CN100487255C - 用于柔软或多孔建筑材料的金属膨胀锚栓 - Google Patents

用于柔软或多孔建筑材料的金属膨胀锚栓 Download PDF

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CN100487255C
CN100487255C CNB2004800224172A CN200480022417A CN100487255C CN 100487255 C CN100487255 C CN 100487255C CN B2004800224172 A CNB2004800224172 A CN B2004800224172A CN 200480022417 A CN200480022417 A CN 200480022417A CN 100487255 C CN100487255 C CN 100487255C
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shell
anchor
expands
anchor pole
expansion anchor
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CN1833111A (zh
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O·哈克
M·林卡
J·绍伊费勒
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Fisher Holdings & Co KG GmbH
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Fischerwerke GmbH and Co KG
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/38Connections for building structures in general
    • E04B1/388Separate connecting elements
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16BDEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B13/00Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose
    • F16B13/04Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose with parts gripping in the hole or behind the reverse side of the wall after inserting from the front
    • F16B13/06Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose with parts gripping in the hole or behind the reverse side of the wall after inserting from the front combined with expanding sleeve
    • F16B13/063Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose with parts gripping in the hole or behind the reverse side of the wall after inserting from the front combined with expanding sleeve by the use of an expander
    • F16B13/065Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose with parts gripping in the hole or behind the reverse side of the wall after inserting from the front combined with expanding sleeve by the use of an expander fastened by extracting the screw, nail or the like

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Dowels (AREA)
  • Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
  • Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及用于柔软或多孔建筑材料的金属膨胀锚栓(1),其中锚栓(1)具有带固定装置(3)和在插入方向上径向加宽的膨胀部分(4)的锚杆(2),带有基体(18)和在基体上布置的胀壳外夹片(16)的胀壳(8)轴向可移动地套装在所述膨胀部分上。为获得这种在非常柔软的建筑材料情况下也能可靠锚定的锚栓,根据本发明,胀壳(8)的外轮廓是多边形(17),并且锚杆(2)与胀壳(8)旋转联结。

