CN100460138C - Integrated forging method of flange type step thin wall long sheath forging - Google Patents
Integrated forging method of flange type step thin wall long sheath forging Download PDFInfo
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- CN100460138C CN100460138C CNB2004100584998A CN200410058499A CN100460138C CN 100460138 C CN100460138 C CN 100460138C CN B2004100584998 A CNB2004100584998 A CN B2004100584998A CN 200410058499 A CN200410058499 A CN 200410058499A CN 100460138 C CN100460138 C CN 100460138C
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Abstract
Disclosed is a method for integral following- shape forging for flange-type step thin-walled long- casing forge product, which contains the following steps: step1, confirming the requirement of block and blanking according to the dimension of the part; step2, upsetting the block to the forging technique- required dimension; step3, punching a inner hole in the upset solid block, and pulling a mandrel in the inner hole to roll the block; step4, pulling a step in the block to form a bobbin; step5, upsetting the head of the block with a upsetting die; step6, drawing and shaping the bobbin to the required dimension. It improves the integral mechanical property of the flange-type step thin-walled long- casing forge product, and guarantees the mechanical property uniformly after heat treatment. And it avoids the defect of normal technique, makes the deformation uniform, and the external appearance neat.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of whole conformal forging method of locomotive hollow shaft forging, especially a kind of whole conformal forging method that is applicable to flange form step thin-wall long sheath forging.
Background technology
In the driving running part of diesel locomotive, electric locomotive; usually can be applied to hollow shaft; structure is the long cover of flange form step thin-wall; differ greatly with smallest cross-sectional in its maximum cross-section, mechanical property requirements is also than higher; structure shown in Figure 1, promptly a kind of known flange form step thin-wall long sheath forging is designated hereinafter simply as hollow shaft; general most employing split welding structure, axle body two parts split of promptly heavy in section axle head and small bore is forged and is welded then.The subject matter that adopts split welding structure of hollow axle to exist is:
1, the material of hollow shaft is selected problem: hollow shaft selects for use its mechanical property of 45 steel and heat treatment quenching degree more satisfactory by instructions for use, but its welding performance is relatively poor, so have to select 35 steel for use, has then reduced the intensity of this hollow shaft.
2, the welding structure makes its metallic fiber streamline discontinuous, makes its mechanical property lower.
3, welding structure axle head and axle body sectional dimension differs greatly, and the blank specification of selecting for use during forging and the hearth number of blank can unanimities, causes its chemical composition, mechanical property variant,
4, in the welding process of axle head and axle body the selection principle of welding rod by selecting with the mother metal equal strength, be difficult to accomplish and material equal strength such as mother metal, and equal strength also is the equal strength after the welding, whether still equal strength behind the heat-treatment of annealing, behind heat-treatment quenching+high tempering, because the difference of difference, welding rod material and the quality of parent material of axle head and axle body material, present heat treatment technics can not guarantee the mechanical property after their heat treatment and reach consistent.
5, can not reach 100% flaw detection after the welding and not have any defective.
Therefore, welded hollow shaft commonly used at present exists intensity low, the defective that mechanical property is not good.
Another kind of known processing method is to carry out solid forging, and it forges, and difficulty is quite big, and production efficiency is also very low, and forging quality also is difficult to guarantee.That is: the traditional forming process (scheme) of this method forging industry normally with flat anvil earlier with the full-size of blank jumping-up to forging, punching then, fullering with the core bar (number of comprising seal, split shoulder), mandrel cushioning pull out, shaping.Specifically the distortion Ministry of worker as shown in Figure 2, comprise: blanking-jumping-up-punching-mandrel is round as a ball-number seal (impression)-once press (splitting) shoulder-mandrel flat anvil pull out step-planar end surface-secondary number seal-secondary pressure shoulder-secondary pull out step once more planar end surface, number print, split shoulder, the mandrel cushioning pulls out until the size of pulling out the drawing requirement, shaping then.
For the long cover of flange form step thin-wall, its maximum cross-section and smallest cross-sectional differ bigger, when adopting above-mentioned known traditional forging method to make, have certain operation and distortion difficulty, need heating for multiple times repeatedly to forge and to realize, example promptly need time can be with the forging process for fuel moulding by six fire among the figure, and the deformation tendency of whole forming process is based on pulling; Each step split that its streamline obviously is cut off in the shoulder process, the also bad assurance of the wall thickness difference of the axiality of each step and sleeve, the deflection of each several part differs bigger; Tube portion inner surface is easy to generate oxidation leather packing hole and defective, the uneven crackle that is easy to generate of end face such as folding in the pulling process of tube portion, and the part that forges in this way not only production efficiency is very low, and disadvantage is also a lot, is difficult to meet design requirement.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is: provide a kind of with jumping-up tire and endoporus add the head of fuse jumping-up forged flange formula step thin-wall long sheath forging, with the whole conformal forging method of the tube portion of mandrel and type tire pulling flange form step thin-wall long sheath forging.
