WO2006005262A1 - Procede de configuration automatique de terminal - Google Patents

Procede de configuration automatique de terminal Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2006005262A1
WO2006005262A1 PCT/CN2005/001037 CN2005001037W WO2006005262A1 WO 2006005262 A1 WO2006005262 A1 WO 2006005262A1 CN 2005001037 W CN2005001037 W CN 2005001037W WO 2006005262 A1 WO2006005262 A1 WO 2006005262A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
terminal device
terminal
configuration information
management unit
identifier
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2005/001037
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Jie Li
Original Assignee
Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. filed Critical Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
Priority to EP05772888A priority Critical patent/EP1724966B1/en
Priority to AT05772888T priority patent/ATE447271T1/de
Priority to DE602005017368T priority patent/DE602005017368D1/de
Publication of WO2006005262A1 publication Critical patent/WO2006005262A1/zh
Priority to US11/544,096 priority patent/US7620060B2/en

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Classifications

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    • G01S1/00—Beacons or beacon systems transmitting signals having a characteristic or characteristics capable of being detected by non-directional receivers and defining directions, positions, or position lines fixed relatively to the beacon transmitters; Receivers co-operating therewith
    • G01S1/02—Beacons or beacon systems transmitting signals having a characteristic or characteristics capable of being detected by non-directional receivers and defining directions, positions, or position lines fixed relatively to the beacon transmitters; Receivers co-operating therewith using radio waves
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Description

