CN101806591A - Three-dimensional displacement monitoring method for landslide mass - Google Patents
Three-dimensional displacement monitoring method for landslide mass Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a three-dimensional displacement monitoring method for a landslide mass. The method comprises the following steps: a. drilling to bedrock with the prior art, wherein the aperture phi is 75mm, embedding a metal pipe in the drilled hole, and consolidating the periphery with cement; b. connecting short section probes in series, then putting the short section probes into a buried metal pipe, measuring and comparing every 0.5m of measuring points, searching for a three-dimensional displacement mutation point at a corresponding sliding belt position, monitoring the appearance of the three-dimensional displacement mutation point at an unstable sliding body position for a certain period, taking out the short section probes, connecting a sliding mass three-dimensional displacement monitor probe and a packaged three-dimensional acceleration displacement probe in series in a directional manner, putting the short section probes into the corresponding unstable mutation point position of the sliding mass in the metal pipe, fixing the short section probes, and carrying out fixed monitoring; c. and the data change value after the metal tube is deformed is transmitted to a landslide mass three-dimensional displacement monitor installed on the ground in real time through data remote transmission in a small radio station type wireless internet GPRS transparent communication mode.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of monitoring method of monitoring of geologic hazard, especially a kind of three-dimensional displacement monitoring method for sliding mass.
Background technology
The research of sliding mass three-D displacement automatic monitoring system belongs to " National Program for Medium-to Long-term Scientific and Technological Development (2006-2020) " geologic media and the geologic hazard monitoring and prediction of geologic hazard field is theoretical and the preferential theme of technical method.
China's geologic hazard monitoring and prediction method is that surface deformation monitoring and deep horizontal displacement monitoring are in the majority at present.Surface deformation monitoring will lag behind the deep horizontal displacement monitoring, that is to say just to rely on data that surface deformation monitoring is surveyed, and its prediction will lag behind the prediction of deep horizontal displacement.Existing China monitoring deep displacement orientation mainly is the monitoring method of clinograph, as Chinese invention patent ZL89107850.9 number disclosed a kind of high-accuracy gradiometer for drilling, be a kind of instrument that industries such as geology, mine, building, prospecting are measured the bore inclining degree that is used for.Form by display monitor central monitoring system, controller, winch, pulley, probe and reading plate.Electronics target surface sweep circuit is by amplifying, be transported on the display monitor central monitoring system by vision cable, being about to the hole reflects the bubble number of turns of hole deviation drift angle down and reflects that the azimuthal compass of hole deviation is by light-electrical-optical conversion, be shown to exactly on the display monitor central monitoring system screen on ground, thereby can directly read drift angle and azimuthal numerical value, greatly improved deviational survey precision (drift angle error ± 10 second), easy and simple to handle, have certain advantage.Yet because the deviational survey pipe of this deviational survey method is at underground compressive deformation, surveying instrument can not descend measuring point, not energy measurement deep gliding mass slippage overall process.Again since the landslide main slide to differentiate be the people for pointing out, can not judge the glide direction that the gliding mass deep is real, and can not monitor the vertical sedimentation displacement of gliding mass deep, thereby this inclinator monitoring method can not reach the purpose of deep three-D displacement monitoring.At present water power dam and reservoir area of Three Gorges be because the distortion of deviational survey pipe, has hundreds of monitoring holes can not work and cancel, and caused a large amount of man power and materials' loss.It is main that China is still artificial timing acquiring mostly with the place of borehole inclinometer pipe, fails to realize real-time automatic monitoring and dynamic monitoring, and gliding mass slip data acquisition is untimely like this, and is incomplete, leak adopt more.Aspect realization landslide depth displacement monitoring method, the main both at home and abroad bore inclining method that adopts, promptly in boring, adopt and bury the sliding position that the effective inclinator of deviational survey is monitored the deep sliding mass underground, horizontal shift, slip velocity and exhausting a property sliding condition that the monitoring sliding mass slides, deep relative displacement distortion is going ahead of the rest of surface displacement distortion, both are closely-related, can predict landslide stability in advance to the monitoring of deep relative displacement distortion.The borehole inclinometer main manufacturer has the CX series clinograph of 33 cooperation research and developments of the Chinese water power academy of sciences and the Ministry of Aerospace Industry, the north BF5515 of instrument plant type slidingtype tiltmeter, the southern auspicious dam engineering monitoring NCX-IP of company type be the fixing tiltmeter of tiltmeter and the multipath transmission of NCX-1H (V) type fixedly.The 50302510 type clinographs (having movable and stationarity) that these products are produced with new (SINCO) company of the U.S., Canadian Luo Kekangsite (ROCLEST) RT-20 of company limited type tiltmeter etc. be major product in state-owned market preferably.The product of producing does not at present all have the performance of monitoring gliding mass three-D displacement both at home and abroad, states such as Japan and America and Europe are also adopting fixed borehole inclinometer to come down at present, deep displacement is out of shape automatic monitoring, but does not see the monitoring to landslide depth gliding mass three-D displacement.If can accurately monitor and gather in real time landslide depth gliding mass three-D displacement data variation value, the generation of its disaster of prediction and to the monitoring of sliding mass prevention and cure project all has crucial realistic meaning.Therefore, be badly in need of providing a kind of three-dimensional displacement monitoring method for sliding mass.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of three-dimensional displacement monitoring method for sliding mass.