For this reason, the whole conformal forging method of flange form step thin-wall long sheath forging of the present invention may further comprise the steps: step 1, determine blank specification and blanking according to the size of required processing parts; Step 2 is with the size of blank jumping-up to the Forging Technology requirement; Step 3 towards endoporus, and penetrates the solid blank behind the jumping-up mandrel and carries out round as a ball to blank in this endoporus; Step 4 is pulled out step with the blank after round as a ball, forms tube portion; Step 5, by the jumping-up loose tool with the moulding of blank head jumping-up; Step 6, with the pulling of this forging tube portion, shaping to the size that requires.Wherein above-mentioned steps 1 is finished by first fire to step 3, and step 4 is finished by second fire to step 5, and step 6 is finished by the 3rd fire.
Further, the mandrel that penetrates in the endoporus described in the above-mentioned steps 3 is the long mandrel that diaxon all stretches out blank, by the setting of this long mandrel, can prevent that in upsetting process endoporus produces defectives such as contraction, deflection, pit, folding, crackle.
Step 5 also comprises puts into the jumping-up loose tool with the blank that pulls out behind the step, and puts into short mandrel in the endoporus of blank.The end that described short mandrel is positioned at the jumping-up loose tool is arranged on blank endoporus inside, and short mandrel is positioned at an end of jumping-up loose tool outside can be along the outside that extends the blank endoporus.
Step 6 comprises the type tire is arranged on blank tube portion, and this one is pulled out.
The endoporus of described blank is provided with a sizing mandrel, in tube portion pulling process, by this sizing mandrel, moulding endoporus.
Blank of the present invention can be the material that adopts electric furnace steel making and carry out vacuum outgas, and also requiring simultaneously should have enough deflections from the steel ingot to the strip plate.
The whole conformal forging method of a kind of flange form step thin-wall long sheath forging that the present invention proposes, overcome the defective that known technology exists, in forging process, taken all factors into consideration the deformation extent of forging, accomplish that distortion evenly, streamline is continuous, and outward appearance is clean and tidy, and the deformation tendency of whole forming process is that jumping-up, pulling combine, that is: the head flange section has been carried out the jumping-up moulding, tube portion has been carried out the pulling moulding.Its characteristics and advantage are:
1, the present invention is owing to be by the solid forging moulding, and therefore more known welding method has improved the whole mechanical property of flange form step thin-wall long sheath part greatly, also guarantees that the mechanical property integral body after this part heat treatment reaches consistent simultaneously.
2, the present invention has adopted the method that the jumping-up pulling combines, and puts into the jumping-up tire and adds the head of the method forging step cover of fuse jumping-up at endoporus by step being overlapped blank especially, and this is a quantum jump on FMT.
3, the present invention has changed the traditional forging method of the many steps covers of flange form, has solved that to adopt conventional method to forge the metal streamline that many steps axle exists discontinuous, and each step axle coaxiality error is big, and inner hole defect is many, the problem that sleeve ends easily cracks.
4, the present invention has simplified technology, has reduced the forging difficulty, has particularly reduced jumping-up and split the difficulty that shoulder pulls out step after full-size, adopts the pulling of bobbin-type tire not only to guarantee quality but also improved production efficiency simultaneously.
5, the present invention has improved forging quality, has dwindled the distortion difference of head and bar portion, makes it reach uniformity basically, and the allowance of inner hole outer circularity and the minimum of wall thickness forge condition also less than the requirement of JB.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the whole conformal forging of a kind of interior hollow shaft figure;
Fig. 2 is the forging deformation procedure chart of known flange form step thin-wall long sheath forging;
The forging deformation procedure chart of Fig. 3 flange form step thin-wall of the present invention long sheath forging.
The specific embodiment
The whole conformal forging method of a kind of flange form step thin-wall long sheath forging that the present invention proposes is to combine by jumping-up, pulling, just the forging head flanges has partly been carried out the jumping-up moulding, and tube portion has been carried out the pulling moulding.As shown in Figure 3, it specifically is out of shape work step and comprises: blanking-jumping-up-punching-mandrel is round as a ball-mandrel pull out step-with step overlap blank put into the jumping-up loose tool with short mandrel heading, loose tool fullering with the core bar, shaping until the size that reaches the drawing requirement.More particularly, the whole conformal forging method of flange form step thin-wall long sheath forging of the present invention may further comprise the steps at least:
Step 1 is determined blank specification and blanking according to the size of required processing parts;
Step 2, arrive the size that Forging Technology requires with the blank jumping-up:
Step 3 towards endoporus, and penetrates the solid blank behind the jumping-up mandrel and carries out round as a ball to blank in this endoporus;
Step 4 is pulled out step with the blank after round as a ball, forms tube portion;
Step 5, by the jumping-up loose tool with the moulding of blank head jumping-up;
Step 6, with the pulling of this forging, shaping to the size that requires.