一种自动配置终端设备的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及通信设备的配置技术， 特别涉及一种自动配置终端设备 的方法。 发明背景
通信技术的不断发展深刻影响着人们的日常生活和社会生活， 特别 是各种宽带接入技术的出现， 使越来越多的人可以享受宽带给他们的工 作、 生活和娱乐带来的便利。
目前主流的宽带接入技术包括： 基于普通电话线的 X数字用户线
( xDSL )接入， 基于有线电视同轴电缆的混杂同轴光纤 （HFC )接入， 基于以太网技术的局域网（LAN )接入。 另外， 基于下一代网络（NGN ) 的宽带接入技术也日渐成熟。 以上各种宽带技术都有一个共性， 就是需 要在用户侧部署一种终端设备， 以通过该终端设备把用户的计算机等设 备接入到运营商网络中。 比如， 在不对称数字用户环路（ADSL )接入 方式中， 需要在用户侧安装 ADSL远端收发单元（ATU—R ); 在 HFC接 入方式中， 需要在用户侧安装（ Cable Modem ); 在基于 NGN的网络中， 需要在用户侧部署综合接入设备（IAD )。
以 ADSL接入技术为例， 其网络应用模型如图 1所示。 在 CO (中 心局）端设置提供双绞线接口的数字用户线接入复接器（DSLAM ), 在 用户侧放置终端设备—— ATU— R， 两者配合实现宽带接入功能。 在用户 侧设置终端设备是宽带接入解决方案的一个环节， 通过该设置实现特定 的功能。 并且运营商网络中的用户量非常大， 所需设置的终端设备的数 量也就非常大， 因此如何对这些数量庞大且分布广泛的终端设备进行有 效的维护管理是运营商 、须面对的一个†兆战。
目前， 在用户侧设置了终端设备之后， 要想开通宽带业务， 还需要 在用户终端设备上进行相应的配置， 并且在终端设备上的配置应和局端 配置协调一致， 这样才能保证业务的正常提供。 终端设备的配置一般包 括业务信息的配置、 设备信息的设置等。
目前常用的配置手段是通过终端管理单元对终端设备进行在线的人 工配置， 即终端设备的维护管理人员通过图形化或命令式的人机交互界 面输入配置信息， 并由终端管理单元直接下发到终端设备上完成配置操 作， 其中， 终端管理单元可以是网管系统或独立的终端管理系统。 这种 人工配置方式存在有以下缺点：
( 1 )只有终端设备在线时， 才能对其进行配置。 在线的含义是指设 备上电且和管理工具之间有可达的信息通道。 由于终端设备在用户侧， 运营商的终端维护人员无法控制终端设 ^可时在线， 因此要通 i± 工在 线方式完成终端设备的配置在某些情况是不可能的。
( 2 )管理效率低， 运营维护成本高。 对数量庞大的用户终端设备釆 用人工在线方式逐一进行配置， 不仅工作量大、 效率低， 而且易出错。
( 3 )不能实现终端设备的即插即用。用户业务的开通依赖于终端设 备的配置信息是否正确， 采用人工在线方式进行配置， 由于需要人工干 预， 无法满足终端设备即插即用的要求。
针对上述人工在线配置的缺点， 现有技术中又出现了终端设备自动 配置方案： 该方案将终端设备的配置信息以文件的形式保存在服务器 上， 终端设备在启动时到指定服务器上自动上下载配置文件完成相关配 置。 虽然该方案解决了人工在线配置的一些不足， 但存在以下的缺点： ( 1 ) 终端设备每次上电启动时都要重新下载配置文件， 效率低下。
( 2 )所有终端设备的配置文件都是一样的， 无法根据需要进行个性 化的配置。 发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种自动配置终端设备的方法， 以解决现有 技术中终端设备配置管理中效率低的问题。
实现本发明的技术方案如下：
一种自动配置终端设备的方法， 由终端管理单元为所述终端设备提 供所需的配置信息； 该方法包括如下步骤：
. a. 终端设备在上电 /复位后， 将当前的配置信息发送给终端管理单 元；
b. 终端管理单元判断该终端设备上报的配置信息是否与本终端管 理单元中针对该终端设备的配置信息相同，如果是，则结束本处理流程， 否则， 将本终端管理单元中针对该终端设备的配置信息发送给该终端设 备；
c 终端设备利用收到的配置信息更新自身的配置信息。
所述终端管理单元为终端设备提供配置信息为： 为所有终端设备提 供相同的配置信息；
