CN100451621C - High precision forward multiangle atmosphere scattering measuring method - Google Patents
High precision forward multiangle atmosphere scattering measuring method Download PDFInfo
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- CN100451621C CN100451621C CNB2005101228887A CN200510122888A CN100451621C CN 100451621 C CN100451621 C CN 100451621C CN B2005101228887 A CNB2005101228887 A CN B2005101228887A CN 200510122888 A CN200510122888 A CN 200510122888A CN 100451621 C CN100451621 C CN 100451621C
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a high-precision forward multi-angle atmosphere scattering measuring method which is characterized in that a pair of optical transmitting system/receiving system pair are arranged. When the optical transmitting system and the optical receiving system rotate correspondingly, a transmitting optical axis and a receiving optical axis intersect to the same position. Pulse light with certain frequency emitted from an infrared LED of the transmitting system reaches a particle group at the same position; the pulse light is scattered by the particle group and is received by a photoelectric diode detector of the optical receiving system. A signal of a photoelectric diode is connected to a switch phase sensitive detection circuit; a square wave oscillation signal with the same frequency is taken to control the conduction of the pulse signal of the infrared LED and the switch phase sensitive detection circuit so as to realize synchronization. The present invention solves problem that scattering measuring signals are influenced by the spurious signals of ambient light; the measuring accuracy of light-extinction coefficients is greatly enhanced.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to optical field, specifically is the method that a kind of multi-angle is measured atmospheric scattering.
Background technology
When light is propagated, be subjected to air molecule in atmosphere, the scattering of suspensions such as atmosphere medium cloud, mist, raindrop and flue dust grains and cause decay.Whether because scattering process makes a series of practical activities such as traffic above-ground, sea and aerial navigation, satellite reconaissance and remote sensing and astronomical sight all can run into such problem: it is clear with the object beyond human eye or the observation of use instrument certain distance to see through atmosphere, and can what be to the critical distance that object distinguishes from background, can degree of opinion problem.The measurement of atmospheric scattering is actual to be scattering extinction coefficient σ
sMeasurement.
The measuring method of existing atmospheric scattering roughly is divided into transmission beam method, laser back scattering method and forward scattering method.Transmission beam method is directly to measure the gas column transmissivity by the big gas column that light beam sees through between two point of fixity, calculates the scattering extinction coefficient with this.This method requires light beam by sufficiently long big gas column, and in this sufficiently long rayed zone without any the object that may produce reflection.This just makes that measuring system is bulky, the measuring condition harshness.In addition, the reception angle of divergence of receiving system is as much as possible little during measurement, also will go up at the forward direction (0 ° of direction) of light path a photo potential trap is installed, to reduce because forward scattering light enters the caused measuring error of receiving system as far as possible.At low visibility weather such as rain, mists, can cause than mistake because of complex conditions such as water vapor absorption again.
The utilization of laser back scattering method be the scattering extinction coefficient principle relevant with the particulate back scattering.Because the back scattering light intensity obviously is weaker than the forward scattering light intensity, so the bigger generating laser of required power is as light source.And this method is applicable to the atmospheric scattering of measuring the medium and long distance place, requires equally to exist without any reflection in the rayed zone.And the process that is finally inversed by the forward scattering extinction coefficient by backscatter signal is comparatively complicated, and real-time property is poor, the system cost height.
The forward scattering method is by measuring a little volume of air forward scattering of light to be obtained the scattering extinction coefficient.The back scattering measuring method of comparing, it is insensitive to the Size Distribution of scattering particle, and because the forward scattering signal intensity is big, has also improved the measurement signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) of detector.Its measuring system has advantages such as volume is little, and measurement is convenient.This method requires two detector performances identical, and in fact is that photoelectric sensor itself or detection circuit all can't reach the electrical specification that equates fully.In addition, four emitting/receivings all need high-precision location and aligning, and this makes the Design of Mechanical Structure complexity, also make troubles to installation simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
Fundamental purpose of the present invention is in order to obtain high precision, high reliability and can to measure the forward scattering extinction coefficient of different scattering angles, a kind of high precision forward multiangle atmosphere scattering measuring method being provided.
Can also make measuring accuracy not be subjected to the pollutant effects such as dust of optical element surface deposition by the present invention.
