CN100466659C - 一种自动配置终端设备的方法 - Google Patents
一种自动配置终端设备的方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN100466659C CN100466659C CNB2004100717398A CN200410071739A CN100466659C CN 100466659 C CN100466659 C CN 100466659C CN B2004100717398 A CNB2004100717398 A CN B2004100717398A CN 200410071739 A CN200410071739 A CN 200410071739A CN 100466659 C CN100466659 C CN 100466659C
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种自动配置终端设备的方法,以解决现有技术中终端设备配置管理中效率低的问题;该方法为:由终端设备向终端管理单元上报表征当前配置信息的第一标识;终端管理单元将本端保存的第二标识与所述第一标识进行比较,并在该两标识不一致时将本端保存的配置信息下发到终端设备;终端设备根据接收的配置信息完成配置,并更新第一标识。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及通信设备的配置技术,特别涉及一种自动配置终端设备的方法。
背景技术
通信技术的不断发展深刻影响着日常生活和社会生活,特别是各种宽带接入技术的出现,使越来越多的人可以享受宽带给他们的工作、生活和娱乐的便利。目前主流的宽带接入技术包括:基于普通电话线的xDSL(数字用户线)接入,基于有线电视同轴电缆的HFC接入,基于以太网技术的LAN接入;另外,基于NGN(下一代网络)的宽带接入技术也日渐成熟。以上各种宽带技术都有一个共性,就是需要在用户侧部署一种终端设备,以便把用户的计算机等接入到运营商网络中,如在ADSL接入方式中,需要在用户侧安装ATU_R,在HFC接入方式中,需要在用户侧安装Cable Modem,在基于NGN的网络中,需要在用户侧部署IAD(综合接入设备)。
以ADSL接入技术为例,其网络应用模型如图1所示。在中心局(CO)端,数字用户线接入复接器(DSLAM设备)提供双绞线接口,在用户侧放置终端设备—不对称数字用户环路远端收发单元(ATU_R),两者配合实现宽带接入功能。用户侧终端设备作为宽带接入解决方案的一个环节,实现特定的功能,如何对这些数量庞大且分布广泛的终端设备进行有效的维护管理是运营商必须面对的一个挑战。
对于宽带业务的开通,需要在用户终端设备上进行相应的配置,这些配置应和局端配置协调一致,才能保证业务的正常提供,终端的配置一般包括业务信息的配置、设备信息的设置等。
目前常用的配置手段是通过终端管理单元(如网管系统或独立的终端管理系统)对终端进行在线的人工配置,即终端的维护管理人员通过图形化或命令式的人机交互界面输入配置信息,并由终端管理单元直接下发到设备上完成配置操作。这种人工配置方式存在有以下缺点:
(1)只有终端设备在线时,才能对其进行配置,在线的含义是指设备上电且和管理工具之间有可达的信息通道。由于终端设备在用户侧,何时在线,运营商的终端维护人员无法控制,因此要通过人工在线方式完成终端设备的配置在某些情况是不可能的。
(2)管理效率低,运营维护成本高。对数量庞大的用户终端设备采用人工在线方式逐一进行配置,不仅工作量大效率低而且易出错。
(3)不能实现终端设备的即插即用。用户业务的开通依赖于终端设备的配置信息是否正确,采用人工在线方式进行配置,由于需要人工干预,无法满足终端设备即插即用的要求。
针对上述人工在线配置的缺点,现有技术中又出现了终端设备自动配置方案:该方案将终端设备的配置信息以文件的形式保存在服务器上,终端设备在启动时到指定服务器上自动上下载配置文件完成相关配置。虽然该方案解决了人工在线配置的一些不足,但存在以下的缺点:
(1)终端设备每次上电启动时都要重新下载配置文件,效率低下。
(2)所有终端设备的配置文件都是一样的,无法根据需要进行个性化的配置。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种自动配置终端设备的方法,以解决现有技术中终端设备配置管理中效率低的问题。