步骤 b中， 所述终端管理单元将针对该终端设备的配置信息发送给 该终端设备为： 直接将本终端管理单元中保存的配置信息发送给该终端 设备。
所述终端管理单元为终端设备提供配置信息为： 为每个终端设备分 别提供配置信息， 且保存终端设备与相应配置信息的对应关系；
步骤 b中， 所述终端管理单元将针对该终端设备的配置信息发送给 该终端设备为： 确定该终端设备所对应的配置信息， 并将所述配置信息 发送给该终端设备。 该方法可以进一步包括： 根据用户将终端设备分为一类以上； 所述终端管理单元为终端设备提供配置信息为： 为每类终端设备分 配相同的配置信息；
步骤 b中， 所述终端管理单元将针对该终端设备的配置信息发送给 该终端设备包括： 确定该终端设备所属类别的配置信息， 之后将该配置 信息发送给该终端设备。
所述为每类终端设备分配相同的配置信息为： 为每类终端设备分配 一个配置模板， 将每类终端设备的配置信息保存在相应的配置模板中， 并保存每个终端设备与配置模板的对应关系。
该方法可以进一步包括： 预先在每个终端设备中设置用于标识该设 备中配置信息的第一标识， 并在终端管理单元中为终端设备设置用于标 识该终端设备所需的配置信息的第二标识；
步骤 a中，所述终端设备将当前的配置信息发送给终端管理单元为： 将自身保存的第一标识发送给终端管理单元；
步骤 b中， 所述终端管理单元判断该终端设备上报的配置信息是否 与本终端管理单元中保存的配置信息相同为： 判断该终端设备上报的第 一标识是否与本终端管理单元中针对该终端设备的第二标识相同；
该方法在所述步骤 b确定终端设备上 4艮的配置信息与终端管理单元 中的配置信息不同后， 进一步包括： 统一终端管理单元中针对该终端设 备的第二标识与该终端设备中的第一标识。
所述在终端管理单元中为终端设备设置第二标识为： 为每个终端设 备分别设置第二标识；
所述统一终端管理单元中的第二标识与终端设备中的第一标识为： 终端管理单元利用终端设备上报的第一标识更新本终端管理单元中针 对该终端设备的第二标识； 所述统一终端管理单元中的第二标识与终端设备中的第一标识或者 为： 终端设备才艮据收到的配置信息得到新的第一标识， 并将该新的第一 标识发送给终端管理单元， 终端管理单元利用该新的第一标识更新本终 端管理单元中针对该终端设备的第二标识。
所述终端管理单元中为每个终端设备设置第二标识为： 为每个终端 设备分别设置第二标识， 或者为所有终端设备设置相同的第二标识； 步骤 b中， 所述终端管理单元在确定终端设备上 4艮的第一标识与本 终端管理单元中针对该终端设备的第二标识不同后， 进一步包括： 将针 对该终端设备的第二标识发送给终端设备；
所述统一终端管理单元中的第二标识与终端设备中的第一标识为： 终端设备利用收到的第二标识更新自身的第一标识。
该方法还可以进一步包括： 所述终端设备在确定自身的配置信息被 终端管理单元之外的其他设备修改后， 将自身的第一标识重置为初始 值。
所述步骤 b中， 所述终端管理单元将配置信息发送给终端设备为： 通过配置文件或批命令发送给终端设备。
本发明方案主要是由终端设备上报当前配置信息， 由终端管理单元 根据该配置信息和保存的配置信息是否相同来判断是否需重新下发配 置信息进行配置。 并且本发明还进一步提供了为配置信息设置相应的标 识、 根据标识来判断是否需要重新下发配置信息的方案。
本发明方案具有以下有益效果：
( 1 ) 能自动完成终端设备的配置， 大大地提高终端设备管理效率， 降低运营维护成本；
( 2 ) 可以实现终端设备的即插即用；
( 3 ) 能够避免用户擅自修改终端设备的配置信息而导致的故障； ( 4 ) 能够 4艮据终端设备的类型制定个性化的配置方案。 附图简要说明
图 1为 ADSL宽带接入网络应用模型；
图 2为本发明的系统框图；
图 3为本发明的流程图。 实施本发明的方式
本发明方案主要是通过终端管理单元提供终端设备所需的配置信 息， 并且在终端设备通过该终端管理单元获取配置信息时， 终端管理单 元需要判断该终端设备中的配置信息是否与本终端管理单元中针对该 终端设备的配置信息相同， 如果相同， 则终端管理单元不需要将配置信 息下发给该终端设备， 否则， 终端管理单元将配置信息发送给该终端设 备， 该终端设备根据收到的配置信息更新自身的配置信息。 其中， 终端 管理单元所提供的配置信息与局端设备中保存的配置信息一致， 因此终 端设备在配置完成后， 即可通过局端设备将用户的计算机接入到网络 中。
