CN100491829C

CN100491829C - Garbage treating plant with low energy consumption and treating method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN100491829C
Application number: CNB2004100404745A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 董俊
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2004-08-18
Filing date: 2004-08-18
Publication date: 2009-05-27
Anticipated expiration: 2024-08-18
Also published as: CN1737427A

Abstract

This invention discloses a garbage disposal device, which comprises plasma garbage incineration furnace, fuel system, air supply system and tail-gas processing system, wherein the incineration furnace burning room are separated into two chambers, the top chamber has feeding box, low-power plasma generator, lateral air inlet, tail-gas discharging port and temperature testing system, the lower chamber has lateral gas air spout, air inlet and temperature testing system, the bottom has slag mobile stokers; the dissepiment of the two chambers have a gas channel port; the tail-gas processing system comprises chiller which is connected with the tail-gas discharging port, the neutralizing washing tower, carbon fiber absorption tower, draught fan, air-out chimney, washing liquid supplying box and waste liquid tank connecting with the neutralizing washing tower, the chiller hot-water pipe and waste water tank connecting with the carbon fiber absorption tower.

Description

Low energy consumption refuse treatment plant and processing method thereof

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of refuse treatment plant and processing method thereof, particularly relate to a kind of medical waste treatment facility of low energy consumption, and waste disposal method free from environmental pollution.

Background technology

Present townm refuse mainly comprises three kinds in house refuse, building waste and extraordinary rubbish.Wherein house refuse mainly adopts the way of landfill to handle, and special-purpose soot need be set, and the big contaminated environment of floor space is phreatic seriously polluted to periphery.Hospital waste, such as discarded cotton yarn, medicine bottle, woven hose, syringe, syringe needle, the residual thing of operation, zoopery discarded object, useless sensitization liquid, developer solution or the like, this rubbish people claim that it is extraordinary rubbish, are the most unmanageable parts in the townm refuse.Because this rubbish has a large amount of infective virus, germ, untimely processing just becomes the infection sources of various diseases, and is very serious to the pollution of air, water, environment, society is caused harm greatly, and mainly be burning disposal to this rubbish.

Existing incineration waste treatment equipment has two kinds, first fuel oil or gas-fired incinerator, the major defect of this stove is: furnace temperature is not high not thorough to garbage disposal, a large amount of toxic and harmfuls that burning is produced directly are discharged in the atmosphere, and are seriously polluted to surrounding enviroment, because burning is insufficient, residual have a considerable amount of combustibles by landfill after, not dead germ, virus are brought back to life procreation again, cause to second environmental pollution serious harm people's living environment; Another is the high power plasma burning facility, and as Chinese patent CN2469328Y, it is exactly one of them that name is called " extraordinary rubbish plasma incinerator ", burns remarkable advantage thorough, environmentally safe though have; But, because heating the place with high power plasma generator, its combustion chamber buries rubbish, cause the incinerator power consumption big, and equipment operation cost height is applied and is limited to.

Summary of the invention

The objective of the invention is to: for the user provides a kind of disposal of refuse thorough, do not produce environmental pollution, power consumption and low refuse treatment plant and the processing method of operation cost.

The objective of the invention is to realize by the enforcement following technical proposals:

A kind of low energy consumption non-environmental-pollution refuse treatment plant, by low energy consumption plasma incinerator, for this incinerator internal heater is the system that plasma generator provides job security, the gas burning system and the supply air system of combustion gas and combustion air are provided respectively to this incinerator, and be connected with this tail gas from incinerator floss hole and extract the exhaust treatment system that its tail gas carries out harmless treatment and form, it is characterized in that: by comprising stove outer covering, the heat-insulation layer of housing inboard, the incinerator that the combustion chamber that the heat-insulation layer inboard is constructed by high-temperature refractory is formed, its combustion chamber is separated into by the neutral refractory next door, following two combustion chambers; In upper combustion chamber is subsidiary combustion chamber, the material conveying box of logical charging aperture, following logical main chamber is housed the end of to from the top, the low-power plasma generator that passes the subsidiary combustion chamber sidewall is seated in the subsidiary combustion chamber chamber, also is respectively arranged with the measuring system of temperature in air inlet, exhaust port and the subsidiary combustion chamber that is connected with supply air system, exhaust emissions treatment system outside the stove on the subsidiary combustion chamber sidewall; In main chamber, the gas nozzle, air inlet and the indoor temperature measuring system that are connected with the outer combustion gas system of stove, supply air system are housed respectively on its sidewall, the intermediate bulkheads of major and minor combustion chamber is provided with the blast tube mouth, is provided with facing to roof material conveying box mouth in main chamber bottom, can carries the slag sliding grate by what this chamber rear wall move to the antetheca slag-drip opening.

