CN100466621C - 通信网络中承载接口的接纳控制系统及接纳控制方法 - Google Patents

通信网络中承载接口的接纳控制系统及接纳控制方法 Download PDF

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CN100466621C
CN100466621C CNB200610090436XA CN200610090436A CN100466621C CN 100466621 C CN100466621 C CN 100466621C CN B200610090436X A CNB200610090436X A CN B200610090436XA CN 200610090436 A CN200610090436 A CN 200610090436A CN 100466621 C CN100466621 C CN 100466621C
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control
medium process
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communication
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CN1874319A (zh
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俞承志
欧阳聪星
魏冰
陈旭
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China Mobile Communications Group Co Ltd
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China Mobile Communications Group Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种通信网络中承载接口的接纳控制系统及接纳控制方法，该系统包括：通信控制模块和一个或多个通过管理控制接口与其连接的媒体处理模块；媒体处理模块中设有媒体分组收发模块和拥塞检测模块；通信控制模块中设有拥塞状态管理模块和校正操作模块。该方法包括：确定通信业务所需的流向；访问拥塞状态管理模块获取流向的拥塞状态信息；根据预先设定的策略和拥塞等级信息对通信业务执行接纳或拒绝的操作。本发明弥补了现有技术中通信控制模块过负荷、媒体处理模块过负荷和控制接口拥塞情况下的接纳控制机制无法真正改善网络通信业务质量的缺陷，实现了针对承载接口拥塞情况下的接纳控制，进一步提高了网络通信业务质量。

Description

通信网络中承载接口的接纳控制系统及接纳控制方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种接纳控制系统及接纳控制方法，尤其是一种在下一代通信网络中针对承载接口拥塞情况下的接纳控制系统及接纳控制方法。
背景技术
下一代网络(NGN)是一个以分组通信网络为承载，提供固定移动话音、数据和视频等多种业务的融合网络。NGN以软交换为核心技术，其基本特征是控制功能和承载功能分离。
参见图1，其为现有技术的分组通信网络的结构示意图。其中媒体处理模块的主要功能是负责媒体流的承载业务，而通信控制模块的主要的功能是过软件实现连接控制、翻译和选路、网关管理、呼叫控制、带宽管理、信令、安全性和生成呼叫详细记录等功能，从而把控制和承载分离。其中，具备通信媒体信息直接通信关系(这里的“直接”指不经过另一个媒体处理模块做转接处理)的两个媒体处理模块之间的接口称为承载接口。媒体流从一个媒体处理模块通过分组骨干网直接传送到另一个媒体处理模块的通信关系称为流向。例如，媒体处理模块11和媒体处理模块32之间存在着两个流向，流向S11-32和流向S32-11。
具备直接通信关系(这里的直接指不经过另一个通信控制模块做转接处理)的两个通信控制模块之间的接口称为网络控制接口，该通信关系也称为两通信控制模块之间的局向。局向按业务请求的方向又分为入局和出局。例如，业务请求从通信控制模块1发到通信控制模块3，则对于通信控制模块1而言，该局向称为出局，即局向N13。若业务请求从通信控制模块3发到通信控制模块1，则对于通信控制模块1而言，该局向称为入局，即局向N31。通信控制模块与其下属的媒体处理模块之间传递管理控制信息的接口称为管理控制接口。
