CN100473993C - Monitor of grounding system - Google Patents
Monitor of grounding system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN100473993C CN100473993C CNB991191560A CN99119156A CN100473993C CN 100473993 C CN100473993 C CN 100473993C CN B991191560 A CNB991191560 A CN B991191560A CN 99119156 A CN99119156 A CN 99119156A CN 100473993 C CN100473993 C CN 100473993C
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- Prior art keywords
- ground
- measured
- grounding
- stud
- circuit
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05F—STATIC ELECTRICITY; NATURALLY-OCCURRING ELECTRICITY
- H05F3/00—Carrying-off electrostatic charges
- H05F3/02—Carrying-off electrostatic charges by means of earthing connections
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R27/00—Arrangements for measuring resistance, reactance, impedance, or electric characteristics derived therefrom
- G01R27/02—Measuring real or complex resistance, reactance, impedance, or other two-pole characteristics derived therefrom, e.g. time constant
- G01R27/16—Measuring impedance of element or network through which a current is passing from another source, e.g. cable, power line
- G01R27/18—Measuring resistance to earth, i.e. line to ground
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R27/00—Arrangements for measuring resistance, reactance, impedance, or electric characteristics derived therefrom
- G01R27/02—Measuring real or complex resistance, reactance, impedance, or other two-pole characteristics derived therefrom, e.g. time constant
- G01R27/20—Measuring earth resistance; Measuring contact resistance, e.g. of earth connections, e.g. plates
- G01R27/205—Measuring contact resistance of connections, e.g. of earth connections
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Measurement Of Resistance Or Impedance (AREA)
- Remote Monitoring And Control Of Power-Distribution Networks (AREA)
- Elimination Of Static Electricity (AREA)
- Testing Of Short-Circuits, Discontinuities, Leakage, Or Incorrect Line Connections (AREA)
- Arrangements For Transmission Of Measured Signals (AREA)
Abstract
A monitor device of grounding system is composed of many grounding monitor units and a main control computer. Said grounding unit consists of power supply, primary detector, buffer, display, comparator, input device, driver, alarm and communication device. The state of grounding current bus and grounding pile in electrostatic grounding system can be detected at any time. If there is failure or abnormal condition, it can sent alarm. Different impedences needed by different trades can be set up. The remote monitor can be further realized.
Description
The invention belongs to the earthed system design field, particularly a kind of status surveillance that is applied to the remote earthed system of multistation.
Earth work is widely used in the integrated circuit manufacturing, precision circuit assembly working place, aircraft in each airport, oiling vehicle of refuelling station or the like is closely or at a distance in the ground connection demand occasion, particularly for the integrated circuit of electrostatic sensitive, the aircraft of electronic component and carrying personnel or high firing property fuel, vehicle, the static and aircrafts that must field personnel's health be had all by the enforcement of earth work, the surface electrostatic that vehicle produces because of running at high speed, import among the earth fully, in the hope of making the manufacturing of electronics spare part, assembly is constructed adding of smooth and easy without hindrance and aircraft and oiling vehicle, can be safer in the emptying action, therefore, at any time the grasp of the quality of this earth work and ground state thereof, monitoring becomes the earth work key of success.
Yet, in the past in order to measure the mode of ground state, be manually regularly or irregularly measuring the grounding resistance between ground strap and ground stud basset on the ground, its measured numerical value only can be described as resistance to earth but not real stake resistance.In fact, real grounding resistance is a very abstract physical quantity, after its institute's ground stud that refers to or earth mat are injected ground current by the external world, the ratio that ground stud or earth mat raise to distant place zero potential, in other words, it should comprise the contact impedance and the impedance of soil own of the own impedance of ground wire, wiring pile or earth mat, ground stud or earth mat and soil, is discharged to the line impedence of line between the ground stud but not only only measure to conflux on the ground.
Above-mentioned stake resistance measures the shortcoming and the technology blind spot of method, is the crack conditions that is to comprise on this ground line between the corrosion of ground stud, earth mat or ground stud and the ground, all can't be measured by effective dose.
