arranged, and the net 25 of revealing is arranged.

Figure 68 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 68, and it is gone to the bottom and 3 chooses base 26 is arranged, and the shaft of the rod member 5 on the truss 10 stretches out outside the die housing.

Figure 69 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 69, and it is gone to the bottom and 3 chooses base 26 is arranged, and the shaft of the rod member 5 on the truss 10 stretches out outside the die housing.

Figure 70 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 70, and it is gone to the bottom and 3 chooses base 26 is arranged, and a Cracking-proof belt sour jujube iron plate 29 is arranged on the base.

Figure 71 amplifies the user mode structural representation for the part that Figure 70 C is ordered, rod member 5 is the upward opening hollow stem, be cast with cast-in-situ reinforced concrete in it, rod member 5 forms steel pipe steel bar concrete bar behind casting reinforced concrete, makes to go to the bottom by rod member 53 to be connected to form integral body with the cast-in-situ reinforced concrete of upper plate 1.

Figure 72 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 71, also be its go to the bottom 3 linked into an integrated entity with upper plate 1 with truss 10, the housing that forms of sidewall 2 is about to connect into whole view all around.

Figure 73 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 72, and its upper plate 1, going to the bottom 3 is extended with simultaneously and reveals muscle 24.

Figure 74 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 73, and its upper plate 1, going to the bottom 3 is extended with base 26 simultaneously, and is extended with and reveals net 25.

Figure 75 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 74, and the rod member 5 of the truss 10 in its cavity is extended with rod end 8 from four angles of formwork respectively.

Figure 76 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 75, and the rod member 5 of the truss 10 in its cavity is extended with rod end 8 from four angles of formwork respectively, and upper plate 1, goes to the bottom and 3 choose base 26 is arranged.

(5) specific embodiment

The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.

The present invention as shown in drawings, comprise upper plate 1, sidewall 2 and go to the bottom 3 on every side, upper plate 1, sidewall 2 and go to the bottom and 3 be connected to each other and constitute polyhedron enclosed cavity 4 on every side, rod member 5 more than at least one is arranged in cavity 4, it is characterized in that rod member 5 is curvilinear rod, folding mast, cable, the uniform section straight-bar, the solid straight-bar of variable cross-section, upper shed hollow stem or its combination, the perhaps combination of hollow straight-bar of variable cross-section and above-mentioned rod member, go to the bottom 3 or go to the bottom 3 with upper plate 1 choose the base, around the base 26 is zigzag, waveform, hypotenuse shape, step, perhaps base 26 also is extended with simultaneously and reveals anchor rib 24, reveal net 25, fiber exposure silk 27, anticracking grid cloth 28, a Cracking-proof belt sour jujube iron plate 29, dovetail shaped iron plate or pressure mesh iron plate or their combination.Fig. 1 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 1, and 1 is upper plate, 2 be around sidewall, 3 for going to the bottom, 4 is enclosed cavity, 5 is rod member, in other accompanying drawing, numbers identically, its explanation is identical.Shown in Figure 1, in formwork, be provided with 5,2 folding masts 5 of 5 uniform section straight-bars.Fig. 2 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 2, is provided with 4 curvilinear rod 5 in formwork.Fig. 3 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 3, and the rod member 5 that is provided with in formwork has uniform section straight-bar, the solid straight-bar of variable cross-section, upper shed hollow stem, cable.

Figure 36 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 36, for 3 bases of choosing 26 of going to the bottom are step, are extended with simultaneously and reveal anchor rib 24.Figure 37 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 37, for 3 bases of choosing 26 of going to the bottom are zigzag, are extended with simultaneously and reveal anchor rib 24.Figure 38 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 38, for 3 bases of choosing 26 of going to the bottom are hypotenuse shape, are extended with simultaneously and reveal anchor rib 24.Figure 39 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 39,3 chooses base 26 is arranged for going to the bottom, and is extended with simultaneously and reveals net 25, and also be extended with fibre 27, anti-cracking cloth 28.

