CN100514381C - System and method for real time remote wireless monitoring slope landslide - Google Patents
System and method for real time remote wireless monitoring slope landslide Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a real-time long-range wireless monitoring system and its method for side slope and coast, and belongs to the field of preventing method of long-range real-time monitoring for side slope and coast disaster. The traditional long-range monitoring method or apparatus for coast disaster mainly refers that the information gained from monitoring and analyzing the surface displacement of side slope and the geology condition is transmitted or monitored. And the shortage thereof is that the transmitting and monitoring cannot be achieved before the displacement of a landside mass. The present invention adopts that a tip of an anchorage cable which is positioned above a glide plane is provided with a sensor, the monoblock prestressing of the anchorage cable on the part of a sliding shoe is transmitted, the signal is continuously collected, magnified, emitted, and received, and the computer and the software are used to deal with the received information according to the relation between the sliding force monitoring data of the side slope and the prestressing monitoring data of the anchorage cable, thus gaining the displaying method of the relation between the sliding force and the time, monitoring the condition of a slide mass in a real-time way, and accurately receiving the information of internal condition thereof in time, therefore the coast danger can be detected. At the same time, the present invention can also provides the information of ensured addition and maintenance of the anchorage cable, thereby preventing the waste and saving the cost.
Description
Technical field
A kind of system and method for real time remote wireless monitoring slope landslide relates to slope and land slide monitoring field, especially real-time radio remote monitoring slope and land slide disaster field.
Background technology
The rock mass on the slope or the soil body are owing under the influence of rock mass gravity, water and shaking force or other factors, along the whole downglide motion that slipping plane is done, promptly be the landslide.The sillar, the soil body that slide are called sliding mass; The bottom surface that rock mass, the soil body glide is a slipping plane; Below the slipping plane not slipper be sliding bed; The result that landslide disaster takes place is, topples over or a large amount of ground deposits that landing produces, causes that interruption of communication, villages and small towns bury, rivers obstruction, reservoir sedimentation even lead to huge geologic hazard.At present, the landslide monitoring instrument that is used for landslide disaster prediction and prevention and control all is the information that broken surface of sensing or monitoring limit or geological state detection analysis obtain, rather than side slope slides within face produces the information of STRESS VARIATION before slip, so have defectives such as information is untimely, inaccurate, thereby influence prevention and control landslide disaster promptly and accurately; Do not monitor simultaneously, so in to the actual monitoring on landslide and prevention, still do not have better to accomplish prevention ahead of time, save the control cost in conjunction with actual project situation yet.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is just in order to solve above-mentioned deficiency, utilize the relation between anchor cable prestress information and the slope sliding power, the landslide internal information is detected in real time, Information Monitoring is continuously collected, analyzed, thereby in time, find the danger that the slope and land slide disaster takes place accurately, and then prevention and control in time, avoid its generation or threat to life and property safety.Simultaneously, belong to wireless remote monitoring, data transmit and receive and are not subjected to distance limit, and can promptly and accurately recognize the actual conditions of slope anchorage, for guaranteeing the safety of side slope, provide information for increasing, keep in repair anchoring means, and save the control cost thus.
The present invention seeks to realize by following proposal:
A kind of system of real time remote wireless monitoring slope landslide, comprise sensing device, gather emitter, intelligent receiving and analyzing device, it is characterized in that: sensing device is arranged on the anchor cable end, and intelligent receiving and analyzing device comprises signal receiver and computing machine is formed, and described anchor cable is arranged in the side slope;
A kind of method of real time remote wireless monitoring slope landslide is characterized in that:
(1) sensing device is installed at external end head position, side slope anchor cable ground, anchor cable prestress signal is given sensing by this sensing device;
(2) by gathering that emitter is gathered signal that sensing device obtains and through emitter emission transducing signal;
(3) receive, store by the transducing signal of intelligent receiving and analyzing device emission;
(4) relation of utilization computer technology computing slope sliding power and anchor cable prestress monitor value and the graphic presentation of formation slope sliding power and time relationship on display screen.