Moreover, the stake resistance of above-mentioned routine measures method, the earthed system that there is no standard can be for comparing, only can judge whether ground state is unusual according to staff's experience, not only can't accurately grasp ground state at any time, simultaneously with the ground stud corrosion, break between ground stud and the ground strap, during the ground strap broken string, can't be grasped rapidly and be reacted, have because of system bus when causing making on the line such as integrated circuit, ground stud virtual earth and cause puzzlement, and, be such as the airport, in the refuelling station, except monitoring grounding state at any time, if ground strap, the virtual earth phenomenon of ground stud can't be learnt by monitoring in time, then easily thereby lead to unexpected storms.In addition, on above-mentioned refuelling station, airport, the occasion that belongs to the many strong points of long distance because of ground, so be on the remote condition monitoring of earthed system, then must expend great amount of manpower and equipment, and cause it to implement comparatively difficulty inconvenience, and, if it is desire to reach instant unified Monitoring and Controlling, then also difficult to some extent.
The objective of the invention is to for overcoming the weak point of prior art; a kind of monitoring device of earthed system is provided; with the ground wire in the electric main is standard ground connection; can detect the ground strap of static grounding system to be measured, the state of ground stud at any time; and during unusual or fault, give the alarm in good time and get rid of the unusual or fault of ground connection to remind in ground state.Can set the requirements of the different impedances of various industries according to stake resistance maximum allowable value in the various industry international norms, to reach the state that reaches the subsurface earthed system on the whole ground of accurate reaction monitoring whenever and wherever possible delicately.Can also be in real time the monitoring materials of earthed system be directly transferred to the master control computer equipment as long distance, further reach the long distance monitoring and grasp the effect of ground state.
The present invention proposes a kind of monitoring device of earthed system, it is characterized in that, comprises containing an a plurality of grounding monitors unit and a master control computer apparatus, and wherein, this grounding monitor unit comprises:
One power supply unit is that conversion electric main power supply is the required dc supply of system, and uses the earth terminal that a ground wire of introducing the electric main power supply is linked to this working power, and forms standard ground connection;
One elementary testing circuit, be ground stud to be measured and the ground strap to be measured that links electrostatic grounding to be measured, and be foundation with the standard ground connection in the working power of above-mentioned power supply unit, tentatively detecting the ground state of this ground stud to be measured and ground strap relative standard ground connection to be measured, and converted to relative electrical signal output;
One buffer circuit is that the electrical signal of the ground state of the ground stud to be measured that above-mentioned elementary testing circuit is detected, ground strap to be measured is cushioned and amplifies output;
One display device is in order to showing above-mentioned ground stud to be measured by buffer circuit output, the electrical signal of bus-bar ground state to be measured, can grounding resistance, the corresponding parameter form shows;
One comparator circuit and input media, one input end of comparator circuit, be to link the ground stud to be measured that above-mentioned buffer circuit exports, the electrical signal of ground strap ground state to be measured, another input end then links input media, to import default electrostatic grounding control target, and after comparison, export its result by the output terminal of comparator circuit;
One drive unit and alarm device, drive unit is driven by the output terminal of comparator circuit, when default electrostatic grounding control target that the ground state of described ground stud to be measured, ground strap to be measured surmounts that device imports, drive alarm device and send the ground connection abnormality alarm;
One communicating circuit, be with above-mentioned through buffer circuit output and input comparator circuit-input end ground stud to be measured and the electrical signal of the electrostatic grounding state of ground strap to be measured be sent to described master control computer apparatus, form the grounding monitor system of long distance.
The principle of work of the monitoring device of earthed system of the present invention is: power supply unit, standard ground connection zero potential in the electric main is introduced, and provide system required working power, and with an elementary testing circuit and buffer circuit introducing earthed system to be measured, do detecting of ground connection data in advance, and send into again in the display device and show, and this ground connection data is also sent into this input end of a comparator circuit, and, one input media, in order to input grounding control purpose value another input end to comparator circuit, with above-mentioned ground connection data as a comparison, and under the ground connection abnormality, drive a drive unit, start a circuit for alarming, to send the ground connection abnormality alarm, ground connection data and ground connection abnormality in each above-mentioned grounding monitor unit, and see through a communicating circuit and deliver in the master control computer apparatus and compile, so that the ground state of the static grounding system at each remote strong point is grasped and monitored to the master control computer apparatus at any time, and the binding that sees through communicating circuit understands the on-the-spot record that obtains of monitor by notebook computer in far-end remote measurement whenever and wherever possible, or by self-deciphering of this device and record.
