CN102605378A - Carburizing and quenching method - Google Patents
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- CN102605378A CN102605378A CN201210011510XA CN201210011510A CN102605378A CN 102605378 A CN102605378 A CN 102605378A CN 201210011510X A CN201210011510X A CN 201210011510XA CN 201210011510 A CN201210011510 A CN 201210011510A CN 102605378 A CN102605378 A CN 102605378A
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Abstract
The invention provides a gear carburizing and quenching method, belonging to the technical field of metallurgy and solving the problem that the existing gear carburizing and quenching method hardly meets technical requirements of parts. The gear carburizing and quenching method sequentially comprises the steps of: carburizing, carrying out pre-cooling quenching, carrying out high-temperature annealing, carrying out secondary quenching and carrying out low-temperature annealing, wherein the temperature value of the secondary quenching is slightly lower than that of the pre-cooling quenching. The gear carburizing and quenching method comprehends pre-cooling direct quenching process and the secondary quenching process; theoretical analysis and production practices prove that the method is short in production period, saves energy source and refines crystal grains, improves the performance of the parts and enables tissues to be more uniform so that the performance is excellent; in addition, the content of surface retained austenite is reduced and the thickness of a non-austenite layer is lowered.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to metallurgical technology field, relate to the carburization quenching method of a kind of metallurgy of iron, particularly a kind of gear.
Background technology
Along with developing of automobile industry, lightweight has been the development trend of car industry, therefore improves the technology of automobile component intensity, the attention that technology more and more receives automobile industry.Because automobile component need adopt HS and attrition resistant material mostly, so parts such as the gear in the mover, drive system, tooth axle all adopt carburizing quenching process.
In process of production; Continuous or discrete netted or block black tissue often appears in the workpiece surface layer of carburizing and quenching; And just be not the maximum zone of top layer stress, generally acknowledged it is because interior oxidation and poor alloy element causes forming troostite class tissue also is called as non-martensite microstructure; here In case form this type of tissue, its consequence is to reduce surface hardness and performance index such as wear resistance and safe range of stress.Therefore both at home and abroad well-known automaker mostly has clear and definite regulation to the non-martensite layer thickness, like German bohr spy, benz, Bayerische Motorne Werke Aktiengeellschaft's requirement gear non-martensite layer thickness must be below 3 μ m.
What existing carburizing quenching process was commonly used mainly contains following several kinds: 1. after the carburizing precooling, and direct quenching.2. primary quenching behind the carburizing air cooling.The existing technical scheme remained austenite content that 1. quenches in the infiltration layer of back is higher, and especially for essential coarse-grained steel, the surface be prone to form carbide network, and surface hardness is difficult to reach technical requirements.Scheme 2. than scheme 1. performance make moderate progress, but still be difficult to satisfy technical requirements for the higher key components and parts of mechanical property requirements.Usually be employed in roll flute behind the carburizing and quenching, but roll flute can change into pressure with stress for this reason, unfavorable to the mechanical property of workpiece; Or carry out shot peening strengthening, but this stress is pined for decay in the high speed rotating life, influences its mechanical property.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to have the problems referred to above, proposed a kind of gear surface residual austenite content and the low carburization quenching method of non-martensite layer thickness to existing technology.
The object of the invention can be realized through following technical proposal: a kind of carburization quenching method of gear is characterized in that present method is undertaken by carburizing, delayed quenching, high tempering, secondary quenching and low-temperaturetempering step successively.
In the carburization quenching method of above-mentioned gear, the TR of described carburizing is 900～950 ℃.
In the carburization quenching method of above-mentioned gear, described delayed quenching is formed or is formed by being followed successively by precooling, quenching and three steps of cleaning with two steps of quenching by being followed successively by precooling.Clean after quench finishing, prevent to form the solids that adheres at workpiece surface after impurity or the quenching oil heat in the quenching oil.
In the carburization quenching method of above-mentioned gear, described Qa temperature value is a little less than the temperature value of delayed quenching.
Carburizing is workpiece to be inserted have in the activated carburizing medium, and heating and insulation make the active atoms of carbon that decomposites in the carburizing medium infiltrate the steel part top layer, thereby obtain the top layer high-carbon, and heart portion still keeps original composition.Gear surface through over carburizing has very high hardness, and then has improved rub proofness.
Delayed quenching has reduced the temperature of gear, with reduction gear surface residual austenite content and reduction gear internal stress, and can crystal grain thinning.Make supercooled austenite carry out martensite or bainite transformation simultaneously; Obtain martensite or lower bainite tissue; Cooperate high tempering then,, thereby satisfy the request for utilization of gear with intensity, hardness, wear resistance, fatigue strength and the toughness etc. that significantly improve gear.Gear still has more austenite after quenching, thereby can make residual austenite change the hardness that improves steel through secondary quenching.Gear through low-temperaturetempering has high firmness and high-wearing feature.