实现本发明的技术方案:
一种自动配置终端设备的方法,由终端管理单元为所述终端设备提供所需的配置信息;其特征在于该方法包括如下步骤:
由终端设备向终端管理单元上报表征当前配置信息的第一标识;
终端管理单元将保存的表征终端设备所需配置信息的第二标识与所述第一标识进行比较,并在该两标识不一致时将配置信息下发到终端设备;
终端设备根据接收的配置信息完成配置,并更新第一标识。
根据上述方法:
终端管理单元将第二标识下发到终端设备,终端设备用第二标识更新第一标识。
终端设备完成配置后重新得到表征当前配置的第一标识并提供给终端管理单元,终端管理单元用该第一标识更新所述的第二标识。
如果终端设备上的配置信息被终端管理单元以外的其他设备修改,终端设备将第一标识置为与第二标识不同的初始值。
本发明由终端设备上报当前配置标识,由终端管理单元根据该标识和保存的标识来判断是否需重新下发配置信息进行配置,因而具有以下有益效果:
(1)能自动完成终端设备的配置,大大地提高终端设备管理效率,降低运营维护成本;
(2)可以实现终端设备的即插即用;
(3)能够避免用户擅自修改终端设备的配置信息而导致的故障;
(4)能够根据终端设备的类型制定个性化的配置方案。
附图说明
图1为ADSL宽带接入网络应用模型;
图2为本发明的系统框图;
图3为本发明的流程图。
具体实施方式
参阅图2所示,局端设备与终端设备配合实现宽带接入功能,由终端管理单元对局端设备和终端设备进行管理和配置。终端管理单元可以是网络管理系统的一部分,也可以是一个独立的管理系统。
终端管理单元通过终端设备的标识,如地址、名称或/和标识(ID)等来识别终端设备。用户侧的终端设备在完成配置后通过局端设备将用户接入到网络中,终端设备的配置信息由终端管理单元下发。
本发明在终端管理单元上保存终端设备所需的配置信息和表征该配置信息的第二标识,第二标识为一个数值,是终端管理单元通过对配置信息进行某种计算而得到的,如checksum、或CRC冗余校验等。终端上存放有表征终端当前配置信息的第一标识,第一标识初始值为一个特殊值。该初始值的选择应保证与终端管理单元计算得出的第二标识结果不相同(如该初始值在管理单元上作为保留值,当计算出的第二标识与初始值相同时将第二标识修改为其他值)。终端上保存的第一标识只能通过终端管理单元进行修改,若终端上的配置信息被终端管理单元以为的其它手段修改(如:终端设备通过特定端口从终端管理单元接收配置信息,当终端从该特定端口以外的其他端口收到配置信息时则确定本端的配置信息被终端管理单元以为的其它手段修改),终端应将第一标识的值重置为初始值。
在终端设备上电或复位后,将表征当前配置的第一标识上报给终端管理单元,由终端管理单元将其与第二标识进行比较;如果两者不一致,则说明需要下发配置信息对终端设备重新配置;否则说明不需要配置。
参阅图3所示,具体流程如下:
步骤10:终端设备上电启动或复位后,主动向终端管理单元上报表征终端当前配置的第一标识。
步骤20:终端管理单元将保存的第二标识与终端设备上报的第一标识进行比较,如果该两标识不一致,则进行步骤30,否则进行步骤50。
步骤30:终端管理单元将与终端设备对应的配置信息和第二标识下发到终端设备。
配置信息可以通过配置文件下发给终端设备,也可以通过批命令下发给终端设备。
步骤40:终端设备根据配置信息完成配置,然后将第二标识的值作为第一标识的值来更新第一标识。
步骤50:终端管理单元确认终端设备的配置信息正确。
对于本发明的实现而言,终端管理单元也可不下发第二标识,而是在终端设备重新配置完成后根据最新的配置信息重新计算表征当前配置信息的第一标识,同时将该第一标识的值提供给终端管理单元,终端管理单元用第一标识的值更新第二标识。如,可对终端设备的配置信息进行循环冗余校验(CRC)计算,以校验值作为第一标识,当然也可以用其它类似的方法计算得到。终端设备在重新得到第一标识后可主动上报给终端管理单元;也可由终端管理单元通过主动查询获得该第一标识。
对于第一标识的更新并不局限于上述方式,在终端设备当前的配置信息与终端管理单元上保存的配置信息一致时,只要使表征该配置信息的第一、第二标识保持一致即可。
