CN107100949B - A kind of combined type composite material brake disc and preparation method and application - Google Patents
A kind of combined type composite material brake disc and preparation method and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN107100949B CN107100949B CN201710249937.6A CN201710249937A CN107100949B CN 107100949 B CN107100949 B CN 107100949B CN 201710249937 A CN201710249937 A CN 201710249937A CN 107100949 B CN107100949 B CN 107100949B
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 224
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 111
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 108
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 105
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 94
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 89
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 89
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- CREMABGTGYGIQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon carbon Chemical compound C.C CREMABGTGYGIQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011203 carbon fibre reinforced carbon Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001192 hot extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011863 silicon-based powder Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012300 argon atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910003465 moissanite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002296 pyrolytic carbon Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011856 silicon-based particle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 13
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910003978 SiClx Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 208000020442 loss of weight Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 244000137852 Petrea volubilis Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001722 carbon compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229960000935 dehydrated alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018182 Al—Cu Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018580 Al—Zr Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003026 anti-oxygenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036760 body temperature Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000280 densification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005087 graphitization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D65/00—Parts or details
- F16D65/02—Braking members; Mounting thereof
- F16D65/12—Discs; Drums for disc brakes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C1/05—Mixtures of metal powder with non-metallic powder
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/10—Alloys based on aluminium with zinc as the next major constituent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
- C22C32/0047—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents
- C22C32/0052—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents only carbides
- C22C32/0063—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents only carbides based on SiC
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D65/00—Parts or details
- F16D65/02—Braking members; Mounting thereof
- F16D65/12—Discs; Drums for disc brakes
- F16D65/125—Discs; Drums for disc brakes characterised by the material used for the disc body
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D65/00—Parts or details
- F16D65/02—Braking members; Mounting thereof
- F16D2065/13—Parts or details of discs or drums
- F16D2065/1304—Structure
- F16D2065/132—Structure layered
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D65/00—Parts or details
- F16D65/02—Braking members; Mounting thereof
- F16D2065/13—Parts or details of discs or drums
- F16D2065/134—Connection
- F16D2065/1344—Connection permanent, e.g. by casting
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D2200/00—Materials; Production methods therefor
- F16D2200/0004—Materials; Production methods therefor metallic
- F16D2200/0026—Non-ferro
- F16D2200/003—Light metals, e.g. aluminium
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D2200/00—Materials; Production methods therefor
- F16D2200/0034—Materials; Production methods therefor non-metallic
- F16D2200/0039—Ceramics
- F16D2200/0047—Ceramic composite, e.g. C/C composite infiltrated with Si or B, or ceramic matrix infiltrated with metal
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D2200/00—Materials; Production methods therefor
- F16D2200/0082—Production methods therefor
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D2250/00—Manufacturing; Assembly
- F16D2250/0007—Casting
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D2250/00—Manufacturing; Assembly
- F16D2250/0023—Shaping by pressure
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of combined type composite material brake disc and preparation method and application；Belong to extraordinary brake disc development technique field.The combined type composite material brake disc includes frictional disk (1) and connection support plate (2)；The material of the frictional disk (1) is carbon ceramic composite material, and the material of connection support plate (2) is the Gradient Aluminum Matrix compound by hot pressing.The combined type composite material brake disc includes that carbon ceramic composite material frictional disk (1) connects support plate (2) with Gradient Aluminum Matrix；Carbon ceramic composite material frictional disk (1) support plate (2) is connected with Gradient Aluminum Matrix by riveting to link into an integrated entity.When brake disc designed by the present invention is applied to high-speed rail, service life is apparently higher than existing product.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of combined type composite material brake disc and preparation method and application；Belong to extraordinary brake disc exploitation
Technical field.
Background technique
Brake disc of high-speed train is one of component the most key in brake apparatus.Speed-raising and damped condition with train
Lower service condition it is severe, huge braking thermic load and thermal shock can generate very big temperature gradient, lead to shape in brake disc
At great thermal stress.It is therefore desirable to which disc material not only has stable, uniform frictional behaviour and higher wear-resisting property
Except, it is necessary to there are higher thermal fatigue property and heating conduction, low elasticity modulus and thermal expansion coefficient, so that braking heat
The rapid loss of energy, is formed by high thermal stress to reduce brake disc friction surface rapid heat cycle.Finally, to mitigate weight under vehicle spring
Amount, disc material need to have lower density.
Currently, the brake disc that High Speed Train in China uses mainly uses cast iron and Forging Steel Brake Disc, such material is in room temperature
With mechanical property, thermal deformation resistant ability and excellent heat stability under high temperature, wearability and processing performance are preferable, often with powder smelting
Golden brake lining composition friction is secondary to be used.But it is heat-resisting consistent with wear-resisting property due to brake disc each section, make fatigue instead
It is inconsistent with abrasion loss, it accelerates fire check and probability and expansion rate occurs, greatly reduce the service life of brake disc.And
And such material heat dissipation effect is bad, high density limits the further promotion of train speed, and energy consumption in train journey is caused to increase
Add.Therefore, development of new disc material is to improve brake disc performance, mitigate the weight of train, raising train speed as main
Trend.
In recent years, domestic and international researcher develop in succession carbon/carbon compound material, aluminum matrix composite, carbon ceramic composite material,
The brake discs new material such as bimetallic material, but all there is the advantage and deficiency of performance in use in various types of materials.Aluminium base is multiple
The thermal conductivity of condensation material is good, is able to achieve disk body rapid cooling, ceramic particle is added, and forming ceramic reinforced aluminum matrix composites can
Loss of weight, but it is low using temperature, and maximum operation (service) temperature is not higher than 400 DEG C, sharp wear will occurs more than this temperature surface, grinds
Damage amount is higher than steel disk abrasion loss.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is used as brake disc after having attempted Gradient Aluminum Matrix and carbon ceramic composite material interworking for the first time.