在网络通信中，由于传输和处理的数据量很大，而各个模块和接口能够处理和传输的数据量是有限的，当某个模块的数据处理量超过一定范围或某个接口上传输的数据量超过一定的范围时，会造成模块的过负荷或接口的拥塞，在这种情况下，需要某种机制来保护正在进行中的通信业务的质量，这种保护机制称为接纳控制。
现有技术的接纳控制主要针对通信控制模块过负荷、媒体处理模块过负荷、控制接口拥塞。下面以3G R4软交换网为例，分别介绍这三种情况下的接纳控制。
首先介绍通信控制模块过负荷情况下的接纳控制，对于3G R4软交换网而言，通信控制模块即为软交换机也叫MSC服务器(MSC Server)，当单位时间内软交换机接收到的试呼数超过它的实际处理能力时，就认为软交换机处于节点过负荷状态。软交换机节点自身的过负荷可能导致系统处理过程中的消息溢出，系统做出错误反应，系统实际处理能力骤降，丢失大量业务等。软交换机节点过负荷控制的目的是确保软交换机在过负荷状态下仍能继续正常工作，而且在保证业务质量的前提下软交换机的实际处理能力仍能接近软交换机设计时的标称容量。当软交换机处于过负荷状态下时，对软交换机的性能有两个基本要求：1)在过负荷状态下，保持足够的呼叫处理能力；2)对于过负荷的发生能快速的进行响应。为了达到上述的要求，就需要软交换机节点自身的过负荷控制
参见图2，其为现有技术的过负荷状态下软交换机的呼叫处理能力曲线图。当软交换机的负荷超过它设计时的标称容量时，如果节点无过负荷控制机制，那么软交换机的呼叫处理能力会急剧下降，如曲线A所示。曲线B为过负荷状态下软交换机理论上的最大呼叫处理能力。曲线C则为具有过负荷控制机制的软交换机的实际呼叫处理能力曲线，此时呼叫处理能力只是略微下降，但仍接近设计时的标称容量。
目前软交换机节点过负荷控制的实现是基于模块进行的。因为软交换机一般采用模块化分布式结构，负荷分担在分散的模块上，方便进行基于模块的过负荷控制。软交换机过负荷控制时主要考虑两方面：1)平台，应用程序，处理进程的过负荷；2)信令的过负荷。通常根据某模块的CPU占用或缓存占用是否超过系统设定的阈值(例如CPU负荷>＝80％)来决定该模块是否启动过负荷控制机制。
软交换机的过负荷控制操作可分为三个阶段：1)检测：检测例如信令链路、处理进程、应用程序的过负荷情况，并报告到整个系统；2)校正：采取措施逐步减少进入软交换机的负荷；3)清除：过负荷状态清除，系统复原。当软交换机处于校正阶段时，软交换机只是拒绝出局和入局的新的呼叫请求，而不中断已经接受的和正在进行的呼叫。
下面介绍媒体处理模块过负荷情况下的接纳控制，对于3G R4软交换网而言，媒体处理模块即为MGW(Media Gateway，媒体网关)，MGW节点自身的过负荷控制功能需要在软交换机的配合下完成。MGW根据检测到的自身的CPU占用或其它资源使用情况(例如内部处理队列的等待时间、TC(TransCoder，代码转换器)资源占用)决定是否启动过负荷控制功能。
下面介绍控制接口拥塞情况下的接纳控制。参见图3，其为现有技术的网络控制接口拥塞接纳控制原理示意图。目前，在3G R4软交换网的Nc(网络控制)接口上，现有的控制接口拥塞情况下的接纳控制机制为当软交换机的M3UA(MTP3User Adaptation layer，消息传递部分第三级用户适配层)层发现某一局向的信令链路(SCTP(Stream Control Transmission Protocol，流控制传送协议)偶联)发生拥塞(可能因本端发送的信令业务量过大或IP网络拥塞，超过了预先设置的拥塞门限)时，将向本端M3UA用户(BICC(BearerIndependent Call Control，与承载独立的呼叫控制)协议层)指出拥塞，以调用适当的高层响应。同时将使用SCON(Signalling Congestion，信令拥塞)消息(M3UA层消息)向该直联局向的软交换机的M3UA对等层指示本端拥塞(其中带有拥塞等级参数)。收到SCON消息的节点将降低发送的信令业务量。当本端检测到拥塞解除(达到预先设置的拥塞解除门限)时，可以发送拥塞等级为0的SCON消息指示拥塞解除或停止发送SCON消息。当软交换机的M3UA层接收到对端拥塞指示时(其中带有“拥塞等级”参数)，软交换机应对去往该局向的出呼叫进行接纳控制的校正操作：系统采取措施依策略减少去往该拥塞局向的出呼叫。当软交换机的M3UA层接收到对端拥塞解除指示时(SCON消息中的拥塞等级为0，或接收不到SCON消息)，软交换机应停止对去往该局向的出局呼叫所进行的校正操作。
以上介绍了对于通信控制模块过负荷、媒体处理模块过负荷、网络控制接口拥塞情况下的接纳控制，但对于承载接口拥塞情况下的接纳控制还没有完善的机制。而正是由于没有完善的针对承载接口拥塞的接纳控制，也使得通信控制模块过负荷、媒体处理模块过负荷和控制接口拥塞情况下的接纳控制无法实现真正改善网络通信业务质量的目的，存在着许多缺陷，具体来说：