A kind of three-dimensional displacement monitoring method for sliding mass of the present invention is characterized in that carrying out according to following steps:
A, hole to basement rock with prior art, aperture Φ 75mm adopts to have the metal tube that higher shearing strength has better elasticity and toughness again, is embedded in the boring, uses cement fixed on every side;
Be lowered in the buried metal pipe after b, the short-piece probes serial connection sliding mass three-D displacement monitor, measuring point of every 0.5m is measured comparison, seek the three-D displacement catastrophe point in corresponding sliding band position, after the unsettled gliding mass of process regular period monitoring tool position three-D displacement catastrophe point appears, take out short-piece probes, again with sliding mass three-D displacement monitor probe and the packaged directed serial of three-dimensional acceleration displacement probe, be lowered to and be placed in the metal tube corresponding gliding mass unsettled catastrophe point position and fix, carry out fixed sliding mass three-D displacement monitoring;
Data variation values such as three-D displacement after c, the metal tube distortion by the data remote of the transparent communication modes of the desk-top wireless Internet access GPRS of small electrical, are sent to surface-mounted sliding mass three-D displacement automonitor with data and gather in real time.
In the step a of the inventive method, the boring of described boring for adopting conventional drilling process to obtain, generally speaking, the end hole part of boring passes the sliding band of collapse landslide part and enters complete basement rock, for the ease of data processing thereafter, usually can bore and be upright opening, be inclined hole but also can bore where necessary.Steel pipe that described metal tube can generally adopt for existing deep displacement monitoring or geological casing pipe etc.The fixed purpose of described cement is to allow metal tube and boring country rock coupling mutually on every side.After sand-cement slurry is condensed, the stressed monitoring instrument that passes in the metal tube of country rock around just can will holing by this cement.The fixed water cement ratio of described cement will be determined ratio according to the rock soil mass property test of country rock, could be more accurate and country rock coupling mutually around the boring, and then ensure the stressed also more accurate monitoring instrument that passes in the metal tube of country rock around the boring.In the step b of the inventive method, the short-piece probes of described sliding mass three-D displacement automonitor promptly is existing leading portion three-dimensional acceleration displacement probe.Described sliding mass three-D displacement automonitor probe and the packaged directed serial of three-dimensional acceleration displacement probe promptly are meant existing leading portion three-dimensional acceleration displacement probe sensor and the latter made modified sliding mass three-D displacement automonitors of popping one's head in of storer more.It can adopt existing commercially available prod to reequip, and also can adopt spontaneous development product, as the applicant
200820223589.1Sliding mass three-D displacement automonitor patent of number utility application or the like.
In the step b of the inventive method, after the unsettled gliding mass of described process regular period monitoring tool position three-D displacement catastrophe point appears, take out short-piece probes, again with sliding mass three-D displacement monitor probe and the packaged directed serial of three-dimensional acceleration displacement probe, be lowered to and be placed in the metal tube corresponding gliding mass unsettled catastrophe point position and fix, carry out fixed sliding mass three-D displacement monitoring.Promptly can monitor in the position (gliding mass displacement catastrophe point) of needs monitoring exactly, do not carry out the ubiquity monitoring and do not need to waste a large amount of High Value Units, the effect of short-piece probes is to find the somewhere gliding mass displacement catastrophe point in the whole boring, and sliding mass three-D displacement monitor probe and packaged three-dimensional acceleration displacement probe are to carry out long-term on the gliding mass displacement catastrophe point of finding and accurate monitoring.So, method of the present invention just can be saved employed high value measuring equipment in geological exploration and the geological disaster forecasting significantly, and can more accurately obtain the information of most worthy fast.