A kind of combined type composite material brake disc of the present invention, the combined type composite material brake disc includes frictional disk (1)
With connection support plate (2)；The material of the frictional disk (1) is carbon ceramic composite material, and the material of connection support plate (2) is ladder
Spend aluminum matrix composite；Contain SiC in the Gradient Aluminum Matrix, according to SiC content, by Gradient Aluminum Matrix point
At the region E and the region F, the SiC content at any one position is greater than the content of any one position SiC in the region F in the region E；
After frictional disk (1) and connection support plate (2) assembling, combined type composite material brake disc is obtained；Along combined type composite material system
The direction of Moving plate thickness, the minimum range in the region E to frictional disk (1) are less than the region F to the minimum range of frictional disk (1).
A kind of combined type composite material brake disc of the present invention, the connection support plate (2) is by high silicon carbide aluminum-base composite material
Charging tray (2-1) and low-carbon sial based composites disk (2-2) are constituted；The high silicon carbide aluminum matrix composite disk (2-1) with
Mass percent meter includes following raw materials:
20~30wt% of SiC particulate；
Al-Mg-Si-Zr-Sc atomized powder 50-60wt%；
Surplus is Al powder and inevitable impurity；
The Al-Mg-Si-Zr-Sc atomized powder includes following components with mass percent:
Mg 1-7wt%；
Si 25-30wt%；
Zr 0.3-1.0wt%；
0.25~1.0wt% of Sc；
Surplus is Al；Above-mentioned raw materials are the raw material in the region E.
A kind of combined type composite material brake disc of the present invention, the low-carbon sial based composites disk (2-2) is with quality
Percentages include following components:
5~10wt% of SiC particulate；
Zn 7.0-9.6wt%；Preferably 7.0-9.0wt%；
Mg 1.5-3.5wt%；
Cu 2.0-3.0wt%；
Zr 0.15-0.35wt%；
Sc 0.15-0.4wt%；
Surplus is Al powder and inevitable impurity.Said components are the component in the region F.
A kind of combined type composite material brake disc of the present invention, connection support plate (2) and frictional disk (1) pass through riveting and constitute one
Body；After riveting；Along combined type composite material disc thickness direction, the low-carbon sial base connected on support plate (2) is multiple
The minimum range of condensation material disk (2-2) to frictional disk (1) is greater than the high silicon carbide aluminum matrix composite disk in connection support plate (2)
(2-1) arrives the minimum range of frictional disk (1).
A kind of combined type composite material brake disc of the present invention, the combined type composite material brake disc include carbon pottery composite wood
Material frictional disk (1) connects support plate (2) with Gradient Aluminum Matrix；The carbon ceramic composite material frictional disk (1) include the face B and
The face A, the face A are rubbing surface, and the face B is non-rubbing surface；The high silicon carbide aluminum matrix composite disk (2-1) and low-carbon sial
Based composites disk (2-2) constitutes the connection support plate (2) by hot pressing；By frictional disk (1) and connection support plate (2) assembling
Afterwards, along the direction of combined type composite material disc thickness, the high silicon carbide aluminum matrix composite disk (2-1) to the face B is most
Small distance is less than its minimum range for arriving the face A.
A kind of combined type composite material brake disc of the present invention, the carbon ceramic composite material frictional disk (1) includes n frictional disk
Counterbore (3)；
The connection support plate (2) is equipped with n position counterbore (4) corresponding with frictional disk counterbore (3) and m
Mesoporous (5)；Counterbore (4) mesoporous (5) runs through high silicon carbide aluminum matrix composite disk (2-1) and low-carbon silicon aluminum-base composite
Disk of material (2-2)；
Support plate (2) and frictional disk (1) will be connected by frictional disk counterbore (3) and corresponding counterbore (4) with rivet
Cold riveting is connected into an entirety；After cold riveting is connected into an entirety, rivet force is 0.7~1MPa；After cold riveting, obtain combined
Material brake disc, the direction high silicon carbide aluminum matrix composite disk (2-1) along combined type composite material disc thickness arrive the face B
Minimum range is -0.05mm~0.05mm.Preferably, riveting rivet used is copper or steel rivet.
A kind of preparation method of combined type composite material brake disc of the present invention: its scheme are as follows:
Connection support plate (2) is assembled with frictional disk (1)；Obtain the combined type composite material brake disc；It is described
The material of frictional disk (1) is carbon ceramic composite material；The connection support plate (2) is by high silicon carbide aluminum matrix composite disk (2-1)
With low-carbon sial based composites disk (2-2) by being combined；
The high silicon carbide aluminum matrix composite disk (2-1) includes following raw materials by percentage to the quality:
20~30wt% of SiC particulate；
Al-Mg-Si-Zr-Sc atomized powder 50-60wt%；
Surplus is Al powder and inevitable impurity；
The Al-Mg-Si-Zr-Sc atomized powder includes following components with mass percent:
Mg 1-7wt%；
Si 25-30wt%；
Zr 0.3-1.0wt%；
0.25~1.0wt% of Sc；
Surplus is Al；
The low-carbon sial based composites disk (2-2) includes following components by percentage to the quality:
5~10wt% of SiC particulate；
Zn 7.0-9.6wt%, preferably 7.0-9.0wt%；
Mg 1.5-3.5wt%；
Cu 2.0-3.0wt%；
Zr 0.15-0.35wt%；
Sc 0.15-0.4wt%；
Surplus is Al powder and inevitable impurity.