基于本发明所提供的方案， 即使其他设备对终端设备中的配置信息 进行了修改， 该终端设备在上电或复位后， 也可以通过与终端管理单元 的交互将自身的配置信息更改为终端管理单元中的配置信息。
下面结合附图及具体实施例对本发明方案作进一步详细的说明。 首先在终端管理单元中保存为终端设备分配的配置信息。 终端管理 单元可以是针对所有终端设备设置相同的配置信息， 则终端管理单元可 以根据需要直接将该配置信息发送给终端设备。 为使得终端设备能够进 行个性化的配置， 还可以为每个终端设备分别分配设置相应的配置信 息， 则终端管理单元在向终端设备发送配置信息之前， 还需要确定该终 端设备所对应的配置信息。
由于终端管理单元需要判断终端设备中已有的配置信息是否与本单 元提供的配置信息相同， 为便于比较， 还可以为终端设备中的配置信息 及终端管理单元中针对终端设备的配置信息分别设置相应的标识。 本实 施例中， 将终端管理单元中保存的标识称为第二标识， 将终端设备中配 置信息的标识称为第一标识， 且将终端设备中进行配置之前的第一标识 称为第一标识的初始值。
在设置第二标识时， 如果在终端管理单元中为所有终端设备配置相 同的配置信息， 则可以为所有终端设备设置一个第二标识， 即终端管理 单元中针对所有终端设备的配置信息及第二标识均相同； 也可以为每个 终端设备分别配置第二标识。 如果是为每个终端设备分别配置相应的配 置信息， 则通常应为每个终端设备分别配置第二标识， 当然， 这种情况 下也可以为所有的终端设备设置一个第二标识。
所设置的第一标识及第二标识可以是根据配置信息得到的 , 比如， 对配置信息进行 checksum或 CRC冗余校验等计算， 并将得到的结果作 为该配置信息的标识。
显然， 如果终端设备配置完毕， 则终端设备中的第一标识应与终端 管理单元中针对该终端设备的第二标识相同； 如果未进行配置， 则应该 不同。
为保证终端设备配置完毕后， 第一标识与第二标识相同， 需要在配 置完毕后将终端设备中的第一标识与终端管理单元中针对该终端设备 的第二标识进行统一。 具体方法有多种， 只要能够实现统一即可。
比如， 对于终端管理单元中为每个终端设备分别设置了相应的第二 标识的情况来说， 可以由终端设备将自身的第一标识发送给终端管理单 元， 终端管理单元将自身针对该终端设备的第二标识更新为该第一标识 的值。 其中， 该第一标识可以是终端设备主动上报给终端管理单元， 也 可以是终端管理单元主动从终端设备中获取， 该第一标识可以是终端设 备原有的， 也可以是终端设备根据配置信息计算得到的。 当然， 还应保 证终端设备根据该配置信息计算出的第一标识与终端管理单元计算出 的第二标识不同， 比如， 可以设置终端设备计算所釆用的参数与终端管 理单元计算所釆用的参数不同。
对于终端管理单元中为每个终端设备分别设置了相应的第二标识的 情况来说， 还可以由终端管理单元将自身的第二标识与配置信息一起发 送给终端设备， 终端设备将自身的第一标识更新为该第二标识的值。
对于终端管理单元为所有终端设备分配了相同的配置信息及标识的 情况来说， 则只能采用上述由终端管理单元将第二标识发送给终端设 备， 由终端设备更新自身的第一标识的方案进行第一标识与第二标识的 统一。 .
为保证终端设备配置前， 终端设备中第一标识的初始值与终端管理 单元中针对该终端设备的第二标识不同， 可以设置一个专门的值作为第 一标识的初始值， 如果终端管理单元发现针对该终端设备的第二标识与 该初始值相同， 则应将该第二标识爹改为其他值。
基于上述设置，并以终端管理单元将第二标识发送给终端设备为例， 本发明方案的实现流程如图 3所示， 对应以下步骤：
步骤 301、 终端 备在上电启动或复位后， 主动向终端管理单元上 艮用于标识本终端当前配置信息的第一标识。
步骤 302、 终端管理单元从自身保存的信息中查找出与该终端设备 对应的第二标识， 并将该第二标识与终端设备上报的第一标识进行比 较， 如果这两个标识不一致， 则进入步骤 303; 否则， 进入步骤 305。 如果终端管理单元为所有的终端设备配置了相同的配置信息及第二 标识， 则终端管理单元可以直接获取该第二标识。
如果终端管理单元是为每个终端设备分别配置了相应的第二标识， 则可以将该第二标识与终端设备的标识一起保存， 且通过该终端设备的 标识查找相应的第二标识。 其中， 终端设备的标识可以是地址、 名称 /ID 等用于识别终端设备的信息。