In the step c of the inventive method, data variation values such as three-D displacement after the described metal tube distortion, by the data remote of the transparent communication modes of the desk-top wireless Internet access GPRS of small electrical, data are sent to surface-mounted sliding mass three-D displacement automonitor gather in real time.Be meant that promptly analog signal conversion such as three-D displacement after sliding mass three-D displacement automonitor is with the distortion of resulting metal tube are not only to be stored in the storer of self behind the datagram number, also the computing machine that sends ground to by existing wireless data transmission mode carries out analyzing and processing.This scheme displacement data is to get it by the each point 3 D deformation position shift value of measuring distortion back metal tube.By wireless data transmission, can use manpower and material resources sparingly in a large number, can obtain monitoring information the soonest, and when disaster takes place, can obtain " firsthand information ", the also corresponding certainly life security of protecting the monitoring personnel.
Research level of the inventive method and current domestic and international advanced level following characteristics are relatively arranged:
(1) real-time automatic monitoring landslide depth gliding mass slip three-D displacement changes simultaneously, determine sliding mass deep three-D displacement (being two-dimensional level slip, vertical sedimentation) and landslide slip intensity scale, be the important parameter of prediction landslide disaster, and domestic and international similar monitoring method and instrument all do not have this two monitorings.
In storeies of dynamic datas existence such as (be two-dimensional level is slided, the vertical sedimentation) distance that (2) can in real-time automatic monitoring, will come down slippage time, position, three-D displacement, this storer can follow the diffusing dimension of monitoring sliding mass displacement deformation overall process to slide that time up to play, reclaims the back inspection.This is that domestic and international similar monitoring method and instrument do not have.
(3) can surf the Net simultaneously again image data transmission fast on the net by real-time automatic monitoring.
Being compared with existing domestic and international monitoring technology method in landslide depth gliding mass monitoring technology method with this project by above-mentioned three characteristics is to have novelty and creativeness.Realize first that at home and abroad parameters such as sliding mass sliding time, position, three-D displacement (be two-dimensional level is slided, vertical sedimentation) distance monitor in landslide disaster generation overall process.In landslide depth three-D displacement deformation monitoring, adopt tape storage to follow the tracks of canned data, check the mark as the sliding posteriority of play and analyse the canned data foundation.In landslide depth three-D displacement deformation monitoring, realize online, transmit information on the net and watch monitoring parameter.
This method is to be used for studying the variation of sliding mass along sliding surface slip three-D displacement, and the parameter of main research has three:
The variation of three-D displacement when sliding mass slides, X and two axial horizontal shifts of Y and sliding mass vertical sedimentation displacement (Z-direction) were worth situation of change when promptly sliding mass slided.The displacement measurement unit is mm;
This method also is used for studying and adopts high-precision three-dimensional quartz flexible acceleration displacement meter, develops the real-time automatic monitoring instrument of sliding mass three-D displacement test; The real-time automatic monitoring technology method of research sliding mass three-D displacement test is comprising: research sliding mass slip three-D displacement parameter Changing Pattern with to the relation of Landslide Stability influence (or causing disaster); The technical method that robotization is gathered in real time and wireless transmission is surfed the Net of development monitoring gliding mass three-D displacement motion dynamic change; Research sliding mass slip three-dimensional acceleration displacement meter monitoring technology method is comprising: research sliding mass slip three-D displacement parameter Changing Pattern with to the relation of Landslide Stability influence (or causing disaster); Set up two testing sites and carry out open-air pilot production, finish the monitoring and prediction process; The required software of various surface instrumentations of research sliding mass three-D displacement motion parameter collecting and transmission; The mathematical model and the prediction model of research landslide gliding mass slip three-dimensional acceleration displacement parameter and the dynamic change of three-D displacement parameter.
Selecting of test detection site:
Test site should be selected in geology landslide disaster Yi Fa district and burst region, be embedded in landslide disaster the area can take place, this cover monitoring test system could guarantee the operational effect of omnidistance monitoring, the warning rule can effectively be verified and be explored to the parameter of being measured, as disaster does not take place, then can not guarantee monitoring effect.
Be chosen in suitable Shuifu County highway, Xichang-Panzhihua highway section etc. in Yaan, Sichuan Province Yucheng District, the Sichuan at present, these locations are landslide disaster Yi Fa district, burst region, often threaten people life security, block the traffic, grasp sliding mass slip three-D displacement Changing Pattern and acceleration change law of force by burying the omnidistance monitoring of monitoring system underground, explore the monitoring and warning value.