The local enlarged diagram on expression base 26.B-1 represents

An example of local enlarged diagram, expression base 26 is extended with fibre 27, anti-cracking cloth 28; B-2 also represents

Another example of local enlarged diagram, what stretched out on expression base 26 also can be a Cracking-proof belt sour jujube iron plate 29; B-3 also is expression Another example of local enlarged diagram, expression has a Cracking-proof belt sour jujube iron plate 29 on the base 26.Figure 70 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 70, and it is gone to the bottom and 3 chooses base 26 is arranged, and a Cracking-proof belt sour jujube iron plate 29 is arranged on the base.Figure 71 amplifies the user mode structural representation for the part that Figure 70 C is ordered, rod member 5 is the upward opening hollow stem, be cast with cast-in-situ reinforced concrete in it, rod member 5 forms steel pipe steel bar concrete bar behind casting reinforced concrete, makes to go to the bottom by rod member 53 to be connected to form integral body with the cast-in-situ reinforced concrete of upper plate 1.

Feature of the present invention also be in die housing, to be provided with constitute by many rod members 5 at least more than one triangle rod member truss element 6 or more than two the handing-over rod member 7.Fig. 4 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 4, and a plurality of truss elements 6 are arranged in formwork.Fig. 5 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 5, is provided with handing-over rod member 7 in formwork.

Feature of the present invention is that also a plurality of truss elements 6 in the die housing constitute truss 10, truss element 6 is orthogonal thereto each other, oblique, parallel, shaped form engage, butt joint is arranged, perhaps three-dimensional spatial arrangement is perhaps gone back height layout straggly, perhaps above-mentioned combination simultaneously.Fig. 8 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 8, and a plurality of truss elements 6 in formwork have constituted truss 10, and the orthogonal thereto each other butt joint of truss element 6 engages arranges, is provided with rod member 5 improves truss 10 as diagonal brace globality simultaneously.Figure 72 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 71, also be its go to the bottom 3 linked into an integrated entity with upper plate 1 with truss 10, the housing that forms of sidewall 2 is about to connect into whole view all around.

Feature of the present invention is that also truss element 6 or truss 10 are rope bar truss, plane frame, space truss, space truss, the rod member truss that the fixed quadrangle of joint, pentagon, hexagon constitute.Figure 15 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 15, and truss 10 is a rope bar truss, and rod member 5 is extended with rod end 8.Figure 16 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 16, and truss 10 is fixed quadrangle truss, and rod member 5 is extended with shaft.

Feature of the present invention is that also the push rod 5 of truss element is upper plate 1 or the reinforcing rib on it 17, and perhaps bottom bar 5 is for going to the bottom 3 or the reinforcing rib on it 17, perhaps push rod 5, bottom bar 5 respectively simultaneously for upper plate 1, go to the bottom 3 or the reinforcing rib on it 17.Figure 19 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 19, and push rod 5 omissions for truss 10 utilize upper plate 1 directly as push rod 5.Figure 20 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 20, and bottom bar 5 omissions for truss 10 utilize and go to the bottom 3 directly as bottom bar 5.

Feature of the present invention also is to have in the formwork cavity 4 at least one rod member 5 to be extended with shaft or rod end 8 outside die housing or reveals anchor rib 9 or reveal net or concavo-convex mesh iron plate.Fig. 6 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 6, outside die housing, be extended with the rod end 8 of rod member 5, and rod member 5 is hollow rod member, after formwork is applied in the Cast-in-place concrete floor, concrete can enter in the rod member 5, with rod member 5 mutual build-ins, will go to the bottom 3 with Cast-in-place concrete be connected to form integral body, the overall performance of its floor improves, and the formwork participation is stressed, transmission force property is better.Fig. 7 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 7, is extended with the rod end 8 of rod member 5 outside die housing, and has and reveal anchor rib 9, and the shaft of rod member 5, they can with Cast-in-place concrete bond better form whole, formwork stressed, transmission force property is better.Shown in Figure 68, Figure 69, the shaft of rod member 5 stretches out outside the die housing.Figure 75 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 74, and the rod member 5 of the truss 10 in its cavity is extended with rod end 8 from four angles of formwork respectively.Figure 76 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 75, and the rod member 5 of the truss 10 in its cavity is extended with rod end 8 from four angles of formwork respectively, and upper plate 1, goes to the bottom and 3 choose base 26 is arranged.

The cross sectional shape that feature of the present invention also is rod member 5 for circle, annular, square, prolate type, hollow, ring is hollow, L shaped, flute profile, I-shaped, honeycomb hollow, porous shape, variable cross-section shape, perhaps simultaneously also along the axis reducing of rod member 5.Fig. 9 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 9, and the cross sectional shape of rod member 5 is circular, also can be the square, I-shaped etc. of other.

