CN100497746C - High-carbon steel pin roll vanadizing composite treatment process - Google Patents
High-carbon steel pin roll vanadizing composite treatment process Download PDFInfo
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- CN100497746C CN100497746C CNB2007100681296A CN200710068129A CN100497746C CN 100497746 C CN100497746 C CN 100497746C CN B2007100681296 A CNB2007100681296 A CN B2007100681296A CN 200710068129 A CN200710068129 A CN 200710068129A CN 100497746 C CN100497746 C CN 100497746C
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 229910000677 High-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims description 12
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000005255 carburizing Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 10
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 7
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 229910001563 bainite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007669 thermal treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 208000001840 Dandruff Diseases 0.000 description 2
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001339 C alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000037656 Respiratory Sounds Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005537 brownian motion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005256 carbonitriding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 1
- KXZJHVJKXJLBKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N chembl1408157 Chemical compound N=1C2=CC=CC=C2C(C(=O)O)=CC=1C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 KXZJHVJKXJLBKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005254 chromizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000009508 confectionery Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000000280 densification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000003642 hunger Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentane Natural products CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005121 nitriding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- MNWBNISUBARLIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium cyanide Chemical compound [Na+].N#[C-] MNWBNISUBARLIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003245 working effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- Solid-Phase Diffusion Into Metallic Material Surfaces (AREA)
Abstract
This invention discloses a vanadinizing complex process technology for high-carbon steel pin shafts including: 1, cementitation, temperature of cementitation: 850-900deg.C and cementiting time: 30-60min., 2, quenching, tempering and polishing, 3, vanadinizing process: temperature: 950-990deg.C, time: 6-8h,m 4, quenching with equal temperature salt-bath, temperature: 290-350deg.C time: 30-60min., which makes pre-process of cementiting to high-carbon steel pin shaft before vanadinization to form a thick, densed and fixed vanadinization layer on it to avoid the vanadization process to the pin shaft direcltly and avoids ordinary quench by making equal temperature salt-bath quench to the pin shaft.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to heat treatment technics field, metallic surface, particularly relate to a kind of high-carbon steel pin roll vanadizing composite treatment process.
Background technology
Surface chemistry thermal treatment usually will be carried out in the metal works surface, to improve its Surface Physical Chemistry performance.Wherein, comparatively common with carburizing, nitriding, carbonitriding, chromising, vanadinizing, boronising etc.And carburizing tech is the most ripe, uses also the most extensive.Cementing process can be divided into three major types by the carburizing agent difference of using:
(1) solid carburizing method: with the charcoal is the cementing process of host.
(2) liquid carburizing: with sodium cyanide (NaCN) is the cementing process of host.
(3) gas carburizing: with gases such as Sweet natural gas, propane, butane is the cementing process of host.
The relevant patent of carburizing tech is innumerable, more with gas carburizing especially, mainly is to carry out surface cementation at the lower ferrous materials of carbon content such as soft steel, low-carbon alloy steel.The metallic surface carbon content can reach 0.8～1.2% after the carburizing thermal treatment, makes still to keep core toughness when the metal works surface has higher hardness, intensity.The theoretical foundation of diffusion hardening is eternal, the random pedesis of molecule (atom).With the gas cementation is example, and gas (C takes place
4H
10, C
3H
8, CH
4) and Air mixing gas at high temperature react, discharge active atoms of carbon, the active atoms of carbon of high density enters the lower metallic surface of carbon atom concn, forms carburizing.The relevant reaction of gas cementation is as follows:
(C) is active atoms of carbon.
The theoretical foundation of metallic surface vanadinizing is that vanadium is the strong carbide forming element, and carbon atom reacts when sufficient: (C)+V → VC
Carbon atom reacts when not enough:
3〔C〕+4V→V
4C
3
7〔C〕+8V→V
8C
7
V
8C
7For room and orderly tiny carbide, V are closed, have in the carbon insatiable hunger
4C
3For waiting axle carbide, has the intensive dispersion-strengthened.The vanadinizing process is that the metal surface carbon atom is sucked out, and stays the room, and the part vanadium atom enters metallic matrix, and temperature, the time of what and vanadinizing of the thickness of infiltration layer and metal surface carbon atom are relevant.The back diffusion layer organization that quenches is the stable tiny V of disperse
4C
3And VC.The vanadinizing technology successfully is applied on wearing piece and the tool and mould through application and the development of three more than ten years, has obtained effect and economic benefit preferably.