首先，在3G R4软交换网中，节点过负荷控制能使软交换机和MGW在节点处于过负荷状态下时仍能继续正常的工作，而且其处理能力能接近设计时的标称容量。但是节点过负荷控制方法是针对整个节点自身的负荷来进行过负荷控制的，该方法无法感知IP承载网的状态，也无法区分不同的流向。具体而言，对于软交换机和MGW，节点过负荷控制方法存在以下缺点：
1、当软交换机节点自身没有过负荷时，但软交换机相连的MGW接入IP网的某个流向上出现拥塞，此时由于软交换机节点还未过负荷，它无法对该流向的呼叫进行接纳控制。
2、当MGW节点自身没有过负荷时，但MGW接入IP网的某个流向上出现拥塞，此时MGW无法通知软交换对该流向的呼叫进行接纳控制。
而对于控制接口拥塞情况下接纳控制，其并不能解决承载接口的拥塞的问题，在基于IP承载的软交换网上，控制接口的拥塞情况和承载接口的拥塞情况并不一致。主要原因如下：
1、控制接口上的消息流量远比承载接口信息流量小。比如对一般的话音呼叫，承载信息流量比控制信息流量大2个数量级左右。
2、控制信息流的QoS(Quality of Service，服务质量)特性与承载信息流不同。控制信息流一般是可靠性敏感，但时延不敏感。而承载信息流一般是可靠性不敏感，但对时延很敏感。
3、在软交换网上，由于控制与承载相分离的特性，对于同一呼叫，控制信息流的IP路由与承载信息流的IP路由一般是不同的。
4、在IP网上，由于控制信息流的QoS特性与承载信息流不同，往往对两种信息流采用不同的IP传输策略处理。比如打成不同DiffServ(Differentiated Services，区分服务)类型的IP包，或在不同的VPN(VirtualPrivate Network，虚拟专用网)中传输。
因此，控制接口拥塞的接纳控制无法代替承载接口拥塞的接纳控制。
发明内容
本发明的目的是针对上述现有技术中的接纳控制机制存在的缺陷，提供一种通信网络中承载接口接纳控制方法，通过该方法实现了在承载接口拥塞的情况下的接纳控制，弥补了通信控制模块过负荷、媒体处理模块过负荷和控制接口拥塞情况下的接纳控制无法真正改善网络通信业务质量的缺陷，进一步提高了网络通信业务质量。
本发明的另一目的是针对上述现有技术中的接纳控制机制存在的缺陷，提供一种通信网络中承载接口接纳控制系统，可以完成承载接口的拥塞状态的检测、管理和对通信业务的接纳控制，保证在承载接口处于拥塞状态下合理的处理网络通信业务，提高整个网络的通信业务质量。
为实现上述发明目的，本发明提供了一种通信网络中承载接口接纳控制系统，包括一个通信控制模块和一个或多个媒体处理模块；所述通信控制模块和所述媒体处理模块通过管理控制接口连接，所述的多个媒体处理模块间通过承载接口连接；
在所述媒体处理模块中设有媒体分组收发模块，用于执行媒体分组的收发；还设有拥塞检测模块，与所述媒体分组收发模块连接，用于对本系统媒体处理模块与网络中的媒体处理模块间或者系统内媒体处理模块间的各个流向的拥塞状态进行检测，并将检测到的流向的拥塞状态信息上报给通信控制模块；
在所述通信控制模块中设有拥塞状态管理模块，通过管理控制接口与所述拥塞检测模块连接，用于接收所述拥塞检测模块上报的流向拥塞状态信息并进行记录；还设有校正操作模块，与所述拥塞状态管理模块连接，用于分析确定新的通信业务所需的流向并根据流向拥塞状态信息对该通信业务进行接纳控制的操作。
本发明还提供了一种通信网络中承载接口的接纳控制方法，包括如下步骤：
步骤1、校正操作模块在通信业务的建立过程中确定所述通信业务所需的流向；
步骤2、所述校正操作模块访问拥塞状态管理模块获取所述流向的拥塞状态信息；所述拥塞状态管理模块从通信控制模块下属的媒体处理模块中的拥塞检测模块中获取各个流向的拥塞状态信息，并进行存储。
步骤3、所述校正操作模块根据预先设定的策略和所述流向的拥塞状态信息中携带的拥塞等级信息对所述通信业务执行接纳或拒绝的操作。
由上述技术方案可知，本发明弥补了现有技术中通信控制模块过负荷、媒体处理模块过负荷和控制接口拥塞情况下的接纳控制机制无法真正改善网络通信业务质量的缺陷，实现了针对承载接口拥塞情况下的接纳控制，进一步提高了网络通信业务质量。
下面通过附图和实施例，对本发明的技术方案做进一步的详细描述。
附图说明
图1为现有技术的分组通信网络的结构示意图；
图2为现有技术的过负荷状态下软交换机的呼叫处理能力曲线图；
图3为现有技术的网络控制接口拥塞接纳控制原理示意图；
图4为本发明的通信网络中承载接口接纳控制系统结构示意图；
图5为本发明的包括一个通信控制模块和一个媒体处理模块的承载接口接纳控制系统结构示意图；