Feature of the present invention is that also rod member 5 is compound rod or coupled pole.Figure 10 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 10, and rod member 5 is the coupled pole that the stratiform of MULTILAYER COMPOSITE is strengthened.Figure 11 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 11, and rod member 5 is interiorly to be the coupled pole of sheet steel pipe outward for steel bar concrete, or steel pipe also scribbles lumarith or fire resistant coating outward.Figure 12 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 12, and rod member 5 is the compound rod of many round bars.

Feature of the present invention is that also coupled pole 5 is the surperficial coupled pole of fixing or being pasted with enhancing surface layer 11 of rod member, strengthening surface layer 11 is metal sheet roof covering, carbon fiber board, glass fiber reinforced plastic thin plate, fibre cloth, fibrous mesh cloth or steel fibre, perhaps strengthens to also have anchoring pin 12 or hole on the surface layer 11 simultaneously.Figure 13 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 13, and coupled pole 5 is fixed with the coupled pole that strengthens surface layer 11 for the rod member surface, and also has anchoring pin 12 simultaneously on the enhancing surface layer 11.

Local enlarged diagram for Figure 13.Figure 14 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 14, and coupled pole 5 strengthens surface layer 11 for the rod member surface is pasted with.

Feature of the present invention also be to interconnect between the rod member 5 self 13 or with upper plate 1 or sidewall 2 or being connected between 3 of going to the bottom 14 be splicing, welding, wire connection, snapping, clamping, riveted joint, hinged, perforation anchor connection or global formation or above-mentioned combination on every side.Figure 17 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 17, and for truss 10 and upper plate 1 with 14 connect for glued being connected between 3 of going to the bottom, the connection 13 between the rod member 5 is a global formation.Figure 18 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 18, and the truss 10 that constitutes for rod member 5 and upper plate 1 and being connected between 3 of going to the bottom 14 are the anchor connection of boring a hole, and the connection 13 between the rod member 5 is a global formation.

Feature of the present invention is that also around the formwork at least one sidewall 2 has at least more than one boss 15, and boss 15 is solid boss or hollow boss, or also is filled with light material in the hollow boss 15.Figure 21 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 21, for four sidewalls 2 on every side all have 2 boss 15, one side and 3 choose base 26 is arranged of going to the bottom.

Feature of the present invention also is to have the rod member 16 more than at least 1 at least one boss 15.Figure 22 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 22, for four sidewalls 2 on every side all have 2 boss 15, and in each boss 15 2 rod members 16 is arranged, and 3 two limits of going to the bottom are chosen base 26 is arranged.

Feature of the present invention also is to have on the boss 15 to be revealed anchor rib 9 or reveals rod end 8.Figure 65 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 65, and the rod end 8 of revealing is arranged on boss 15, and the anchor rib 9 of revealing is arranged.

Feature of the present invention also be sidewall 2 or upper plate 1 around or go to the bottom 3 at least one in or external surface reinforcing rib 17 is arranged, reinforcing rib 17 be hollow or solid, and just, consistency of thickness or do not wait.Figure 23 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 23, and on the sidewall 2 solid reinforcing rib 17 being arranged on every side, and its thickness is up-small and down-big.Figure 24 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 24, for reinforcing rib 17 is arranged on the upper plate 1, go to the bottom 3 around choose base 26 arranged.Figure 25 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 25, is the reinforcing rib 17 that has height, thickness not to wait on the upper plate 1; Reinforcing rib 17 is arranged on the sidewall 2, also is rod member 5 simultaneously, and both unite two into one.

Feature of the present invention also is upper plate 1 or sidewall 2 or both external surfaces are undaform, zigzag, impression shape, plucking shape rough surface on every side.Figure 26 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 26, for upper plate 1 and on every side the external surface of sidewall 2 be the undaform external surface.Figure 27 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 27, for upper plate 1 and on every side the external surface of sidewall 2 be plucking shape rough surface.

Feature of the present invention is that also formwork that upper plate 1 and sidewall 2 on every side form is one deck cementitious matter 18 one deck fibers or the cloth 19 superimposed each other layer structure more than two layers of one deck cementitious matter 18 again.Figure 28 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 28, and the formwork that forms for upper plate 1 and sidewall 2 on every side is one deck cementitious matter 18 one deck cloth 19 superimposed each other layer structures more than two layers of one deck cementitious matter 18 again.