步骤 303、 终端管理单元将与该终端设备对应的配置信息以及第二 标识下发到该终端设备。
该配置信息具体可以是通过配置文件下发给终端设备， 也可以通过 批命令下发给终端设备。
步骤 304、 终端设备 >据收到的配置信息完成配置， 并用收到的第 二标识来更新自身保存的第一标识。
步骤 305、 终端管理单元确认该终端设备的配置信息正确， 之后结 束本处理流程。
通过上述步骤即可实现对终端设备的配置。
当然， 为保证终端设备中的配置信息只由终端管理单元分配， 对于 采用第一标识与第二标识的方案来说， 还需要对终端设备进行设置， 使 终端设备在自身的配置信息被终端管理单元之外的其他设备修改后， 将 自身的第一标识重置为初始值。 这样， 终端设备在上电或复位后， 再执 行图 3所示流程的处理时， 就可以由终端管理单元对该终端设备中的配 置信息进行重新配置。 其中， 由于终端设备通常会通过特定端口从终端 管理单元接收配置信息， 因此， 如果终端设备从该特定端口以外的其他 端口接收配置信息， 或者从其他设备接收配置信息， 则可以确定本终端 设备的配置信息是被终端管理单元以外的其他设备修改了。
如前所述， 本发明方案可以为所有终端设备设置相同的配置信息， 也可以为每个终端设备分别设置相应的配置信息。 如果是为所有终端设 备设置相同的配置信息， 则无法根据终端设备的需要进行个性化的配 置； 如果是为每个终端设备设置相应的配置信息， 则终端管理单元需要 保存的信息量非常大。 而对于用户来说， 同类用户的终端设备的配置需 求通常相同， 因此没有必要为每个终端设备进行配置。
为此， 本发明提出了以下改进方案， 其主要是对上述分配配置信息 的方案进行改进。
为实现对同类用户的终端设备的统一管理， 可以首先对用户进行分 类， 比如， 将用户分为普通用户、 网吧用户、 公司用户等。 为每一类用 户的终端设备分配相同的配置信息， 并保存每个终端设备与所分配的配 置信息的对应关系。
其中， 为每类终端设备分配相应的配置信息， 具体可以是为每类用 户的终端设备建立对应的配置模板， .每个配置模板中保存了该类用户的 终端设备开通业务所需的配置信息。 该配置模板可以以数据库或文件形 式保存在终端管理单元所运行的物理实体上， 也可以保存在终端管理单 元可以访问的其他物理实体上。
在配置模板建立后， 还需要为每个终端设备指定相应的配置模板， 即建立终端设备与配置模板的对应关系， 该对应关系可存储在文件中， 也可存储在数据库中。 其中， 由于终端设备本身具有标识， 该标识为地 址、 名称 /ID等信息， 本发明方案再为每个配置模板设置相应的标识， 则终端设备与配置模板的对应关系可以通过终端设备标识到配置模板 标识的映射来表示。
为便于比较， 同样可以在终端管理单元中设置每个终端设备所对应 的第二标识， 该第二标识用于标识终端管理单元中与终端设备对应的配 置信息，并在终端设备中设置用于标识配置信息的第一标识。如前所述， 该标识可以通过对配置信息的计算得到。 同样， 终端管理单元中的第二 标识可以是为每个终端设备分别保存， 即终端管理单元在保存该终端设 备与配置模板的对应关系时， 可以同时保存相应的第二标识， 则终端管 理单元可以直接根据该终端设备的标识获取相应的第二标识； 也可以是 为所有的终端设备保存一个第二标识。 还可以为每类终端设备设置一个 第二标识， 这种情况下， 该第二标识可以保存在相应的配置模板中， 即 该配置模板所对应的终端设备使用同一个第二标识， 则终端管理单元需 要从配置模板中获取相应的第二标识。
在设置了配置模板及终端设备与配置模板之间的对应关系之后， 终 端管理单元如果确定终端设备中的第一标识与该终端设备所对应的第 二标识不同， 则可以根据该终端设备的标识及自身保存的映射关系确定 相应的配置模板， 并将该配置模板中的配置信息发送给该终端设备， 该 终端设备则可以根据接收到的配置信息进行更新。
以上所述仅为本发明方案的较佳实施例， 并不用以限定本发明的保 护范围。

Claims

权利要求书
1、一种自动配置终端设备的方法， 由终端管理单元为所述终端设备 提供所需的配置信息； 其特征在于， 该方法包括如下步骤：
a. 终端设备在上电 /复位后， 将当前的配置信息发送给终端管理单 元；