Additional technical feature is: 1. the system of job security is provided for plasma generator in the incinerator, by the plasma arc power that heat energy is provided by plasma generator, provide working media gas air supply system, the protection gas air supply system of cathodic protection is provided and prevents that plasma generator negative electrode, the overheated water cooling system of anode from being formed.2. between the heat-insulation layer and outer wall of combustion chamber that burn body of heater, be provided with the air blanketing that is communicated with air inlet.3. the lime-ash accumulator tank is set near the slag-drip opening in main chamber, stripped generators such as low-power are installed above this lime-ash accumulator tank.4. the feed appliance that is communicated with subsidiary combustion chamber its top feed mouth is housed on the incinerator top cover.5. on the subsidiary combustion chamber sidewall, be provided with the gas nozzle of external pipe.6. year slag sliding grate of main chamber bottom is to be the high preceding low staged fire grate in back.7. be connected with the tail gas from incinerator floss hole and extract the exhaust treatment system that its tail gas carries out harmless treatment, by the condenser that is connected with the tail gas from incinerator floss hole by pipeline, in being connected with the condenser efferent duct and scrubbing tower, the waste liquid pool that is connected with this wash tower bottoms export pipeline reaches the carbon fiber absorption tower that connects by pipeline respectively, the air-introduced machine that is connected with this adsorption tower middle part exhaust outlet by pipeline, the exhaust chimney that is connected with the air-introduced machine gas exhaust piping, by pipeline with in the alkaline detergent solution service tank that is connected with scrubbing tower top inlet, the condenser hot water fairlead that is connected with carbon fiber absorption top of tower inlet, and the pipeline of an end connection carbon fiber absorption tower bottom outlet other end connection wastewater disposal basin is formed.8. in the incinerator subsidiary combustion chamber, near being provided with heat exchanger near the exhaust port, the water inlet pipe mouth of this heat exchanger by pipeline and stove outward wastewater disposal basin be connected, the hot water outlet of heat exchanger is connected with UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN equipment by pipeline.

This equipment of use is to the processing method of rubbish, by to the preheating of rubbish oven dry, to the burning of oven dry rubbish, and formed burning the technology that the gas that produces and ash content carry out harmless treatment, it is characterized in that: to the burning process of oven dry rubbish, in regular turn by in the pyrolysis of rubbish under 600 ℃～800 ℃ temperature, pyrolysis gas clean-burning step under 1100 ℃～1400 ℃ high temperature is formed; The technology that the gas that burn to produce and ash content are carried out harmless treatment is by the cooling of the sour gas that in regular turn burning is produced fully, handle, neutral gas is removed the ashes that contains dioxin, and each step that clean innocuous gas enters atmosphere formed by carbon fiber absorption the neutrality of sour gas; The technology that the ash content that burning is produced carries out harmless treatment, be meant the ash content that burn to produce once more through 1100 ℃～1400 ℃ high-temperature process, will be wherein unburned remnant is last completely handles fully, and the gas that produces is made the step of above-mentioned same harmless treatment.

