CN100491578C - Low modulus high damping amorphous carbon fiber aluminium based composite material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Low modulus high damping amorphous carbon fiber aluminium based composite material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN100491578C CN100491578C CNB2006100106001A CN200610010600A CN100491578C CN 100491578 C CN100491578 C CN 100491578C CN B2006100106001 A CNB2006100106001 A CN B2006100106001A CN 200610010600 A CN200610010600 A CN 200610010600A CN 100491578 C CN100491578 C CN 100491578C
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Abstract
The invention discloses a low-modular high-resistance amorphous carbon fiber aluminium-base composite material and preparing method, which consists of 10-25% amorphous carbon fiber and 75-90% aluminium-base. The preparing method comprises the following steps: 1. allocating 10-25% amorphous carbon fiber and 75-90% aluminium-base; putting allocated materials on the planet-typed balling machine to blend powder with ball material rate at 2: 1; 2. placing composite powder in the graphite mould to press and mould; putting the disposed material in the vacuum hot-pressed furnace to obtain the product.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the preparation method of carbon fiber aluminum-based compound material.
Background technology
Damping material is meant to have the due intensity of structured material and can change vibrational energy into heat energy quickly and used up material by damping process (in-fighting).At present, damping material has been widely used in fields such as aerospace, nuclear industry and military equipment and land transport facility, heavy industry, mechanical industry, light industry, textile industry, heavy construction.Carbon fiber is an optimal strongthener in the matrix material, and it has premium propertiess such as high strength, high ratio modulus, excellent heat physical properties, chemical stability, damping shock absorption noise reduction.But its cost height and manufacturing process difficulty.Existing vibration reducing measure has following two kinds of approach: the one, adopt vibration-proof structure in the vibration source exterior design; The 2nd, adopt damping material.The design that in a lot of fields damping is made up except the damping capacity to material has higher requirement, also requires it to have high structure efficiency, promptly under the condition that guarantees member mechanics structure properties, and the light weight of member, volume minimum.Though adopt first method can play damping effect, this auxiliary structure can increase the volume of equipment; And for second method, though have good damping performance, its density is big for traditional damping material (for example Mn-Cu alloy, graphitic pig iron, wrought iron etc.).
Summary of the invention
The present invention is in order to solve existing carbon-fibre composite, manufacturing process difficulty, adopt conventional vibration-proof structure can play damping effect, but this auxiliary structure can increase the volume of equipment, and adopt its big problem of density of traditional damping material (as Mn-Cu alloy, graphitic pig iron, wrought iron etc.), a kind of preparation method of low modulus high damping amorphous carbon fiber aluminium based composite material is provided, and the concrete technical scheme that addresses the above problem is as follows:
The present invention is by amorphous carbon fiber and aluminium base compound making, by volume the umber amorphous carbon fiber be 10～25%, aluminium base be 90～75%.
Low modulus high damping amorphous carbon fiber aluminium based composite material preparation method's of the present invention step is as follows:
Step 1, by volume umber get amorphous carbon fiber be 10～25%, aluminium base be 90～75%, the wrought aluminium particle for preparing and amorphous carbon fiber are put into are mixed powder on the planetary ball mill, ratio of grinding media to material is 2:1, mixes powder 8～10 hours;
Step 2, the powder that step 1 is mixed powder are put into graphite jig coldmoulding, then the material of graphite jig and coldmoulding is put into vacuum hotpressing stove and be heated to 540～580 ℃, beginning applies 20～30MPa pressure to material, pressure was kept 20～40 minutes, cool to room temperature with the furnace, low modulus high damping amorphous carbon fiber aluminium based composite material is promptly prepared in the demoulding.
The present invention joins the amorphous carbon fiber of 10～25% volume parts in 6061 aluminum substrates, has not only strengthened matrix material, and this material has than traditional damp alloy material littler density is arranged, and than wrought aluminium alloy more good damping property is arranged.Simultaneously it also to have low density, high specific strength, light weight, volume little, and good plasticity, toughness and processing characteristics, and cost is low.Be widely used in fields such as aerospace, nuclear industry and military equipment and land transport facility, heavy industry, mechanical industry, light industry, textile industry, heavy construction.
Embodiment
Embodiment one: present embodiment is by amorphous carbon fiber and aluminium base compound making, by volume the umber amorphous carbon fiber be 10～25%, aluminium base be 90～75% to form.
Amorphous carbon fiber strengthens body and adopts Japanese XN-0 5C type amorphous carbon fiber, and its volume parts is 10～25%, and length is 80～100 μ m.Aluminium base employing 6061 wrought aluminium particles, particle size is 10～30 μ m.
Embodiment two: present embodiment by volume umber by amorphous carbon fiber be 10%, aluminium base be 90% to form.