Preferably, a kind of preparation method of combined type composite material brake disc of the present invention, preparation connection support plate
(2) include the following steps:
Step I
High silicon carbide aluminum matrix composite is prepared by the design component of high silicon carbide aluminum matrix composite disk (2-1)；It is right
Gained high silicon carbide aluminum matrix composite carries out roughing, obtains high silicon carbide aluminum matrix composite disk crude green body；
Low-carbon sial based composites are prepared by the design component of low-carbon sial based composites disk (2-2)；It is right
Gained low-carbon sial based composites carry out roughing, obtain low-carbon sial based composites disk crude green body；
Step II
By being beaten to joint face for high silicon carbide aluminum matrix composite disk crude green body and low-carbon sial based composites disk crude green body
It is milled to 0.5~2.5 μm of surface roughness Ra, cleaning, drying；
Step III
The face paste to be connected of high silicon carbide aluminum matrix composite and low-carbon sial based composites after step II is handled
Merge the pressure for applying 20~40MPa along the vertical direction of binding face, hot pressing, hot pressing temperature is 520~620 DEG C, soaking time
It is 5~30 minutes, release later, natural cooling in air obtains Gradient Aluminum Matrix connector green body；
Step IV
The Gradient Aluminum Matrix connector green body of step II is machined to the shape and size of layout design, and
Counterbore (4) and mesoporous (5)；It obtains by high silicon carbide aluminum matrix composite disk (2-1) and low-carbon sial based composites disk
The connection support plate (2) of (2-2) composition.
In industrial applications, in step II, by high silicon carbide aluminum matrix composite and low-carbon sial based composites
Polished to joint face with sand paper, make 0.5~2.5 μm of surface roughness Ra, then with dehydrated alcohol clean surface.
In industrial applications, in step III, hot pressing can be carried out in air.
Preferably, a kind of preparation method of combined type composite material brake disc of the present invention, the high silicon carbide aluminium
The preparation method of based composites disk crude green body includes the following steps:
Step 1
By by design component with taking SiC powder, Al-Mg-Si-Zr-Sc atomized powder, aluminium powder, wherein the granularity of SiC powder be 10~
20 μm, the granularity of Al-Mg-Si-Zr-Sc atomized powder is 50~150 μm, and the granularity of aluminium powder is 50~150 μm；
Step 2
The raw material of step 1 are put into blender, mixing 2~4 hours；
Step 3
Mixture cold is molded, and 250~350MPa of pressing pressure, pressing speed is 5~8mm/min, pressure maintaining 40~50
Second, obtain high silicon carbide aluminum matrix composite green compact；
Step 4
High silicon carbide aluminum matrix composite green compact is sintered in a vacuum furnace, sintering temperature is 550~570
DEG C, soaking time is 1~2 hour, and control furnace pressure is less than or equal to 0.1Pa, then cools to 50 DEG C or less with the furnace and comes out of the stove, obtains
To high silicon carbide aluminum matrix composite sintered blank；
Step 5
Hot pressing or warm and hot forging are carried out to silicon carbide aluminum matrix composite sintered blank obtained by step 4, control hot extrusion or hot forging
Making temperature is 390~440 DEG C, and hot pressing ratio is 8~12:1, and it is 60-90% that warm and hot forging, which controls pass deformation, obtains deformable member；
Step 6
Deformable member is machined out to obtain high silicon carbide aluminum matrix composite disk crude green body by design size.
Preferably, a kind of preparation method of combined type composite material brake disc of the present invention, the low-carbon sial
The preparation method of based composites disk crude green body includes the following steps:
Step is 1.
By design component with SiC particulate, the source Zn, the source Mg, the source Cu, the source Zr, the source Sc, Al is taken, Al is melted in smelting furnace,
Then it will be placed in molten aluminum with the source Zr, the source Sc, the source Cu, Al, SiC particulate taken；It is stirred evenly at 780~900 DEG C；Then it drops
Temperature is added with the source Mg and the source Zn taken to 650~760 DEG C, stirs evenly, refine, stand casting；Obtain slab；
Step is 2.
To step, 1. gained slab carries out Homogenization Treatments, the slab after obtaining Homogenization Treatments；The Homogenization Treatments
Temperature be 460~465 DEG C, the time is 36-48 hours；
Step is 3.
Hot extrusion or warm and hot forging are carried out to the slab after step 2. gained Homogenization Treatments, control hot extrusion or warm and hot forging temperature
Degree is 390~440 DEG C, and hot extrusion ratio is 8~12:1, and it is 60-90% that warm and hot forging, which controls pass deformation, obtains deformable member；
Step is 4.
Deformable member is subjected to solution treatment, solid solubility temperature is 480~510 DEG C, solution time 1~3 hour, water of coming out of the stove later
It quenches or the temperature of oil quenching to part of quenching is 10~40 DEG C；
Step is 5.
After solution treatment, ageing treatment is carried out immediately, control aging temp is 120~130 DEG C, aging time is 20~24
Hour；After ageing treatment, roughing is carried out, low-carbon sial based composites disk crude green body is obtained.
Preferably, a kind of preparation method of combined type composite material brake disc of the present invention, the preparation of frictional disk (1)
Method includes the following steps:
Step A
By charcoal cloth and charcoal felt mass ratio 7.5~9:3~1, by 0 ° without latitude charcoal cloth, Carbon fibe net tire, 90 ° without latitude charcoal cloth, charcoal
For web tire successively after successively circulation superposition, the method using relay-type needle thorn is introducing Carbon fibe beam system perpendicular to laying direction
It is 0.3~0.6g/cm at density32.5D Carbon fibe needle pierce whole felt；
Step B
Carbon fibe needle obtained by step A is pierced whole felt fixation to be placed in high temperature furnace, under an argon atmosphere, in 1500~
2100 DEG C, 3~10 hours preceding high-temperature heat treatments are carried out, pressure is micro-positive pressure, the whole felt before obtaining after high-temperature heat treatment；
Step C
Whole felt after high-temperature heat treatment before step B gained is subjected to chemical vapor deposition pyrolytic carbon processing, is deposited
Uniformly and density is 1.0~1.5g/cm3Low density carbon carbon composite, the carbon-source gas of chemical vapor deposition is methane, third
At least one of alkene, natural gas, diluent gas are nitrogen and/or hydrogen, and the volume ratio of carbon-source gas and diluent gas is 1:1
~3, depositing temperature is 900~1050 DEG C, and sedimentation time is 100~300 hours.