The advantage of present device is: owing to adopt rubbish first preheating in subsidiary combustion chamber, then enter in the main chamber by the fuel gas buring pyrolysis, the gas that is generated enters in the subsidiary combustion chamber again, 1100 ℃～1400 ℃ room temperatures that produce by plasma generator and the air of input, with its completing combustion, the acid high-temperature tail gas that produces, in the condenser cooling enters and after removing acidity in the scrubbing tower, neutral cooled exhaust gas enters carbon fiber absorption tower, the ashes that contains dioxin in the tail gas is attached by absorbing carbon fiber, and the gas of nonhazardous is discharged into atmosphere by air-introduced machine and chimney; In this process, plasma generator and combustion gas as thermal source are used, different with the high power plasma burning facility, the used plasma generator of this incinerator is lower powered, be generally about 30KW, and the used plasma generator power of high power plasma burning facility is more than 100KW, simultaneously, the main chamber furnace temperature of this stove is produced to indoor jet combustion by the gas nozzle intermittent pulse type, because required furnace temperature is not high, be about to refuse pyrolysis at 600 ℃～800 ℃, thereby used gas quantity is few, compares with the high power plasma burning facility, the power consumption of this incinerator is low, and operation cost is low; Compare with pure gas-fired incinerator, because this stove subsidiary combustion chamber is under the baking of 30KW plasma generator, make furnace temperature up to 1100 ℃～1400 ℃, therefore, from pyrolysis in the main chamber and imperfect combustion gas, it is very thorough to burn under this high-temperature oxygen environment of subsidiary combustion chamber, and this is that pure gas-fired incinerator can't be compared; Another is at advantage: the water in the wastewater disposal basin is introduced heat exchanger in the incinerator by pipeline, make full use of in the stove waste heat hot water is drawn use, make this equipment carry out reasonable use to heat energy and water resource, thereby avoided waste to save operation cost; Another outstanding advantage of the present invention is, incinerator is simple in structure, be particularly suitable for miniaturization, floor space is little, operation cost is low, be convenient to popularize.

Waste disposal method of the present invention, have technological process short, easy to control, garbage disposal fully, do not produced outstanding advantages such as environmental pollution.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is an incinerator perspective view of the present invention

Fig. 2 is an incinerator A-A vertical profile structural representation of the present invention

Fig. 3 is a low energy consumption refuse treatment plant overall structure schematic diagram of the present invention

Fig. 4 is a garbage treating process flow chart of the present invention

Mark among the figure: 1 is the incinerator shell, 2 is heat-insulation layer, 3 is the subsidiary combustion chamber air inlet, 4 is the air blanketing that is communicated with air inlet, 5 is the heating low-power plasma generator in the subsidiary combustion chamber, 6 is subsidiary combustion chamber, 7 is main, next door between subsidiary combustion chamber, 8 for handling the plasma generator of lime-ash in the clinker groove, 9 is main chamber, 10 is slag-drip opening, 11 for storing the clinker groove of lime-ash, 12 for carrying slag staged mobile grate, 13 is the gas nozzle of main chamber, 14 is the air inlet of main chamber, and 15 is the combustion chamber refractory wall, and 16 is material conveying box, 17 is feed appliance, 18 is the subsidiary combustion chamber exhaust port, 19,20 for being respectively main, the temperature measurement system of subsidiary combustion chamber, 21 is main, blast tube mouth between subsidiary combustion chamber, 22 are low energy consumption plasma incinerator, 23 is the plasma arcs electrical power control cabinet, 24 is condenser, and 25 is in the tail gas and scrubbing tower, and 26 are carbon fiber absorption tower, 27 is air-introduced machine, 28 is exhaust chimney, and 29 is waste liquid pool, and 30 is the cleaning solution service tank, 31 is condenser cold water inlet pipe, 32 is condenser hot water fairlead, 33 be in and the cleaning solution of scrubbing tower enter pipe, 34 be in and scrubbing tower waste liquid fairlead, 35 is neutral tail gas fairlead, 36 is waste pipe, 37 wastewater disposal basins, 38,39 is pipeline.

The specific embodiment

A kind of low energy consumption non-environmental-pollution refuse treatment plant, by low energy consumption plasma incinerator 22, for incinerator 22 internal heaters are plasma generator 5 plasma arc power, working media gas air supply system, cathodic protection gas air supply system that job security is provided, prevent plasma generator negative electrode, the overheated water cooling system of anode, the gas burning system of combustion gas and combustion air and supply air system are provided respectively, are connected with the exhaust port 18 of incinerator 22 and extract the exhaust treatment system that its tail gas carries out harmless treatment and form to incinerator 22; By stove outer covering 1, the heat-insulation layer 2 of shell inboard, heat-insulation layer 2 inboard and

