CN2757122Y

CN2757122Y - Instrument using white light measuring visibility and atmospheric extinction coefficient

Info

Publication number: CN2757122Y
Application number: CN 200420012891
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王韬; 王光里
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2004-12-24
Filing date: 2004-12-24
Publication date: 2006-02-08
Anticipated expiration: 2014-12-24

Abstract

The utility model relates to a device which uses white light to measure visibility and atmospheric extinction coefficient, and the device comprises a collecting controller which is used for collecting and processing data and controlling temperature. The utility model is characterized in that the device also comprises a transmitting device, a receiving device and a rainfall detecting device, wherein the transmitting device is used for controlling and detecting the light intensity, the light wavelength and the light color of the white light LED, and the lens pollution of the transmitting device can be compensable. The receiving device is used for the dynamic detection of the separation signal and the random error, and the lens pollution of the receiving device can be compensable. The rainfall detecting device is used for analyzing and distinguishing weather phenomena which influence the variation of the visibility. The utility model uses the white light to measure the visibility and the atmospheric extinction coefficient, and accords with the theory definition of the visibility. The measurement result approaches the actual observation of human vision function, the measuring authenticity and the practicability of the device are enhanced, and the measuring stability and the measuring accuracy of the device are also enhanced.

Description

Utilize white light to measure the instrument of visibility and atmospheric extinction coefficient

Technical field:

The utility model belongs to the atmospheric physics fields of measurement, relates to a kind of instrument that utilizes white light to measure atmospheric extinction coefficient and meteorological optical range.

Background technology:

To the measurement of atmospheric extinction coefficient and visibility, just to the steam thing that suspends in the atmosphere, the absorption of particulate and the measurement of scattering properties.Because the diversity of weather phenomenon and the complicacy of the various composition shapes of particle, select for use different wavelength light beams measuring in the middle of them, transmission absorbs and scattering is different, World Meteorological Organization (WMO) is subjected to influence subjective and factor physics in order to break away from visibility, adopted basic meteorology amount, i.e. atmospheric transparency.Can measure objectively, and represent with meteorological optical range (MOR).Therefore to meet the new surveying instrument of MOR be necessary fully for detailed discussion and development.

At present, the measurement means that known transmittance meter adopted all can not complete description meteorological optical range (MOR) even can be produced very big measuring error, and for example infrared light is to the measurement of haze.In some particular weather, apparatus measures result often has deviation with the actual observation data, even measurement result is uncorrelated with objective reality, and a lot of reasons is arranged here, and wherein main reason is that measurement light source is selected improper causing.World Meteorological Organization's definition meteorological optical range (MOR) is " parallel beam of the incandescent lamp of colour temperature 2700K, luminous flux weakening is the 0.05 o'clock required air path length of passing through of its initial value ".In the middle of visibility measurement in the past, widely used light source has halogen lamp, xenon lamp, infraluminescence pipe LED.Halogen lamp and pulse xenon lamp have some to be difficult to overcome the deficiency.As: the light source works frequency is low, also is difficult to modulation, can increase the weight of the interference difficulty that receiver prevents parasitic lights such as external sunshine like this; Filament is aging fast; Mission life is short; The light source long-time stability are poor, and volume is not suitable for doing accurate light source greatly.Infraluminescence pipe LED shortcoming be wavelength greater than visible spectrum polychromatic light (380nm---760nm), greater than the diameter of some particulates, the extinction coefficient that therefore records causes the theoretical and actual good correlativity that do not have easily.The Related product major part is as transmitting illuminant, owing to come from for the consideration of human eye safe and sanitary seldom actual the use with laser in addition.In recent years, along with the white light LEDs based on nitride is succeeded in developing, new generation of green environment protection solid lighting source---nitride white light LED has become the focus that people pay close attention to.Though the report of white light LEDs being introduced visibility measurement is also arranged, because the technology imperfection does not also reach practical application.