图6为本发明的通信网络中承载接口的接纳控制方法流程图；
图7为本发明的3G R4软交换网具体实施例的网络结构示意图。
具体实施方式
参见图4，其为本发明的承载接口接纳控制系统结构示意图，该系统包括通信控制模块1和n个媒体处理模块2；所述通信制模块1和所述媒体处理模块2通过管理控制接口3连接；在所述媒体处理模块2中设有媒体分组收发模块22，用于执行媒体分组的收发；拥塞检测模块21，与所述媒体分组收发模块22连接，用于对本系统媒体处理模块与网络中的媒体处理模块之间或者本系统内媒体处理模块间的各个流向的拥塞状态进行检测，并将检测到的流向的拥塞状态信息上报给通信控制模块；
在所述通信控制模块1中设有拥塞状态管理模块11，通过管理控制接口3与所述拥塞检测模块21连接，用于接收所述拥塞检测模块21上报的流向拥塞信息并进行记录；校正操作模块12与所述拥塞状态管理模块11连接，用于分析确定新的通信业务所需的流向并根据流向拥塞状态信息对该通信业务进行接纳控制的操作。
上述承载接口接纳控制系统也可以只包括一个通信控制模块1和一个媒体处理模块2，如图5所示。
上述的承载接口接纳控制系统可以完成拥塞检测、拥塞上报、拥塞状态管理和通信业务的接纳控制。
参见图6，其为本发明的通信业务的接纳控制方法流程图，包括如下步骤：
步骤101、校正操作模块在通信业务的建立过程中确定所述通信业务所需的流向；
步骤102、所述校正操作模块访问拥塞状态管理模块获取所述流向的拥塞状态信息；所述拥塞状态管理模块从通信控制模块下属的媒体处理模块中的拥塞检测模块中获取各个流向的拥塞状态信息，并进行存储。
步骤103、所述校正操作模块根据预先设定的策略和所述流向的拥塞状态信息中携带的拥塞等级信息对所述通信业务执行接纳或拒绝的操作。
进行接纳控制的前提是要通信控制模块可以获知到通信业务所需的流向的拥塞状况，在本发明的具体实施中，是由拥塞检测模块和拥塞状态管理模块来完成，具体为：
拥塞检测：
拥塞状态检测是为了判断承载接口是否拥塞，通信网络中承载接口的拥塞状态检测是由媒体处理模块中的拥塞检测模块完成的。拥塞检测的原理是，在媒体处理模块执行媒体分组的收发过程中，拥塞检测模块对本端媒体处理模块与其它媒体处理模块之间的各个流向上的媒体分组的接收和发送质量进行测量，分析各个流向是否拥塞。并根据拥塞的严重程度，将拥塞流向的拥塞状态定义为若干个拥塞等级。由于最终的目的是为了进行接纳控制，即需要将各个流向的拥塞状态信息上报给拥塞状态管理模块，但为了减少管理控制接口传输的数据量和通信控制模块的处理开销，可以有选择的进行信息上报，这样可以将检测到的流向的拥塞状态信息先存储在媒体处理模块中，然后只上报拥塞状态改变的流向的拥塞状态信息，具体的存储方式可以有多种，例如存储在寄存器中、或者以表格、链表、数组等形式存储在系统中。假定以流向拥塞状态表的形式存储，在该表中只存储发生拥塞的流向的信息(媒体分组收发中的数据发送端的IP地址和数据接收端的IP地址，以及拥塞等级)，该表如下所示：
表1、拥塞检测模块中的流向拥塞状态表
Figure C200610090436D00121
通过该表可以反映出该媒体处理模块涉及的流向的拥塞状态。
拥塞上报：
拥塞检测完成后需要将检测的结果上报给拥塞状态管理模块，当媒体处理模块的拥塞检测模块完成了对某个流向的拥塞状态的检测后，先将检测结果与拥塞检测模块中存储的拥塞状态表中存储的信息进行比较，确定该流向的拥塞状态是否发生了变化，如果发生了变化，拥塞检测模块通过媒体处理模块和通信控制模块之间的管理控制接口，将该流向的拥塞状态信息上报给通信控制模块的拥塞状态管理模块。上报的流向拥塞状态信息一般包括该拥塞流向的数据发送端媒体处理模块的IP地址、数据接收端媒体处理模块的IP地址、该流向的拥塞等级。
拥塞状态管理：
当通信控制模块接收到它下面的各个媒体处理模块上报的流向拥塞状态时，通信控制模块需要对各个流向的拥塞状态进行管理，实现拥塞状态管理功能的便是通信控制模块的拥塞状态管理模块。拥塞状态管理模块用于存储和管理各个流向的拥塞状态信息。流向的拥塞信息可以以多种形式存储，可以存储在寄存器中、或者以表格、链表、数组等形式存储在系统中。假定以流向拥塞状态表的形式存储，该表如下：
表2、拥塞状态管理模块中的流向拥塞状态表
 
发端IP地址 收端IP地址 拥塞等级
11.1.1.1 11.1.1.2 拥塞等级X
11.1.1.1 11.1.1.3 拥塞等级Y
11.1.1.3 11.1.1.1 拥塞等级Y
11.1.1.4 11.1.1.1 拥塞等级Y
11.1.1.2 11.1.1.6 拥塞等级Y
11.1.1.2 11.1.1.5 拥塞等级X
11.1.1.4 11.1.1.2 拥塞等级X
