CN100510572C - 一种用于跨临界co2制冷循环系统的滑片膨胀机的结构 - Google Patents

一种用于跨临界co2制冷循环系统的滑片膨胀机的结构 Download PDF

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CN100510572C
CN100510572C CNB2007100189954A CN200710018995A CN100510572C CN 100510572 C CN100510572 C CN 100510572C CN B2007100189954 A CNB2007100189954 A CN B2007100189954A CN 200710018995 A CN200710018995 A CN 200710018995A CN 100510572 C CN100510572 C CN 100510572C
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彭学院
杨炳春
刁安娜
孙少毅
邢子文
郭蓓
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Suzhou Haladane New Energy Co., Ltd.
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
    • F25B9/06—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point using expanders
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01C—ROTARY-PISTON OR OSCILLATING-PISTON MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01C1/00—Rotary-piston machines or engines
    • F01C1/30—Rotary-piston machines or engines having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F01C1/02, F01C1/08, F01C1/22, F01C1/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members
    • F01C1/34—Rotary-piston machines or engines having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F01C1/02, F01C1/08, F01C1/22, F01C1/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F01C1/08 or F01C1/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members
    • F01C1/344—Rotary-piston machines or engines having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F01C1/02, F01C1/08, F01C1/22, F01C1/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F01C1/08 or F01C1/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members with vanes reciprocating with respect to the inner member
    • F01C1/3441—Rotary-piston machines or engines having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F01C1/02, F01C1/08, F01C1/22, F01C1/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F01C1/08 or F01C1/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members with vanes reciprocating with respect to the inner member the inner and outer member being in contact along one line or continuous surface substantially parallel to the axis of rotation
    • F01C1/3442—Rotary-piston machines or engines having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F01C1/02, F01C1/08, F01C1/22, F01C1/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F01C1/08 or F01C1/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members with vanes reciprocating with respect to the inner member the inner and outer member being in contact along one line or continuous surface substantially parallel to the axis of rotation the surfaces of the inner and outer member, forming the working space, being surfaces of revolution
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01C—ROTARY-PISTON OR OSCILLATING-PISTON MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01C21/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in groups F01C1/00 - F01C20/00
    • F01C21/08—Rotary pistons
    • F01C21/0809—Construction of vanes or vane holders
    • F01C21/0818—Vane tracking; control therefor
    • F01C21/0827—Vane tracking; control therefor by mechanical means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C2210/00—Fluid
    • F04C2210/26—Refrigerants with particular properties, e.g. HFC-134a
    • F04C2210/261—Carbon dioxide (CO2)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2309/00—Gas cycle refrigeration machines
    • F25B2309/06—Compression machines, plants or systems characterised by the refrigerant being carbon dioxide
    • F25B2309/061—Compression machines, plants or systems characterised by the refrigerant being carbon dioxide with cycle highest pressure above the supercritical pressure

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种用于跨临界CO2制冷循环系统的滑片膨胀机的结构，包括一个气缸体，在气缸体的一端安装有左端盖，气缸体的另一端安装有轴承座，轴承座安装在底座上；气缸体的内腔中设置有转子，转子连接有转子轴，轴承内嵌在轴承座中；轴承的端部有轴承压盖，轴承压盖内有轴封，轴封通过右端盖压紧；转子与转子轴之间用键连接，轴向不固定，形成浮动结构，即转子在轴向能够自由移动；转子上还设有垂直布置的2对滑片，每对滑片之间通过连接杆相连，且连接杆与滑片中间布置有蝶形弹簧或圆柱弹簧。该滑片膨胀机结构紧凑、体积小、重量轻、能够有效防止滑片与气缸的脱离、泄漏小、摩擦低。