Isothermal quenching is after steel part is heated to austenitizing temperature, makes it to be chilled to soon lower bainite transformation temperature ranges isothermal and keeps, and making austenitic transformation is the quenching technology of lower bainite tissue.The isothermal quenching technology abroad especially Europe, the United States, day etc. developed country generally adopt, domesticly also enter the stage of applying.By control salt temperature and soaking time, can obtain lower bainite and martensitic mixed structure, the obdurability of this set of organizations lower bainite and martensitic strong plasticity advantage are the best tissues of metal comprehensive mechanical performance.And salt bath insulation workpiece deformation is little, can reduce normal quenching crackle tendency.
High carbon steel bearing pin of the prior art mostly adopts normal quenching or carburizing treatment, form tight zone to improve surface hardness and rub proofness on the bearing pin surface, but effect is not ideal, because the surface hardness of cementation zone is lower, the work-ing life of bearing pin is shorter; Also have the direct vanadinizing of pair high carbon steel bearing pin to handle, though can obtain higher hardness, infiltration layer is thinner, and uneven thickness, infiltration layer are firm inadequately, and in the wear process, the vanadinizing layer easily breaks away from matrix, can not satisfy harsh wear working condition requirement.Thereby, what kind of treatment process to make the high carbon steel bearing pin surface after the vanadinizing processing can form fine and close hard and firm vanadinizing layer by, to satisfy harsh wear working condition requirement, become technical problem to be solved by this invention.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve above-mentioned technical problem, the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of high-carbon steel pin roll vanadizing composite treatment process, with high carbon steel bearing pin elder generation carburizing treatment, vanadinizing is handled again, last isothermal quenching, thereby must reach the product of service requirements, improve the comprehensive mechanical performance such as hardness, toughness, wear resistance of steel pin axle, workpiece deformation is little.
To achieve the above object, the present invention has adopted following technical scheme:
A kind of high-carbon steel pin roll vanadizing composite treatment process, step is as follows:
1) carburizing treatment, carburizing temperature: 850～900 ℃, carburizing time: 30～60 minutes;
2) quench, the back tempering of quenching is polished after the tempering;
3) vanadinizing is handled, the vanadinizing temperature: 950～990 ℃, and the vanadinizing time: 6～8 hours;
4) isothermal salt bath quenching, quenching temperature: 290～350 ℃, the cool time: 30～60 minutes.
As preferably, above-mentioned steps 1) adopts the converter gas cementation in.
As preferably, above-mentioned steps 3) adopts the high temperature box furnace vanadinizing in.
As preferably, above-mentioned steps 3) mass ratio of bearing pin and vanadinizing agent is 1～1.25 in.
Above-mentioned steps 2) quenchant is water base in; Tempering temperature is 180～200 ℃, and tempering time is 100～120 minutes.
The present invention is owing to adopted above technical scheme, by before vanadinizing is handled, the high carbon steel bearing pin being done the carburizing pre-treatment, make steel pin axle surfactivity carbon atom greatly increase the formation carbon-rich zone, thereby when handling, vanadinizing can adsorb abundant vanadium atom, form thicker, fine and close and firm vanadinizing layer, avoided directly the high carbon steel bearing pin being done vanadinizing and handled, the vanadinizing layer approaches, firmly, easily breaks away from inadequately the problem of matrix; Do the isothermal salt bath quenching by the steel pin axle after vanadinizing is handled, avoided normal quenching, the different rimose problems easily of matrix with vanadinizing layer cooling contraction speed.Thereby the steel pin axle after art breading of the present invention can satisfy harsh wear working condition requirement, has prolonged wear-out life greatly, also has advantages such as surface hardness height, infiltration layer is even, surface smoothness is good.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is carburizing treatment process curve figure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a vanadinizing treatment process graphic representation of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is means of isothermal quenching process curve figure of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the specific embodiment of the present invention is made a detailed explanation.