Characteristics of the present invention:
One can detect the ground strap of static grounding system to be measured, the state of ground stud at any time, and, gives the alarm in good time and get rid of the unusual or fault of ground connection to remind during unusual or fault in ground state.
Moreover, the present invention can be according to stake resistance maximum allowable value in the various industry international norms, as the lightning rod ground connection of the lightning protection of buildings, anti static grounding, hospitality industry ground connection, communication ground connection, the petrochemical industry of electronic semi-conductor's industry already be the requirements that blastproof equipment ground or the like is set the different impedances of various industries, to reach the state that reaches the subsurface earthed system on the whole ground of accurate reaction monitoring whenever and wherever possible delicately.
Further, the present invention also can have a communication circuit, directly transfer to the master control computer equipment with real-time monitoring materials as long distance with earthed system, further reach the effect of long distance monitoring and grasp ground state, or by far-end supervision unit, at any time see through this communicating circuit remote measurement with notebook computer and understand this field monitoring record, or separate read record by the far-end oneself.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is the circuit block diagram of system of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is embodiments of the invention figure.
Fig. 3 is that the present invention is applied to the synoptic diagram that oil tank is irritated the car oiling.
Fig. 4 is the synoptic diagram that the present invention is applied to bunkering.
Introduce embodiments of the invention below.
As shown in Figure 1, the monitoring device of earthed system of the present invention, comprise several grounding monitor unit 100, this each monitoring means 100 includes a power supply unit 10, after electric main power supply A is introduced, convert the dc supply of standard to, and, further road ground wire A1 among the electric main power supply A is linked to the earth terminal 11 of above-mentioned dc supply, make power supply unit 10 except supplying the required dc supply in whole grounding monitor unit 100, and provide standard ground connection to do the monitoring of ground state to whole grounding monitor unit 100.
One elementary testing circuit 20, be to link and detection static or resistance ground stud A2 to be measured and ground strap A3 to be measured to be measured, wherein, this ground stud A2 to be measured and ground strap A3 to be measured, be for make the ground connection wrist strap of line for integrated circuit, the usefulness that the fuel truck earthing of casing of refuelling station and the aircraft skin on airport connect, and this ground stud A2 to be measured and the ground stud A4 that is linked with the ground wire A1 of above-mentioned electric main power supply A, form electric loop through the earth, and above-mentioned elementary testing circuit 20 promptly is to be with the obtained standard ground connection of above-mentioned power supply unit 10, it is the earth terminal 11 of the dc supply of said system, to detect the ground state of this ground stud A2 to be measured and ground strap A3 to be measured in advance, i.e. grounding resistance or other equivalent convertible parameters between this ground stud A2 to be measured and ground strap A3 to be measured and standard ground connection (being above-mentioned earth terminal 11), and be converted to the form of electrical signal or data.
One buffer circuit 30 is to accept from elementary testing circuit 20 go ahead of the rest the ground stud A2 to be measured that detects and obtain and the ground state of ground strap A3 to be measured, the electrical signal or the data of institute's corresponding conversion, and further provide buffering to amplify the effect of output.
One display device 40, its form is regardless of, aforementioned resulting electrical signal of detection or data through buffer circuit 30 resulting ground stud A2 to be measured and ground strap A3 to be measured shown, its displaying contents also is regardless of, as being grounding resistance or other ground state parameter forms that can manifest.