Behind the workpiece carbonization, carbon contents raises, and C curve moves down, the corresponding reduction of structural transformation temperature.Therefore Qa temperature value can prevent increasing of remained austenite content a little less than the temperature value of delayed quenching, effectively prevents grain growth and reduces internal stress and thermal stresses.
In the carburization quenching method of above-mentioned gear, described precooling is with gear precooling to 820～860 ℃, is incubated 30～45 fens.
In the carburization quenching method of above-mentioned gear, described quenching is with in the gear dip quench oil; The temperature of described quenching oil remains on 50～80 ℃, and stirs quenching oil.
In the carburization quenching method of above-mentioned gear, described cleaning is to utilize gasoline to carry out.
In the carburization quenching method of above-mentioned gear, described high tempering is that gear is heated to 500～650 ℃, and the insulation reasonable time.Quality and quantity according to part are carried out long tempering, must guarantee the uniform temperature of part.
In the carburization quenching method of above-mentioned gear, described high tempering carries out within 4 hours after delayed quenching.In time carry out the high tempering processing and can prevent the workpiece cracking.
In the carburization quenching method of above-mentioned gear, described secondary quenching is earlier gear to be heated to 780～820 ℃ and be incubated reasonable time, then with in the gear dip quench oil.Soaking time is formulated according to the quality and quantity of part, but must guarantee diathermanous and samming.
In the carburization quenching method of above-mentioned gear, described low-temperaturetempering is that gear is heated to 160～200 ℃ and be incubated reasonable time.
In the carburization quenching method of above-mentioned gear, described low-temperaturetempering is earlier to utilize gasoline to clean gear, then gear is heated to 160～200 ℃ and be incubated reasonable time.Soaking time prolongs as far as possible in this operation, with the performance of assurance workpiece and the elimination of stress.
Compared with prior art; The carburization quenching method of this gear has carried out comprehensively precooling direct quenching and secondary quenching technology, and through theoretical analysis and production practice, and it is shorter relatively to have a production cycle; Practiced thrift the energy and crystal grain thinning, improve component performance, make organize more even; Obtain good performance, reduced surperficial residual austenite content, reduced the non-martensite layer thickness.Utilize the carburization quenching method of this gear to handle to obtain gear to need not to carry out processing such as roll flute or shot peening strengthening and just can satisfy the part technical requirements.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the process flow chart of the carburization quenching method of gear.
Embodiment
Below be specific embodiment of the present invention and combine accompanying drawing, technical scheme of the present invention is done further to describe, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiment.
As shown in Figure 1, the carburization quenching method of this gear is undertaken by carburizing, delayed quenching, high tempering, secondary quenching and low-temperaturetempering step successively.
Specifically, carburizing is workpiece to be inserted have in the activated carburizing medium, and the TR that is heated to is 900～950 ℃ and insulation, makes the active atoms of carbon that decomposites in the carburizing medium infiltrate the steel part top layer, thereby obtains the top layer high-carbon.As preferably, the TR of carburizing can be 910～930 ℃.
Delayed quenching is formed by being followed successively by precooling, quenching and three steps of cleaning.Also can form with two steps of quenching according to the practical situation delayed quenching by being followed successively by precooling.
Precooling is with gear precooling to 820～860 ℃, is incubated 30～45 minutes.As preferably, the TR of precooling can be 840～855 ℃.Temperature when obviously the temperature of workpiece is lower than carburizing after the precooling has promptly reduced the temperature of gear, and reduce the gear surface residual austenite content thus and reduce the gear internal stress, and crystal grain thinning.Quenching is with in the gear dip quench oil; The temperature of quenching oil remains on 50～80 ℃, and stirs quenching oil, stirs and can guarantee the workpiece Homogeneouslly-radiating, guarantees product performance temperature property.Cleaning is to utilize gasoline to carry out, and gasoline is the washing composition of using always, prevent to form the solids that adheres at workpiece surface after impurity or the quenching oil heat in the quenching oil, and its volatile washing composition of avoiding sticks to workpiece surface.
After delayed quenching, carry out high tempering within 4 hours, in time carry out high tempering and can prevent the workpiece surface cracking.High tempering is that gear is heated to 500～650 ℃, and the insulation reasonable time.As preferably, the TR value of high tempering is 550～580 ℃, carries out long tempering according to the quality and the quantity of part, must guarantee the uniform temperature of part.
Workpiece significantly improves intensity, hardness, wear resistance, fatigue strength and the toughness etc. of gear through delayed quenching and high tempering, thereby satisfies the request for utilization of gear.