Step D
Under inert protective atmosphere, in 1800~2300 DEG C, the resulting low density carbon carbon composite of step C is carried out high
Warm graphitization processing handles the time 2~5 hours, is machined out into desired shape and size, thickness direction to each face later
The machining allowance with a thickness of 1mm is reserved, and processes the counterbore (3) for connecting support plate connection with aluminum matrix composite；
Step E
The carbon carbon composite green body that step D is obtained is placed in the graphite crucible for being paved with silicon powder, silicon particle size is
0.01~0.1 μm, purity is not less than 99%, and the quality of silicon powder is 1.2~2.0 times of the theoretical silicon powder needed, and carbon carbon is compound
Body of material is lain on silicon powder, then in 1500~1900 DEG C of progress siliconisings in vacuum high temperature furnace, handling the time is 1~2 small
When, interior furnace is negative pressure or the micro-positive pressure for being filled with inert gas, and obtaining density is 1.8~2.5g/cm3Carbon ceramic composite material；
Step F
Thickness face is processed into the thickness gauge of product requirement by carbon ceramic composite material preform made from step E on grinding machine
It is very little, obtain carbon ceramic composite material frictional disk.
A kind of application of combined type composite material brake disc of the present invention, including the brake disc is applied to bullet train
On.
Principle and advantage:
Compared with prior art, advantage with have the active effect that
(1) present invention is not only had using the carbon ceramic composite material of the method preparation of infiltration silicon in carbon carbon composite
Higher mechanical property, and wear resistance and antioxygenic property greatly improve, and compared with steel brake disc, are made pottery with carbon compound
Material can not only realize the significantly loss of weight of train as brake disc, and the thermal stability of carbon ceramic composite brake disc it is high,
No thermal vibration, service life that is wear-resistant, can substantially extending brake disc.
(2) compared with steel brake disc, the present invention is connected using carbon ceramic composite material frictional disk and Gradient Aluminum Matrix
The train brake disk for connecing support plate combination, not only realizes the further loss of weight of train, carbon ceramic composite material frictional disk and gradient
Structure aluminum matrix composite connection support plate binding pattern make material distribution it is more reasonable, the impact strength of brake disc and
Creep resistance significantly improves, and the distribution of entire brake disc body temperature field is improved, and reduces the thermal stress generated when braking about
20%~30%, the loss of brake disc is substantially reduced when braking, and the service life of brake disc substantially extends, and total quality is obtained compared to steel disk
Significantly to reduce.
Aluminum matrix composite connection support plate of the invention uses gradient-structure, selects high-carbon close to carbon pottery frictional disk side
SiClx, the aluminum matrix composite without Cu, high silicon play heat transfer and supporting role to carbon pottery frictional disk in brake.It is close
The temperature that one end of frictional disk is born in brake is much higher than 300 DEG C, and at such a temperature, mechanical property is aobvious for conventional aluminum alloys
Writing reduces, it is therefore desirable to redesign to the material close to one section of frictional disk.Designed high silicon carbide aluminium in the present invention
Be added to a large amount of silicon carbide and silicon in based composites, be not added with copper, the synergistic effect through each component, mechanical property and
Properties of High Temperature Creep is much higher than conventional aluminum alloys.Side selection low-carbon SiClx far from carbon pottery frictional disk contains high Zn, Mg, Cu
Superhigh intensity aluminum matrix composite, effective supporting role is played to high silicon carbide aluminum matrix composite disk.Height is carbonized
The superhigh intensity aluminum matrix composite of silicon, the aluminum matrix composite of high silicon and low-carbon SiClx is by hot pressing connects, since the two is
Same type of material, therefore the shear strength of linkage interface is higher, in conjunction with densification.Compared with whole steel disk, such combined material
Brake disc is expected while significant loss of weight and high thermal conductivity, and the high heat of bring will not cause the significant of material when frictional disk is braked
Creep.
Detailed description of the invention
Attached drawing 1 is the schematic illustration of novel combination type composite brake disk of the present invention；
Attached drawing 2a is the structural schematic diagram of combined type composite material brake disc prepared by embodiment 1；
Attached drawing 2b is the longitudinal sectional view of attached drawing 2a；
Attached drawing 3 is the structural schematic diagram of carbon ceramic composite material friction consolidation disk (1) in Fig. 2 a；
Attached drawing 4a is the structural schematic diagram that aluminum matrix composite connects support plate (2) in Fig. 2 a
Attached drawing 4b is the longitudinal sectional view of Fig. 4 a.
In figure, 1 be frictional disk, 2 be connect support plate, 3 be frictional disk counterbore on frictional disk, 4 be in connection support plate
Counterbore corresponding with 3,5 are mesoporous；2-1 is high silicon carbide aluminum matrix composite disk；2-2 is low-carbon sial based composites
Disk；A is that rubbing surface, the B on frictional disk are non-rubbing surface on frictional disk.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to attached drawing of the invention, technical solution of the present invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that retouched
The embodiment stated is only a part of the embodiment in technical solution recorded in the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
The embodiment of the present invention, every other reality obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts
Example is applied, protection scope of the present invention is belonged to.