air inlets

3,14 air blanketings 4 that are communicated with, and the incinerator 22 formed of the combustion chamber of constructing by high-temperature refractory, its combustion chamber is separated into by neutral refractory next door 7, following two

combustion chambers

6,9, in upper combustion chamber is subsidiary combustion chamber 6, from Top logical housing feed appliance 17 was housed the end of to, the material conveying box 16 of following logical main chamber 9, the low-power plasma generator 5 that passes subsidiary combustion chamber 6 sidewalls is seated in subsidiary combustion chamber 6 chambeies, on subsidiary combustion chamber 6 sidewalls, also be respectively arranged with stove outside supply air system, the air inlet 3 that the exhaust emissions treatment system connects, the measuring system 19 of exhaust port 18 and burning indoor temperature is provided with heat exchanger near exhaust port 18; In main chamber, the gas nozzle 13, air inlet 14 and the indoor temperature measuring system 20 that are connected with the outer combustion gas system of stove, supply air system are housed respectively on its sidewall, the intermediate bulkheads 7 of major and minor combustion chamber is provided with blast tube mouth 21, be provided with facing to roof material conveying box mouth 16 in main chamber 9 bottoms, can move staged fire grate 12 by the slag that carries that this chamber rear wall moves to antetheca slag-drip opening 10, lime-ash accumulator tank 11 is set near slag-drip opening 10, stripped generators 8 such as low-power are installed above it; Be connected the exhaust treatment system that its tail gas of extraction carries out harmless treatment with the exhaust port 18 of incinerator 22, by the condenser 24 that is connected with tail gas from incinerator floss hole 18 by pipeline, in being connected with condenser 24 efferent ducts and scrubbing tower 25, waste liquid pool 29 that is connected with these scrubbing tower 25 outlet at bottom pipelines and carbon fiber adsorb tower 26 respectively, the air-introduced machine 27 that is connected with these adsorption tower 26 middle part exhaust outlets by pipeline, the exhaust chimney 28 that is connected with air-introduced machine 27 gas exhaust pipings, by pipeline with in the alkaline detergent solution service tank 30 that is connected with scrubbing tower 25 tops inlets, the condenser hot water fairlead 32 that is connected with carbon fiber absorption tower 26 tops inlet, one end connects the pipeline 36 that the carbon fiber absorption tower 26 outlet at bottom other ends connect wastewater disposal basin 37, the pipeline 38 that is communicated with waste liquid pool 29 and cleaning solution service tank 30, and the water pipe 39 all assemblies that connect heat exchanger in wastewater disposal basin 37 and the incinerator subsidiary combustion chamber 6 constitute.

Whole furnace superintendent * wide * height=2.91 * 1.70 * 3.81m that burns ³

Main chamber length * wide * height=2.50 * 1.20 * 0.93m ³

The thick 300mm of four sidewalls and bottom is built into by anti-1700 ℃ refractory material; The Top wall is the next door of major and minor combustion chamber, is that the refractory material of 120mm is built into by thickness, has the blast tube mouth of 300 * 960mm on it; Have the air inlet of 6 Φ 60mm on the sidewall, each mouthful air intake flow is 250～800M ³/ hour adjustable; Two gas nozzles are set, each nozzle ejection flow 10～25M on the sidewall ³/ hour adjustable; In the main chamber staged carry come and go before and after the slag hearth row per minute 2～10 times adjustable; The 30KW plasma generator of handling lime-ash is equipped with near the slag-drip opening 10 clinker groove 11 tops.

Subsidiary combustion chamber length * wide * height=2.50 * 1.20 * 0.80m ³

Perisporium is that thickness 120mm refractory material is built into, and has the air inlet of 6 Φ 60mm on the sidewall, and each mouthful air intake flow is 250～800M ³/ hour adjustable; Exhaust port on the sidewall is of a size of Φ 400mm, and its exhaust emissions flow is 4600～6500M ³/ hour adjustable; Indoor plasma generator power 30KW, the plasma arc of generation long 300mm, diameter 200mm during work, its central temperature is up to 10,000 degree, and peripheral temperature reaches 3000 ℃, can make the subsidiary combustion chamber temperature reach 1400 ℃.