Feature of the present invention is that also the formwork of upper plate 1 or sidewall 2 formation on every side is the composite construction that truss 20 single or double are wrapped up in rete 21 outward, or honeycomb hole skeleton 22 single or double are wrapped up in the composite construction of rete 21 outward.Figure 29 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 29, for upper plate 1 and on every side the formwork that forms of sidewall 2 be one deck truss 20 two-sided outer composite constructions of wrapping up in rete 21.Figure 30 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 30, for upper plate 1 and on every side the formwork that forms of sidewall 2 be the composite construction that one deck honeycomb hole skeleton 22 single faces are wrapped up in rete 21 outward.

Feature of the present invention is that also the upper plate 1 of formwork and sidewall 2 on every side are the single peviform thing of one or the peviform thing that constitutes more than two module components.Figure 31 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 31, and for the upper plate 1 of formwork is the square peviform thing that 4 module components constitute with sidewall 2 on every side, the shaft of rod member 5 exposes on upper plate 1, and the anchor rib 9 of revealing is arranged on it.

Feature of the present invention also be from go to the bottom 3 or upper plate 1 or both be extended with and reveal anchor rib 24 or reveal net 25 or be extended with both simultaneously.

Feature of the present invention also be to go to the bottom 3 or upper plate 1 or both outwards choose from sidewall 2 on every side simultaneously base 26 arranged.Figure 34 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 34,3 is extended with and reveals anchor rib 24 for going to the bottom, and also choosing simultaneously has base 26.Figure 35 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 35,3 is extended with and reveals net 25 for going to the bottom, and also choosing simultaneously has base 26.Figure 66 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 66, represents that also upper plate 1 and sidewall 2 on every side are one, will be with truss 10, going to the bottom 3 is about to connect into whole view, and it is gone to the bottom and 3 chooses base 26 is arranged, and the muscle 24 of revealing is arranged, reveals net 25.Figure 67 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 67, and it is gone to the bottom and 3 chooses base 26 is arranged, and the net 25 of revealing is arranged.Figure 68 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 68, and it is gone to the bottom and 3 chooses base 26 is arranged, and the shaft of the rod member 5 on the truss 10 stretches out outside the die housing.Figure 69 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 69, and it is gone to the bottom and 3 chooses base 26 is arranged, and the shaft of the rod member 5 on the truss 10 stretches out outside the die housing.Figure 73 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 72, and its upper plate 1, going to the bottom 3 is extended with simultaneously and reveals muscle 24.Figure 74 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 73, and its upper plate 1, going to the bottom 3 is extended with base 26 simultaneously, and is extended with and reveals net 25.Figure 76 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 75, and the rod member 5 of the truss 10 in its cavity is extended with rod end 8 from four angles of formwork respectively, and upper plate 1, goes to the bottom and 3 choose base 26 is arranged.

Feature of the present invention also is sidewall 2 and upper plate 1 on every side, being connected between 3 of going to the bottom 30 be gluing, welding, wire connection, snapping, clamping, riveted joint, hinged, bore a hole anchor connection or global formation or above-mentioned combination.Figure 40 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 40, for sidewall 2 on every side and upper plate 1, being connected between 3 of going to the bottom 30 connect for glued.Figure 41 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 41, for sidewall 2 on every side and upper plate 1, going to the bottom is connected 30 for being welded to connect between 3.

Feature of the present invention also is to be provided with in the die housing a slice stiffening rib 31 at least, and stiffening rib 31 is solid or hollow.Figure 42 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 42, for being provided with the solid stiffening rib of a slice 31 in the die housing.Figure 43 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 43, for being provided with the hollow stiffening rib of a slice 31 in the die housing.Figure 44 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 44, for being provided with the hollow stiffening rib of a slice 31 in the die housing.

Feature of the present invention is that also there is reinforcing rib 32 side of stiffening rib 31.Figure 45 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 45, wears the solid stiffening rib 31 of reinforcing rib 32 for being provided with a slice both sides in the die housing.Figure 46 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 46, wears the hollow reinforced rib 31 of reinforcing rib 32 for being provided with a slice both sides in the die housing.Figure 47 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 47, wears the hollow reinforced rib 31 of reinforcing rib 32 for being provided with a slice both sides in the die housing.

