CN102095999B - Measuring device for diagnosing connecting state of grounding network - Google Patents
Measuring device for diagnosing connecting state of grounding network Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a measuring device for diagnosing the connecting state of a grounding network, which comprises a signal generating circuit, a signal preprocessing circuit, a signal injecting switch array, a signal detecting switch array, a signal conditioning circuit, an analog-digital converting circuit, a central processing control circuit and a PC (Personal Computer) machine. The device provided by the invention takes a grounding rod as a vector, signals are input into the grounding rod, response signals are output through the grounding rod, and the local connecting information of the grounding network is obtained through subsequent processing on the obtained signals. The device provided by the invention can simulate various signals under natural conditions, can position a malfunction point of the grounding network and realizes real-time monitoring diagnosis on the grounding network, thereby avoiding the blindness and inaccuracy caused by a local excavating method, greatly shortening the repair time and simultaneously saving a great quantity of manpower and material resources.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of measurement mechanism of diagnosing the grounded screen connection status.
Background technology
Ground connection be exactly with some position of electrical equipment, electric system certain the point link to each other with the earth; The current by pass of fault current and thunder-strike current is provided; Stable potential; The zero potential RP is provided,, guarantees Operation of Electric Systems personnel's personal safety simultaneously to guarantee the safe operation of electric system, electrical equipment.Grounded screen plays an important role in the safe operation of transmission transformer station.The parameter that characterizes the grounded screen connection status is a stake resistance.The size of stake resistance has reflected the wandering electric current of earthing device and the height of stable potential ability and the quality of protective value.Stake resistance is more little, and protective value is good more.The requirement of 5.1.1 bar is R≤2000/I among the power industry standard DL/T621-1997 " ground connection of alternating-current electric device ".Desirable R≤0.5 Ω when I＞4000A.When with the following equipment of 1000V, stake resistance should meet R≤125/I Ω, and when being used for the above equipment of 1000V, stake resistance R≤250/I Ω resistance in any case should be greater than 10 Ω.
But current China is because resource shortage and economic cause all adopt plain carbon steel as the grounded screen material mostly.Though steel grounded screen is than copper grounding grid material benefit more economically, its resistance to corrosion is not as copper, under the condition that does not have protection; Be vulnerable to the corrosion of soil, add the electrolytic corrosion that the operating earial drainage electric current of grid equipment causes, directly cause the grounded screen cross section to be reduced; Grounded screen fracture even; Thereby the increase stake resistance reduces the protective value of earth mat to electric system, jeopardizes equipment and personal safety.The domestic electric power accident that causes owing to earth mat corrosion is more.Along with the rising of electric pressure, this accident odds will be stronger with bigger, destructiveness.At present; The detection means of the grounded screen of electric system mainly is to combine measurement of Grounding Resistance to realize through local excavation's method; Local excavation's method labor manpower and materials have certain blindness and inaccuracy simultaneously, fully the connection running status of the whole grounded screen of actual response.Therefore need can the achieve a butt joint real-time monitoring of earth mat connection status of a kind of device of design, safeguard the stable of grounded screen performance, prolong the shelf life of grounded screen.
Between present domestic situation, the signal that in this device, adopts Direct Digital Synthesizer (DDS) generation is as pumping signal, and this signal is through digital-to-analog conversion, processing and amplifying; And be carrier with the ground rod; Signal is injected grounded screen to be detected, obtain corresponding signal then, through conditioning response signal; Utilize digital phase-sensitive demodulation (DPSD) algorithm to ask for the amplitude and the phase place of detected signal; And, obtain the connection status of grounded screen through certain calculation to PC output, accomplish diagnosis and detection to grounded screen.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is provides a kind of measurement mechanism of diagnosing the grounded screen connection status to above-mentioned existing issue, and it does not excavate in use, when having high accuracy, can save a large amount of manpower and materials again, brings huge economic benefit.