Another object of the present invention provides the measuring method that a kind of scattering coefficient of measuring according to different scattering angle is studied particle concentration and Size Distribution.
The present invention has also solved the constant luminous problem of system source, for real-time automatic measurement provides reliable conditions.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
High precision forward multiangle atmosphere scattering measuring method, it is right to it is characterized in that being provided with a pair of optical emitting system/receiving system, when optical emitting system and optical receiving system relatively rotate, its emission optical axis and the particle cluster of reception optical axis intersection to same position, the optical emitting system is provided with infrarede emitting diode, send the pulsed light of certain frequency by pulsed modulation controller control infrarede emitting diode, arrive the particle cluster of intersection through the beam-expanding collimation lens lighting of optical emitting system, pulsed light shines on the photodiode detector by the particle cluster scattering and through the plus lens of optical receiving system, by photodiode detector scattered light signal is transformed into corresponding electric signal, after the current/voltage amplifier amplifies, output to the input end of switch phase-sensitive detection circuit; During measurement, produce the square wave oscillation signal by crystal oscillator, the square wave oscillation signal obtains synchronizing pulse square wave oscillation signal through variable multiple frequency divider again, this pulse square wave oscillator signal offers the control end of pulsed modulation controller and switch phase-sensitive detection circuit respectively simultaneously, make when the rising edge of square wave oscillation signal arrives, pulsed modulation controller control infrarede emitting diode sends pulsed light, switch phase-sensitive detection circuit conducting simultaneously, the output electric signal of switch phase-sensitive detection circuit is through integral operation, and, be transformed into frequency signal machine processing as calculated through behind the voltage to frequency converter; When the negative edge of square wave oscillation signal arrived, pulsed light stopped, and the switch phase-sensitive detection circuit ends simultaneously, did not have electric signal output.
Described optical emitting system is installed in respectively on two supports of coaxial rotation with optical receiving system, when receiving tray rotates, its emission optical axis and reception optical axis homogeneous phase are sent to this same position, described infrarede emitting diode is the GaAlAs infrarede emitting diode, transmission frequency is 2.3KHz, the 850nm infrared light that light intensity is constant, described photodiode is the Si photodiode, its response wave band is 350nm-1100nm, the peak response wave band is 830nm-1000nm, and scattered light filters through the 780nm high-pass filter before arriving photodiode detector; The frequency of square wave oscillation signal is 2.3KHz.
In the optical emitting system, photodetector is set, measure the light intensity signal that infrarede emitting diode sends, be provided with by thermistor and cmos fet pipe on the infrarede emitting diode next door, measure the temperature variation on infrarede emitting diode next door, light intensity signal and temperature variation signal all are input to the pulsed modulation controller as feedback signal, realize the automatic calibration of pulsed light.
The invention solves the scatterometry signal and be subjected to the problem that influences of surround lighting spurious signal; Solved light source caused by temperature and aging influence can not constant luminous problem, for realizing that real-time automatic measuring provides reliable condition; Solved the influence problem of optical element surface pollutant to reliable measuring data.For the forward scattering signal analysis atmospheric particles concentration of utilizing multi-angle and the variation relation between Size Distribution and the scattering angle can provide reliable raw data.In addition,, can also under different wave length, carry out the scatterometry of atmospheric particles simultaneously, obtain the further research of particle size distribution by choosing the light source of different wave length respectively if use the system of the present invention of a plurality of same structures.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a system architecture synoptic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is an infrared light supply emission coefficient synoptic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is an angle of the present invention scattered light receiving system synoptic diagram.