Summary of the invention:

Technical problem to be solved in the utility model provides a kind of a kind of instrument that utilizes white light to measure visibility and atmospheric extinction coefficient, this apparatus measures more meets the theoretical definition of visibility, measurement result is near people's vision function actual observation, improve the authenticity and the practicality of apparatus measures, also improve the stability and the measuring accuracy of apparatus measures.

The technical solution of the utility model is: it comprises the acquisition controller that is used for data acquisition, processing and control temperature, it is characterized in that: also comprise be used for control detection white light LEDs light intensity, optical wavelength, photochromic coloured silk and its camera lens pollutes compensable emitter, the detection of dynamic that is used for separation signal and stochastic error also its camera lens pollute compensable receiving trap and be used for the precipitation pick-up unit that analysis and distinguishing influences the visibility variation weather phenomenon.

Emitter comprises signal generating circuit, white light LEDs control and testing circuit, light source, collimated light path, temperature control circuit and quantification compensation testing circuit, signal generating circuit produces square wave or pseudo random signal is given white light LEDs control and the testing circuit that is attached thereto, the satisfactory drive current that is treated as through control and testing circuit, drive and give the white light source that is attached thereto, the light that white light LEDs sends is sent by collimated light path; Wherein direct Be Controlled of sub-fraction light and testing circuit receive, and have formed negative feedback control and have played steady wavelength, the steady light intensity effect of keeping jointly with the temperature control close-loop feedback circuit of measuring the white light LEDs temperature; A part is quantized the reception of compensation testing circuit again because of the shut list surface pollution forms reflected light, finishes camera lens and pollutes the measurement that causes the visibility variation compensating factor.

Receiving trap comprises and converges light path, dynamic detection circuit, quantize the control circuit for light source of compensation, light source, detected light is by converging light path by dynamically testing circuit reception, separate timing and form the electric signal that is directly proportional with receiving light power through the homophase Integral Processing, and stochastic error is when detecting, detected light passes through dynamic detection circuit, separating timing is zero through differing integration, has only noise, stochastic errors such as drift are not subjected to phase limit can amass the formation error signal, light source is regularly luminous under the control circuit for light source effect that quantizes compensation, camera lens pollutes and causes reflected light again by dynamically testing circuit reception, compensates the measurement of the factor.

The precipitation pick-up unit is made up of humidity sensor, temperature sensor, single chip computer measurement control circuit and heater circuit, the single chip computer measurement control circuit is to two-way processing between detected precipitation value, atmospheric environment temperature value and the immediate data from acquisition controller, the weather phenomenon type of decision influence visibility.

Light source in the transmitter is centre wavelength 550nm, bandwidth 400nm-700nm, and colour temperature 2700K, its error satisfies the white light LEDs or the white light LEDs group light source of MOR technical requirement.

The utility model has adopted white light LEDs as light source, meets International Meteorological Organization to the MOR specifications of surveys.The luminous flux that the transmitter of transmittance meter sends is controlled in real time and is monitored, and makes emission luminous energy and wavelength keep highly stable.Receiver has been eliminated ground unrest, self-noise, and stochastic errors such as drift are also polluted camera lens simultaneously and are caused luminous flux attenuation can quantize compensation, and precipitation pick-up unit analysis and distinguishing influences the weather phenomenon type of visibility variation, has improved measuring accuracy.Choose white light LEDs for transilluminator and make light source, be that white light is by atmospheric scattering and the estimation that absorbs the average extinction coefficient that causes, can be correct measure influence to light absorption, so measurement result has nothing to do with atmospheric conditions kind such as mist, rain, snow, the dust that visibility reduces.The scattering table is chosen white light LEDs.As long as scattering angle is chosen between 30 degree-50 degree, mist, avenge, have the ratio of identical scattering and extinction coefficient.For the particulate that suspends in the atmosphere (for example haze, cigarette) owing to adopted white light, also has measurement result preferably, can be differentiated out and be quantized for the response of scatterometer before this weather phenomenon for sandstorm etc., this measured value can be corrected so.