Description

一种用于跨临界CO2制冷循环系统的滑片膨胀机的结构
技术领域
本发明涉及一种动力机械，特别涉及一种用于跨临界CO2制冷循环系统的一种滑片膨胀机的结构。
背景技术
跨临界CO2循环制冷系统是一种新型环保制冷系统，但由于系统压力比常规制冷系统压力高，压差大，因此节流压力损失非常大。使用膨胀机代替节流阀可以减少节流过程的不可逆损失，同时又能回收高压工质的膨胀功，将能大大提高制冷系统的COP值。一般滑片膨胀机在高压力、高压差的情况下，泄漏和摩擦损失非常严重，特别是滑片底部在没有特殊背压的情况下，容易出现滑片与气缸脱离现象。增加背压或者加弹簧可以防止滑片脱离，但带来很大的摩擦损失。根据发明人所进行的资料检索，没有查到与本发明相关的文献。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于，提供一种用于跨临界CO2制冷循环系统的滑片膨胀机的结构，该滑片膨胀机结构紧凑、体积小、重量轻、能够有效防止滑片与气缸的脱离、泄漏小、摩擦低，特别适用于CO2制冷循环等高压差制冷系统。
实现上述目的采取的技术解决方案是：一种用于跨临界CO2制冷循环系统的滑片膨胀机的结构，包括一个气缸体，在气缸体的一端安装有左端盖，气缸体的另一端安装有轴承座，轴承座安装在底座上；气缸体的内腔中设置有转子，转子连接有转子轴，轴承内嵌在轴承座中；轴承的端部有轴承压盖，轴承压盖内有轴封，轴封通过右端盖压紧；其特征在于，所述的转子与转子轴之间用键连接，轴向不固定，形成浮动结构，即转子在轴向能够自由移动；转子上还设有垂直布置的2对滑片，每对滑片之间通过连接杆相连，且连接杆与滑片中间布置有蝶形弹簧。
本发明的用于跨临界CO2制冷循环系统的滑片膨胀机，其结构简单、加工方便、体积小、重量轻，泄漏和摩擦均小于现有滑片膨胀机。用该滑片式膨胀机代替节流阀，回收高压工质的膨胀功，达到很好的节能效果，可广泛应用于CO2等工质的空调，热泵，热水器等循环系统中，改变使用节流阀时节流损失较大的缺点，可大大提高系统的COP。
附图说明
图1是本发明滑片膨胀机的结构示意图。
图2是本发明滑片膨胀机中滑片式膨胀机的横向剖面示意图。
图3是本发明滑片膨胀机中滑片组合的示意图。
图4是本发明滑片膨胀机中采用型线的示意图。
上述图1中的标号分别为：1为滑片式膨胀机左端盖，2为气缸体，3为转子，4为轴承座，5为键，6为轴承，7为O型密封圈，8为轴承压盖，9右端盖，10为橡胶密封，11为底座，12为滑片，13为转子轴，14为连接杆，15为蝶形弹簧。
图2中的标号分别为：2为气缸体，5为键，12为滑片，13为转子轴，14为连接杆，15为蝶形弹簧。
图3中的标号分别为：12为滑片，14为连接杆，15为蝶形弹簧，16为圆柱弹簧。
以下结合附图和发明人给出的实施方式对本发明作进一步的详细描述，以便更清楚的理解本发明的目的、具体组件特点和优点。
具体实施方式
请参照图1和图2，本发明的用于跨临界CO2制冷循环系统的滑片膨胀机，包括：一个气缸体2，气缸体2的一端安装有左端盖1，气缸体2的另一端安装有轴承座4，轴承座4安装在底座11上；气缸体2内腔中设置有转子3，转子3连接有转子轴13，转子3均匀布置有2对滑片12，每对滑片12之间通过连接杆14相连，轴承6内嵌在轴承座4中；轴承6的端部有轴承压盖8，轴承压盖8内有轴封10，轴封10通过右端盖9压紧；转子3通过键5与轴承6的转轴13相连，轴向不固定，形成浮动结构；滑片12的底部与连接杆14之间安装有蝶形弹簧15。
轴承座4与右端盖9之间、以及轴承压盖8与右端盖9之间安装有O型密封圈7。
转子3通过转轴13安装在气缸体2内腔中，滑片12布置在转子内部的滑片槽内。
转子轴13采用的材料为20CrMnSi，表面淬火到HRC50—55减小磨损。气缸及其零部件的材料使用45钢，滑片12为镀有MoS2或Ti减摩涂层的铝合金或不锈钢，或有自润滑作用的树脂材料；
所述的气缸体2的气缸型线在任意角度均使气缸的直径相等，且各段曲线光滑过渡。气缸型线在任意角度气缸的直径相等，且各段曲线光滑过渡。
转子3采用悬臂结构，轴承6装在转子一侧的轴承座4中，用于合理承受整个设备的负载；
轴承6为自润滑球轴承。轴封10是自润滑橡胶轴封。
转子3为浮动结构，即转子3与转子轴13之间只用键5连接，轴向并不固定，所以转子3在轴向可以自由移动。在工作时，转子3两侧的油膜会自动平衡转子3两侧的轴向力，避免转子卡死。
蝶形弹簧15变形量小但变形力大，可以在很小的变形下承受高压差所产生的气体力，保证滑片12与气缸的贴合，防止滑片12的顶部泄漏，同时蝶形弹簧15可以自动调整变形量对滑片12或气缸的磨损进行补偿。
从图1中可以看出：转子3为浮动结构，即转子与转轴13之间只用键连接，轴向并不固定，所以转子在轴向可以自由移动。在工作时，转子两侧的油膜会自动平衡转子3两侧的轴向力，避免转子3被卡死。
从图3中可以看出滑片12和连接杆14之间安装蝶形弹簧15，保证滑片12顶部与气缸内壁的贴合，防止滑片12顶部泄漏。同时保证气缸内壁或滑片12磨损后的自我补偿。图3(b)给出另一种滑片组合，其中圆柱弹簧16用来代替碟形弹簧15，适应压差较小的工况。
从图4中可以看出汽缸体3中用的型线由三段曲线连接而成。进气孔口和排气孔口之间有一段保证孔口密封的密封圆弧，这两段曲线由一段密封圆弧光滑连接。该型线的特点为在任意角度气缸的直径相等，且各段曲线光滑过渡。
气缸体的气缸型线的主型线为蚌线：ρ＝R-e×cos(θ)其中R为气缸半径，e为偏心量，密封段采用圆弧：ρ＝R-e为了保证这两种曲线的自然连接，采用一段过渡曲线连接：ρ＝a0+a1×θ1+a2×θ2+a3×θ3+a4×θ4+a5×θ5，通过保证曲线在两端的极径以及一阶，二阶倒数相等确定待定系数。该型线的特点为在任意角度气缸的直径相等，且各段曲线光滑过渡。