Embodiment 1:
As Fig. 1, Fig. 2, a kind of high-carbon steel pin roll vanadizing composite treatment process shown in Figure 3.
In the present embodiment, with high carbon steel 70 steel pin axles, length 11.5mm, external diameter φ 2.4mm are example explanation implementation of processes process of the present invention.
Initial bearing pin external diameter φ 2.5mm finish grindes φ 2.39 ± 0.005mm, the converter gas cementation, and carburizing temperature is 890 ℃, hold-time is 30 minutes, quench cooled, and quenchant is water base, the tempering in time in 2 hours of quenching, 200 ℃ of tempering temperatures, tempering insulation time 2 hours, as shown in Figure 1; (be normal quenching here, the quenching and tempering processing parameter can according to circumstances suitably be adjusted.)
Carbon black and oxide film in the heat treatment process are removed in the polishing of tempering rear pin shaft, and the metallographicobservation depth of case is 0.15～0.20mm;
The high temperature box furnace vanadinizing is 1:1 with bearing pin and vanadinizing agent by mass percentage, and (the vanadinizing agent is MV100, and mass ratio can according to circumstances suitably be adjusted.) put into drum, stir, cover a thick aluminium alloy plate, place enough shredded paper bits on the plate, cover the drum lid and put into high temperature box furnace, be heated to 990 ℃, be incubated 8 hours, cool to room temperature with the furnace, open round barrel cover, take out workpiece, as shown in Figure 2;
The vanadinizing rear pin shaft carries out the isothermal salt bath quenching, and austenitizing temperature is controlled at about 850 ℃, and salt temperature is controlled at 350 ℃, and isothermal time is 30 minutes, and the back of coming out of the stove is cleaned, as shown in Figure 3;
After the bearing pin polishing, carry out metallographic examination, metallographicobservation vanadinizing layer thickness is 0.01～0.02mm, vanadinizing layer hardness 〉=2500HV.As shown in table 1.
Vanadinizing vanadinizing layer thickness relatively after table 1:70 direct vanadinizing of steel pin axle and the carburizing
(mm of unit)
Embodiment 2:
In the present embodiment, with high carbon steel 80 steel pin axles, length 12.3mm, external diameter φ 3.0mm are example explanation implementation of processes process of the present invention.
Initial bearing pin external diameter φ 3.5mm finish grindes φ 2.99 ± 0.005mm, the converter gas cementation, and carburizing temperature is 860 ℃, hold-time is 40 minutes, quenches, and quenchant is water base, the back tempering in time of quenching, 180 ℃ of tempering temperatures, tempering insulation time 2 hours, as shown in Figure 1;
The polishing of tempering rear pin shaft, the metallographicobservation depth of case is 0.15～0.20mm;
The high temperature box furnace vanadinizing is 10:8 with bearing pin and vanadinizing agent by mass percentage, puts into drum, stir, cover a thick aluminium alloy plate, place enough shredded paper bits on the plate, cover the drum lid and put into high temperature box furnace, be heated to 970 ℃, be incubated 8 hours, cool to room temperature with the furnace, open round barrel cover, take out workpiece, as shown in Figure 2;
The vanadinizing rear pin shaft carries out the isothermal salt bath quenching, and 850 ℃ of austenitizing temperatures (deciding according to steel), salt temperature are controlled at 330 ℃, and isothermal time is 30 minutes, and the back of coming out of the stove is cleaned, as shown in Figure 3;
After the bearing pin polishing, carry out metallographic examination, metallographicobservation vanadinizing layer thickness is 0.01～0.02mm, and vanadinizing layer hardness 〉=2500HV is as shown in table 2.