Shell is the 1.5mm thick carbon steel plate; Heat-insulation and heat-preservation bed thickness 240mm.

This equipment operation principle is as follows: start plasma generator 5 and air inlet 3 work in the subsidiary combustion chamber 6, indoor temperature is increased to 1100 ℃～1400 ℃, rubbish is sent in the material conveying box 16 in the subsidiary combustion chamber after the preheating by feed appliance 17, entering main chamber 9 drops on the staged fire grate 12, open gas nozzle 13 toward indoor spray combustion gas, make room temperature reach 600 ℃～800 ℃, rubbish pyrolysis under this temperature, the blast tube mouth 21 of gas on roof that produces enters in the subsidiary combustion chamber 6, under 1100 ℃～1400 ℃ high temperature, decompose fully, tail gas after the decomposition is extracted out by exhaust port 18, after condenser 24 coolings, removing acidity in entering and in the scrubbing tower 25 becomes neutral gas, enters in the carbon fiber absorption tower 26 to carry out gas solid separation again, and the ashes that contains dioxin is adsorbed by carbon fiber, purify (GB18484-2001 up to standard, " dangerous waste incineration pollution control criterion ") after, gas is extracted out by air-introduced machine 27 from carbon fiber absorption tower 26 lower part outlets, is discharged into atmosphere through chimney 28; The lime-ash that in main chamber 9, generates on the fire grate 12, send in the clinker groove 11 by this fire grate, be stored to a certain amount of after, start the 30KW plasma generator 8 of slag chute top, lime-ash is carried out 3～5 minutes high-temperature process, open slag-drip opening 10 then and see off again by designated lane and handle; When the ashes of the carbon fiber absorption in the carbon fiber absorption tower 26 reached a certain amount of, the hot-water line 32 that can open on the condenser 24 entered in the carbon fiber absorption tower 26 hot water, purifies carbon fiber with the hot water injection, and the waste water after the flushing 36 is sent into wastewater disposal basin 37 by the road; To from condenser 24 comes out to enter and the tail gas in the scrubbing tower 25 when removing acid treatment, cleaning solution in the cleaning solution service tank 30 must be introduced in the scrubbing tower 25 by pipeline 33, and the waste liquid after the washing 34 enters in the waste liquid pool 29 by the road, waste liquid pool 29 fuses by pipeline 38 and valve with cleaning solution service tank 30, both can carry out cycling and reutilization, and avoid again environment is produced pollution waste liquid; Wastewater disposal basin 37 had both effectively utilized the burner exhaust heat of incinerator by the heat exchanger that pipeline 39 connects in the incinerator, had reasonably utilized the water resource in the wastewater disposal basin 37 again, had avoided waste to save operation expenses.

Claims

1, a kind of low energy consumption non-environmental-pollution refuse treatment plant, by low energy consumption plasma incinerator (22), for this incinerator (22) internal heater is the system that plasma generator (5) provides job security, the gas burning system and the supply air system of combustion gas and combustion air are provided respectively to this incinerator (22), and be connected with this tail gas from incinerator floss hole (18) and extract the exhaust treatment system that its tail gas carries out harmless treatment and form, it is characterized in that: by comprising stove outer covering (1), the heat-insulation layer of housing inboard (2), the incinerator that the combustion chamber that the heat-insulation layer inboard is constructed by high-temperature refractory is formed, its combustion chamber is by neutral refractory next door (7), be separated into, following two combustion chambers (6,9); In upper combustion chamber is subsidiary combustion chamber (6), the material conveying box (16) of logical charging aperture, following logical main chamber (9) is housed the end of to from the top, the low-power plasma generator (5) that passes subsidiary combustion chamber (6) sidewall is seated in the chamber of subsidiary combustion chamber (6), also is respectively arranged with the temperature measurement system (20) in air inlet (3), exhaust port (18) and the subsidiary combustion chamber (6) that is connected with supply air system, exhaust emissions treatment system outside the stove on the sidewall of subsidiary combustion chamber (6); In main chamber (9), the gas nozzle (13), air inlet (14) and the indoor temperature measuring system (19) that are connected with the outer combustion gas system of stove, supply air system are housed respectively on its sidewall, the intermediate bulkheads of major and minor combustion chamber (7) is provided with blast tube mouth (21), is provided with facing to roof material conveying box mouth (16) in main chamber (9) bottom, can carries slag sliding grate (12) by what this chamber rear wall move to antetheca slag-drip opening (10).