Referring to shown in Fig. 2~4, this combined type composite material train brake disk, braking disk body includes that a carbon pottery is compound
Material friction disk 1 connects support plate 2 with a Gradient Aluminum Matrix；Include on carbon ceramic composite material friction consolidation disk 1
Several keyholes 3；Gradient Aluminum Matrix connects support plate 2 by high silicon carbide aluminum matrix composite disk 2-1 and low-carbon SiClx
Aluminum matrix composite disk 2-2；It further include several positions and carbon pottery composite wood in Gradient Aluminum Matrix connection support plate 2
Expect the corresponding counterbore 4 of counterbore 3 and mesoporous 5 of frictional disk 1；Successively carbon ceramic composite material is rubbed with copper or steel rivet
Disk 1 connects the progress cold riveting of support plate 2 with Gradient Aluminum Matrix and links into an integrated entity, and rivet force is 0.7~1MPa, and carbon is made pottery
The non-rubbing surface B of composite material frictional disk 1 is corresponding with the disk C of high silicon carbide aluminum matrix composite disk 2-1.In use, this hair
The bright mesoporous 6 for connecting support plate 2 by aluminum matrix composite is connected with train wheel hub, and carbon ceramic composite material frictional disk 1 rubs
Wiping face A is working face.Braking for a long time when the carbon ceramic composite material frictional disk 1 of brake disc through brake causes thickness to become smaller,
When needing replacing by regulation, demounting bolt, replacement frictional disk be can be used continuously.
In the present embodiment, the preparation method of frictional disk (1) includes the following steps:
Step A
By charcoal cloth and charcoal felt mass ratio 4:1, by 0 ° without latitude charcoal cloth, Carbon fibe net tire, 90 ° without latitude charcoal cloth, Carbon fibe net tire
Successively successively circulation superposition after, use relay-type needle pierce method perpendicular to laying direction introduce Carbon fibe beam be made density for
0.5g/cm32.5D Carbon fibe needle pierce whole felt；
Step B
Carbon fibe needle obtained by step A is pierced whole felt fixation to be placed in high temperature furnace, under an argon atmosphere, in 1800 DEG C,
10 hours preceding high-temperature heat treatments are carried out, pressure is micro-positive pressure, the whole felt before obtaining after high-temperature heat treatment；
Step C
Whole felt after high-temperature heat treatment before step B gained is subjected to chemical vapor deposition pyrolytic carbon processing, is deposited
Uniformly and density is 1.2g/cm3Low density carbon carbon composite, the carbon-source gas of chemical vapor deposition is methane, propylene, day
At least one of right gas, diluent gas are nitrogen and/or hydrogen, and the volume ratio of carbon-source gas and diluent gas is 1:2, deposition
Temperature is 1050 DEG C, and sedimentation time is 200 hours.
Step D
Under inert protective atmosphere, in 2100 DEG C, pyrographite is carried out to the resulting low density carbon carbon composite of step C
Change processing, handles the time 4 hours, is machined out into desired shape and size to each face later, thickness direction reserves thickness
For the machining allowance of 1mm, and process the counterbore (3) that support plate connection is connect with aluminum matrix composite；
Step E
The carbon carbon composite green body that step D is obtained is placed in the graphite crucible for being paved with silicon powder, silicon particle size is
0.05 μm, purity is not less than 99%, and the quality of silicon powder is 2 times of the theoretical silicon powder needed, and carbon carbon composite green body is laid flat
On silicon powder, then in 1800 DEG C of progress siliconisings in vacuum high temperature furnace, handling the time is 2 hours, is negative pressure in furnace or is filled with
The micro-positive pressure of inert gas, obtaining density is 2.5g/cm3Carbon ceramic composite material；
Step F
Thickness face is processed into the thickness gauge of product requirement by carbon ceramic composite material preform made from step E on grinding machine
It is very little, obtain carbon ceramic composite material frictional disk.
In the present embodiment, the preparation of high silicon carbide aluminum matrix composite needed for high silicon carbide aluminum matrix composite disk (2-1)
Method are as follows:
Step is 1.
Ingredient, SiC particulate 30wt%, Al-Mg-Si-Zr-Sc atomized powder 60wt% are carried out as required；
Surplus is Al powder and inevitable impurity；
Wherein the granularity of SiC powder is 20 μm, and the granularity of Al-Mg-Si-Zr-Sc atomized powder is 50 μm, and the granularity of aluminium powder is
100μm；
Step 1. described in Al-Mg-Si-Zr-Sc atomized powder with mass percent include following components:
Mg 7wt%；
Si 30wt%；
Zr 1.0wt%；
Sc 1.0wt%；
Surplus is Al.
Step is 2.
The raw material of step 1. are put into blender, mixing 3 hours.
Step is 3.
Mixture cold is molded, and pressing pressure 300MPa, pressing speed 5mm/min pressure maintaining 40 seconds, obtain high carbonization
Sial based composites green compact.
Step is 4.
High silicon carbide aluminum matrix composite green compact is sintered in a vacuum furnace, sintering temperature is 560 DEG C, heat preservation
Time is 1.5 hours, and control furnace pressure is less than or equal to 0.1Pa, then cools to 50 DEG C or less with the furnace and comes out of the stove, obtains high carbonization
Sial based composites sintered blank.
Step is 5.
To step, 4. gained silicon carbide aluminum matrix composite sintered blank carries out hot pressing, controls hot extrusion or warm and hot forging temperature is
440 DEG C, hot pressing ratio is 10:1, obtains deformable member；
Step is 6.
To gained high silicon carbide aluminum matrix composite deformable member by carry out roughing is sized, spare high silicon carbide is obtained
Aluminum matrix composite.