Feature of the present invention also is upper plate 1, the surface of sidewall 2, lower shoe 3, stiffening rib 31, reinforcing rib is fixed or is pasted with reinforcing band 47 or strengthens surface layer 48 on every side, reinforcing band 47 or enhancing surface layer 48 are metal sheet, carbon fiber board, glass epoxy, cloth, fibrous mesh cloth or steel wire, and perhaps reinforcing band 47 or enhancing surface layer 48 also have anchoring pin 49 simultaneously.Figure 60 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 60, for the surface of the upper plate 1 of formwork and lower shoe 3 is pasted with reinforcing band 47, is fixed with on the sidewall 2 to strengthen surface layer 48, and anchoring pin 49 is arranged simultaneously.

Feature of the present invention is that also an end of three-dimensional formwork is thinner, and the other end is thicker, perhaps go to the bottom 3 or stiffening rib 31 1 ends thinner, the other end is thicker.Figure 50 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 50, and for the right-hand member of 3 D force bearing mould case is thinner, left end is thicker.

Feature of the present invention also is to go to the bottom 3, upper plate 1, in sidewall 2, rod member 5, reinforcing rib, the stiffening rib reinforce 23 is arranged on every side, and reinforce 23 is fiber, fibrous mesh cloth, cloth, nonwoven, reinforcing bar, steel mesh reinforcement, gauze wire cloth, prestressed reinforcement or its combination.Figure 32 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 32, is embedded with steel mesh reinforcement reinforce 23 for going to the bottom in 3, is embedded with gauze wire cloth reinforce 23 in upper plate 1 and the sidewall 2.Figure 33 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 33, for upper plate 1, sidewall 2 and go to the bottom and be embedded with gauze wire cloth and fabric reinforcement 23 simultaneously in 3.

Feature of the present invention also is to go to the bottom, and the reinforcing bar in the reinforcing bars and rod member 5 or stiffening rib 31 is connected in 3.Figure 61 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 61, and reinforcing bars and rod member 5 in 3 link to each other with reinforcing bar in the stiffening rib 31 in order to go to the bottom.

Feature of the present invention is that also the interior stiffening rib 31 of die housing is from sidewall 2 or upper plate 1 are extended with dew anchor rib 33 or reveal net 34 or reveal rib 35 on every side.Figure 51 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 51, reveals anchor rib 33 for stiffening rib 31 is extended with from upper plate 1.Figure 52 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 52, for stiffening rib 31 from upper plate 1 and on every side sidewall 2 be extended with and reveal net 34.Figure 53 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 53, reveals anchor rib 33 for stiffening rib 31 is extended with from upper plate 1.Figure 54 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 54, reveals rib 35 for stiffening rib 31 is extended with from upper plate 1, and is extended with dew net 34 simultaneously; Go to the bottom and 3 choose base 26 is arranged, and the muscle 24 of revealing and a Cracking-proof belt sour jujube iron plate 29 are arranged.

Feature of the present invention is that also the face shaping of three-dimensional formwork is cuboid, square, pentagon body, hexagon body, cylinder or obform body.Figure 48 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 48, for the face shaping of 3 D force bearing mould case is a cuboid.Figure 49 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 49, for the face shaping of 3 D force bearing mould case is the hexagon body.

Feature of the present invention is that also upper plate 1 and sidewall 2 on every side are plastic foil, plastic plate, composite membrane, GRC plate, metal crimp template, cement fibrolite plate, cellular board, perspex steel, waterproof board, sawdust board, concrete plate or mortar plate.

Feature of the present invention is that also the concrete plate is reinforcing bar or steel wire concrete plate.

Feature of the present invention is that also rod member 5 is reinforcing bar mortar bar, steel bar concrete bar, steel pipe, sheetmetal concrete bar, prestressing force bar, ring bar, fiberglass rod, GRC bar, carbon fiber bar, reinforcing bar, plastic bar, vertical masonry joint metal tube, spirally-seamed metal tubing, steel wire webmaster, glass fiber stringing, glass reinforced plastic pipe, tube wall perforated pipe, composite metal-plastic pipe, hollow concrete mortar pipe, reinforcing bar light weight concrete construction enhancement mode pipe or steel pipe concrete pipe.

Feature of the present invention is that also three-dimensional formwork is provided with handle 36.Figure 55 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 55, for three-dimensional formwork is provided with handle 36.