For realizing above-mentioned purpose; The technical scheme scheme that the present invention adopts is such: promptly a kind of measurement mechanism of diagnosing the grounded screen connection status comprises that grounded screen, signal inject switch arrays, input switch arrays, signal generating circuit, signal pre-processing circuit, signal conditioning circuit, analog to digital conversion circuit and central control and treatment circuit; It is characterized in that:
(a) signal generating circuit produces the digital stimulus signal of different frequency under central control and treatment circuit control; Various unlike signals under the simulating natural condition, this digital stimulus signal carries out digital-to-analog conversion through signal pre-processing circuit and amplification filtering is handled switch arrays are injected in the back to signal as pumping signal ground rod output; By amplitude and the phase information of central control and treatment circuit through detected response signal in analog to digital conversion circuit, the signal conditioning circuit picked up signal detector switch array;
(b) at node the ground rod array being set after said grounded screen is formatted by the ground connection expanded metal lath constitutes;
(c) ground rod injects the carrier of exporting with response signal as pumping signal; Its input end injects switch arrays with signal respectively and links to each other with the input switch arrays; In each the measurement; The ground rod of being selected a pair of apart from each other by central control and treatment circuit is as the excitation ground rod, and control signal inject switch arrays and input switch arrays respectively connected sum break off said excitation ground rod; And remaining ground rod only is connected with the signal conditioning circuit input end as detecting ground rod;
(d) signal conditioning circuit carries out filtering, compensation deals to the signal that obtains from the detector switch array, gives analog to digital converter then and carries out getting into centre reason control circuit after the analog to digital conversion;
(e) central control and treatment circuit utilizes digital phase-sensitive demodulation (DPSD) algorithm to ask for the amplitude and the phase place of the detected response signal of ground rod, obtains final signal measurements, and should be worth to PC and export.
Apparatus of the present invention are following characteristics owing to said structure has:
1) the ground connection steel plate equidistantly is divided into some grids; The place is provided with ground rod at node; Ground rod as detecting the carrier of measuring, through this Device Testing and diagnosis, is obtained the local impedance information of grounded screen; So more accurately blindness and the inaccuracy brought through local excavation's method have been avoided in the trouble spot of accurate in locating ground connection steel plate.
2) utilize signal generating circuit, can produce the signal of different frequency, the various signals under the simulating natural condition are measured different pumping signals, have improved the application of device.
3) every ground rod all has the function of input and output.As signal injection side or signal measurement test side, pick-up unit that need not be extra greatly reduces the cost of device through central control processor decision ground rod.
4) adopt the digital phase-sensitive demodulation method, detected signal is nursed one's health, after analog to digital conversion, get into digital signal processing unit, digital signal processing unit utilizes digital phase-sensitive demodulation (DPSD) algorithm to ask for the amplitude and the phase value of institute's picked up signal.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is an apparatus structure block diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the equivalent model synoptic diagram in the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 is the amplification filtering circuit that adopts in the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 is that the signal that adopts in the embodiment of the invention injects the switch arrays circuit;
Fig. 5 is the input switch arrays circuit that adopts in the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 6 is the signal conditioning circuit that adopts in the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 7 is the central control and treatment circuit that adopts in the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 8 is the workflow diagram in the embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is further described.
Referring to accompanying drawing 1, the measurement mechanism among the figure comprises that grounded screen, signal inject switch arrays 3, input switch arrays 4, signal generating circuit 1, signal pre-processing circuit 2, signal conditioning circuit 5, analog to digital conversion circuit 6 and central control and treatment circuit 7; It is characterized in that:
A, signal generating circuit 1 produce the digital stimulus signal of different frequency under central control and treatment circuit 7 controls; Various unlike signals under the simulating natural condition, this digital stimulus signal carries out digital-to-analog conversion through signal pre-processing circuit 2 and amplification filtering is handled switch arrays 3 are injected in the back to signal as pumping signal ground rod output; By amplitude and the phase information of central control and treatment circuit 7 through detected response signal in analog to digital conversion circuit 6, the signal conditioning circuit 5 picked up signal detector switch arrays 4;
At node the ground rod array being set after b, said grounded screen are formatted by the ground connection expanded metal lath constitutes;
C, ground rod inject the carrier of exporting with response signal as pumping signal; Its input end injects switch arrays with signal respectively and links to each other with the input switch arrays; In each the measurement; The ground rod of being selected a pair of apart from each other by central control and treatment circuit is as the excitation ground rod, and control signal inject switch arrays 3 and input switch arrays 4 respectively connected sum break off said excitation ground rod; And remaining ground rod only is connected with the signal conditioning circuit input end as detecting ground rod;
(d) signal conditioning circuit carries out filtering, compensation deals to the signal that obtains from the detector switch array, gives analog to digital converter then and carries out getting into centre reason control circuit after the analog to digital conversion;
(e) central control and treatment circuit utilizes digital phase-sensitive demodulation (DPSD) algorithm to ask for the amplitude and the phase place of the detected response signal of ground rod, obtains final signal measurements, and should be worth to PC and export.