Secondary quenching is earlier gear to be heated to 780～820 ℃ and be incubated reasonable time, then with in the gear dip quench oil.Obviously, Qa temperature is a little less than the temperature of quenching, and soaking time is formulated according to the quality and quantity of part, but must guarantee diathermanous and samming.Thereby carrying out secondary quenching can make residual austenite change the hardness that improves steel.
Low-temperaturetempering is earlier to utilize gasoline to clean gear, then gear is heated to 160～200 ℃ and be incubated reasonable time.Soaking time prolongs as far as possible in this operation, with the performance of assurance workpiece and the elimination of stress.Gear through low-temperaturetempering has high firmness and high-wearing feature.
Specific embodiment described herein only is that the present invention's spirit is illustrated.Person of ordinary skill in the field of the present invention can make various modifications or replenishes or adopt similar mode to substitute described specific embodiment, but can't depart from spirit of the present invention or surmount the defined scope of appended claims.
Although this paper has used terms such as carburizing, delayed quenching, high tempering, secondary quenching and low-temperaturetempering morely, do not get rid of the possibility of using other term.Using these terms only is in order to describe and explain essence of the present invention more easily; It all is contrary with spirit of the present invention being construed to any additional restriction to them.
Claims (10)
1. the carburization quenching method of a gear is characterized in that, present method is undertaken by carburizing, delayed quenching, high tempering, secondary quenching and low-temperaturetempering step successively.
2. the carburization quenching method of gear according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the TR of described carburizing is 900～950 ℃.
3. the carburization quenching method of gear according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described delayed quenching is formed or formed by being followed successively by precooling, quenching and three steps of cleaning with two steps of quenching by being followed successively by precooling.
4. the carburization quenching method of gear according to claim 3 is characterized in that, described precooling is with gear precooling to 820～860 ℃, is incubated 30～45 minutes.
5. the carburization quenching method of gear according to claim 3 is characterized in that, described quenching is with in the gear dip quench oil; The temperature of described quenching oil remains on 50～80 ℃, and stirs quenching oil.
6. the carburization quenching method of gear according to claim 3 is characterized in that, described Qa temperature value is a little less than the temperature value that quenches.
7. according to the carburization quenching method of any described gear in the claim 1 to 6, it is characterized in that described high tempering is that gear is heated to 500～650 ℃, and the insulation reasonable time.
8. according to the carburization quenching method of any described gear in the claim 1 to 6, it is characterized in that described high tempering carries out within 4 hours after delayed quenching.
9. according to the carburization quenching method of any described gear in the claim 1 to 6, it is characterized in that described secondary quenching is earlier gear to be heated to 780～820 ℃ and be incubated reasonable time, then with in the gear dip quench oil.
10. according to the carburization quenching method of any described gear in the claim 1 to 6, it is characterized in that described low-temperaturetempering is earlier to utilize gasoline to clean gear, then gear is heated to 160～200 ℃ and be incubated reasonable time.
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Cited By (18)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103627857A (en) * | 2013-11-26 | 2014-03-12 | 常熟市东风齿轮厂 | Tooth-punching and tempering thermal treatment process of gear |
| CN103643241A (en) * | 2013-11-26 | 2014-03-19 | 常熟市东风齿轮厂 | Gear carburization quenching technology |
| CN103643000A (en) * | 2013-11-26 | 2014-03-19 | 常熟市东风齿轮厂 | Thermal processing technology for wear-resistant gears |
| CN103866105A (en) * | 2014-03-10 | 2014-06-18 | 苏州捷德瑞精密机械有限公司 | Thermal treatment process of medium-carbon-steel gear |
| CN104032116A (en) * | 2014-06-30 | 2014-09-10 | 无锡市崇安区科技创业服务中心 | Thermal treatment process of steel bevel gear |
| CN104805266A (en) * | 2015-04-28 | 2015-07-29 | 柳州科尔特锻造机械有限公司 | Carburizing and quenching process for heavy-load gears |