Main scientific and technological problem, difficult point and innovative point that this method solves:
1, solves the technology and the installation method of the three-dimensional monitoring of sliding of landslide gliding mass; Development realizes the employed sliding mass three-D displacement of the three-dimensional slip monitoring technology method of landslide gliding mass automonitor;
2, adopt the orientational coring method, determine the virgin state of sliding mass (landslide " sliding bed " inside " slumped mass ");
3, the variation of the three-dimensional slide displacement of solution different phase gliding mass influences with the relation of landslide slip intensity, rule and to Landslide Stability;
4, solve the influence of gliding mass three-dimensional slide displacement parameter variation in landslide to Landslide Stability;
5, set up the mathematical model and the prediction model of three-dimensional slip of sliding mass and the dynamic change of three-D displacement parameter.
By the change procedure and the rule of research sliding mass three-D displacement before and after the outburst of sudden disaster, adopting has data acquisition and storer, to the cause disaster tracking and monitoring of overall process of sliding mass.Research is monitoring and wireless Internet access technology automatically, realizes transmitting and checking monitoring parameter on the net, realizes the omnidistance monitoring in real time to sliding mass slip three-D displacement situation of change, and solving in the past can not be to the omnidistance problems of monitoring in real time of sliding mass three-D displacement.
Examination the present invention adopts the important technological parameters of instrument and instrument to be:
1, three-D displacement measurement range precision: more than the 0-2m, precision 3-5%.
2, the anti-hydraulic pressure strength of underground inserting tube: 3Mpa
3, environment temperature :-20 ℃ to+45 ℃
4, metering system: many probe tests
5, pulse is measured in the radio station: (frequency) 1～12GNZ
6, power supply: DC12V/TAH maintenance-free battery and 10W solar panel;
7, output: RS-232 data-interface wireless data sending platform passes to be sent out;
8, modulation system: FSK
9, demand frequency: 220MHZ
10, data rate: 1200bps or 2400bps
11, channel bit error rate :≤10-4;
12, working method: report certainly or reply and call survey together, unmanned automatically, real-time data acquisition storage, wireless telemetering remote control.
13, the transparent communication modes data transmission of wireless Internet access GPRS (or CDMA)
14, working method: report certainly or reply and call survey together, unmanned automatically, real-time data acquisition, the transmission of getting online without being tethered to a cable.
Method employing three-dimensional acceleration displacement meter of the present invention is placed in the sliding omnidistance three-D displacement value of being with the position to monitor sliding band slip in the boring, and the diffusing dimension change in displacement situation and the rule of gliding mass, studies the relation that it changes and gliding mass causes disaster.
Method of the present invention not only has existing all advantages of landslide depth monitoring method, also can solve the problem that exists on former monitoring method and the means.Promptly can realize omnidistance Real-time and Dynamic automatic tracking, monitoring by project verification research, not only the position of tracking and monitoring slip, the distance of slip, be the more important thing is the three-D displacement (being two-dimensional level and vertical sedimentation) that slides in energy tracking and monitoring landslide at the time of slip.And the project verification research project is provided with storer, in Monitoring Data whole process can being stored in, after this storer is found after the avalanche in the landslide, is convenient to further research landslide slip law of force, scale and the precautionary measures.
Method of the present invention is passed through the monitoring of parameters such as landslide gliding mass slip three-D displacement in landslide disaster generation overall process, and check the mark at the sliding posteriority of play and to analyse canned data, in the monitoring of sliding mass displacement deformation, realize online transmission information, can high density, the high-quality image data, accurately, " feature of landslide activity mechanism " forms a prompt judgement.Further improve and development ground landslide displacement deformation monitoring method, promote the development of landslide monitoring forecast system disaster reduction and prevention is significant.
Compared with the aforementioned existing similar products, a kind of three-dimensional displacement monitoring method for sliding mass of the present invention, realization solved in the past and can not the omnidistance problems of monitoring in real time of sliding mass three-D displacement be significant to disaster reduction and prevention the omnidistance monitoring in real time of sliding mass slip three-D displacement situation of change.