This programme is based on the equilibrium of forces principle, set up between the relation of slope sliding power and monitoring anchor cable prestress and slipping plane friction resistance, and by the prestressed variation of long distance control system monitoring anchor cable, before rock mass has obvious distortion, landslide generation, in time monitor and catch the STRESS VARIATION in the rock mass.Stress and rock mass strength interact when producing distortion and displacement, and the variation of slope rock mass stress can be ahead of the stable state that side slope is judged in distortion.Like this, just can monitor the Global Information of sliding shoe more timely than direct displacement monitoring, more accurately, thereby can monitoring more accurately and timely come down the harm of prevention landslide.This system automatically, continuously, characteristics timely, can accurately and timely grasp the steady state (SS) of side slope, provide strong foundation to the science decision on reinforcing opportunity of instable slope.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 system principle process flow diagram
Fig. 2 anchor cable and sensing station synoptic diagram
Fig. 3 mechanics triangular plot
Fig. 4 side slope stable state Remote Monitoring Technology principle flow chart
Fig. 5 system topology figure
Fig. 6 monitoring of software program principle process flow diagram
Fig. 7 indoor heating system structural drawing
Fig. 8 outdoor system structural drawing
Fig. 9 Data Receiving program flow diagram
Figure 10 testing site monitoring curve figure
Wherein: anchor cable 1., anchor pier 2., sensor 3., transmitter 4., slope slide 5., the slope sliding face 6., the sliding bed of side slope 7., anchoring section 8., receiver 9.
Embodiment:
Be described further below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:
The system principle flow process is seen Fig. 1, and the network topology structure of system is seen Fig. 5, and native system is divided into two major parts: collection in worksite emission coefficient and long-range receiving and analyzing system.The collection in worksite emission coefficient comprises anchor cable, is installed on sensing device, collection emitter on the anchor cable, mainly finishes the automatic induction of anchor cable prestress variation, gathers automatically and launches data to Surveillance center's equipment automated wireless; Long-range receiving and analyzing system is that intelligent receiving and analyzing device comprises signal receiver and computing machine, mainly finish the automatic reception of on-the-spot teledata and received signal is sent into computing machine handle automatically, process computer can form the dynamic monitoring curve automatically, form the monitoring and warning curve according to the different early warning patterns of having discovered, the staff accurately, in time judges the steady state (SS) of the on-the-spot side slope of monitoring according to the monitoring and warning curve.
Slope sliding is destroyed face top and is called gliding mass 5., and 7. the bottom rock mass is called sliding bed, reinforce anchor cable 1. all to pass estimate slipping plane 6. with the anchoring of sliding bed, it is 7. inner that 2. anchor pier is arranged on sliding bed.Reinforce the 1. lasting increase of prestress appearance of anchor cable, illustrate that destruction trend is taking place to destroy or produced side slope.Produce tendency toward sliding slope failure speed can by reinforce anchor cable 1. the prestress rate of rise reflect.Therefore, monitor the 1. prestressed variation of slope reinforcement anchor cable in real time, can in time grasp the steady state (SS) of side slope.Side slope stable state Remote Monitoring Technology principle process is seen Fig. 6
As Fig. 2, what the present invention adopted is that 3. sensor is installed in anchor cable 1. position, termination (part ground outside), slide mass mass motion trend is converted to the drawing stress of anchor cable mass action power generation 1. sensor pressure is 3. given sensing.What Fig. 8 antenna adopted is the SMA interface, uses screw thread to fix.Sensor is installed a fast large-area hardboard 3. and between the ground, so that can overcome the thin-skinned stress sensing distortion that causes in ground.When 3. sensor works, import a strong excitation pulse signal by External cable to coil, because electromagnetic induction effect, be arranged near the vibratory string of coil and be subjected to the influence in inductive coil magnetic field that variable-current changes, vibrate, thereby cutting magnetic field produces induction current in coil, feed back to measuring system by External cable, determine the vibration frequency of vibratory string, calculate current pressure by vibration frequency again.The 3. required excitation signal of sensor is provided by measuring system,
The single-chip microcomputer that the collection emitter is selected for use is the LPC2103 of PHILIPS company, and this is based on an ARM7TDMI-S CPU who supports real-time simulation, and has the high speed Flash storer of 8kB and 32kB embedding.Single-chip microcomputer itself has minimum size and extremely low power consumption, is fit to the requirement of native system.3. sensor is stimulated the feedback signal that produces through sending into the P0 mouth of single-chip microcomputer after the shaping, frequency to signal is measured, measuring principle is as follows: use a timer and a counter in the measuring process, the pulse in 12 cycles is caught in design in the program of native system, counter produces behind full 12 pulse signals of meter and interrupts, the timing of termination timing device is calculated the frequency of signal according to the timing result of timer, deposits among the RAM of single-chip microcomputer; Because what 3. sensor adopted is three string wires, so this process triplicate, each measure different strings, get its mean value after drawing three string wires oscillation frequency separately, give the signal sending system device this mean value as net result then and send.With 3. signals collecting, storage, the amplification of this sensor, by 4. wireless transmit and receiving in the monitoring host computer computing machine of transmitter, module is put provides a GSC interface to be used for external antenna.External antenna at first should connect the SMA radio-frequency maser, is connected to the TC35i module by radio-frequency maser then.For enhancing signal and be convenient to install, native system adopts the GSM antenna of sucked type.