流向拥塞状态表可以采用动态检测的方式生成。通信控制模块的拥塞状态管理模块根据在通信进行过程中媒体处理模块上报的流向拥塞信息填写流向拥塞状态表：即在该表中增加一行。当某流向的拥塞状态解除时，拥塞状态管理模块将把该流向所对应的表项删除(即删除表中的一行)。当全网的拥塞状态发生变化时，该表的规模也将进行相应地变化，从而全面实时的反映了通信控制模块下属的所有媒体处理模块的流向的拥塞状态。
一个新的通信业务的建立是以通信控制模块收到新的通信业务请求开始的，对于确定一个通信业务的所需的流向，可以通过通信业务的发起端的媒体处理模块的IP地址，通信业务的接收端的媒体处理模块的IP地址，和通信业务的内容来确定的，其中通信业务内容可以从通信业务的请求承载的信息获得，根据通信业务内容可以得出所述通信业务需要单向数据传输还是双向业务传出，从而结合两个IP地址便可确定所需流向，确定所需流向的具体操作为：
步骤11、所述校正操作模块分析所述通信业务的请求信息中包含的业务内容信息，得到所述通信业务的数据传输方向；
步骤12、所述校正操作模块确定所述业务的发起端的媒体处理模块的IP地址和接收端的媒体处理模块的IP地址；
步骤13、所述校正操作模块通过所述业务的数据传输方向、发起端的媒体处理模块的IP地址和接收端的媒体处理模块的IP地址确定所述通信业务所需的流向。
一个新的通信业务可分为三种：1)入局业务：对端的通信控制模块发起的到本端通信控制模块的通信业务。2)出局业务：本端的通信控制模块发起的到对端通信控制模块的出局业务。3)局内业务：从本端的通信控制模块下属的媒体处理模块发起的到下属的另一媒体处理模块的局内业务。根据不同种类的通信业务，其业务的建立过程有所不同，使得通信控制模块在确定该通信业务所需的流向时有所不同。
对于入局业务，上述步骤12为：
所述校正操作模块分析网络控制信息，得到所述业务的发起端的媒体处理模块的IP地址；所述校正操作模块分析管理控制信息，得到所述业务的接收端的媒体处理模块的IP地址。具体来说本端的通信控制模块的接纳控制校正操作模块分析在该业务请求建立过程中从对端通信控制模块接收到的网络控制信息的内容，得到对端媒体处理模块的IP地址；本端的通信控制模块分析与其下属的媒体处理模块之间的管理控制信息，得到本端媒体处理模块的IP地址。接纳控制校正操作模块通过对端和本端的IP地址便得到该入局业务请求所属的流向。
对于出局业务，上述步骤12为：
所述校正操作模块分析管理控制信息，得到所述业务的发起端的媒体处理模块的IP地址；所述校正操作模块分析网络控制信息，得到所述业务的接收端的媒体处理模块的IP地址。具体来说本端的通信控制模块分析与其下属的媒体处理模块之间的管理控制信息，得到本端媒体处理模块的IP地址；本端的通信控制模块的接纳控制校正操作模块分析在该业务请求建立过程中从对端通信控制模块接收到的网络控制信息的内容，得到对端媒体处理模块的IP地址。接纳控制校正操作模块通过对端和本端的IP地址便得到该出局业务请求所属的流向。
对于局内业务，上述步骤12为：所述校正操作模块分析管理控制信息，得到所述业务的发起端和接收端的媒体处理模块的IP地址。具体来说在该业务请求建立过程中，本端通信控制模块的接纳控制校正操作模块分析从其下属的媒体处理模块接收到的管理控制信息的内容，确定该业务请求跨越了其下属的哪两个媒体处理模块，从而确定该请求所属的流向。
根据通信业务请求的分组数据传送方式，可分为分组数据单向发送、分组数据单向接收、分组数据双向传送三种方式。对于单向发送和单向接收只需占用一个流向，所以在只需判断该流向是否拥塞即可，而对于双向传送需判断两个流向，如果其中一个流向发生了拥塞，便认为无法进行正常的数据传输，从而要拒绝该通信业务。
承载接口拥塞情况下的进行接纳控制必然会在一定程度上增加了通信控制模块的负担，因此在接纳控制的同时，也必须考虑到通信控制模块自身的处理能力，可以将承载接口的接纳控制进行限制在通信控制模块还未过负荷，节点接纳控制机制还未启动的情况下。参见图2，点(M，M)为通信控制模块启动节点接纳控制的临界点。承载接口拥塞情况下的接纳控制仅工作在点(0，0)到点(M，M)的线性区域内，此时通信控制模块尚未过负荷。一旦通信控制模块本身过负荷，启动节点接纳控制机制后，承载接口拥塞情况下的接纳控制机制将立即停止。因为通信控制模块已经过负荷，再要求通信控制模块去分析新业务的流向去做基于承载接口的接纳控制会大大加重通信控制模块的负荷，而且通信控制模块此时已无此处理能力。因此在上述步骤1之前还设有判断通信控制模块是否过负荷，如果是，则执行步骤5，如果不是，则执行步骤1。
上述的接纳控制系统及方法，可应用于3G R4软交换网络和IMS(IPMultimedia Subsystem，IP多媒体子系统)网络，对于3G R4软交换网络，通信控制模块即为MSC Server(MSC服务器)，媒体处理模块即为MGW，网络控制接口上采用BICC协议，管理控制接口上为H248协议。承载接口上为RTP/RTCP(Real-Time Transport Protocol实时传送协议/Real Time ControlProtocol实时传送控制协议)媒体流。
对于IMS网络，上述方案中的通信控制模块可为MGCF(Media GatewayControl Function，媒体网关控制功能)、MRFC(Multimedia ResourceFunction Controller，多媒体资源功能控制器)、CSCF(Call Session ControlFunction，呼叫会话控制功能)和PDF(Policy Decision Function，策略决策功能)等模块。媒体处理模块可为IMS-MGW、MRFP(Multimedia ResourceFunction Processor，多媒体资源功能处理器)、GGSN(Gateway GPRS SupportNode，网关GPRS支持节点)和SBC(Session Border Controller，边界会话控制器)等模块。网络控制接口上采用SIP(Session Initiation Protocol，会话初始协议)协议，管理控制接口上采用SIP或H.248协议。承载接口上为RTP/RTCP媒体流。
下面给出3G R4软交换网承载接口拥塞情况下的接纳控制具体实施例。参见图7，其为本发明的3G R4软交换网具体实施例的网络结构示意图，以MSC Server1为例，流向定义如下：
流向S31：所有从MGW3到MGW1的呼叫都属于流向S31上的呼叫。
流向S41：所有从MGW4到MGW1的呼叫都属于流向S41上的呼叫。
流向S13：所有从MGW1到MGW3的呼叫都属于流向S13上的呼叫。
流向S42：所有从MGW4到MGW2的呼叫都属于流向S42上的呼叫。
流向S51：所有从MGW5到MGW1的呼叫都属于流向S51上的呼叫。
流向S62：所有从MGW6到MGW2的呼叫都属于流向S62上的呼叫。
其中MGW1的IP地址为11.1.1.1，MGW2的IP地址为11.1.1.2，MGW3的IP地址为11.1.1.3，MGW4的IP地址为11.1.1.4，MGW5的IP地址为11.1.1.5，MGW6的IP地址为11.1.1.6；
拥塞检测：
拥塞检测的原理是，MSC Server1下的MGW1和MGW2中的拥塞检测模块定时检测各个流向上的RTP流，通过RTCP协议计算出各个流向的QOS状态，如抖动、时延、丢包。MGW1和MGW2根据各个流向的QOS状态，对各个流向上是否发生拥塞进行判断，并根据拥塞的严重程度，将拥塞流向的拥塞状态定义为若干个拥塞等级。同时通过RTCP协议，还可得到拥塞流向两端MGW的IP地址和数据传输方向。
拥塞上报：
当MGW1或MGW2的拥塞检测模块发现某个流向发生拥塞时，将这一事件通过H.248协议的Notify命令上报给MSC Server1，此时的事件类型为H.248.1E.11Network Package包的qualityalert事件。如果MGW1或MGW2检测到某流向的拥塞已经解除时，也将这一事件通过H.248协议的Notify命令上报给MSC Server1，此时的事件类型为H.248.13的Quality AlertCeasing事件。
拥塞状态管理：
MSC Server1中的拥塞状态管理模块根据下属的MGW1和MGW2上报的流向拥塞状态信息填写流向拥塞状态表。MSC Server1接收到MGW1上报的流向S31拥塞的信息，MSC Server1根据流向S31的拥塞信息填写流向拥塞状态表，在该表中增加一行，当流向31的拥塞状态解除时，MSC Server1将把该流向所对应的表项删除(删除一行)。例如MGW1和MGW2上报给MSC Server1的拥塞流向有S31、S32、S52、S13和S21，则某时刻MSC Server1的流向拥塞状态表如下，其中X标识轻度拥塞，Y标识严重拥塞：
表3，MSC Server1的流向拥塞状态表
 
发端IP地址 收端IP地址 拥塞等级
11.1.1.3 11.1.1.1 拥塞等级X
11.1.1.3 11.1.1.2 拥塞等级X
11.1.1.5 11.1.1.2 拥塞等级X
11.1.1.1 11.1.1.3 拥塞等级Y
11.1.1.2 11.1.1.1 拥塞等级Y
新业务请求的接纳控制：
对于本实施例而言，入局业务即为入局呼叫，出局业务即为出局呼叫，局内业务即为局内呼叫。假定BICC协议采用前向快速隧道承载建立方式，下面将分入局、出局和局内三种情况举例说明。
入局呼叫的接纳控制：
当一个新的入局呼叫请求从MSC Server3到达MSC Server1时，MSCServer1的接纳控制步骤如下：
1)确定入局呼叫所需的流向，MSC Server1接收到MSC Server3的入局呼叫请求，MSC Server1的校正操作模块分析该呼叫建立过程中从MSCServer3接收到的BICC协议的IAM(Initial Address Message，初始地址消息)消息，分析该IAM消息中IPBCP(IP Bearer Control Protocol，IP承载控制协议)消息的内容。IPBCP消息中有一个连接数据字段“c＝<network type><address type><connection address>(其中network type、address type、connection address分别为网络类型、地址类型、连接地址)”，该字段的<connection address>即为对端MGW的IP地址。然后，分析该呼叫建立过程中从其下属的MGW接收到的H.248协议的NOTIFY.request(通知.请求)消息，得到了该呼叫本端MGW的IP地址。由于呼叫业务是需要双向的数据传输，因此，便知道了该呼叫所需的流向为S51和S15。
2)查询流向拥塞状态表，获取S51和S15的拥塞状态信息。由于呼叫过程中话音数据是双向传送的，所以要求流向S51和流向S15不拥塞或处于轻度拥塞。MSC Server1的校正操作模块查询拥塞状态管理模块中的流向拥塞状态表，查询结果为空，说明流向S51和S15均未拥塞。
3)MSC Server1的校正操作模块接纳该入局呼叫业务。
出局呼叫请求的接纳控制：
当一个新的出局呼叫请求从MSC Server1送到MSC Server2时，MSCServer1的接纳控制步骤如下：
1)确定出局呼叫所需的流向，MSC Server1发送出局呼叫请求到MSCServer2，MSC Server1的校正操作模块分析该呼叫建立过程中从其下属的MGW接收到的H.248协议的NOTIFY.request消息，得到了该呼叫本端MGW的IP地址。然后，分析该呼叫建立过程中从MSC Server2接收到的BICC协议的APM(Application transport message，应用传送消息)消息，MSC Server1分析该APM消息中IPBCP消息的内容。IPBCP消息中有一个连接数据字段“c＝<network type><address type><connection address>”，该字段的<connection address>即为对端MGW的IP地址。由于呼叫业务是需要双向的数据传输，因此，便知道了该呼叫业务所需的流向为S31和S13。
2)查询流向拥塞状态表，获取该流向的拥塞状态信息。由于呼叫过程中话音数据是双向传送的，所以要求流向S31和流向S13不拥塞或处于轻度拥塞。MSC Server1中的校正操作模块查询拥塞状态管理模块中的流向拥塞状态表，发现流向S31和S13均处于拥塞状态，并且S13处于严重拥塞状态。
3)MSC Server1的校正操作模块拒绝该出局呼叫业务。
局内呼叫请求的接纳控制：
当一个新的局内呼叫请求从MGW2送到MSC Server1，MSC Server1的接纳控制步骤如下：
1)确定局内呼叫所需的流向。MSC Server1接收到从MGW2送来的局内呼叫请求，MSC Server1的校正操作模块分析该呼叫建立过程中从其下属的MGW收到的H.248协议的ADD.reply消息，得到该呼叫两端MGW的IP地址。由于该呼叫两端MGW的IP地址不同，MSC Server1知道了该呼叫跨越了两个不同的MGW，即MGW1和MGW2。由于呼叫业务是需要双向的数据传输，因此，便知道了该呼叫所需的流向为S21和S12。
2)由查询流向拥塞状态表，获取该流向的拥塞状态信息。由于呼叫过程中话音数据是双向传送的，所以要求流向S21和流向S12不拥塞或处于轻度拥塞状态。MSC Server1的校正操作模块查询拥塞状态管理模块中的流向拥塞状态表，发现流向S21处于严重拥塞状态。
3)MSC Server1的校正操作模块拒绝该局内呼叫业务。
在实际的应用中，根据具体的需要灵活的制定接纳控制的策略，例如，可以对某些特殊用户的呼叫业务设定更严格的接纳控制的策略，在建立呼叫业务的时候，要求传输话音数据占用的两个流向均不拥塞才可以接纳该业务，这样可以保证该特殊用户的通话质量。