Embodiment three: present embodiment by volume umber by amorphous carbon fiber be 17%, aluminium base be 83% to form.
Embodiment four: present embodiment by volume umber by amorphous carbon fiber be 25%, aluminium base be 75% to form.
Embodiment five: present embodiment preparation method's step is as follows:
Step 1, by volume umber get amorphous carbon fiber be 10～25%, aluminium base be 90～75%, the amorphous carbon fiber for preparing and wrought aluminium particle are put into are mixed powder on the planetary ball mill, ratio of grinding media to material is 2:1, mixes powder 8～10 hours;
Step 2, the powder that step 1 is mixed powder are put into graphite jig coldmoulding, then the material of graphite jig and coldmoulding is put into vacuum hotpressing stove and be heated to 540～580 ℃, beginning is to material pressurization 20～30MPa, pressure was kept 20～40 minutes, cool to room temperature with the furnace, low modulus high damping amorphous carbon fiber aluminium based composite material is promptly prepared in the demoulding.
Embodiment six: present embodiment is that with the difference of concrete real mode five it also comprises step 3, will carry out hot-pressed through the amorphous carbon fiber aluminium based composite material behind the step 2 hot pressed sintering, extrusion ratio is 16～25:1, extrusion temperature is 450～550 ℃, be incubated 15～30 minutes, can prepare the higher low modulus high damping amorphous carbon fiber aluminium based composite material of density.
Embodiment seven: present embodiment by volume umber get amorphous carbon fiber be 10%, aluminium base be 90%, wrought aluminium particle for preparing and amorphous carbon fiber are put into and are mixed powder on the planetary ball mill, ratio of grinding media to material is 2:1, mixes 8 hours powder time; Powder is put into graphite jig coldmoulding, then the material of graphite jig and coldmoulding is put into vacuum hotpressing stove and be heated to 580 ℃, apply the pressure of 20MPa, pressure was kept 20 minutes; Carry out hot-pressedly, extrusion ratio is 25:1, and extrusion temperature is 450 ℃, is incubated 20 minutes.Other step is identical with embodiment six with embodiment five.
Embodiment eight: present embodiment by volume umber get amorphous carbon fiber be 17%, aluminium base be 83%, wrought aluminium particle for preparing and amorphous carbon fiber are put into and are mixed powder on the planetary ball mill, ratio of grinding media to material is 2:1, mixes 9 hours powder time; Powder is put into graphite jig coldmoulding, then the material of graphite jig and coldmoulding is put into vacuum hotpressing stove and be heated to 560 ℃, apply the pressure of 25MPa, pressure was kept 30 minutes; Carry out hot-pressedly, extrusion ratio is 25:1, and extrusion temperature is 500 ℃, is incubated 25 minutes.Other step is identical with embodiment six with embodiment five.
Embodiment nine: present embodiment by volume umber get amorphous carbon fiber be 17%, aluminium base be 83%, wrought aluminium particle for preparing and amorphous carbon fiber are put into and are mixed powder on the planetary ball mill, ratio of grinding media to material is 2:1, mixes 9 hours powder time; Powder is put into graphite jig coldmoulding, then the material of graphite jig and coldmoulding is put into vacuum hotpressing stove and be heated to 540 ℃, apply the pressure of 20MPa, pressure was kept 30 minutes; Carry out hot-pressedly, extrusion ratio is 25:1, and extrusion temperature is 550 ℃, is incubated 30 minutes.Other step is identical with embodiment six with embodiment five.
In, the low modulus amorphous carbon fiber is cheap, and elongation is big, fragility is little, can make various fillers and keeps its original length, importantly the intrinsic damp height of amorphous carbon fiber.During this key property has been given, low modulus amorphous carbon fiber application market widely.
And in structural metallic materials, aluminum matrix composite has high specific strength, specific modulus and specific rigidity, has excellent damping performance simultaneously again, and is usually used in fields such as industrial vibration damping such as Aeronautics and Astronautics and electronics, noise reduction because of its low density.
The matrix material of different volumes umber of preparation is carried out hardness test on HV-5 type Vickers hardness tester, load 0.5kg protects lotus time 10s; On INSTRON-1186 universal electrical trier, carry out the normal temperature tension test, measure it and draw the godhead energy.Its mechanical property sees Table shown in one.As seen, the amorphous carbon fiber of 10～25vol.% volume parts is joined in 6061 aluminum substrates, matrix material is reinforced.And 10vol.%C
f/ 6061Al composite material combination property the best, its tensile strength has improved 36% than 6061 aluminium alloys, and unit elongation remains 6.7%.