One comparator circuit 50 and input media 60, one input end 51 of this comparator circuit 50, it is the output terminal that is provided with being linked to above-mentioned buffer circuit 30, link above-mentioned ground state electrical signal and the data that corresponds to ground stud A2 to be measured and ground strap A3 to be measured and introduce according to this, and, in 52 bindings of another input end of above-mentioned comparator circuit 50 with input media 60, can set electrical signal or the data that corresponds to default electrostatic grounding control target by input media 60 inputs, its setting result directly exports in the display device 40 and is revealed, that is this display device 40 is can be via switching to show this electrostatic grounding state to be measured and default ground connection desired value, and this input media 60 is imported the electrical signal or the data of default electrostatic grounding control target, when system's real work, be with above-mentioned through input end 51 input ground stud A2 to be measured and the pairing electrical signal of ground state of ground strap A3 to be measured or data mutually for after relatively, by an output terminal 53 its results of output of this comparator circuit 50.
One drive circuit 70 and warning device 80, be to accept the result that the output terminal 53 of above-mentioned comparator circuit 50 is exported, and driven whether start of alarm device 80, promptly when the ground state electrical signal of above-mentioned ground stud A2 to be measured that is imported via an input end 51 of comparator circuit 50 and ground strap A3 or data surpass the default electrostatic grounding control target of being imported by another input end 52, then drive alarm device 80 actions, garrison the state of personnel's earth fault or imperfect earth to warn the scene, otherwise then 80 of alarm devices are failure to actuate.
One communicating circuit 90, its form is regardless of, can be the communication line framework such as RS-242 communication interface, USB of standard, and link the input end 51 ground stud A2 to be measured that imports and the electrical signal or the data of hitting ground bus-bar A3 to be measured of above-mentioned comparator circuit 50, immediately be sent to a master control computer apparatus 200 (as shown in Figure 2), monitor the purpose of on-the-spot electrostatic grounding state to reach long distance.
Fig. 2 is the enforcement illustration of practical application of the present invention, be that each above-mentioned grounding monitor unit 100 can be installed on the end that integrated circuit is made each earthed system of line, or be installed on the refuelling station, oiling business strong point, the hardstand on airport, the working site monitoring occasion that long distances such as maintenance canopy are disperseed, and this master control computer apparatus 200, then can be installed on the makers' control center of integrated circuit, office, the perhaps main office of each refuelling station, the control center on airport or maintenance center, so that the electrostatic grounding state and the data at each on-the-spot strong point, can return at any time to control center or main office, can reach purpose with minimum manpower and equipment remote monitoring electrostatic grounding state; And, on the other hand can be by the far-end unit of supervision at any time with motor-driven and portable notebook computer at any time by the binding of above-mentioned communicating circuit 90, understand the measured record of the monitoring device of earthed system of the present invention or can understand the measured record in this scene with remote measurement by this far-end oneself, simultaneously, the function that all has unusual caution of ground connection and record in this each grounding monitor unit 100, can ground connection be taken place when unusual in earthed system, immediately give the alarm and notify personnel to fix a breakdown and record, and then reach the purpose that the present invention has caution and long distance monitoring.
Fig. 3 refuels the application state of occasion for the grounding monitor unit 100 in the monitoring device of earthed system of the present invention in being applied in tank wagon B, wherein, the car body shell of this tank wagon B is linked on the outside and metal support D of oil transportation metal tubes C via ground cable 1B, with by contacting and form ground connection between this oil transportation metal tubes C and metal support D and the earth, its effect is then as the effect of above-mentioned ground stud A2 to be measured and bus-bar A3 to be measured, make car body shell and the oil groove of this tank wagon B can guarantee ground connection, all ignite the situation that oil gas produces unexpected danger because of generation of static electricity when refueling to avoid tank wagon B.
Therefore, can be monitored above-mentioned oil transportation metal tubes C by the grounding monitor unit 100 among Fig. 1 and the described the present invention of Fig. 2, really whether a metal support D and tank wagon B shell and oil groove B ' formed ground loop ground connection, and, because of oil transportation metal tubes C and metal support D because of corrosion, the imperfect earth state that corruption is caused, these detections are through ground upper bracket D by ground lower carriage G ' (A2 that is equivalent to Fig. 1), again through ground cable 1B to the tank wagon body case in oil groove B ' is attached to elementary testing circuit 20 in the above-mentioned grounding monitor unit 100, and detect principle via above-mentioned ground connection and detected whether real ground connection of ground lower carriage G '.