Feature of the present invention is that also three-dimensional formwork is provided with drag hook 37, wire drawing 38, suspender member 39, embedded iron parts 40, deep gouge 41, reserving hole 42, pre-buried conduit 43, junction box 44, water pipe 45, air chimney 46 or their combination.Figure 56 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 56, for three-dimensional formwork is provided with drag hook 37, wire drawing 38.Figure 57 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 57, for three-dimensional formwork is provided with wire drawing 38, suspender member 39, embedded iron parts 40.Figure 58 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 58, for three-dimensional formwork is provided with deep gouge 41, reserving hole 42, air chimney 46.Figure 59 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 59, for three-dimensional formwork is provided with pre-buried conduit 43, junction box 44, water pipe 45.

Feature of the present invention also is to be provided with in the cavity 4 soundproof course 50 or is filled with light material 51, and light material 51 is lightweight concrete or expanded perlite or expanded vermiculite or rock wool or foamed plastics.Figure 62 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 62, for being provided with soundproof course 50 in the formwork cavity 4.Figure 63 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 63, for being filled with expanded perlite 51 in the formwork cavity 4.

Feature of the present invention is that also rod member 5 is upper plate 1, sidewall 2 or the reinforcing rib 17 on 3 of going to the bottom on every side.Figure 25 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 25, and reinforcing rib 17 is arranged on sidewall 2, also is rod member 5 simultaneously, and both unite two into one.

Feature of the present invention also is to go to the bottom and wears muscle in 3 with hole 52.Figure 64 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 64, is provided with the hole 52 of wearing muscle in 3 going to the bottom.

During the invention process, can make of steel bar concrete or gauze wire cloth concrete earlier and go to the bottom 3, with one deck cement gel ramming material one deck cloth again the layer structure more than two layers that is built up each other of one deck cement gel ramming material make required form upper plate 1 and around sidewall 2, make rod member 5 glued one-tenth truss 10 or the whole truss 10 that forms with the reinforced concrete mortar, use the glue gluing between each member each other, promptly form required three-dimensional formwork, formwork is in light weight, material is economized, and also has characteristics such as intensity height, simple in structure, convenient construction and transport simultaneously.

Claims (45)

1, a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete, comprise upper plate (1), sidewall (2) and go to the bottom (3) on every side, upper plate (1), sidewall (2) and go to the bottom (3) are connected to each other and constitute polyhedron enclosed cavity (4) on every side, rod member (5) more than at least one is arranged in cavity (4), it is characterized in that rod member (5) is curvilinear rod, folding mast, cable, the uniform section straight-bar, the solid straight-bar of variable cross-section, upper shed hollow stem or its combination, the perhaps combination of hollow straight-bar of variable cross-section and above-mentioned rod member, go to the bottom (3) or go to the bottom (3) and upper plate (1) chosen base (26), around the base (26) is zigzag, waveform, hypotenuse shape, step, perhaps base (26) also are extended with simultaneously and reveal anchor rib (24), reveal net (25), fiber exposure silk (27), anticracking grid cloth (28), a Cracking-proof belt sour jujube iron plate (29), dovetail shaped iron plate or pressure mesh iron plate or their combination.

2, a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete according to claim 1 is characterized in that being provided with at least one the triangle rod member truss element (6) or the rod member (7) that joins more than two that is made of many rod members (5) in die housing.

3, a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete according to claim 2, it is characterized in that a plurality of truss elements (6) in the die housing constitute truss (10), truss element (6) is orthogonal thereto each other, oblique, parallel, shaped form engage, butt joint is arranged, perhaps three-dimensional spatial arrangement.

4, a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete according to claim 3 is characterized in that truss element (6) or truss (10) are rope bar truss, plane frame, space truss, the rod member truss that the fixed quadrangle of joint, pentagon, hexagon constitute.

5, a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete according to claim 2, the push rod that it is characterized in that truss element is the reinforcing rib (17) on upper plate (1) or the upper plate (1), perhaps the bottom bar of truss element for go to the bottom (3) or go to the bottom (3) on reinforcing rib (17), perhaps the push rod of truss element, bottom bar respectively simultaneously for upper plate (1), go to the bottom (3) or the reinforcing rib on it (17).

6, a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete according to claim 1 is characterized in that having in the cavity (4) at least one rod member (5) to be extended with shaft or rod end (8) or dew anchor rib (9) or dew net or concavo-convex mesh iron plate outside die housing.