Vanadinizing vanadinizing layer thickness relatively after table 2:80 direct vanadinizing of steel pin axle and the carburizing
(mm of unit)
The present invention is not limited to above embodiment; so long as the high carbon steel bearing pin is done the thermal treatment process of carburizing pre-treatment, vanadinizing processing again, last isothermal quenching and the product that obtains by this technology earlier; no matter adopt which kind of high-carbon steel; how the adjusting process parameter all will fall within protection scope of the present invention.
Through the high carbon steel bearing pin of art breading of the present invention, and even have following plurality of advantages less and use effect:
(1) the bearing pin surface hardness improves, and carburizing bearing pin surface hardness is about 800HV, and vanadinizing bearing pin surface hardness is that hardness increases substantially about 2500HV.
(2) infiltration layer evenly and thicken, directly vanadinizing bearing pin infiltration layer is 0.005～0.015mm, the vanadinizing infiltration layer is 0.01～0.02mm after the carburizing.
(3) isothermal quenching does not have cracking, checks 100 of isothermal quenching thermal treatment bearing pins, does not have cracking; As adopt normal quenching, check 100 of normalizing → quenchings → tempering heat treatment bearing pin, 4 crackings.The analysis of causes: the vanadinizing layer densification of carburizing vanadinizing rear pin shaft surface is hard, normalizing Heating temperature height, and bearing pin matrix speed of expansion easily causes cracking greater than vanadinizing layer speed of expansion, and this is the normalizing cracking; The normal quenching speed of cooling is fast, and matrix is met cold contraction speed greater than vanadinizing layer contraction speed, also easily causes cracking, and this is a hardening break.
(4) the bearing pin surface smoothness is good, and roughness can reach Ra0.1 μ m, and common bearing pin roughness is Ra1.6～Ra0.8 μ m.
(5) wear-out life of prolongation part, the wear-out life of more common high carbon steel bearing pin improves more than 4 times.
(6) outward appearance is good.
Claims (6)
1. high-carbon steel pin roll vanadizing composite treatment process is characterized in that step is as follows:
1) carburizing treatment, carburizing temperature: 850～900 ℃, carburizing time: 30～60 minutes;
2) quench, the back tempering of quenching is polished after the tempering;
3) vanadinizing is handled, the vanadinizing temperature: 950～990 ℃, and the vanadinizing time: 6～8 hours;
4) isothermal salt bath quenching, quenching temperature: 290～350 ℃, the cool time: 30～60 minutes.
2. a kind of high-carbon steel pin roll vanadizing composite treatment process according to claim 1 is characterized in that, adopts the converter gas cementation in the described step 1).
3. a kind of high-carbon steel pin roll vanadizing composite treatment process according to claim 1 is characterized in that, adopts the high temperature box furnace vanadinizing in the described step 3).
4. a kind of high-carbon steel pin roll vanadizing composite treatment process according to claim 3 is characterized in that, the mass ratio of bearing pin and vanadinizing agent is 1～1.25 in the described step 3).
5. a kind of high-carbon steel pin roll vanadizing composite treatment process according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described step 2) in quenchant be water base.
6. a kind of high-carbon steel pin roll vanadizing composite treatment process according to claim 5 is characterized in that, described step 2) in tempering temperature be 180～200 ℃, tempering time is 100～120 minutes.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2007100681296A CN100497746C (en) | 2007-04-19 | 2007-04-19 | High-carbon steel pin roll vanadizing composite treatment process |
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| CN100497746C true CN100497746C (en) | 2009-06-10 |
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Free format text: CORRECT: ADDRESS; FROM: 310021 NO. 218, JICHANG ROAD, HANGZHOU CITY, ZHEJIANG PROVINCE TO: 311102 NO. 1, CHANGDA ROAD, XINGWANG INDUSTRIAL CITY, YUNHE TOWN, YUHANG DISTRICT, HANGZHOU |
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Effective date of registration: 20110427 Address after: Thriving industrial city canal town Yuhang District 311102 Hangzhou Chang Road No. 1 Patentee after: Hangzhou Donghua Chain Group Co., Ltd. Address before: 310021 No. 218, Airport Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Patentee before: Xuan Bihua |