Claims (7)

1.一种用于跨临界CO2制冷循环系统的滑片膨胀机的结构，包括一个气缸体(2)，在气缸体(2)的一端安装有左端盖(1)，气缸体(2)的另一端安装有轴承座(4)，轴承座安装在底座(11)上；气缸体(2)的内腔中设置有转子(3)，转子(3)连接有转子轴(13)，轴承(6)内嵌在轴承座(4)中；轴承(6)的端部有轴承压盖(8)，轴承压盖(8)内有轴封(10)，轴封(10)通过右端盖(9)压紧；其特征在于，所述的转子(3)与转子轴(13)之间用键(5)连接，轴向不固定，形成浮动结构，即转子(3)在轴向能够自由移动；转子(3)上还设有相互垂直布置的2对滑片(12)，每对滑片(12)之间通过连接杆(14)相连，且连接杆(14)与滑片(12)中间布置有蝶形弹簧(15)。
2.如权利要求1所述的用于跨临界CO2制冷循环系统的滑片膨胀机的结构，其特征在于，所述的气缸体(2)的气缸型线在任意角度均使气缸的直径相等，且各段曲线光滑过渡。
3.如权利要求1所述的用于跨临界CO2制冷循环系统的滑片膨胀机的结构，其特征在于，所述的轴承座(4)与右端盖(9)之间、以及轴承压盖(8)与右端盖(9)之间安装有O型密封圈(7)。
4.如权利要求2所述的用于跨临界CO2制冷循环系统的滑片膨胀机的结构，其特征在于，所述的气缸型线的主型线为蚌线，进气孔口和排气孔口之间有一段保证孔口密封的密封圆弧，这两段曲线由一段密封圆弧光滑连接。
5.如权利要求1所述的用于跨临界CO2制冷循环系统的滑片膨胀机的结构，其特征在于，所述滑片(12)的材料为镀有MoS2或Ti减摩涂层的铝合金制成，或采用不锈钢制成，或采用有自润滑作用的树脂材料制成。
6.如权利要求1所述的用于跨临界CO2制冷循环系统的滑片膨胀机的结构，其特征在于，所述轴承(6)为自润滑球轴承。
7.如权利要求1所述的用于跨临界CO2制冷循环系统的滑片膨胀机的结构，其特征在于，所述轴封(10)是自润滑橡胶轴封。
CNB2007100189954A 2007-11-02 2007-11-02 一种用于跨临界co2制冷循环系统的滑片膨胀机的结构 Expired - Fee Related CN100510572C (zh)

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CN105509360B (zh) * 2016-03-04 2018-04-03 河北科技大学 一种用于二氧化碳热泵制冷技术的节能膨胀机

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CN1222741C (zh) * 2001-12-06 2005-10-12 天津大学 二氧化碳跨临界制冷循环转子式膨胀机
JP2007162493A (ja) * 2005-12-09 2007-06-28 Ntn Corp 圧縮膨張タービンシステム

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