Above-mentioned steps 1 is finished by first fire to step 3, and step 4 is finished by second fire to step 5, and step 6 is finished by the 3rd fire.
Wherein, the mandrel that penetrates in the described endoporus of step 3 is the long mandrel 1 that blank is all stretched out at two ends, produces defectives such as contraction, deflection, pit, folding, crackle to prevent in upsetting process endoporus.
Described step 4 is to pull out step by flat anvil, forms flange end and major axis sleeve part.
Step 5 further comprises puts into jumping-up loose tool 2 with the blank that pulls out behind the step, and puts into short mandrel 3 in the endoporus of blank, thereby in the moulding of blank head jumping-up, guarantees the axiality of head and tube portion endoporus and cylindrical.
Above-mentioned steps 6 needs sizing mandrel 4 is set in the blank endoporus, to guarantee making endoporus be formed into the size of regulation in this forging work step by the pulling of type tire the time.
The end that described short mandrel is positioned at the jumping-up loose tool is arranged on blank endoporus inside, and short mandrel is positioned at an end of jumping-up loose tool outside can be along the outside that extends the blank endoporus.
Above-mentioned steps 6 comprises the type tire is arranged on blank tube portion, and this one is pulled out, and has not only improved efficient but also guaranteed quality.
For hollow shaft is that flange form step thin-wall long sheath forging will begin control from raw material usually on the basis that guarantees the moulding requirement.In order to guarantee its mechanical property and flaw detection flawless and other defective, blank raw material of the present invention preferably adopt electric furnace steel making and carry out vacuum outgas, and also requiring simultaneously should have enough deflections from the steel ingot to the strip plate.
Adopt above-mentioned forging step of the present invention, really can reach its intended purposes, the whole conformal of having realized flange form step thin-wall long sheath part forges, the employing welding mode that has overcome the long cover of known flange form step axle head and thin-walled axle body is made the defective of existence, improved the mechanical property of product greatly, surperficial magnetic powder inspection flawless and other defect after the processing.Satisfy every requirement of product design, promoted technological and manufacturing level.And can make its allowance and forge the requirement of condition (surplus) less than JB.
Method of the present invention is for (be called for short: hollow shaft) manufacturing technology of the critical component hollow shaft of locomotive has been captured a difficulty, also lays a good foundation for similar FMT exploitation simultaneously to adopting flange form step thin-wall long sheath forging.
The above only is specific embodiments of the invention, and when not limiting scope of the invention process with this, i.e. equivalent variations and the modification of doing according to the present patent application claim and description generally all should still belong in the scope that patent of the present invention contains.
Claims (7)
1. the whole conformal forging method of a flange form step thin-wall long sheath forging may further comprise the steps:
Step 1 is determined blank specification and blanking according to the size of required processing parts;
Step 2 is with the size of blank jumping-up to the Forging Technology requirement;
Step 3 towards endoporus, and penetrates the solid blank behind the jumping-up mandrel and carries out round as a ball to blank in this endoporus;
Step 4 is pulled out step with the blank after round as a ball, forms tube portion;
Step 5, by the jumping-up loose tool with the moulding of blank head jumping-up;
Step 6, with the pulling of this forging tube portion, shaping to the size that requires;
Wherein, step 1 is finished by first fire to step 3, and step 4 is finished by second fire to step 5, and step 6 is finished by the 3rd fire.
2. the material of the method for claim 1, wherein described blank for adopting electric furnace steel making and carrying out vacuum outgas, also requiring simultaneously should have enough deflections from the steel ingot to the strip plate.
3. method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein, the mandrel that adds in the endoporus described in the step 3 is the long mandrel that blank is all stretched out at two ends.
4. method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein, step 5 comprises puts into the jumping-up loose tool with the blank that pulls out behind the step, and puts into short mandrel in the endoporus of blank.
5. method as claimed in claim 4, wherein, the end that described short mandrel is positioned at the jumping-up loose tool is arranged on blank endoporus inside, and short mandrel is positioned at an end of jumping-up loose tool outside along the outside that extends the blank endoporus.
6. method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein, step 6 comprises the type tire is arranged on blank tube portion, and this one is pulled out.
7. method as claimed in claim 6, wherein, the endoporus of described blank is provided with a sizing mandrel, in tube portion pulling process, by this sizing mandrel, moulding endoporus.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNB2004100584998A CN100460138C (en) | 2004-08-19 | 2004-08-19 | Integrated forging method of flange type step thin wall long sheath forging |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2004100584998A CN100460138C (en) | 2004-08-19 | 2004-08-19 | Integrated forging method of flange type step thin wall long sheath forging |
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| CN1736654A CN1736654A (en) | 2006-02-22 |
| CN100460138C true CN100460138C (en) | 2009-02-11 |
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| CN1736654A (en) | 2006-02-22 |
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