7, according to the described a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 6, the cross sectional shape that it is characterized in that rod member (5) is circle, annular, square, hollow, L shaped, flute profile, I-shaped, porous shape, variable cross-section shape, perhaps simultaneously also along the axis reducing of rod member (5).

8,, it is characterized in that rod member (5) is compound rod or coupled pole according to the described a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 6.

9, a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete according to claim 8, it is characterized in that coupled pole is that the coupled pole that strengthens surface layer (11) is fixed or is pasted with on the rod member surface, strengthening surface layer (11) is metal sheet roof covering, carbon fiber board, glass fiber reinforced plastic thin plate, fibre cloth or steel fibre.

10, a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete according to claim 8 is characterized in that coupled pole is that the coupled pole that strengthens surface layer (11) is fixed or is pasted with on the rod member surface, and strengthening surface layer (11) is fibrous mesh cloth.

11, a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete according to claim 8 is characterized in that coupled pole is that the coupled pole that strengthens surface layer (11) is fixed or is pasted with on the rod member surface, strengthens to also have anchoring pin (12) or hole on the surface layer (11) simultaneously.

12, according to the described a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 6, it is characterized in that interconnecting between the rod member (5) self (13) or with upper plate (1) or sidewall (2) or being connected between (3) (14) of going to the bottom be splicing, welding, wire connection, snapping, clamping, riveted joint, hinged, perforation anchor connection or global formation or above-mentioned combination on every side.

13, according to the described a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 6, sidewall (2) has at least one boss (15) around it is characterized in that around the formwork at least one, boss (15) is solid boss or hollow boss, or also is filled with light material in the hollow boss (15).

14, a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete according to claim 13 is characterized in that at least one boss (15) at least 1 rod member being arranged.

15, a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete according to claim 14 is characterized in that having on the boss (15) dew anchor rib (9) or reveals rod end (8).

16, according to the described a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 6, it is characterized in that at least one of sidewall (2) around or upper plate (1) or go to the bottom (3) or external surface has reinforcing rib (17), reinforcing rib (17) is hollow or solid, and height, consistency of thickness or do not wait.

17,, it is characterized in that upper plate (1) or sidewall (2) or both external surfaces are waveform, zigzag, impression shape, plucking shape rough surface on every side according to the described a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 6.

18,, it is characterized in that formwork that upper plate (1) and sidewall (2) on every side form is one deck cementitious matter (18) one deck fiber or cloth (19) the superimposed each other layer structure more than three layers of one deck cementitious matter (18) again according to the described a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 6.

19, according to the described a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 6, the formwork that it is characterized in that upper plate (1) or sidewall (2) formation on every side is the composite construction that truss (20) single or double is wrapped up in rete (21) outward, or honeycomb hole skeleton (22) single or double is wrapped up in the composite construction of rete (21) outward.

20,, it is characterized in that the upper plate (1) of formwork and sidewall (2) on every side are the single peviform thing of one or the peviform thing that constitutes more than two module components according to the described a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 6.

21,, it is characterized in that being extended with and reveal anchor rib (24) or reveal net (25) or be extended with both simultaneously from go to the bottom (3) or upper plate (1) or both according to the described a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 6.

22, according to the described a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 6, it is characterized in that going to the bottom (3) or upper plate (1) or both outwards choose from sidewall (2) on every side simultaneously base (26).

23,, it is characterized in that sidewall (2) is gluing, welding, wire connection, snapping, clamping, riveted joint, hinged, bore a hole anchor connection or global formation or above-mentioned combination with upper plate (1), being connected between (3) (30) of going to the bottom on every side according to the described a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 6.

24, according to the described a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 6, it is characterized in that being provided with in the die housing a slice stiffening rib (31) at least, stiffening rib (31) is solid or hollow.

25, a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete according to claim 24 is characterized in that there is reinforcing rib (32) side of stiffening rib (31).

26, a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete according to claim 25, it is characterized in that upper plate (1), the surface of sidewall (2), go to the bottom (3), stiffening rib (31), reinforcing rib is fixed or is pasted with reinforcing band (47) or strengthens surface layer (48) on every side, reinforcing band (47) or to strengthen surface layer (48) be metal sheet, carbon fiber board, glass epoxy, cloth or steel wire.