Embodiment
Referring to accompanying drawing, number in the figure is defined as follows:
1, infrared light supply emission coefficient
2, angle scattered light receiving system
3, rotating shaft
4, the particle cluster of the sampler space
5, GaAlAs infrarede emitting diode
6, light beam collimation lens
7, photodetector
8, light intensity monitoring feedback signal
9, pulsed modulation controller
10, thermistor
11, the fill-in light electric explorer used of minute surface pollution monitoring
12, square wave oscillation signal
13, plus lens
14, Si photodiode detector
15, optical filter
16, synchronous frequency-selecting amplifier and switch phase-sensitive detection circuit
17, electric voltage/frequency converter
18, computing unit
19, the back scattering light source used of minute surface pollution monitoring
20, the frequency signal of Ce Lianging
High precision forward multiangle atmosphere scattering measuring method, a pair of optical emitting system 1/ receiving system 2 is set, optical emitting system 1 is installed in respectively on two supports of coaxial 3 rotations with optical receiving system 2, when receiving tray rotates, no matter rotate to which kind of angle, its emission optical axis and reception optical axis all intersect at the same particle cluster 4 on this, high-power GaAlAs infrarede emitting diode is installed in the lens barrel of optical emitting system, infrared light by high-power GaAlAs infrarede emitting diode 5 emission 850nm, light beam collimation lens 6 through emission coefficient 1 shines particle cluster 4, is shone on the Si photodiode detector 14 by particle cluster 4 scatterings and the plus lens 13 in optical receiving system 2 lens barrels.The model of this Si photodiode detector 14 is the PIN6DI of UDT company, and its response wave band is 350nm-1100nm, and the peak response wave band is 830nm-1000nm.780nm high-pass filter 15 is housed before detector 14, and the transmitance at the 850nm place reaches more than 80%.Detector 14 converts scattered light signal to corresponding electric signal, after the current/voltage amplifier amplifies, output to the input end of switch phase-sensitive detection circuit, the output terminal of switch phase-sensitive detection circuit also is connected with an integrating capacitor, be connected in series an electric voltage/frequency converter 17 again, electric voltage/frequency converter 17 output termination computing units 18.
During measurement, produce the square wave oscillation signal by crystal oscillator, the square wave oscillation signal obtains the square wave oscillation signal 12 that burst frequency is 2.3KHz through variable multiple frequency divider again, this pulse square wave oscillator signal 12 offers the control end of pulsed modulation controller 9 and switch phase-sensitive detection circuit respectively simultaneously, make when the rising edge of square wave oscillation signal 12 arrives, pulsed modulation controller 9 control infrarede emitting diodes 5 send the light modulated of 850nm, switch phase-sensitive detection circuit conducting simultaneously, the output electric signal of switch phase-sensitive detection circuit obtains integral voltage after taking a sample through integrating capacitor, with the pulse ac signal transition of modulation is direct current signal, the amplitude of this direct current signal is along with the power of scattered light signal changes and increase and decrease thereupon, and promptly the direct-flow signal voltage value is directly proportional with the scattered light intensity value.Obtain anti-interference frequency signal 20 preferably through voltage/frequency change-over circuit 17 again,, send into processor of single chip computer and carry out Inversion Calculation, draw the scattering extinction coefficient by the frequency counter tracer signal frequency values in the computing unit 18.Utilize an auxiliary back scattering light source 19 to monitor the pollution of lens surface in the receiving system 2, be used for the correcting measuring signal.
When the negative edge of square wave oscillation signal 12 arrived, pulsed light stopped, and the switch phase-sensitive detection circuit ends simultaneously, did not have electric signal output.
The light intensity signal of the infrarede emitting diode 5 that detects by photodetector 7 auxiliary in the emission coefficient is sent into the constant luminous of pulsed modulation controller 9 control light emitting diodes 5 as feedback signal 8; In conjunction with the thermal equilibrium circuit of forming by thermistor and cmos fet pipe 10, make to measure and avoid light source ages and temperature variant influence simultaneously, realized the automatic calibration of measuring; Monitor the pollution on light beam collimation lens 6 surfaces again by another fill-in light electric explorer 11.
Optical emitting system 1 is fixing, receiving system 23 rotations around the shaft, guarantee different angles receive optical axis all with the emission optical axis intersection in the space same intersection point place, what promptly measure is the light scattering signal of identical particle cluster to different angles.
It is that 2 optical device is installed in the lens barrel that optical emitting system 1 and optics receive.