Fig. 4 is the grounding monitor unit 100 in the monitoring arrangement of earthed system of the present invention, be applied to the state that boats and ships reach port and refuel, in like manner, the C ' of oil transportation metal tubes by land is linked to the ground connection station F on ground with ground cable E, land oil transportation metal tube C ' and with ship on metal petroleum pipeline D ' binding, identical, metal petroleum pipeline D ' also is linked to and does ground connection detection in the elementary testing circuit 20 of above-mentioned grounding monitor unit 100 on the ship, detect this land oil transportation metal tubes C ' to see through ground return circuit, between the F of metal pipeline road D ' and hull body H and ground connection station whether good ground connection is arranged on the ship, to prevent that this ground connection station F is because of corrosion, the virtual earth that corruption is caused or the phenomenon of imperfect earth.
Spirit of the present invention is the system and the equipment framework of simplifying the most utilizing, and the monitoring at any time of earthed system that reaches the many strong points of long distance of complexity reaches the effect of caution immediately.
The grounding monitor of the present invention system of above Fig. 1～shown in Figure 2, wherein related description that is disclosed and graphic content, be only for ease of illustrating its whole technology contents and technological means, one of preferred embodiment that is disclosed, be not in order to limit to its category, and all the modification of thin portion, change and elements at technology contents of the present invention, the equivalent replacement of circuit all should be included in spirit of the present invention and the category such as.
Claims (4)
1, a kind of monitoring device of earthed system is characterized in that, comprises an a plurality of grounding monitors unit and a master control computer apparatus, and wherein, this grounding monitor unit comprises:
One power supply unit is that conversion electric main power supply is the required dc supply of system, and uses the earth terminal that a ground wire of introducing the electric main power supply is linked to this working power, and forms standard ground connection;
One elementary testing circuit, be ground stud to be measured and the ground strap to be measured that links electrostatic grounding to be measured, and be foundation with the standard ground connection in the working power of above-mentioned power supply unit, tentatively detecting the ground state of this ground stud to be measured and ground strap relative standard ground connection to be measured, and converted to relative electrical signal output;
One buffer circuit is that the electrical signal of the ground state of the ground stud to be measured that above-mentioned elementary testing circuit is detected, ground strap to be measured is cushioned and amplifies output;
One display device is in order to show above-mentioned ground stud to be measured by buffer circuit output, the electrical signal of bus-bar ground state to be measured, the demonstration of grounding resistance corresponding parameter form;
One comparator circuit and input media, one input end of comparator circuit, be to link the ground stud to be measured that above-mentioned buffer circuit exports, the electrical signal of ground strap ground state to be measured, another input end then links input media, to import default electrostatic grounding control target, and after comparison, export its result by the output terminal of comparator circuit;
One drive unit and alarm device, drive unit is driven by the output terminal of comparator circuit, when default electrostatic grounding control target that the ground state of described ground stud to be measured, ground strap to be measured surmounts that device imports, drive alarm device and send the ground connection abnormality alarm;
One communicating circuit, be with above-mentioned through buffer circuit output and input comparator circuit one input end ground stud to be measured and the electrical signal of the electrostatic grounding state of ground strap to be measured be sent to described master control computer apparatus, form the grounding monitor system of long distance.
2, the monitoring device of earthed system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, said display device for via blocked operation showing the electrical signal of ground stud to be measured, ground strap ground state to be measured, and with the default electrostatic grounding control target of input media input.
3, the monitoring device of earthed system as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the form that said display device shows is resistance value and parameter form.
4, the monitoring device of earthed system as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, said communicating circuit is RS-242 communication interface, usb communication line road framework.