The monitoring anchor cable 1. prestress change with slope sliding power, rock mass geometric parameter, mechanics parameter between principle concern as follows:
The funtcional relationship of mechanics triangle power is as follows shown in Fig. 3 (b)
P
t＝p·cos(α+θ) (3-1)
P
n＝p·sin(α+θ) (3-2)
In the formula:
P---monitoring anchor cable stress, i.e. remote monitoring value (KN);
α---slipping plane and horizontal plane angle (
0);
θ---anchor cable reinforcing angle (
0).
The funtcional relationship of mechanics triangle power is as follows shown in Fig. 3 (c)
G
t=G·sinα
(3-3)
G
n=G·cosα
(3-4)
In the formula:
G---gliding mass deadweight (KN);
G
t--the deadweight of-gliding mass is along the tangential component (KN) of slipping plane;
G
n--the deadweight of-gliding mass is along the normal component (KN) of slipping plane.
Side slope be in face sliding ultimate limit state and before, have for tangential each power of slipping plane:
F wherein
φBe the friction resistance (KN) that gliding mass is subjected to slipping plane, have according to Coulomb law:
F
φ＝(P
n+G
n)·tgφ+C (3-6)
With formula 3-2 and 3-4 substitution formula 3-6, and formula 3-1,3-3 and 3-6 substitution formula 3-5 put in order:
G
t＝P·[cos(α+θ)+sin(α+θ)·tgφ]+G·cosα·tgφ+C
(3-8)
In the formula:
Each soil layer angle of internal friction weighted mean value of φ---slope sliding body (
0);
C one slipping plane soil layer cohesive strength sum (KN).
Formula 3-7 has expressed the relation of side slope anchor cable prestress variation with slope rock mass geometrical property and mechanics parameter.Formula 3-8 has expressed the relation between slope sliding power and the remote monitoring value, for a certain side slope landing body be the normal function of volume and unit weight from gravity, under the constant situation of character such as slope ground body water content, sliding force is a constant.Along with slope sliding is destroyed the formation of face and the generation of slide displacement, the friction resistance that the landing body is subjected to be caused by internal friction and cohesive strength on the slipping plane reduces gradually, and anchor cable prestress just increases gradually.The prestressed variation of monitoring anchor cable can be reacted the change of sheer strength between slope slide and the sliding bed, thereby has reacted the variation of slope stability.
Fig. 4 is a side slope stable state Remote Monitoring Technology principle flow chart, the indoor and outdoor system architecture is seen Fig. 7, Fig. 8, and the Data Receiving program circuit is seen Fig. 9,9. monitors main frame as Fig. 8 receiver and connects, 9. watchdog routine on the monitoring host computer is controlled receiver, realizes Data Receiving.Receiver control is 9. realized by instructing to its serial ports transmission AT.Side slope stable state Remote Monitoring Technology principle process is seen Fig. 6.In the monitoring main frame of Fig. 8 the Data Receiving program is installed, this program is used for communicating with the hardware receiving equipment, and equipment is carried out some be provided with, the data that accepting device transmits, and it is deposited in the database, use for analysis and processing program.
Example 1 is chosen the slope monitoring of the western open-pit mine stope northwestward
Test monitoring adopts φ 15.24mm underrelaxation steel strand wires with anchor cable, and its standard tensile strength is 1860Mpa.Anchor cable boring aperture 110mm, 67 meters of check point 1 monitoring anchor cable length, 57 meters of monitoring point 2 monitoring anchor cable length, 8.5 meters of the anchorage lengths of anchor cable, it is 7. inner that 2. anchor pier is arranged on sliding bed.3. sensor is installed in position, anchor cable termination (part outside the ground), the pressure that the drawing stress that slide mass mass motion trend is produced the mass action power of anchor cable is converted to sensor gives sensing, the JXL-3 type steel chord type load transducer that sensor adopts Dandong City legendary small dragon with horns sensor manufacturing company to produce, it adopts unicoil, there are three string wires inside, is 120 degree angles and is distributed on the sensor anchor ring.
This test site is between 4700 to 5100 sections, test 400 meters of sloping body lengths, the test side slope is from 83 meters of 467.00 meters to 548.00 meters overall heights of elevation, the pre-sloping body that slides is from 65 meters of 483.00 meters to 548.00 meters height of elevation, two monitoring points of 10 meters of horizontal intervals are set from (548.00 meters of elevations) downward 52 meters, top, slope (496.00 meters of elevations), and 2. two anchor cable anchor piers of two monitoring points locate to be provided with respectively remote supervision system.