Description

用于柔软或多孔建筑材料的金属膨胀锚栓
技术领域
本专利涉及用于柔软或多孔建筑材料的金属膨胀锚栓。
背景技术
在柔软或多孔建筑材料制成的地基上固定是难于解决的,因为这种地基只有很低的载荷承受能力,并且比如钻孔中的表面在锚栓安装过程中容易被损坏。而同样需要注意的是,例如,泡沫混凝土需要在很宽的强度范围下使用。由于这些原因,塑料合缝钉或化学固定在地基中被频繁使用。但是,如果要制造耐火固定件,使用金属膨胀锚栓就很必要了。例如从DE 100 200 482 A1中已知一种这样的膨胀锚栓。这种已知的膨胀锚栓带有锚杆和胀壳,其中锚杆备有用来固定物体的外螺纹。除此之外,锚杆还带有在插入方向上径向加宽的膨胀部分,胀壳可移动地安装在膨胀部分上。胀壳由主体和布置在主体上的胀壳外夹片组成。在安装膨胀锚栓时,通过与锚杆外螺纹上的螺母将锚杆拉入到胀壳中。在此胀壳支承在作为配对支座的螺母上。这样的结果是,胀壳外夹片径向向外膨胀。这种膨胀锚栓的缺点在于,对于非常柔软的建筑材料,当螺母被拧紧时,膨胀锚栓容易作为一个整体一起旋转,使得膨胀无法实现。
发明内容
因此,本发明的任务是获得一种开始所述类型的膨胀锚栓,其在建筑材料非常软的情况下也能可靠锚定。
根据本发明,如下所述的膨胀锚栓解决了这一问题。本发明提出了一种用于柔软或多孔建筑材料并布置在泡沫混凝土的地基中的钻孔内的金属膨胀锚栓,该锚栓具有带固定装置和在插入方向上径向加宽的膨胀部分的锚杆,带有基体和在基体上布置的胀壳外夹片的胀壳轴向可移动地套装在所述膨胀部分上。其特征在于,胀壳的外轮廓是多边形,所述多边形的边缘插入到钻孔的壁内,并且锚杆与胀壳旋转联结。
在根据本发明的锚栓的情况下,胀壳的外部轮廓是多角形的,锚杆与胀壳旋转联结。在将膨胀锚栓放入钻孔中时,多边形-比如四角形-的边缘插入钻孔壁中。从而阻止胀壳旋转。同样的,由于锚杆与胀壳旋转联结,所以也阻止了胀壳旋转。当随后将螺母或类似物在锚杆上拧紧时,锚杆不能随之转动。这保证了胀壳能正常膨胀。与从其它膨胀锚栓已知的胀壳或锚杆上的突出肋或突出凸缘或类似物相比,将多角形作为外部轮廓的胀壳结构形式具有显著优势,因为用简单的几何结构就能在大的面积区域上向多孔地基传递拧紧力矩。锚杆在面对钻孔底部的锚栓末端区域也具有阻止转动的外部轮廓会增强这种效果。
当设计多角形的几何参数时,要注意,它的边缘一方面不需要伸入所钻孔壁太深,因为这样会使得锚栓难以进入钻孔。另一方面,必须保证施加膨胀所需要的力矩时周围的材料不被毁坏。为了保证尤其在膨胀过程一开始时膨胀所需要的力矩尽可能低,在优选实施例中,胀壳外夹片沿直的设定弯折线与主体相连。这可以例如通过多角形的每个表面从主体过渡成胀壳外夹片来实现,也就是说胀壳外夹片在边上是互相分离的。膨胀锚栓由于圆柱形胀壳而通常具有弯曲的设定弯折线,与其相比,本发明膨胀所需要的弯曲力矩明显降低。
锚杆最好由两部分组成,并具有锚杆基础部分,锚杆基础部分的外径在膨胀部分区域变小并且有附加的螺纹。作为第二部分的锥形螺母探疑在该螺纹上。这样胀壳的内径在膨胀部分区域也要小一些,并且能从锚杆基础部分的锥形螺母侧端部安装胀壳。在此这两个半径减小部分起到了轴向限位器作用。其优点是,膨胀锚栓可以在没有作为胀壳用的配对支座的螺母或类似物的情况下插入钻孔中,例如以便直到以后的某个时刻才固定物体。
此外,在本发明的优选实施方式中,在胀壳的主体部分上还连接有同样可在锚杆上轴向移动的间隔套。由此避免了特别坚固但也要特别易弯折的胀壳必须做得非常长。间隔套还用于将轴向膨胀力从螺母传递到胀壳。在优选实施例中,间隔套在远离锚栓末端的一端外径加宽。当锚栓穿过物体的孔安装时,加宽部分可以用作该待固定物体的横向支撑。该孔必须足够大,以使得具有多角形外部轮廓的胀壳可以穿过。因此,为了保证基本没有间隙地横向支撑物体,间隔套的上述加宽外径必须至少外接阻止转动的边缘。为此,间隔套可以由例如两个不同直径的管形部件组成。
附图说明
下面借助附图中所示实施例详细解释本发明。
图1是根据本发明的膨胀锚栓的透视图;
图2是膨胀锚栓的剖视图。
具体实施方式
图1和图2示出了根据本发明的金属膨胀锚栓。膨胀锚栓1用于将构件固定到柔软的地基上,比如泡沫混凝土上(未示出)。膨胀锚栓1带有锚杆2,锚杆2带有用于固定构件的外螺纹3以及直径减小的膨胀部分4,该膨胀部分向锚栓末端5方向圆锥状加宽。锚杆2由锚栓基础部分6和拧在该部分上的锥形螺母7两部分组成。胀壳8轴向可移动地套装在膨胀部分4上。在胀壳8上连有组成间隔套11的两根套管9和10。
为固定构件,将膨胀锚栓插入到地基的钻孔中。这既可以以穿过构件的穿插式安装进行,也可以随后套装构件。垫圈12和螺母13在胀壳8膨胀的过程中起到配对支座的作用。在此锚杆2与锥形螺母7一起被拉入胀壳8中。在此产生的轴向力从锥形螺母7通过胀壳8、间隔套11和垫片12传递到螺母13。这里所示的膨胀锚栓1处于螺母13拧紧前的状态。为了避免锚杆2一起旋转,导致胀壳8无法膨胀,锥形螺母7带有两个凸耳14,它们作为旋转联结件接合在胀壳8的胀壳外夹片16之间的槽15中。胀壳8又实施为四角形17。当膨胀锚栓1插入柔软的地基中时,四角形17插入到钻孔壁中。为了确保膨胀锚栓1易于插入钻孔中,孔的直径约等于锥形螺母7的外径。当然,锥形螺母7本身也可以例如是四角形的,以便辅助阻止转动。
在胀壳膨胀的过程中,胀壳外夹片16径向往外弯曲,插入周围柔软的地基中,并由此形成凹陷。由于胀壳外夹片16沿直的设定弯折线19与胀壳8的主体18相连,所以与其它常见的圆柱形胀壳情况相比,胀壳外夹片16更容易膨胀展开。由此膨胀所需的力矩减小,从即使在相当大的钻孔直径情况下,在钻孔内旋转的趋势也很小。
如果膨胀锚栓1穿插式安装,也就是穿过待固定物体的孔安装,则孔必须足够大,以使得胀壳7能够穿过。为了在安装后能向物体提供良好的横向支撑,间隔套11在其与锚栓末端5相反的一端外径加宽。
与此相反,如果膨胀锚栓1首先插入到钻孔中,然后才安装物体(预埋式安装),则螺母13和垫片12以及可能套管9开始要拆下来,并在物体套装上之后再装上以固定物体。胀壳8的内径和锚栓基础部分6的外径在膨胀部分4附近减小,由此胀壳8可以支承在轴肩20上(图2)。结果是,胀壳8的四角形17插入到周围的地基中,不会相对锚栓基础部分6轴向移动。