Referring to accompanying drawing 2, in an embodiment, with the steel plate of grounded screen by grid dividing after its every part impedance Approximate Equivalent be Z
Mn(m, n represent node), the impedance Approximate Equivalent of ground rod is Z
i(i representes ground rod).Ground rod vertically is placed in each node place of steel plate.
The signal generating circuit that adopts in the embodiment of the invention is made up of field programmable gate array (FPGA) chip.FPGA can select the chip of ALTERA or XILINX company for use, such as the CYCLONE II of ALTERA.Inner Direct Digital compositor DDS and the SPI interface of communicating by letter realized of FPGA with central control and treatment circuit.The data that central authorities' control and treatment circuit will be controlled pumping signal through the SPI interface send FPGA to, and FPGA control DDS produces the digital waveform signal of CF and phase place.
The signal pre-processing circuit 2 that adopts in the embodiment of the invention is made up of D/A converting circuit 21 and amplification filtering circuit 22; Wherein D/A converting circuit 21 input ends link to each other with signal generating circuit 1 output terminal; D/A converting circuit 21 output terminals link to each other with amplification filtering circuit 22 input ends; Amplification filtering circuit 22 output terminals inject switch arrays 3 input ends with signal and link to each other; The gain control end of amplification filtering circuit 22 is connected with the control signal output ends of central control and treatment circuit 7.
The high-speed digital-analog conversion chip that D/A converting circuit 21 adopts can be selected the product of companies such as ADI or TI for use, such as the DAC2902 of TI.DAC2902 converts the digital stimulus signal that DDS produces into analogue stimulus signal.
It is as shown in Figure 4 that the signal that adopts in the embodiment of the invention injects switch arrays 3.Select 1 analog switching ic ADG1206 to constitute by 16.The switching controls end A0～A3 of analog switch is connected to central control and treatment circuit.The various combination of A0～A3 selects different ground rods as the signal injection side, will be injected into the ground rod of choosing from the electric current of D end input.
The input switch arrays 4 that adopt in the embodiment of the invention are as shown in Figure 5.Select 1 analog switching ic MAX4051 to constitute by 8.The COM end of each MAX4051 is connected to signal conditioning circuit, realizes the measurement between certain two ground rod.The switching controls end ADDA～ADDC of analog switch is connected to central control and treatment circuit.
The signal conditioning circuit 5 that adopts in the embodiment of the invention is as shown in Figure 6.Constitute by super low noise variable gain amplifier AD8334 and simulation low-pass filter.
Analog to digital conversion circuit 6 in the embodiment of the invention can adopt high speed analog-to-digital conversion chip AD9222, and it has 12bit resolution, and the highest slewing rate can reach 65Msps.
The central control and treatment circuit 7 that adopts in the embodiment of the invention is as shown in Figure 7.Circuit is made up of for core FPGA and digital signal processor (DSP).FPGA part and foregoing signal generating circuit 1 shared same chip, DSP selects the TMS320F2812 chip of TI company for use.DSP communicates by letter with FPGA through the SPI interface, controls analog to digital conversion circuit indirectly.FPGA directly is connected with analog to digital conversion circuit, and the digital signal parallel transfer that is converted to is handled to DSP.The SPI interface of DSP is also wanted circuit such as CS array, filtering amplification simultaneously.The digital signal that sampling obtains is handled through DSP and is obtained signal measurements; Pass to computing machine through HPI then; Computing machine utilizes these data to carry out the connection state information that restructing algorithm obtains grounded screen, the real-time measurement of the earth mat that achieves a butt joint and the function of detection.
The workflow of apparatus of the present invention is as shown in Figure 8.This instance adopts the pattern of injection current measuring voltage.
Be the normal various states of stake resistance during with fault of simulation electric system, pumping signal is divided into power frequency component, and harmonic signal is operated and several kinds of Lightning Over-voltage signals etc., and its corresponding metering system is divided into adjacent or relative pattern etc.Different injection way makes that the inner distribution of current that forms of imaging region is different, measures the sensitivity difference, and the signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) of acquired signal is inequality.This instance adopts opposite injection way.This method distribution of current is more even, and extraordinary sensitivity is arranged.With Fig. 2 is example, and the ground connection steel plate has 9 nodes (J1-J9) by 2 * 2 griddings; Connecting ground rod quantity is 9 (1.-9.); For example 1. and 9. the ground rod with the how much diagonal line two ends that are positioned at grounded screen serve as the excitation ground rod, at first Control current from ground rod 1. inject, 9. outflow, measure all the other ground rods and the ground rod voltage between 9.; Secondly electric current is changed into from ground rod and 9. flow into, 1. flow out, measure all the other ground rods and the ground rod voltage between 1. again; To encourage ground rod to changing into 3. and 7., letting electric current 3. flow into, 7. flow out earlier then, measure all the other ground rods and ground rod voltage 7. from ground rod; 7. Control current flows into, 3. flows out from ground rod again, measures all the other ground rods and the ground rod voltage between 3..Therefore the measurement that device shown in Figure 8 is accomplished one whole will obtain 4 * 7 magnitudes of voltage.If device has more ground rod,, then can obtain more voltage measuring value with this rule.