b. 终端管理单元判断该终端设备上报的配置信息是否与本终端管 理单元中针对该终端设备的配置信息相同，如果是，则结束本处理流程， 否则， 将本终端管理单元中针对该终端设备的配置信息发送给该终端设 备；
c 终端设备利用收到的配置信息更新自身的配置信息。
2、根据权利要求 1所述的方法， 其特征在于， 所述终端管理单元为 终端设备提供配置信息为： 为所有终端设备提供相同的配置信息；
步骤 b中， 所述终端管理单元将针对该终端设备的配置信息发送给 该终端设备为： 直接将本终端管理单元中保存的配置信息发送给该终端 设备。
3、根据权利要求 1所述的方法， 其特征在于， 所述终端管理单元为 终端设备提供配置信息为： 为每个终端设备分别提供配置信息， 且保存 终端设备与相应配置信息的对应关系；
步厥 b中， 所述终端管理单元将针对该终端设备的配置信息发送给 该终端设备为： 确定该终端设备所对应的配置信息， 并将所述配置信息 发送给该终端设备。
4、 根据权利要求 1所述的方法， 其特征在于， 该方法进一步包括： 根据用户将终端设备分为一类以上；
所述终端管理单元为终端设备提供配置信息为： 为每类终端设备分 配相同的配置信息；
步驟 b中， 所述终端管理单元将针对该终端设备的配置信息发送给 该终端设备包括： 确定该终端设备所属类别的配置信息， 之后将该配置 信息发送给该终端设备。
5、根据权利要求 4所述的方法， 其特征在于， 所述为每类终端设备 分配相同的配置信息为： 为每类终端设备分配一个配置模板， 将每类终 端设备的配置信息保存在相应的配置模板中， 并保存每个终端设备与配 置模板的对应关系。
6、根据权利要求 1至 5中任意一项所述的方法， 其特征在于， 该方 法进一步包括： 预先在每个终端设备中设置用于标识该设备中配置信息 的第一标识， 并在终端管理单元中为终端设备设置用于标识该终端设备 所需的配置信息的第二标识；
步骤 a中，所述终端设备将当前的配置信息发送给终端管理单元为： 将自身保存的第一标识发送给终端管理单元；
步骤 b中， 所述终端管理单元判断该终端设备上报的配置信息是否 与本终端管理单元中保存的配置信息相同为： 判断该终端设备上 的第 一标识是否与本终端管理单元中针对该终端设备的第二标识相同；
该方法在所述步骤 b确定终端设备上报的配置信息与终端管理单元 中的配置信息不同后， 进一步包括： 统一终端管理单元中针对该终端设 备的第二标识与该终端设备中的第一标识。
7、根据权利要求 6所述的方法， 其特征在于， 所述在终端管理单元 中为终端设备设置第二标识为： 为每个终端设备分别设置第二标识； 所述统一终端管理单元中的第二标识与终端设备中的第一标识为： 终端管理单元利用终端设备上报的第一标识更新本终端管理单元中针 对该终端设备的第二标识； 所述统一终端管理单元中的第二标识与终端设备中的第一标识或者 为： 终端设备才艮据收到的配置信息得到新的第一标识， 并将该新的第一 标识发送给终端管理单元， 终端管理单元利用该新的第一标识更新本终 端管理单元中针对该终端设备的第二标识。
8、根据权利要求 6所述的方法， 其特征在于， 所述终端管理单元中 为每个终端设备设置第二标识为： 为每个终端设备分别设置第二标识， 或者为所有终端设备设置相同的第二标识；
步骤 b中， 所述终端管理单元在确定终端设备上 4艮的第一标识与本 终端管理单元中针对该终端设备的第二标识不同后， 进一步包括： 将针 对该终端设备的第二标识发送给终端设备；
所述统一终端管理单元中的第二标识与终端设备中的第一标识为： 终端设备利用收到的第二标识更新自身的第一标识。
9、 根据权利要求 6所述的方法， 其特征在于， 该方法进一步包括： 所述终端设备在确定自身的配置信息被终端管理单元之外的其他设备 修改后， 将自身的第一标识重置为初始值。
10、 根据权利要求 1所述的方法， 其特征在于所述步骤 b中， 所述 终端管理单元将配置信息发送给终端设备为： 通过配置文件或批命令发 送给终端设备。
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DE602005017368T DE602005017368D1 (de) 2004-07-13 2005-07-13 Verfahren zur automatischen konfigurationen eines terminals
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