| CN104805271A (en) * | 2015-04-28 | 2015-07-29 | 柳州科尔特锻造机械有限公司 | Heat treatment process for automobile gears |
| CN104805397A (en) * | 2015-04-28 | 2015-07-29 | 柳州科尔特锻造机械有限公司 | Gear carburizing and quenching heat treatment process |
| CN104805256A (en) * | 2015-04-28 | 2015-07-29 | 柳州科尔特锻造机械有限公司 | Heat treatment technology for low-load gear |
| CN104818377A (en) * | 2015-05-15 | 2015-08-05 | 厦门真冈热处理有限公司 | Heat treatment method of lawn mower sprockets and special heat treatment tool for lawn mower sprockets |
| CN104831022A (en) * | 2015-05-11 | 2015-08-12 | 吴芳吉 | Gear carburizing process |
| CN104894573A (en) * | 2015-05-11 | 2015-09-09 | 柳州金盾机械有限公司 | Method for carburizing and quenching of cylindrical gear |
| CN104894574A (en) * | 2015-05-11 | 2015-09-09 | 柳州金盾机械有限公司 | Cemented quenching method of cylinder gear |
| CN106148881A (en) * | 2015-05-14 | 2016-11-23 | 孙豌蓁 | Carburized austempered slider for linear slide rails and method for manufacturing same |
| CN107326321A (en) * | 2017-08-15 | 2017-11-07 | 肥西县通力机械有限公司 | It is a kind of to improve the processing method that steel workpiece uses characteristic |
| CN108179250A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-06-19 | 重庆全茂合渝科技有限公司 | A kind of high intensity chain wheel of motorcycle quenching technical |
| CN108779540A (en) * | 2016-03-03 | 2018-11-09 | 尼玛克股份有限公司 | For carrying out heat-treating methods at least one part for covering the surface segment for having applied glaze coating or enamel coating to made of metal |
| CN110923411A (en) * | 2019-12-11 | 2020-03-27 | 洛阳北方易初摩托车有限公司 | Carburizing and quenching tissue refining process method for box type multipurpose furnace |
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Cited By (21)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103627857A (en) * | 2013-11-26 | 2014-03-12 | 常熟市东风齿轮厂 | Tooth-punching and tempering thermal treatment process of gear |
| CN103643241A (en) * | 2013-11-26 | 2014-03-19 | 常熟市东风齿轮厂 | Gear carburization quenching technology |
| CN103643000A (en) * | 2013-11-26 | 2014-03-19 | 常熟市东风齿轮厂 | Thermal processing technology for wear-resistant gears |
| CN103866105A (en) * | 2014-03-10 | 2014-06-18 | 苏州捷德瑞精密机械有限公司 | Thermal treatment process of medium-carbon-steel gear |
| CN103866105B (en) * | 2014-03-10 | 2016-03-30 | 新昌县镜岭镇柳良轴承厂 | A kind of Medium Carbon Steel Gear thermal treatment process |
| CN104032116A (en) * | 2014-06-30 | 2014-09-10 | 无锡市崇安区科技创业服务中心 | Thermal treatment process of steel bevel gear |
| CN104805266A (en) * | 2015-04-28 | 2015-07-29 | 柳州科尔特锻造机械有限公司 | Carburizing and quenching process for heavy-load gears |
| CN104805271A (en) * | 2015-04-28 | 2015-07-29 | 柳州科尔特锻造机械有限公司 | Heat treatment process for automobile gears |
| CN104805397A (en) * | 2015-04-28 | 2015-07-29 | 柳州科尔特锻造机械有限公司 | Gear carburizing and quenching heat treatment process |
| CN104805256A (en) * | 2015-04-28 | 2015-07-29 | 柳州科尔特锻造机械有限公司 | Heat treatment technology for low-load gear |
| CN104831022A (en) * | 2015-05-11 | 2015-08-12 | 吴芳吉 | Gear carburizing process |
| CN104894573A (en) * | 2015-05-11 | 2015-09-09 | 柳州金盾机械有限公司 | Method for carburizing and quenching of cylindrical gear |
| CN104894574A (en) * | 2015-05-11 | 2015-09-09 | 柳州金盾机械有限公司 | Cemented quenching method of cylinder gear |
| CN106148881A (en) * | 2015-05-14 | 2016-11-23 | 孙豌蓁 | Carburized austempered slider for linear slide rails and method for manufacturing same |
| CN106148881B (en) * | 2015-05-14 | 2018-07-27 | 孙豌蓁 | Carburized austempered slider for linear slide rails and method for manufacturing same |
| CN104818377A (en) * | 2015-05-15 | 2015-08-05 | 厦门真冈热处理有限公司 | Heat treatment method of lawn mower sprockets and special heat treatment tool for lawn mower sprockets |
| CN108779540A (en) * | 2016-03-03 | 2018-11-09 | 尼玛克股份有限公司 | For carrying out heat-treating methods at least one part for covering the surface segment for having applied glaze coating or enamel coating to made of metal |
| CN107326321A (en) * | 2017-08-15 | 2017-11-07 | 肥西县通力机械有限公司 | It is a kind of to improve the processing method that steel workpiece uses characteristic |
| CN108179250A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-06-19 | 重庆全茂合渝科技有限公司 | A kind of high intensity chain wheel of motorcycle quenching technical |
| CN110923411A (en) * | 2019-12-11 | 2020-03-27 | 洛阳北方易初摩托车有限公司 | Carburizing and quenching tissue refining process method for box type multipurpose furnace |
| CN110923411B (en) * | 2019-12-11 | 2021-07-30 | 洛阳北方易初摩托车有限公司 | Carburizing and quenching tissue refining process method for box type multipurpose furnace |
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Application publication date: 20120725 |