In the present embodiment, the material of low-carbon sial based composites disk (2-2) is low-carbon sial based composites；Institute
The preparation method for stating low-carbon sial based composites includes the following steps:
Step 1
Match by design component and takes SiC particulate (granularity is 10 μm), the source Zn, the source Mg, the source Cu, the source Zr, the source Sc, Al, then will
It is placed in smelting furnace with the source Zr, the source Sc, the source Cu, Al, SiC particulate taken；It is stirred evenly at 860 DEG C；Then 720 DEG C are cooled to,
It is added with the source Mg and the source Zn taken, stirs evenly, refine, stand casting；Obtain slab；
Step 2
Homogenization Treatments are carried out to slab obtained by step 1, the slab after obtaining Homogenization Treatments；The Homogenization Treatments
Temperature be 460~465 DEG C；Time is 4 hours；
Step 3
Hot extrusion is carried out to the slab after Homogenization Treatments obtained by step 2, the temperature for controlling hot extrusion is 420 DEG C, hot extrusion
Pressure ratio is 9:1, obtains deformable member；
Step 4
Deformable member is subjected to solution treatment, solid solubility temperature is 500 DEG C, solution time 1.5 hours, come out of the stove later water quenching or oil
Quenching to the temperature for part of quenching is 25 DEG C；
Step 5
After solution treatment, ageing treatment is carried out immediately, and control aging temp is 120 DEG C, aging time is 20 hours, is obtained
The low-carbon sial based composites.
Gained low-carbon sial based composites include following components by percentage to the quality:
SiC 8.0wt%；
Zn 9.0wt%；
Mg 2.5wt%；
Cu 2.5wt%；
Zr 0.25wt%；
Sc 0.30wt%；
Surplus is Al and inevitable impurity.
The source Zr used is Al-Zr intermediate alloy；The source Sc is Al-Sc intermediate alloy；The source Cu Al-Cu intermediate alloy.The Zn
Source is pure Zn ingot, and the source Mg is pure Mg ingot.
Step 5 and step 4. products obtained therefrom are obtained into connection support plate (2) by following step:
Step I
By being polished to joint face with sand paper for high silicon carbide aluminum matrix composite and low-carbon sial based composites, make table
1.0 μm of surface roughness Ra, surface then is cleaned with dehydrated alcohol；
Step II
By the high silicon carbide aluminum matrix composite of step I and low-carbon sial based composites to joint face fitting and edge
The vertical direction of binding face applies the pressure of 40MPa, carries out hot pressing in air, and hot pressing temperature is 580 DEG C, soaking time 5
Minute, release later, natural cooling obtains Gradient Aluminum Matrix connector green body；
Step III
The Gradient Aluminum Matrix connector green body of step II is machined to the shape and size of layout design, and is added
Work mesoporous, and the counterbore connecting with carbon ceramic composite material frictional disk, polish each face on grinding machine, obtain being carbonized by height
The connection support plate (2) of sial based composites disk (2-1) and low-carbon sial based composites disk (2-2) composition.
Connection support plate (2) obtained by step III and carbon ceramic composite material frictional disk are passed through into steel rivet；It is made
Moving plate；The performance detection of described brake disc each section is as shown in table 1.Under different braking speed, the friction of brake disc of the present invention
Polishing machine is shown in Table 2.Experiment condition are as follows: dry friction: brake pressure 1MPa, sliding speed are respectively 8ms-1、16m·s-1、
24m·s-1, 2000 turns of coasting distance, mating plate is 30CrMoSiVA steel alloy.
The performance detection value of combined type composite material brake disc each section that 1 embodiment 1 of table is developed
Friction and wear behavior of the combined type composite material brake disc of 2 embodiment 1 of table exploitation under different braking
After each component combination is at brake disc, tested through experiment, with traditional steel brake disc, carbon ceramic Moving plate, aluminium base system
It is multiple that Moving plate, carbon ceramic composite material frictional disk and single high silicon carbide aluminum matrix composite connect support plate combination brake disc, carbon pottery
Condensation material frictional disk is compared with single low-carbon sial based composites connection support plate combination brake disc, and carbon ceramic composite material rubs
It wipes disk and connects support plate combination brake disc with Gradient Aluminum Matrix under high-frequency damped condition, wear-resisting property and mechanics
Performance significantly improves, and thermal stress is greatly reduced.Pure carbon ceramic composite brake disc brake when temperature up to 400~500 DEG C, by
The high heating conduction of aluminum matrix composite, the temperature of combined type composite material brake disc of the invention only have 180 DEG C~300 DEG C.
It is adapted to the design requirement of next-generation high-speed rail completely.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of combined type composite material brake disc, the combined type composite material brake disc includes frictional disk (1) and connection branch
Support plate (2)；It is characterized by: the material of the frictional disk (1) is carbon ceramic composite material, the material of connection support plate (2)
For Gradient Aluminum Matrix；Contain SiC in the Gradient Aluminum Matrix, according to SiC content, by gradient aluminum-base composite material
Material is divided into the region E and the region F, and the SiC content at any one position is greater than any one position SiC in the region F and contains in the region E
Amount；After frictional disk (1) and connection support plate (2) assembling, combined type composite material brake disc is obtained；Along combined type composite material
The direction of disc thickness, the minimum range in the region E to frictional disk (1) are less than the region F to the most narrow spacing of frictional disk (1)
From.