为了实现对不同终端设备的用户的管理和满足其业务需求,对终端设备的用户进行分类,如普通用户、网吧用户、公司用户....等,分类方式可根据需要灵活确定。每一类终端设备采用相同的配置信息,这样就可以建立一系列的配置模板,配置模板中保存着终端设备开通业务所需的配置信息,配置模板以文件或数据库的形式保存在终端管理单元所运行的物理实体上,也可以保存在终端管理单元可访问的其它物理实体上。
配置模板建立后,为每个终端设备指定对应的配置模板,即建立终端设备与配置模板的对应关系。这种对应关系可通过终端设备的标识,如地址、名称或/和ID等,到配置模板标识的映射来表示。映射关系可存储在文件中也可存储在数据库中。当终端管理单元发现保存的第二标识与终端设备上报的第一标识不一致时,根据该终端设备的标识找到其对应的配置模板,然后将该配置模板中的配置信息下发给该终端设备,由终端设备重新进行配置和更新标识。
Claims (10)
1、一种自动配置终端设备的方法,由终端管理单元为所述终端设备提供所需的配置信息;其特征在于该方法包括如下步骤:
由终端设备向终端管理单元上报表征当前配置信息的第一标识;
终端管理单元将保存的表征终端设备所需配置信息的第二标识与所述第一标识进行比较,并在该两标识不一致时将配置信息下发到终端设备;
终端设备根据接收的配置信息完成配置,并更新第一标识。
2、如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,由终端管理单元将第二标识下发到终端设备,
则所述更新第一标识具体包括:
该终端设备用第二标识更新第一标识。
3、如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,终端设备完成配置后重新得到表征当前配置的第一标识并提供给终端管理单元,终端管理单元用该第一标识更新所述的第二标识。
4、如权利要求1、2或3所述的方法,其特征在于,当终端设备上电或复位后主动上报所述第一标识。
5、如权利要求4所述的方法,其特征在于,终端管理单元中的配置信息保存在与终端设备具有对应关系的配置模板中。
6、如权利要求5所述的方法,其特征在于,根据用户的分类,使每一类用户对应同一配置模板。
7、如权利要求5所述的方法,其特征在于,通过终端设备标识到所述配置模板标识的映射来建立对应关系。
8、如权利要求7所述的方法,其特征在于,所述的终端设备标识至少为终端设备地址、终端设备名称和终端设备识别号之一。
9、如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,通过配置文件或批命令方式将配置信息下发给终端设备。
10、如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,如果终端设备上的配置信息被终端管理单元以外的其他设备修改,终端设备将第一标识置为与第二标识不同的初始值。
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US11/544,096 US7620060B2 (en) | 2004-07-13 | 2006-10-05 | Method for automatically configuring terminal equipment |
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EP1724966B1 (en) | 2009-10-28 |
ES2333033T3 (es) | 2010-02-16 |
WO2006005262A1 (fr) | 2006-01-19 |
EP1724966A1 (en) | 2006-11-22 |
ATE447271T1 (de) | 2009-11-15 |
US20070094362A1 (en) | 2007-04-26 |
US7620060B2 (en) | 2009-11-17 |
EP1724966A4 (en) | 2007-07-11 |
DE602005017368D1 (de) | 2009-12-10 |
CN1722734A (zh) | 2006-01-18 |
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