2, according to the described refuse treatment plant of claim 1; it is characterized in that: for plasma generator in the incinerator (5) provides the system of job security, by the plasma arc power that heat energy is provided by plasma generator, provide working media gas air supply system, the protection gas air supply system of cathodic protection is provided and prevents that plasma generator negative electrode, the overheated water cooling system of anode from being formed.

3, according to the described refuse treatment plant of claim 1, it is characterized in that: between the heat-insulation layer (2) and combustion chamber (6,9) outer wall of incinerator, be provided with the air blanketing (4) that is communicated with air inlet (3,14).

4, according to the described refuse treatment plant of claim 1, it is characterized in that: lime-ash accumulator tank (11) is set near the slag-drip opening (10) in main chamber (9), stripped generators (8) such as low-power is installed in the top of this lime-ash accumulator tank (11).

5, according to the described refuse treatment plant of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the feed appliance (17) that is communicated with subsidiary combustion chamber (6) its top feed mouth is housed on the incinerator top cover.

6, according to the described refuse treatment plant of claim 1, it is characterized in that: on subsidiary combustion chamber (6) sidewall, be provided with the gas nozzle of external pipe.

7, according to the described refuse treatment plant of claim 1, it is characterized in that: year slag sliding grate of main chamber (9) bottom is to be the high preceding low staged mobile grate (12) in back.

8, connect according to one of claim 1 to 7 described refuse treatment plant, it is characterized in that: be connected with the exhaust port (18) of incinerator (22), extract the exhaust treatment system that its tail gas carries out harmless treatment, by the condenser (24) that is connected with tail gas from incinerator floss hole (18) by pipeline, in being connected with the condenser efferent duct and scrubbing tower (25), the waste liquid pool (29) that is connected with this scrubbing tower (25) outlet at bottom pipeline (34) reaches the carbon fiber absorption tower (26) that connects by pipeline (35) respectively, the air-introduced machine (27) that is connected by pipeline (40) and this adsorption tower (26) middle part exhaust outlet, the exhaust chimney (28) that is connected with the air-introduced machine gas exhaust piping, by pipeline (33) with in the alkaline detergent solution service tank (30) that is connected with scrubbing tower (25) top inlet, the condenser hot water fairlead (32) that is connected with carbon fiber absorption tower (26) top inlet, and one end connect carbon fiber absorption tower (26) outlet at bottom, the other end connects the pipeline (36) of wastewater disposal basin (37) and forms.

9, according to the described refuse treatment plant of claim 1, it is characterized in that: in incinerator subsidiary combustion chamber (6), near being provided with heat exchanger near the exhaust port (18), the water inlet pipe mouth of this heat exchanger is connected by the outer wastewater disposal basin (37) of pipeline (39) and stove, and the hot water outlet of heat exchanger is connected with UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN equipment by pipeline.

10, carry out the method for garbage disposal according to the refuse treatment plant of one of claim 1 to 9, by to the preheating of rubbish oven dry, to the burning of oven dry rubbish, and formed burning the technology that the gas that produces and ash content carry out harmless treatment, it is characterized in that: to the burning process of oven dry rubbish, in regular turn by in the pyrolysis of rubbish under 600 ℃～800 ℃ temperature, pyrolysis gas clean-burning step under 1100 ℃～1400 ℃ high temperature is formed; The technology that the gas that burn to produce and ash content are carried out harmless treatment is by the cooling of the sour gas that in regular turn burning is produced fully, remove acid treatment, the neutral gas after the deacidification is removed the ashes that contains dioxin, and each step that clean innocuous gas enters atmosphere formed by carbon fiber absorption the neutralization of sour gas; The technology that the ash content that burning is produced carries out harmless treatment, be meant the ash content that burn to produce once more through 1100 ℃～1400 ℃ high-temperature process, will be wherein unburned remnant is last completely handles fully, and the gas that produces is made the step of above-mentioned same harmless treatment.