2. a kind of combined type composite material brake disc according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the connection support plate
(2) it is made of high silicon carbide aluminum matrix composite disk (2-1) and low-carbon sial based composites disk (2-2)；The high carbonization
Sial based composites disk (2-1) includes following raw materials by percentage to the quality:
20~30wt% of SiC particulate；
Al-Mg-Si-Zr-Sc atomized powder 50-60wt%；
Surplus is Al powder and inevitable impurity；
The Al-Mg-Si-Zr-Sc atomized powder includes following components with mass percent:
Mg 1-7wt%；
Si 25-30wt%；
Zr 0.3-1.0wt%；
0.25~1.0wt% of Sc；
Surplus is Al；
The low-carbon sial based composites disk (2-2) includes following components by percentage to the quality:
5~10wt% of SiC particulate；
Zn 7.0-9.6wt%；
Mg 1.5-3.5wt%；
Cu 2.0-3.0wt%；
Zr 0.15-0.35wt%；
Sc 0.15-0.4wt%；
Surplus is Al powder and inevitable impurity.
3. a kind of combined type composite material brake disc according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: connection support plate (2) with
Frictional disk (1) is integrally formed by riveting；After riveting；Along combined type composite material disc thickness direction, connection support
The minimum range of low-carbon sial based composites disk (2-2) to frictional disk (1) on disk (2) is greater than in connection support plate (2)
High silicon carbide aluminum matrix composite disk (2-1) arrive frictional disk (1) minimum range.
4. a kind of combined type composite material brake disc according to claim 2, it is characterised in that:
The combined type composite material brake disc includes that carbon ceramic composite material frictional disk (1) connects branch with Gradient Aluminum Matrix
Support plate (2)；The carbon ceramic composite material frictional disk (1) includes the face B and the face A, and the face A is rubbing surface, and the face B is non-rubbing surface；
The high silicon carbide aluminum matrix composite disk (2-1) and low-carbon sial based composites disk (2-2) pass through described in hot pressing composition
It connects support plate (2)；After frictional disk (1) and connection support plate (2) assembling, along the side of combined type composite material disc thickness
To the minimum range of the high silicon carbide aluminum matrix composite disk (2-1) to the face B is less than its minimum range for arriving the face A.
5. a kind of combined type composite material brake disc according to claim 2, it is characterised in that:
The carbon ceramic composite material frictional disk (1) includes n frictional disk counterbore (3)；
The connection support plate (2) is equipped with n position counterbore (4) corresponding with frictional disk counterbore (3) and m mesoporous
(5)；The counterbore (4) and mesoporous (5) run through high silicon carbide aluminum matrix composite disk (2-1) and low-carbon sial base composite wood
Charging tray (2-2)；
Support plate (2) and frictional disk (1) cold riveting will be connected by frictional disk counterbore (3) and corresponding counterbore (4) with rivet
It is connected into an entirety；After cold riveting is connected into an entirety, rivet force is 0.7~1MPa；After cold riveting, combined type composite material is obtained
Brake disc arrives the minimum in the face B along the direction high silicon carbide aluminum matrix composite disk (2-1) of combined type composite material disc thickness
Distance is -0.05mm~0.05mm.
6. a kind of method for preparing the combined type composite material brake disc as described in claim 1-5 any one, feature exist
In:
Connection support plate (2) is assembled with frictional disk (1)；Obtain the combined type composite material brake disc；The friction
The material of disk (1) is carbon ceramic composite material；The connection support plate (2) is by high silicon carbide aluminum matrix composite disk (2-1) and low
Silicon carbide aluminum matrix composite disk (2-2) is by being combined；
The high silicon carbide aluminum matrix composite disk (2-1) includes following raw materials by percentage to the quality:
20~30wt% of SiC particulate；
Al-Mg-Si-Zr-Sc atomized powder 50-60wt%；
Surplus is Al powder and inevitable impurity；
The Al-Mg-Si-Zr-Sc atomized powder includes following components with mass percent:
Mg 1-7wt%；
Si 25-30wt%；
Zr 0.3-1.0wt%；
0.25~1.0wt% of Sc；
Surplus is Al；
The low-carbon sial based composites disk (2-2) includes following components by percentage to the quality:
5~10wt% of SiC particulate；
Zn 7.0-9.6wt%；
Mg 1.5-3.5wt%；
Cu 2.0-3.0wt%；
Zr 0.15-0.35wt%；
Sc 0.15-0.4wt%；
Surplus is Al powder and inevitable impurity.
7. a kind of preparation method of combined type composite material brake disc according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: preparation connects
Support plate (2) is connect to include the following steps:
Step I
High silicon carbide aluminum matrix composite is prepared by the design component of high silicon carbide aluminum matrix composite disk (2-1)；To gained
High silicon carbide aluminum matrix composite carries out roughing, obtains high silicon carbide aluminum matrix composite disk crude green body；
Low-carbon sial based composites are prepared by the design component of low-carbon sial based composites disk (2-2)；To gained
Low-carbon sial based composites carry out roughing, obtain low-carbon sial based composites disk crude green body；
Step II
By being polishing to joint face for high silicon carbide aluminum matrix composite disk crude green body and low-carbon sial based composites disk crude green body
0.5~2.5 μm of surface roughness Ra, cleaning, drying；
Step III
After step II is handled high silicon carbide aluminum matrix composite and low-carbon sial based composites to joint face fitting simultaneously
The pressure for applying 20~40MPa along the vertical direction of binding face, hot pressing along air, hot pressing temperature are 520~620 DEG C, when heat preservation
Between be 5~30 minutes, release later, natural cooling in air obtains Gradient Aluminum Matrix connector green body；
Step IV
The Gradient Aluminum Matrix connector green body of step III is machined to the shape and size and counterbore of layout design
(4) and mesoporous (5)；It obtains by high silicon carbide aluminum matrix composite disk (2-1) and low-carbon sial based composites disk (2-2)
The connection support plate (2) of composition.