In conjunction with Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 8, the work implementing procedure of measuring phases specifically describes as follows:
1), PC operation, send instruction and give central control and treatment circuit, produce pumping signal;
2), pumping signal is through signal pre-processing circuit, through central control processor control pre-process circuit, converts analogue stimulus signal to;
3), 1. central control and treatment circuit is selected and 9. number ground rod inject ground rod as signal, measure 2.～8. voltage signal of number ground rod respectively;
4), the signal that obtained through signal condition and analog to digital conversion circuit after, send central control and treatment circuit further to handle;
5) select 3., again and 7. number ground rod inject ground rod as signal, measure 1., 2., 4. respectively ... 8., the 9. voltage signal of number ground rod;
6), the signal that obtained through signal condition and analog to digital conversion circuit after, send central control and treatment circuit further to handle; 7), central control and treatment circuit gives PC through USB interface with measured data, PC obtains the electrical impedance information of the grounded screen of surveying, i.e. Z through certain algorithm
MnNumerical values recited.If the impedance in somewhere occurs unusual, then can carry out necessary reparation to corresponding part excavation.
Claims (3)
1. a measurement mechanism of diagnosing the grounded screen connection status comprises that grounded screen, signal inject switch arrays (3), input switch arrays (4), signal generating circuit (1), signal pre-processing circuit (2), signal conditioning circuit (5), analog to digital conversion circuit (6) and central control and treatment circuit (7); It is characterized in that:
(a) signal generating circuit (1) produces the digital stimulus signal of different frequency under central control and treatment circuit (7) control; Various unlike signals under the simulating natural condition; This digital stimulus signal carries out digital-to-analog conversion through signal pre-processing circuit (2) and switch arrays (3) are injected to ground rod output as pumping signal through signal in amplification filtering processing back, and pumping signal is divided into power frequency component, harmonic signal, operation and Lightning Over-voltage signal; By amplitude and the phase information of central control and treatment circuit (7) through detected response signal in analog to digital conversion circuit (6), signal conditioning circuit (5) the picked up signal detector switch array (4);
(b) at node the ground rod array being set after said grounded screen is formatted by the ground connection expanded metal lath constitutes;
(c) ground rod injects the carrier of exporting with response signal as pumping signal; In each the measurement; The ground rod of only being selected a pair of apart from each other by central control and treatment circuit (7) is as the excitation ground rod; Central authorities' control and treatment circuit (7) control signal is injected switch arrays (3) and is communicated with said excitation ground rod, and input switch arrays (4) break off said excitation ground rod, thereby injects pumping signal; And remaining ground rod is as detecting ground rod; Output response signal; Be connected to the input end of signal conditioning circuit (5) through input switch arrays (4); Realize certain two measurements that detect between the ground rod, the switching controls end of input switch arrays (4) is connected to central control and treatment circuit (7);
(d) signal conditioning circuit (5) carries out processing such as filtering, compensation to the signal that obtains from input switch arrays (4), gives analog to digital conversion circuit (6) then and carries out getting into centre reason control circuit after the analog to digital conversion;
(e) after analog to digital conversion, get into centre reason control circuit (7); Central authorities' control and treatment circuits (7) utilize digital phase-sensitive demodulation (DPSD) algorithm to ask for amplitude and the phase place that detects the detected response signal of ground rod; Obtain final signal measurements, and should be worth and export to PC.
2. measurement mechanism according to claim 1 is characterized in that: signal pre-processing circuit (2) is made up of D/A converting circuit (21) and amplification filtering circuit (22); Wherein D/A converting circuit (21) input end links to each other with signal generating circuit (1) output terminal; Amplification filtering circuit (22) input end links to each other with D/A converting circuit (21) output terminal; Amplification filtering circuit (22) output terminal injects switch arrays (3) input end with signal and links to each other; The gain of amplification filtering circuit (22) is amplified control end and is connected with the control signal output ends of central control and treatment circuit (7).