Adopt DMAQ800 dynamic thermal analysis instrument that the matrix material of the different volumes umber of above-mentioned preparation is at room temperature carried out the damping capacity test of damping-strain amplitude spectrum, the pattern of test is the single armed overarm, and strain amplitude is 10
-4, frequency is 1Hz.Its damping capacity sees Table shown in two.Damping capacity increases than 6061Al alloy when the amorphous carbon fiber content of matrix material is 10～30%.The damping capacity index is preferable when the amorphous carbon fiber content of matrix material is 25%.
C under the different amorphous carbon fiber volume parts of table one
fThe mechanical property of/6061Al matrix material:
C under the different amorphous carbon fiber volume parts of table two
fThe damping capacity of/6061Al matrix material:
| Volume parts (vol.%) | ? 0 | 10 | 15 | 25 | 30 | 40 |
| Damping capacity (10 -3) | 9.4 | 10.9 | 11.9 | 14.7 | 13.3 | 8.8 |
Claims (5)
1, the preparation method of low modulus high damping amorphous carbon fiber aluminium based composite material is characterized in that it comprises the following step:
Step 1, by volume umber get amorphous carbon fiber be 10～25%, aluminium base be 90～75%, the wrought aluminium particle for preparing and amorphous carbon fiber are put into are mixed powder on the planetary ball mill, ratio of grinding media to material is 2:1, mixes powder 8～10 hours;
Step 2, the powder that step 1 is mixed powder are put into graphite jig coldmoulding, then the material of graphite jig and coldmoulding is put into vacuum hotpressing stove and be heated to 540～580 ℃, beginning applies 20～30MPa pressure to material, pressure was kept 20～40 minutes, cool to room temperature with the furnace, low modulus high damping amorphous carbon fiber aluminium based composite material is promptly prepared in the demoulding.
2, the preparation method of low modulus high damping amorphous carbon fiber aluminium based composite material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that it also includes step 3, the amorphous carbon fiber aluminium based composite material after step 2 is finished carries out hot-pressed again, extrusion ratio is 16～25:1, extrusion temperature is 450～550 ℃, be incubated 15～30 minutes, can prepare the higher low modulus high damping amorphous carbon fiber aluminium based composite material of density.
3, the preparation method of low modulus high damping amorphous carbon fiber aluminium based composite material according to claim 2, it is characterized in that by volume umber get amorphous carbon fiber be 10%, aluminium base be that 90% wrought aluminium particle for preparing and amorphous carbon fiber are put into and mixed powder on the planetary ball mill, ratio of grinding media to material is 2:1, mixes 8 hours powder time; Powder is put into graphite jig coldmoulding, then the material of graphite jig and coldmoulding is put into vacuum hotpressing stove and be heated to 580 ℃, apply the pressure of 20MPa, pressure was kept 20 minutes; Extrusion ratio is 25:1, and extrusion temperature is 450 ℃, is incubated 20 minutes.
4, the preparation method of low modulus high damping amorphous carbon fiber aluminium based composite material according to claim 2, it is characterized in that by volume umber get amorphous carbon fiber be 17%, aluminium base be that 83% wrought aluminium particle for preparing and amorphous carbon fiber are put into and mixed powder on the planetary ball mill, ratio of grinding media to material is 2:1, mixes 9 hours powder time; Powder is put into graphite jig coldmoulding, then the material of graphite jig and coldmoulding is put into vacuum hotpressing stove and be heated to 560 ℃, apply the pressure of 25MPa, pressure was kept 30 minutes; Extrusion ratio is 25:1, and extrusion temperature is 500 ℃, is incubated 25 minutes.
5, the preparation method of low modulus high damping amorphous carbon fiber aluminium based composite material according to claim 2, it is characterized in that by volume umber get amorphous carbon fiber be 17%, aluminium base be that 83% wrought aluminium particle for preparing and amorphous carbon fiber are put into and mixed powder on the planetary ball mill, ratio of grinding media to material is 2:1, mixes 9 hours powder time; Powder is put into graphite jig coldmoulding, then the material of graphite jig and coldmoulding is put into vacuum hotpressing stove and be heated to 540 ℃, apply the pressure of 20MPa, pressure was kept 30 minutes; Extrusion ratio is 25:1, and extrusion temperature is 550 ℃, is incubated 30 minutes.
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| CN102051554B (en) * | 2011-01-14 | 2012-07-04 | 南京信息工程大学 | Damping wear-resistant aluminum alloy material and preparation method thereof |
| CN102586703B (en) * | 2012-03-23 | 2013-11-20 | 北京科技大学 | Method for preparing graphite whisker reinforced aluminum matrix composite material |
| CN104099540B (en) * | 2014-08-06 | 2016-05-04 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Be used for the preparation method of the NiTi fiber enhanced intermetallic compound base layer-shaped composite material of vibration and noise reducing |
| CN110453161A (en) * | 2019-09-04 | 2019-11-15 | 山东建筑大学 | A kind of high-strength high conductivity aluminum matrix composite and preparation method thereof |
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