8. a kind of preparation method of combined type composite material brake disc according to claim 7, it is characterised in that；
The preparation method of the high silicon carbide aluminum matrix composite disk crude green body includes the following steps:
Step 1
By design component with SiC powder, Al-Mg-Si-Zr-Sc atomized powder, aluminium powder is taken, wherein the granularity of SiC powder is 10~20 μm,
The granularity of Al-Mg-Si-Zr-Sc atomized powder is 50~150 μm, and the granularity of aluminium powder is 50~150 μm；
Step 2
The raw material of step 1 are put into blender, mixing 2~4 hours；
Step 3
Mixture cold is molded, and 250~350MPa of pressing pressure, pressing speed is 5~8mm/min, pressure maintaining 40~50 seconds, is obtained
To high silicon carbide aluminum matrix composite green compact；
Step 4
High silicon carbide aluminum matrix composite green compact is sintered in a vacuum furnace, sintering temperature is 550~570 DEG C, is protected
The warm time is 1~2 hour, and control furnace pressure is less than or equal to 0.1Pa, then cools to 50 DEG C or less with the furnace and comes out of the stove, obtains height
Silicon carbide aluminum matrix composite sintered blank；
Step 5
Hot pressing or warm and hot forging are carried out to high silicon carbide aluminum matrix composite sintered blank obtained by step 4, control hot extrusion or warm and hot forging
Temperature is 390~440 DEG C, and hot pressing ratio is 8~12:1, and it is 60-90% that warm and hot forging, which controls pass deformation, obtains deformable member；
Step 6
Deformable member is machined out to obtain high silicon carbide aluminum matrix composite disk crude green body by design size；
The preparation method of the low-carbon sial based composites disk crude green body includes the following steps:
Step is 1.
By design component with SiC particulate, the source Zn, the source Mg, the source Cu, the source Zr, the source Sc, Al is taken, Al is melted in smelting furnace, then
It will be placed in molten aluminum with the source Zr, the source Sc, the source Cu, Al, SiC particulate taken；It is stirred evenly at 780~900 DEG C；Then it is cooled to
It 650~760 DEG C, is added with the source Mg and the source Zn taken, stirs evenly, refine, stand casting；Obtain slab；
Step is 2.
To step, 1. gained slab carries out Homogenization Treatments, the slab after obtaining Homogenization Treatments；The temperature of the Homogenization Treatments
Degree is 460~465 DEG C, the time is 36-48 hours；
Step is 3.
Hot extrusion or warm and hot forging are carried out to the slab after step 2. gained Homogenization Treatments, hot extrusion is controlled or warm and hot forging temperature is
390~440 DEG C, hot extrusion ratio is 8~12:1, and it is 60-90% that warm and hot forging, which controls pass deformation, obtains deformable member；
Step is 4.
Deformable member is subjected to solution treatment, solid solubility temperature is 480~510 DEG C, solution time 1~3 hour, come out of the stove later water quenching or
The temperature of oil quenching to part of quenching is 10~40 DEG C；
Step is 5.
After solution treatment, ageing treatment is carried out immediately, control aging temp is 120~130 DEG C, aging time is 20~24 small
When；After ageing treatment, roughing is carried out, low-carbon sial based composites disk crude green body is obtained.
9. a kind of preparation method of combined type composite material brake disc according to claim 6, it is characterised in that；Frictional disk
(1) preparation method includes the following steps:
Step A
By charcoal cloth and charcoal felt mass ratio 7.5~9:3~1, by 0 ° without latitude charcoal cloth, Carbon fibe net tire, 90 ° without latitude charcoal cloth, Carbon fibe
Net tire successively successively circulation superposition after, using relay-type needle thorn method perpendicular to laying direction introduce Carbon fibe beam be made it is close
Degree is 0.3~0.6g/cm32.5D Carbon fibe needle pierce whole felt；
Step B
Carbon fibe needle obtained by step A is pierced whole felt fixation to be placed in high temperature furnace, under an argon atmosphere, in 1500~2100
DEG C, 3~10 hours preceding high-temperature heat treatments are carried out, pressure is micro-positive pressure, the whole felt before obtaining after high-temperature heat treatment；
Step C
Whole felt after high-temperature heat treatment before step B gained is subjected to chemical vapor deposition pyrolytic carbon processing, obtains depositing homogeneous
And density is 1.0~1.5g/cm3Low density carbon carbon composite, the carbon-source gas of chemical vapor deposition be methane, propylene,
At least one of natural gas, diluent gas are nitrogen and/or hydrogen, the volume ratio of carbon-source gas and diluent gas be 1:1~
3, depositing temperature is 900~1050 DEG C, and sedimentation time is 100~300 hours；
Step D
Under inert protective atmosphere, in 1800~2300 DEG C, high fire stons is carried out to the resulting low density carbon carbon composite of step C
Blackization processing, handles the time 2~5 hours, is machined out into desired shape and size to each face later, thickness direction reserves
With a thickness of the machining allowance of 1mm, and process the counterbore (3) that support plate connection is connect with aluminum matrix composite；
Step E
The carbon carbon composite green body that step D is obtained is placed in the graphite crucible for being paved with silicon powder, silicon particle size be 0.01~
0.1 μm, purity is not less than 99%, and the quality of silicon powder is 1.2~2.0 times of the theoretical silicon powder needed, by carbon carbon composite base
Body is lain on silicon powder, then in 1500~1900 DEG C of progress siliconisings in vacuum high temperature furnace, handling the time is 1~2 hour, in furnace
It is negative pressure or the micro-positive pressure for being filled with inert gas, obtaining density is 1.8~2.5g/cm3Carbon ceramic composite material；
Step F
Thickness face is processed into the thickness of product requirement by carbon ceramic composite material preform made from step E on grinding machine,
Obtain carbon ceramic composite material frictional disk.
10. a kind of application of the combined type composite material brake disc as described in claim 1-5 any one, including by the braking
Disk is applied on bullet train.
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