3. measurement mechanism according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the ground rod that said excitation ground rod selection is positioned at how much diagonal line two ends of grounded screen is served as.
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| CN2010105869320A CN102095999B (en) | 2010-12-14 | 2010-12-14 | Measuring device for diagnosing connecting state of grounding network |
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| CN102628964B (en) * | 2012-04-19 | 2014-07-16 | 国家电网公司 | Conductor position and grid structure detection system for transformer station grounding network |
| CN102707191B (en) * | 2012-04-24 | 2014-09-24 | 广东电网公司电力科学研究院 | Diagnosis device and diagnosis method for corrosion of earth screen of large-size transformer substation |
| CN102707167B (en) * | 2012-05-18 | 2015-04-15 | 华中科技大学 | State monitoring system for grounding grid based on industrial personal computer |
| CN105891605A (en) * | 2014-11-04 | 2016-08-24 | 国电龙源电气有限公司 | Distribution transformer grounding resistor, current online measurement equipment and method thereof |
| CN104777400A (en) * | 2015-03-03 | 2015-07-15 | 国网河南省电力公司电力科学研究院 | Three-dimensional digitalized monitoring device for substation grounding grid and evaluation method |
| CN105203851B (en) * | 2015-09-29 | 2018-04-17 | 国家电网公司 | The method for measuring large ground network impedance ground value under strong harmonic wave |
| CN105675995A (en) * | 2016-02-01 | 2016-06-15 | 凯迈(洛阳)电子有限公司 | Embedded multi-channel automatic resistance measurement module |
| CN107024639A (en) * | 2016-02-02 | 2017-08-08 | 天津理工大学 | A kind of miniature FLU Fault Location Unit and method for region direct-flow distribution system |
| CN110082633A (en) * | 2019-04-23 | 2019-08-02 | 史磊 | A kind of grounding net of transformer substation on-line monitoring system and method |
| CN114678819B (en) * | 2022-05-30 | 2022-08-02 | 合肥航太电物理技术有限公司 | Cable bundle test simultaneous injection test device |
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| CN1110707C (en) * | 1999-07-02 | 2003-06-04 | 清华大学 | Diagnosis method of earth screen corrosion and breakpoint of electric substation and its measurement and diagnosis system |
| CN2408466Y (en) * | 1999-09-17 | 2000-11-29 | 杨学昌 | Earthing condition monitor |
| CN101493491B (en) * | 2009-02-16 | 2011-01-19 | 陕西电力科学研究院 | Substation ground network defect synthesis diagnosis method and diagnosis system thereof |
| CN201508392U (en) * | 2009-07-16 | 2010-06-16 | 福建省普华电子科技有限公司 | Frequency-conversion grounding resistance measuring instrument |
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Inventor after: He Wei Inventor after: Wu Qingyang Inventor after: Lin Haitao Inventor after: Wang Xingzheng Inventor after: Wang Junfang Inventor before: He Wei Inventor before: Xu Zheng Inventor before: Yang Fan Inventor before: Li Bing Inventor before: Ju Kang Inventor before: Ran Peng Inventor before: Huang Yichen |
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Free format text: CORRECT: ADDRESS; FROM: 400044 SHAPINGBA, CHONGQING TO: 621000 MIANYANG, SICHUAN PROVINCE Free format text: CORRECT: INVENTOR; FROM: HE WEI XU ZHENG YANG FAN LI BING JU KANG RAN PENG HUANG YICHEN TO: HE WEI WU QINGYANG LIN HAITAO WANG XINGZHENG WANG JUNFANG |
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Effective date of registration: 20150212 Address after: 621000 No. 677, Tong Fang Road, Tong Xun Town, Mianyang, Sichuan Patentee after: Sichuan Hong Hong Electrical Equipment Technology Co. Ltd. Address before: 400044 Shapingba District Sha Street, No. 174, Chongqing Patentee before: Chongqing University |
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Effective date of registration: 20171219 Address after: 621000 Sanjiang Electronic Industrial Park, Mianyang, Sichuan Province Patentee after: Sichuan Yufeng Science and Technology Development Co., Ltd. Address before: 621000 No. 677, Tong Fang Road, Tong Xun Town, Mianyang, Sichuan Patentee before: Sichuan Hong Hong Electrical Equipment Technology Co. Ltd. |
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Granted publication date: 20121107 Termination date: 20201214 |
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| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |