CN100464925C - AC tungsten inert gases welding electric arc micro-melting brazing procedure for aluminium, titanium and diverse metal alloy thereof - Google Patents
AC tungsten inert gases welding electric arc micro-melting brazing procedure for aluminium, titanium and diverse metal alloy thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN100464925C CN100464925C CNB2007100717866A CN200710071786A CN100464925C CN 100464925 C CN100464925 C CN 100464925C CN B2007100717866 A CNB2007100717866 A CN B2007100717866A CN 200710071786 A CN200710071786 A CN 200710071786A CN 100464925 C CN100464925 C CN 100464925C
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Abstract
An alternative-current tungsten electrode argon-arc welding micro-fusion solder welding method of aluminum, titanium and other alloys can resolve the problems of expensive device and long producing period. The inventive method comprises that 1, processing slope opening and truncated edge at the connection between titanium or titanium alloy plate, while its lower part is fixed on a copper clamper with circulate cooling device and upper part is mounted with a vibrator, and they are arranged into a welding chamber filled with inertia gas, 2, starting circular cooling device and vibrator and welding, using alternative-current tungsten electrode argon-arc welding micro-fusion solder welding method to stack aluminum alloy at the slope opening of titanium or titanium alloy plate, and opening the aluminum ally into aluminum alloy layer at 1cm-5cm thickness, opening slope opening and truncated edge, 3, opening slope opening and truncated edge at the connection between another aluminum or aluminum alloy plate, arranging into welding chamber, starting circulate cooling device and vibrator and welding, cooling the welding element in welding chamber into room temperature, while all slope opening and truncated edges are 30-55 degrees and 1-3mm.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of welding method.
Background technology
Aluminium and aluminium alloy, titanium or titanium alloy all have the characteristics that density is little, specific strength is high, and titanium alloy also had advantages such as corrosion resistance and good heat resistance, therefore aluminium and aluminium alloy, titanium or titanium alloy are widely used in transportation system, to alleviate the carrier deadweight, improve payload capacity, and then saving energy consumption, its cost increment of the every loss of weight 1kg of auto industry is 10 Euros according to statistics, then 1000 Euros of cost increments in the aerospace industry, in space is used, the increment of unit mass loss of weight cost has very big economic advantages more than 10000 Euros.The appearance of following therewith the connectivity problem of titanium or titanium alloy, aluminium and aluminium alloy foreign material, the welding of aluminium and aluminium alloy and titanium or titanium alloy foreign material mainly contains following some difficulty:
(1) intersolubility and intermetallic compound problem, the essential condition that obtains the welding point of dissimilar metal is: intersolubility is completely arranged between them; The solid solution of continuous series in the time of can forming the gap.When not possessing these conditions and physical and chemical performance and differ greatly, can produce the intermetallic compound and the eutectic of fragility, and be difficult to welding.If intermetallic compound is distributed between the alloy grain with superfine field trash form disperse, then may be harmless fully; And if be band shape or needle-like appears between the crystal boundary, or between two kinds of metals intermediate layer appears, the danger that causes the metal brittle fracture is just arranged.From the periodic table of elements and aluminium and titanium phasor as seen, two kinds of physical chemistry of metal nature difference are very big, at room temperature do not satisfy the intersolubility condition, when welding, will form intermetallic compound on the contact wire of titanium or titanium alloy and aluminium and aluminium alloy.Formed compound has Ti
3Al, TiAl, TiAl
2And TiAl
3Etc. multiple, and compound growth speed is very fast, control and improperly will be covered with whole joint, make the weld seam uneven chemical components, most of intermetallic compounds have the fragility the same with pottery, they have low extensibility and easy fracture below 600 ℃, intermetallic compound shows strong stress and concentrates tendency, can cause rapid brittle fracture.
(2) heat dissipation problem of titanium or titanium alloy.Thermal conductivity factor λ=the 15.24W/ (m.K) of titanium be 1/14 of aluminium approximately, and the thermal conductivity factor of the thermal conductivity ratio titanium of various titanium alloys descends 50% approximately, and industrial titanium alloy TC 4 thermal conductivity factor commonly used is 6.8W/ (m.K).When titanium or titanium alloy and aluminium and the welding of aluminium alloy dissimilar metal, titanium or titanium alloy side fusion area metal keeps liquid for a long time and can't solidify, make that the titanium or titanium alloy mother metal is excessive to be dissolved in the molten bath and to cause in the weld seam compound raised growth between brittle metal, and the compound that is generated is stratiform and is positioned at titanium or titanium alloy mother metal and fusion area at the interface, therefore the destruction of joint often betides herein, makes welding produce difficulty.
At present, at home aluminium and aluminium alloy and titanium or titanium alloy foreign material welding method being mainly contained diffusion is connected.It is under the synergy of temperature, pressure that diffusion connects, and the interface of connected two kinds of materials is closely contacted, or fills the gap by liquid phase, realizes the metallurgical a kind of method of attachment that connects in the atom diffusion by certain hour.The compound syndeton of dissimilar metals such as titanium or titanium alloy, aluminium and aluminium alloy this method commonly used is produced at present.For solving the problem of deoxidation film and compound growth, adopt the method for welding under the preceding striping of weldering, the vacuum environment usually, and adopt the method that adds intermediate barrier layers, the atom between restriction titanium or titanium alloy and aluminium and the aluminium alloy diffuses to form compound layer.Yet apparatus expensive, production cycle that diffusion connects are long.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to intersolubility and the drawback of intermetallic deposits yields and the heat dissipation problem of titanium in titanium or titanium alloy, aluminium and the aluminium alloy dissimilar metal welding process, and the existing shortcoming that spreads connection device costliness, production cycle length, and aluminium or titanium and corresponding diverse metal alloy AC tungsten inert gases welding electric arc micro-melting brazing procedure thereof have been proposed.
The inventive method step is as follows:
Step 1: the joint of titanium plate or titanium alloy sheet 1 is left 30 °～55 ° groove and the root face of 1～3mm, the lower surface of titanium plate or titanium alloy sheet 1 is fixed on the copper jig 3 that has recirculated cooling water device 2, and vibrating device 4 is installed on the top of titanium plate or titanium alloy sheet 1, afterwards titanium plate or titanium alloy sheet 1, copper jig 3 and vibrating device 4 are placed the air emptying and charge into the welding chamber 5 of inert gas;
Step 2: start recirculated cooling water device 2 and vibrating device 4, apply cooling and ultrasonic vibration or mechanical oscillation above on titanium plate or titanium alloy sheet 1, and weld, utilize AC tungsten inert gases welding electric arc micro-melting brazing procedure to apply certain thickness aluminium alloy at the groove place of titanium plate or titanium alloy sheet 1 heap, heap is split into the thick aluminium alloy layer of 1cm～5cm 6 with aluminium alloy after applying and finishing, and leaves 30 °～55 ° groove and the root face of 1～3mm;
Step 3: the aluminium sheet that another piece is to be welded or the joint of aluminium alloy plate 7 are left 30 °～55 ° groove and the root face of 1～3mm, also place welding chamber 5 afterwards, start recirculated cooling water device 2 and vibrating device 4, apply cooling and ultrasonic vibration or mechanical oscillation above on titanium plate or titanium alloy sheet 1, and weld, after finishing, the weldment welding in welding chamber 5, is cooled to room temperature.
The present invention guarantees the fusing of aluminium and aluminium alloy mother metal in welding process and the titanium or titanium alloy mother metal is molten or little molten, the jig that has recirculated cooling water in the utilization of titanium or titanium alloy side is forced cooling to it, fusion area liquid metal cooling velocity is accelerated, reduce compound generation between brittle metal, and adopt vibration head to make intermetallic compound being distributed between the alloy grain with superfine field trash form disperse, form the joint of function admirable through metallurgical reaction, and this method to have a device simple, the advantage that cost is low.Through preliminary test, obtained some very valuable results: filler wire is fully wetting on the titanium surface, strength of joint reaches 60% (experiment is the LF6 aluminium alloy with aluminium alloy, fracture strength 220MPa) of strength of parent, and fracture occurs in position, aluminum mother plate heat affected area.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that the present invention welds schematic diagram; Fig. 2 is aluminium alloy and titanium alloy dissimilar metal composite-joint heterogeneous microstructure figure; Fig. 3 is the partial enlarged drawing at E place among Fig. 2; Fig. 4 is that the present invention welds annular weldment figure; Fig. 5 is that the present invention welds plane weldment figure.
The specific embodiment
The specific embodiment one: in conjunction with Fig. 1 present embodiment is described, method step is as follows:
Step 1: the joint of titanium plate or titanium alloy sheet 1 is left 30 °～55 ° groove and the root face of 1～3mm, the lower surface of titanium plate or titanium alloy sheet 1 is fixed on the copper jig 3 that has recirculated cooling water device 2, and vibrating device 4 is installed on the top of titanium plate or titanium alloy sheet 1, afterwards titanium plate or titanium alloy sheet 1, copper jig 3 and vibrating device 4 are placed the air emptying and charge into the welding chamber 5 of inert gas;
Step 2: start recirculated cooling water device 2 and vibrating device 4, apply cooling and ultrasonic vibration or mechanical oscillation above on titanium plate or titanium alloy sheet 1, and weld, utilize AC tungsten inert gases welding electric arc micro-melting brazing procedure to apply certain thickness aluminium alloy at the groove place of titanium plate or titanium alloy sheet 1 heap, heap is split into the thick aluminium alloy layer of 1cm～5cm 6 with aluminium alloy after applying and finishing, and leaves 30 °～55 ° groove and the root face of 1～3mm;
Step 3: the aluminium sheet that another piece is to be welded or the joint of aluminium alloy plate 7 are left 30 °～55 ° groove and the root face of 1～3mm, also place welding chamber 5 afterwards, start recirculated cooling water device 2 and vibrating device 4, apply cooling and ultrasonic vibration or mechanical oscillation above on titanium plate or titanium alloy sheet 1, and weld, after finishing, the weldment welding in welding chamber 5, is cooled to room temperature.
The effect of inert gas is to prevent that weld metal generation oxidation reaction influences welding quality and produces intermetallic compound in welding; Adopt vibration head to make intermetallic compound being distributed between the alloy grain with superfine field trash form disperse.
The specific embodiment two: the difference of the present embodiment and the specific embodiment one is that vibrating device 4 is ultrasonic vibration installation or mechanical vibrator, and the frequency of ultrasonic vibration installation is in 18K～120K hertz, the amplitude scope at 10 μ m～1000 μ m; The frequency of mechanical vibrator 25～4000 hertz, amplitude 10 μ m～1mm scope; Other composition is identical with the specific embodiment one with connected mode.
Material TC4 titanium alloy and LF6 aluminium alloy, welding machine is a COMPA500P type tig arc welding machine, vibration head adopts YX-2805 ultrasonic welding system vibration head, and welding obtains the joint tensile strength 200MPa of titanium alloy and aluminium alloy, and fracture position is positioned at the heat affected area of LF6 aluminium alloy.Fig. 2 is aluminium alloy and titanium alloy dissimilar metal composite-joint heterogeneous microstructure figure, and we can see therefrom that intermetallic compounds layer is thinner, and are discontinuous, reach the requirement of good toughness like this.The present invention is applicable to the large-scale weldment of welding, cost an arm and a leg with existing diffusion welding method welding, and use this method welding welding effect can reach peer-level, and cost is low, and step is simple, convenient.
Claims (2)
1, aluminium or titanium and corresponding diverse metal alloy AC tungsten inert gases welding electric arc micro-melting brazing procedure thereof is characterized in that method step is as follows:
Step 1: the joint of titanium plate or titanium alloy sheet (1) is left 30 °～55 ° groove and the root face of 1～3mm, the lower surface of titanium plate or titanium alloy sheet (1) is fixed on the copper jig (3) that has recirculated cooling water device (2), and vibrating device (4) is installed on the top of titanium plate or titanium alloy sheet (1), afterwards titanium plate or titanium alloy sheet (1), copper jig (3) and vibrating device (4) are placed the air emptying and charge into the welding chamber (5) of inert gas;
Step 2: start recirculated cooling water device (2) and vibrating device (4), apply cooling and ultrasonic vibration or mechanical oscillation at titanium plate or the last side of titanium alloy sheet (1), and weld, utilize AC tungsten inert gases welding electric arc micro-melting brazing procedure to apply certain thickness aluminium alloy at the groove place of titanium plate or titanium alloy sheet (1) heap, heap is split into the aluminium alloy layer (6) of 1cm～5cm with aluminium alloy after applying and finishing, and leaves 30 °～55 ° groove and the root face of 1～3mm;
Step 3: the joint of aluminium sheet that another piece is to be welded or aluminium alloy plate (7) is left 30 °～55 ° groove and the root face of 1～3mm, also place welding chamber (5) afterwards, start recirculated cooling water device (2) and vibrating device (4), apply cooling and ultrasonic vibration or mechanical oscillation at titanium plate or the last side of titanium alloy sheet (1), and weld, after finishing, the weldment welding in welding chamber (5), is cooled to room temperature.
2, aluminium according to claim 1 or titanium and corresponding diverse metal alloy AC tungsten inert gases welding electric arc micro-melting brazing procedure thereof, it is characterized in that vibrating device (4) is ultrasonic vibration installation or mechanical vibrator, the frequency of ultrasonic vibration installation is in 18K～120K hertz, the amplitude scope at 10 μ m～1000 μ m; The frequency of mechanical vibrator 25～4000 hertz, amplitude 10 μ m～1mm scope.
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Cited By (1)
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| CN103143803A (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2013-06-12 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Arc welding-brazing method for pre-coating titanium alloy and aluminum alloy |
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| CN111390422B (en) * | 2020-04-15 | 2021-12-17 | 中国工程物理研究院机械制造工艺研究所 | Dissimilar metal composite assembly structure with large melting point difference and connection method |
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