Claims (5)

1.一种用于柔软或多孔建筑材料并布置在泡沫混凝土的地基中的钻孔内的金属膨胀锚栓(1),该锚栓(1)具有带固定装置(3)和在插入方向上径向加宽的膨胀部分(4)的锚杆(2),带有基体(18)和在基体上布置的胀壳外夹片(16)的胀壳(8)轴向可移动地套装在所述膨胀部分上,
其特征在于,胀壳(8)的外轮廓是多边形(17),所述多边形(17)的边缘插入到钻孔的壁内,并且锚杆(2)与胀壳(8)旋转联结。
2.根据权利要求1所述的金属膨胀锚栓,其特征在于,胀壳外夹片(16)沿直的设定的弯折线(19)连接在基体(18)上。
3.根据权利要求1所述的金属膨胀锚栓,其特征在于,锚杆(2)由锚杆基础部分(6)以及拧在该基础部分上的锥形螺母(7)两部分构成,其中胀壳(8)的内径和锚杆基础部分(6)的外径在膨胀部分(4)的区域内减少。
4.根据权利要求1所述的金属膨胀锚栓,其特征在于,膨胀锚栓(1)具有间隔套(11),该间隔套轴向可移动地布置在锚杆(2)上,并与胀壳(8)的基体(18)相邻。
5.根据权利要求4所述的金属膨胀锚栓,其特征在于,间隔套(11)在其背离锚杆末端(5)的一端外径加宽。
CNB2004800224172A 2003-08-02 2004-07-21 用于柔软或多孔建筑材料的金属膨胀锚栓 Expired - Fee Related CN100487255C (zh)

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DE10335468A DE10335468A1 (de) 2003-08-02 2003-08-02 Spreizanker aus Metall für weiche oder poröse Baustoffe
PCT/EP2004/008125 WO2005017373A1 (de) 2003-08-02 2004-07-21 Spreizanker aus metall für weiche oder poröse baustoffe

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US9411956B2 (en) 2008-07-02 2016-08-09 Ricoh Company, Ltd. Locked print with intruder detection and management
DE102010016797A1 (de) * 2010-05-05 2011-11-10 Fischerwerke Gmbh & Co. Kg Spreizanker
DE102011050583A1 (de) 2011-05-24 2012-11-29 Fischerwerke Gmbh & Co. Kg Spreizanker
KR101358994B1 (ko) * 2013-11-01 2014-02-05 (주)세종이엔씨 다중 확장 영구앵커 시공 방법
CN103669583A (zh) * 2013-12-04 2014-03-26 江苏安荣电气设备有限公司 一种预埋式后扩底绝缘锚栓及其预埋方法
CN113137417B (zh) * 2021-04-29 2021-12-17 海宁天立金属制品有限公司 一种自适应伸缩膨胀螺钉及其加工装置

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FR2594501A1 (fr) * 1986-02-20 1987-08-21 Lopez Michel Dispositif obturateur, et d'ancrage, et de liaison tubulaire notamment pour obtention de recipients
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CN1104303A (zh) * 1994-09-09 1995-06-28 曹文 内螺母防滑膨胀螺栓

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WO2005017373A1 (de) 2005-02-24
DE502004005374D1 (de) 2007-12-13
EP1649174A1 (de) 2006-04-26
HK1097415A1 (en) 2007-06-22
KR100655368B1 (ko) 2006-12-08
DK1649174T3 (da) 2007-11-26
ATE377157T1 (de) 2007-11-15
JP2007501362A (ja) 2007-01-25
ES2293314T3 (es) 2008-03-16
KR20060032643A (ko) 2006-04-17
CN1833111A (zh) 2006-09-13
PL1649174T3 (pl) 2008-03-31
DE10335468A1 (de) 2005-02-17
EP1649174B1 (de) 2007-10-31
JP4235667B2 (ja) 2009-03-11

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