考虑到MSC Server1的处理能力，对于MSC Server1而言，承载接口拥塞情况下的接纳控制是在MSC Server1还未过负荷，MSC Server1的节点接纳控制机制还未启动的情况下进行的。一旦MSC Server1本身过负荷，承载接口拥塞情况下的接纳控制便立即停止。
最后所应说明的是，以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非限制，尽管参照较佳实施例对本发明进行了详细说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解，可以对本发明的技术方案进行修改或者等同替换，而不脱离本发明技术方案的精神和范围。

Claims (11)

1、一种通信网络中承载接口的接纳控制系统，其特征在于包括一个通信控制模块和一个或多个媒体处理模块；所述通信控制模块和所述媒体处理模块通过管理控制接口连接，所述的多个媒体处理模块间通过承载接口连接；
在所述媒体处理模块中设有媒体分组收发模块，用于执行媒体分组的收发；还设有拥塞检测模块，与所述媒体分组收发模块连接，用于对本系统媒体处理模块与网络中的媒体处理模块间或者系统内媒体处理模块间的各个流向的拥塞状态进行检测，并将检测到的流向的拥塞状态信息上报给通信控制模块；
在所述通信控制模块中设有拥塞状态管理模块，通过管理控制接口与所述拥塞检测模块连接，用于接收所述拥塞检测模块上报的流向拥塞状态信息并进行记录；还设有校正操作模块，与所述拥塞状态管理模块连接，用于分析确定新的通信业务所需的流向并根据流向拥塞状态信息对该通信业务进行接纳控制的操作。
2、根据权利要求1所述的通信网络中承载接口的接纳控制系统，其特征在于所述通信控制模块为MSC服务器，所述媒体处理模块为媒体网关。
3、根据权利要求1所述的通信网络中承载接口的接纳控制系统，其特征在于所述通信控制模块为媒体网关控制功能模块或多媒体资源功能控制器或呼叫会话控制功能模块或策略决策功能模块，所述媒体处理模块为IP多媒体子系统媒体网关或多媒体资源功能处理器或网关GPRS支持节点或边界会话控制器。
4、一种通信网络中承载接口的接纳控制方法，包括如下步骤:
步骤1、校正操作模块在通信业务的建立过程中确定所述通信业务所需的流向；
步骤2、所述校正操作模块访问拥塞状态管理模块获取所述流向的拥塞状态信息；所述拥塞状态管理模块从通信控制模块下属的媒体处理模块中的拥塞检测模块中获取各个流向的拥塞状态信息，并进行存储；
步骤3、所述校正操作模块根据预先设定的策略和所述流向的拥塞状态信息中携带的拥塞等级信息对所述通信业务执行接纳或拒绝的操作。
5、根据权利要求4所述的通信网络中承载接口的接纳控制方法，其特征在于所述步骤1具体为:
步骤11、所述校正操作模块分析所述通信业务的请求信息中包含的业务内容信息，得到所述通信业务的数据传输方向；
步骤12、所述校正操作模块确定所述业务的发起端的媒体处理模块的IP地址和接收端的媒体处理模块的IP地址；
步骤13、所述校正操作模块通过所述业务的数据传输方向、发起端的媒体处理模块的IP地址和接收端的媒体处理模块的IP地址确定所述通信业务所需的流向。
6、根据权利要求5所述的通信网络中承载接口的接纳控制方法，其特征在于，对于入局通信业务，所述步骤12具体为:所述校正操作模块分析网络控制信息，得到所述业务的发起端的媒体处理模块的IP地址；所述校正操作模块分析管理控制信息，得到所述业务的接收端的媒体处理模块的IP地址。
7、根据权利要求5所述的通信网络中承载接口的接纳控制方法，其特征在于，对于出局通信业务，所述步骤12具体为:所述校正操作模块分析管理控制信息，得到所述业务的发起端的媒体处理模块的IP地址；所述校正操作模块分析网络控制信息，得到所述业务的接收端的媒体处理模块的IP地址。
8、根据权利要求5所述的通信网络中承载接口的接纳控制方法，其特征在于，对于局内通信业务，所述步骤12具体为:校正操作模块分析管理控制信息，得到所述业务的发起端和接收端的媒体处理模块的IP地址。
9、根据权利要求4所述的通信网络中承载接口的接纳控制方法，其特征在于在所述步骤1之前还设有判断通信控制模块是否过负荷，如果是，则结束，如果不是，则执行步骤1。
10、根据权利要求4-9任一所述的通信网络中承载接口的接纳控制方法，其特征在于所述通信控制模块为MSC服务器，所述媒体处理模块为媒体网关
11、根据权利要求4-9任一所述的通信网络中承载接口的接纳控制方法，其特征在于所述通信控制模块为媒体网关控制功能模块或多媒体资源功能控制器或呼叫会话控制功能模块或策略决策功能模块，所述媒体处理模块为IP多媒体子系统媒体网关或多媒体资源功能处理器或网关GPRS支持节点或边界会话控制器。
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