27, a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete according to claim 25, it is characterized in that upper plate (1), the surface of sidewall (2), go to the bottom (3), stiffening rib (31), reinforcing rib is fixed or is pasted with reinforcing band (47) or strengthens surface layer (48) on every side, reinforcing band (47) or to strengthen surface layer (48) be fibrous mesh cloth.

28, a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete according to claim 25, it is characterized in that upper plate (1), the surface of sidewall (2), go to the bottom (3), stiffening rib (31), reinforcing rib is fixed or is pasted with reinforcing band (47) or strengthens surface layer (48) on every side, reinforcing band (47) or strengthen surface layer (48) and also have anchoring pin (49) simultaneously.

29, a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete according to claim 24 is characterized in that an end of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete is thinner, and the other end is thicker, perhaps go to the bottom (3) or stiffening rib (31) one ends thinner, the other end is thicker.

30, a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete according to claim 25, it is characterized in that going to the bottom (3), upper plate (1), in sidewall (2), rod member (5), reinforcing rib, the stiffening rib reinforce (23) arranged on every side, reinforce (23) is fiber, cloth, nonwoven, reinforcing bar, steel mesh reinforcement, gauze wire cloth or its combination.

31, a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete according to claim 25, it is characterized in that going to the bottom (3), upper plate (1), in sidewall (2), rod member (5), reinforcing rib, the stiffening rib reinforce (23) arranged on every side, reinforce (23) is a fibrous mesh cloth.

32, a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete according to claim 25, it is characterized in that going to the bottom (3), upper plate (1), in sidewall (2), rod member (5), reinforcing rib, the stiffening rib reinforce (23) arranged on every side, reinforce (23) is a prestressed reinforcement.

33, a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete according to claim 30, the reinforcing bar in it is characterized in that going to the bottom (3) interior reinforcing bar and rod member (5) or the stiffening rib (31) is connected.

34, a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete according to claim 30 is characterized in that the interior stiffening rib (31) of die housing is from sidewall (2) or upper plate (1) are extended with dew anchor rib (33) or reveal net (34) or reveal rib (35) on every side.

35, according to the described a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 6, the face shaping that it is characterized in that stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete is cuboid, square, pentagon body, hexagon body or cylinder.

36,, it is characterized in that upper plate (1) and sidewall (2) on every side are plastic foil, plastic plate, composite membrane, GRC plate, metal crimp template, cement fibrolite plate, cellular board, perspex steel, waterproof board, sawdust board, concrete plate or mortar plate according to the described a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 6.

37, a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete according to claim 36 is characterized in that the concrete plate is reinforcing bar or steel wire concrete plate.

38,, it is characterized in that rod member (5) is reinforcing bar mortar bar, steel bar concrete bar, steel pipe, sheetmetal concrete bar, prestressing force bar, ring bar, fiberglass rod, GRC bar, carbon fiber bar, reinforcing bar, plastic bar, vertical masonry joint metal tube, spirally-seamed metal tubing, steel wire webmaster, glass fiber stringing, glass reinforced plastic pipe, tube wall perforated pipe, composite metal-plastic pipe, hollow concrete mortar pipe, reinforcing bar light weight concrete construction enhancement mode pipe or steel pipe concrete pipe according to the described a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 6.

39,, it is characterized in that stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete is provided with handle (36) according to the described a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 6.

40,, it is characterized in that stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete is provided with drag hook (37), wire drawing (38), suspender member (39), embedded iron parts (40), deep gouge (41), reserving hole (42), pre-buried conduit (43), junction box (44), water pipe (45), air chimney (46) or their combination according to the described a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 6.

41, according to the described a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 6, it is characterized in that being provided with in the cavity (4) soundproof course (50) or be filled with light material (51), light material (51) is lightweight concrete or expanded perlite or expanded vermiculite or rock wool or foamed plastics.

42,, it is characterized in that rod member (5) is upper plate (1), the reinforcing rib (17) on sidewall (2) or go to the bottom (3) on every side according to the described a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 6.

43,, wear muscle hole (52) in it is characterized in that going to the bottom (3) according to the described a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 6.

44, according to the described a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 6, the cross sectional shape that it is characterized in that rod member (5) is a prolate shape.

45, a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete according to claim 7 is characterized in that the hollow hollow or honeycomb hollow of ring that is.

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