Priority Applications (6)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB991191560A CN100473993C (en) | 1999-09-17 | 1999-09-17 | Monitor of grounding system |
| CN99244766U CN2408466Y (en) | 1999-09-17 | 1999-09-17 | Earthing condition monitor |
| JP2000270192A JP3408235B2 (en) | 1999-09-17 | 2000-09-06 | Monitoring equipment for grounding systems |
| DE10045439A DE10045439A1 (en) | 1999-09-17 | 2000-09-14 | Monitor of grounding system |
| GB0022732A GB2356500B (en) | 1999-09-17 | 2000-09-15 | Grounding system monitor |
| KR1020000054482A KR100679988B1 (en) | 1999-09-17 | 2000-09-16 | Grounding system monitor |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB991191560A CN100473993C (en) | 1999-09-17 | 1999-09-17 | Monitor of grounding system |
| CN99244766U CN2408466Y (en) | 1999-09-17 | 1999-09-17 | Earthing condition monitor |
| JP2000270192A JP3408235B2 (en) | 1999-09-17 | 2000-09-06 | Monitoring equipment for grounding systems |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1246616A CN1246616A (en) | 2000-03-08 |
| CN100473993C true CN100473993C (en) | 2009-04-01 |
Family
ID=50847015
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN99244766U Expired - Fee Related CN2408466Y (en) | 1999-09-17 | 1999-09-17 | Earthing condition monitor |
| CNB991191560A Expired - Fee Related CN100473993C (en) | 1999-09-17 | 1999-09-17 | Monitor of grounding system |
Family Applications Before (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN99244766U Expired - Fee Related CN2408466Y (en) | 1999-09-17 | 1999-09-17 | Earthing condition monitor |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3408235B2 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR100679988B1 (en) |
| CN (2) | CN2408466Y (en) |
| DE (1) | DE10045439A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2356500B (en) |
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| US4859992A (en) * | 1984-01-06 | 1989-08-22 | Hoigaard Jan C | Electrostatic system monitor and method therefor |
| US4866391A (en) * | 1988-05-12 | 1989-09-12 | James G. Biddle Co. | System and method of simultaneously measuring a multiplicity of grounds on utility poles |
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| CN2318639Y (en) * | 1997-10-20 | 1999-05-12 | 杨学昌 | Earth monitor for electrostatic earthed system |
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| JPH08226944A (en) * | 1995-02-22 | 1996-09-03 | Tohoku Electric Power Co Inc | Multi-functional device for measuring ground resistance |
| JPH09151802A (en) * | 1995-12-04 | 1997-06-10 | Tokyo Gas Co Ltd | Gas fuel injection valve |
| JP3534216B2 (en) * | 1996-02-08 | 2004-06-07 | 日本原子力研究所 | Monitoring equipment for grounding systems of electrical equipment installed in insulated buildings |
| KR100241163B1 (en) * | 1997-12-30 | 2000-02-01 | 김정무 | Apparatus for alarming and cut off of lekage current using invers phase transformer |
| CN2408466Y (en) * | 1999-09-17 | 2000-11-29 | 杨学昌 | Earthing condition monitor |
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1999
- 1999-09-17 CN CN99244766U patent/CN2408466Y/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-09-17 CN CNB991191560A patent/CN100473993C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2000
- 2000-09-06 JP JP2000270192A patent/JP3408235B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-09-14 DE DE10045439A patent/DE10045439A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2000-09-15 GB GB0022732A patent/GB2356500B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-09-16 KR KR1020000054482A patent/KR100679988B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4859992A (en) * | 1984-01-06 | 1989-08-22 | Hoigaard Jan C | Electrostatic system monitor and method therefor |
| US4866391A (en) * | 1988-05-12 | 1989-09-12 | James G. Biddle Co. | System and method of simultaneously measuring a multiplicity of grounds on utility poles |
| US5051732A (en) * | 1988-08-29 | 1991-09-24 | Ericson Manufacturing Company | Power outlet ground integrity and wriststrap monitor circuit |
| CN2318639Y (en) * | 1997-10-20 | 1999-05-12 | 杨学昌 | Earth monitor for electrostatic earthed system |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB0022732D0 (en) | 2000-11-01 |
| CN1246616A (en) | 2000-03-08 |
| GB2356500B (en) | 2003-06-04 |
| DE10045439A1 (en) | 2001-04-26 |
| JP2002107391A (en) | 2002-04-10 |
| JP3408235B2 (en) | 2003-05-19 |
| KR20010067185A (en) | 2001-07-12 |
| GB2356500A (en) | 2001-05-23 |
| CN2408466Y (en) | 2000-11-29 |
| KR100679988B1 (en) | 2007-02-08 |
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