Claims (3)
1, high precision forward multiangle atmosphere scattering measuring method, be characterised in that a pair of optical emitting system is set and optical receiving system right, when optical emitting system and optical receiving system relatively rotate, its emission optical axis and the particle cluster of reception optical axis intersection to same position, the optical emitting system is provided with infrarede emitting diode, send the pulsed light of certain frequency by pulsed modulation controller control infrarede emitting diode, arrive the particle cluster of intersection through the beam-expanding collimation lens lighting of optical emitting system, pulsed light shines on the photodiode detector by the particle cluster scattering and through the plus lens of optical receiving system, by photodiode detector scattered light signal is transformed into corresponding electric signal, after the current/voltage amplifier amplifies, output to the input end of switch phase-sensitive detection circuit; During measurement, produce the square wave oscillation signal by crystal oscillator, the square wave oscillation signal obtains synchronizing pulse square wave oscillation signal through variable multiple frequency divider again, this pulse square wave oscillator signal offers the control end of pulsed modulation controller and switch phase-sensitive detection circuit respectively simultaneously, make when the rising edge of square wave oscillation signal arrives, pulsed modulation controller control infrarede emitting diode sends pulsed light, switch phase-sensitive detection circuit conducting simultaneously, the output electric signal of switch phase-sensitive detection circuit is through integral operation, and, be transformed into frequency signal machine processing as calculated through behind the voltage to frequency converter; When the negative edge of square wave oscillation signal arrived, pulsed light stopped, and the switch phase-sensitive detection circuit ends simultaneously, did not have electric signal output.
2, method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described optical emitting system is installed in respectively on two supports of coaxial rotation with optical receiving system, when the support rotation of optical receiving system is installed, the reception optical axis homogeneous phase of the emission optical axis of optical emitting system and optical receiving system is sent to the same position of described two supports around the axle of rotation, described infrarede emitting diode is the GaAlAs infrarede emitting diode, GaAlAs infrarede emitting diode transmission frequency 2.3KHz, the 850nm infrared light that light intensity is constant, described photodiode is the Si photodiode, its response wave band is 350nm-1100nm, the peak response wave band is 830nm-1000nm, and scattered light filters through the 780nm high-pass filter before arriving photodiode detector; The frequency of square wave oscillation signal is 2.3KHz.
3, method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that in the optical emitting system, photodetector being set, measure the light intensity signal that infrarede emitting diode sends, on the infrarede emitting diode next door thermal equilibrium circuit of being made up of thermistor and cmos fet pipe is set, measure the temperature variation on infrarede emitting diode next door, light intensity signal and temperature variation signal all are input to the pulsed modulation controller as feedback signal, realize the automatic calibration of pulsed light.
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| CNB2005101228887A CN100451621C (en) | 2005-12-02 | 2005-12-02 | High precision forward multiangle atmosphere scattering measuring method |
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| CNB2005101228887A CN100451621C (en) | 2005-12-02 | 2005-12-02 | High precision forward multiangle atmosphere scattering measuring method |
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| CN100451621C true CN100451621C (en) | 2009-01-14 |
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| CN101109699B (en) * | 2007-07-28 | 2010-09-15 | 中国科学院安徽光学精密机械研究所 | Multiple shaft differential optical absorption spectrometry method and apparatus for detecting vertical distribution of atmospheric composition |
| EP2235501B1 (en) * | 2008-01-15 | 2018-05-23 | Malvern Panalytical Limited | Light scattering measurements using simultaneous detection |
| CN102331250B (en) * | 2011-06-17 | 2013-04-17 | 西安电子科技大学 | Infrared small target distance estimation method with no need of atmospheric extinction coefficient |
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| CN106294284A (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2017-01-04 | 河海大学 | Rainfall KPT Scatter computing accelerated method based on frequency angle two-dimensional mixing interpolation |
| CN109870394B (en) * | 2018-12-30 | 2023-10-10 | 江苏苏净集团有限公司 | Double-beam aerosol particle concentration detection device |
| CN111913149A (en) * | 2020-07-29 | 2020-11-10 | 中电装备山东电子有限公司 | Device for infrared awakening automatic detection of three-phase electric energy meter |
| CN113884417B (en) * | 2021-06-25 | 2023-10-27 | 张玉芝 | Comprehensive detection device for composite gas |
| CN113640222B (en) * | 2021-07-27 | 2024-06-07 | 南京理工大学 | Hand-held double-working-mode laser scattering type aerosol attenuation characteristic measuring instrument |
| CN114784655B (en) * | 2022-03-31 | 2022-11-22 | 苏州冠韵威电子技术有限公司 | Dual supply input type semiconductor device uses electric cabinet |
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| WO1994009356A1 (en) * | 1992-10-21 | 1994-04-28 | Qualimetrics, Inc. | Multiple angle and redundant visibility sensor |
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