In the process of the test to 483.00 meters to 496.00 meters totally 13 meters high sloping body step excavate, the North and South direction of excavation regions from 4800 sections to 5060 sections, totally 260 meters of length, 28.8 meters of east-west direction mean breadths, 40 meters of its maximum width at.Carry out variation of anchor cable prestress and slope displacement monitoring in the process of the test.Prestress change by remote supervision system carry out continuously, in real time, monitoring automatically, and by long-range receiving processing system formation stress time change curve.
3. sensor is stimulated the feedback signal that produces through sending into the P0 mouth of single-chip microcomputer after the shaping, single-chip microcomputer is the LPC2103 of PHILIPS company, this is based on an ARM7TDMI-S CPU who supports real-time simulation, and has the high speed Flash storer of 8kB and 32kB embedding.Single-chip microcomputer itself has minimum size and extremely low power consumption, is fit to the requirement of native system.Frequency to signal is measured, measuring principle is as follows: use a timer and a counter in the measuring process, the pulse in 12 cycles is caught in design in the program of native system, counter produces behind full 12 pulse signals of meter and interrupts, the timing of termination timing device, calculate the frequency of signal according to the timing result of timer, deposit among the RAM of single-chip microcomputer; Single-chip microcomputer and transmitter 4. TC35i module communicate together by serial ports, reach the control function of system to this module with this.The ZIF that the TC35i module is used (Zero Insertion Force as 40pin0.5mm, zero resistance socket) interface, native system adopts 40pin gang socket corresponding with it, adopts the TennRich-s flat wire between two sockets, as transmitting data and power supply being provided.Because what 3. sensor adopted is three string wires, so this process triplicate, the different string of each measurement, get its mean value after drawing three string wires oscillation frequency separately, then this-mean value transmits 4. wireless transmit and receiving in the monitoring host computer of transmitter as net result, 4. transmitter adopts the high-performance gsm module TC35i that selects for use German SIEMENS company to produce to realize the transmission of Monitoring Data, be operated under the GSM network environment of 900MHz/1800Mhz, operating voltage is 3.3V-4.8V, running current is 300mA, peak point current is 500mA-1000mA, and the temperature range of work is-25 ℃-70 ℃.The TC35i module is used the 40pinZIF interface, supports the AT Command Set of standard, and native system is controlled by sending corresponding AT it and ordered and realize.Module is put provides a GSC interface to be used for external antenna.External antenna at first should connect the SMA radio-frequency maser, is connected to 4. TC35i module of transmitter by radio-frequency maser then.For enhancing signal and be convenient to install, native system adopts the GSM antenna of sucked type.Receiver antenna 9. adopts sub-miniature A connector equally, and 9. with between monitoring host computer receiver adopts the RS232 mouth to be connected.9. receiver itself has adopted the external GSM Modem of Beijing Hua Tengtong space HT-XCM type, its core remains the TC35i module that adopts in transmitter, use RS232 (being serial ports) to be directly connected to monitoring host computer, on monitoring host computer, there is monitoring of software 9. to control, receiver control is 9. realized by instructing to its serial ports transmission AT receiver.Monitoring of software program principle flow process is seen Fig. 6.Test remote monitoring program reception interface is seen Figure 10, clicks " monitoring point 1 " or " monitoring point 2 " button in the interface and can eject dynamic monitor stress-time curve interface.For example the monitoring curve of monitoring point 2 is seen Figure 11, and the each point among the figure has been represented each different typical case constantly, and implication is as follows:
A point representative: monitoring zero-time (2006.11.8);
B point representative: forecast (2006.11.25) for the first time;
The representative of C point: the forecast back was sent early warning (2006.12.6) for the first time on the 12nd day;
The representative of D point: early warning for the second time, side slope is found the discontinuous crack of trailing edge (2006.12.15);
The representative of E point: early warning for the third time, discontinuous crack develops into continuous crack, actual crack mean breadth 0.15m, the both sides, crack produce the 0.08m drop;
The representative of F point: the 4th early warning, actual crack mean breadth 0.3m, the both sides, crack produce 0.33m drop (2007.1.9);
The representative of G point: the slide mass sliding speed is obviously accelerated, actual crack mean breadth 0.5m, and the both sides, crack produce the 0.86m drop, extensive landslide characteristics occur, and slope rock mass large volume landing thing is buried monitoring equipment, and the message interrupts monitoring finishes (2007.1.14);
Monitoring result: finally significant slip crack occurs and finish with slope rock mass, discontinuous crack appears in preceding 30 days side slope rock mass top of off-test, crackle links up gradually and develops into the crack, changes the last slide mass that forms along with the test period continuity produces the discrepancy in elevation gradually.Slide mass planar range length reaches 96 meters during off-test, and slope rock mass top fracture width reaches 0.5 meter, and drop reaches 0.86 meter.