Content of the present invention further illustrates with the following Examples, but content of the present invention is not limited only to content related among the embodiment.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1: a kind of three-dimensional displacement monitoring method for sliding mass described in the present embodiment is characterized in that carrying out according to following steps:
A, hole to basement rock with prior art, aperture Φ 75mm adopts to have the metal tube that higher shearing strength has better elasticity and toughness again, is embedded in the boring, uses cement fixed on every side;
Be lowered in the buried metal pipe after b, the short-piece probes serial connection sliding mass three-D displacement monitor, measuring point of every 0.5m is measured comparison, seek the three-D displacement catastrophe point in corresponding sliding band position, after the unsettled gliding mass of process regular period monitoring tool position three-D displacement catastrophe point appears, take out short-piece probes, again with sliding mass three-D displacement monitor probe and the packaged directed serial of three-dimensional acceleration displacement probe, be lowered to and be placed in the metal tube corresponding gliding mass unsettled catastrophe point position and fix, carry out fixed sliding mass three-D displacement monitoring;
Data variation values such as three-D displacement after c, the metal tube distortion by the data remote of the transparent communication modes of the desk-top wireless Internet access GPRS of small electrical, are sent to surface-mounted sliding mass three-D displacement monitor with data and gather in real time.
Specific practice is:
Area to existing horizontal displacement monitoring hole, utilize the data information of monitoring holes to seek maximum triple motion variation catastrophe point, sliding mass three-D displacement monitor probe and the packaged directed serial of three-dimensional acceleration displacement probe are lowered into the unsettled three-dimensional catastrophe point of corresponding gliding mass position, and fix the whole process monitoring of carrying out fixed sliding mass three-D displacement.Anhydrous prosposition is moved the area of monitoring holes,,, be placed in the sliding band, and fix the whole process of carrying out fixed sliding mass three-D displacement and monitor the three-dimensional acceleration displacement meter that performs according to design boring separately.This sliding band will be confirmed according to geologic information and orientational coring data.But the data variation values such as three-D displacement after the measuring tube that the sliding mass three-D displacement monitor real-time automatic collecting that floor mounted is developed is voluntarily buried underground the distortion all can be gathered, are stored in the storer, by the data remote of the transparent communication modes of the desk-top wireless Internet access GPRS of small electrical.These scheme three-D displacement data are to get so can carry out large range measuring by the value of measuring the each point deformation place three-D displacement that is out of shape the back measuring tube.
Claims (1)
1. three-dimensional displacement monitoring method for sliding mass is characterized in that carrying out according to following steps:
A, hole to basement rock with prior art, aperture Φ 75mm adopts to have the metal tube that higher shearing strength has better elasticity and toughness again, is embedded in the boring, uses cement fixed on every side;
Be lowered in the buried metal pipe after b, the short-piece probes serial connection sliding mass three-D displacement monitor, measuring point of every 0.5m is measured comparison, seek the three-D displacement catastrophe point in corresponding sliding band position, after the unsettled gliding mass of process regular period monitoring tool position three-D displacement catastrophe point appears, take out short-piece probes, again with sliding mass three-D displacement monitor probe and the packaged directed serial of three-dimensional acceleration displacement probe, be lowered to and be placed in the metal tube corresponding gliding mass unsettled catastrophe point position and fix, carry out fixed sliding mass three-D displacement monitoring;
Data variation values such as three-D displacement after c, the metal tube distortion by the data remote of the transparent communication modes of the desk-top wireless Internet access GPRS of small electrical, are sent to surface-mounted sliding mass three-D displacement monitor with data and gather in real time.
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| CN106959095A (en) * | 2017-05-23 | 2017-07-18 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Geology internal displacement three-dimension monitor system and its Embedded installation method, measuring method |
| CN109853508A (en) * | 2019-03-15 | 2019-06-07 | 长江岩土工程总公司（武汉） | The measurement method of landslide or rock mass deformation in construction and excavation |
| CN109916369A (en) * | 2019-04-09 | 2019-06-21 | 招商局重庆交通科研设计院有限公司 | A kind of deep hole deformation automatic monitoring device and method |
| CN110132218A (en) * | 2019-04-17 | 2019-08-16 | 青岛理工大学 | Multi-grade early warning measuring method based on slope stability monitoring |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106959095A (en) * | 2017-05-23 | 2017-07-18 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Geology internal displacement three-dimension monitor system and its Embedded installation method, measuring method |
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| CN109916369B (en) * | 2019-04-09 | 2020-05-05 | 招商局重庆交通科研设计院有限公司 | Deep hole deformation automatic monitoring device and method |
| CN110132218A (en) * | 2019-04-17 | 2019-08-16 | 青岛理工大学 | Multi-grade early warning measuring method based on slope stability monitoring |
| CN110132218B (en) * | 2019-04-17 | 2020-11-17 | 青岛理工大学 | Multi-level early warning determination method based on slope stability monitoring |
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Application publication date: 20100818 |