Example 2: Tai Yan mountain range bealock slope monitoring
19 meters of Tai Yan mountain range bealock cutting depths, on the side slope surface of excavation back two steps are set, the side slope transversal section is provided with six rows and reinforces anchor cable, left side side slope anchor cable design reinforcement prestress 750KN, right side side slope anchor cable design reinforcement prestress 600KN, along 4 meters of level line direction anchor cable spacings, at the side slope highest point 6 rows are set perpendicular to the level line direction and reinforce anchor cable.According to the Monitoring Data curve display of each point, side slope anchor cable bearing capacity has safety margin, and not than great fluctuation process, curve does not steadily continue high trend, shows that anchor cable reinforcing area slope rock mass is in the safety and stability state.
To sum up, use by site test, when fully having verified the accuracy, real-time of this remote supervision system and practicality, also obtained side slope by steady state (SS) excessively to critical conditions in the process on landslide, the prestressed Changing Pattern of monitoring anchor cable is for the prediction of coming down provides reliable data message.
The present invention has obtained good effect in the practical application test.Prove through monitoring successful examples, before the landslide takes place, promptly monitored tangible abnormal signal, can determine dangerous degree and predict landslide disaster in time, exactly.Simultaneously, owing to measured the slope anchorage state accurately, the anchor cable quantity that former preparation increases is controlled the tens million of units of saving fund.
Claims (2)
1, a kind of system of real time remote wireless monitoring slope landslide, comprise: sensing device, collection emitter, long-range receiving and analyzing device, it is characterized in that: described sensing device comprises an end and passes through slipping plane (6) and be anchored at sliding bed (7) and go up anchor cable (1) and be sleeved on and cover the load-type sensor (3) that anchor cable (1) is positioned at the outer end, ground, gather emitter and comprise single-chip microcomputer and the transmitter (4) that can realize the remote live emission, long-range receiving trap comprises signal receiving device (9) and the computing machine of corresponding software is housed;
And
When 1) described anchor cable (1) is positioned at outer end, ground installation load-type sensor (3), the steel plate of 1～2m * a 1～2m is set between sensor and ground;
2) select transmitter (4) under the GSM network environment that can be operated in 900MHz/1800MHz for use;
3) long-range receiving trap comprises respective signal receiving trap (9) and computing machine, and the utilization calculation procedure is set up the corresponding curve map that concerns real-time change and historical data of the actual diagram in monitoring point and demonstration slope sliding power and anchor cable prestress monitor value on computers on the screen.
2, a kind of method of real time remote wireless monitoring slope landslide comprises the slope sliding signal is given sensing, collection and emission that long-range reception transmits and uses Computing signal and sliding relation; It is characterized in that:
1) in side slope anchor cable (1) is installed, is made the one end pass slipping plane and be anchored at and slide on the bed, the other end is positioned at outside the ground, requires to apply corresponding pretightning force according to side slope situation and sensing device;
2) sensing device is installed at external end head position, side slope anchor cable ground, anchor cable prestress signal is given sensing by this sensing device;
3) by gathering that emitter is gathered signal that sensing device obtains and through emitter emission transducing signal;
4) receive, store by the transducing signal of intelligent receiving and analyzing device emission; The relation of utilization computer technology computing slope sliding power and anchor cable prestress monitor value and the graphic presentation of formation slope sliding power and time relationship on display screen;
And,
The pass of described slope sliding power and anchor cable prestress monitor value is:
G
i=P[cos (α+θ)+sin (the tg φ of α+θ)]+Gcos α tg φ+C wherein,
G
i--the deadweight of-gliding mass is along the tangential component (KN) of slipping plane;
P---monitoring anchor cable stress, i.e. remote monitoring value (KN);
α---slipping plane and horizontal plane angle (
0);
θ---anchor cable reinforcing angle (
0);
Each soil layer angle of internal friction weighted mean value of φ---slope sliding body (
0);
C---slipping plane soil layer cohesive strength sum (KN).
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| CNB2007101191256A CN100514381C (en) | 2007-07-16 | 2007-07-16 | System and method for real time remote wireless monitoring slope landslide |
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| CN114047066B (en) * | 2022-01-12 | 2022-04-12 | 中国地质调查局水文地质环境地质调查中心 | Method and device for monitoring landslide deformation |
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