Description of drawings:

Fig. 1 is a theory diagram of the present utility model;

Fig. 2 is the schematic block circuit diagram of emitter;

Fig. 3 is the schematic block circuit diagram of receiving trap;

Fig. 4 is the circuit theory diagrams of emitter;

Fig. 5 is the circuit theory diagrams of receiving trap;

Fig. 6 is the circuit theory diagrams of precipitation pick-up unit.

Embodiment:

With reference to Fig. 1, the utility model comprise the light intensity that is used for the control detection white light LEDs, optical wavelength, photochromic coloured silk emitter, be used for separation signal and stochastic error the detection of dynamic receiving trap, be used for the acquisition controller of data acquisition, processing and control temperature, also comprise being used for the precipitation pick-up unit that analysis and distinguishing influences the visibility variation weather phenomenon.

With reference to Fig. 2, emitter comprises signal generating circuit, white light LEDs control and testing circuit, light source, collimated light path, temperature control circuit and quantification compensation testing circuit, signal generating circuit produces square wave or pseudo random signal is given white light LEDs control and the testing circuit that is attached thereto, the satisfactory drive current that is treated as through control and testing circuit, drive and give the white light source that is attached thereto, the light that white light LEDs sends is sent by collimated light path; Wherein direct Be Controlled of sub-fraction light and testing circuit receive, and have formed negative feedback control and have played steady wavelength, the steady light intensity effect of keeping jointly with the temperature control close-loop feedback circuit of measuring the white light LEDs temperature; A part is quantized the reception of compensation testing circuit again because of the shut list surface pollution forms reflected light, finishes camera lens and pollutes the measurement that causes the visibility variation compensating factor.

With reference to Fig. 3, receiving trap comprises and converges light path, dynamic detection circuit, quantize the control circuit for light source of compensation, light source, detected light is by converging light path by dynamically testing circuit reception, separate timing and form the electric signal that is directly proportional with receiving light power through the homophase Integral Processing, and stochastic error is when detecting, detected light passes through dynamic detection circuit, separating timing is zero through differing integration, has only noise, stochastic errors such as drift are not subjected to phase limit can amass the formation error signal, light source is regularly luminous under the control circuit for light source effect that quantizes compensation, camera lens pollutes and causes reflected light again by dynamically testing circuit reception, compensates the measurement of the factor.

With reference to Fig. 4, signal generating circuit is made up of square-wave generator 20, phase-shift controller 21; Light source control and testing circuit are formed by interference filter 1, in the face of photoelectric tube 2, photoelectric commutator 3, amplifier 4, detuner 5, low-pass filter 6, data amplifier 7, reference source 8, comparer 9, modulator 10, the current driver 11 of camera lens; Light source is made up of white light LEDs or white light LEDs group 12; Collimated light path is made up of optical lens 36; Temperature control circuit is made up of temperature sensor 35, temperature detecting controller 36, semiconductor refrigerating well heater 37; Quantizing the compensation testing circuit is made up of interference filter 19, photoelectric tube 18, optoelectronic receiver 13, amplifier 14, detuner 15, low-pass filter 16, data amplifier 17.

White light LEDs 12 is by the output terminal of current driver 11 control luminous intensity and wavelength, in the face of the photoelectric tube 2 of luminotron is transformed into electric signal to light signal by interference filter 1 and optoelectronic receiver 3.The output signal of optoelectronic receiver 3 is exported to detuner 5 through the amplification of amplifier 4, carries out demodulation under the control of square-wave generator 21.Demodulate fluctuating signal by low-pass filter 6 filtering and data amplifier 7 be treated as direct current signal, data amplifier 7 output terminals are connected with comparer 9 end of oppisite phase, comparer 9 in-phase ends are connected with reference source 8, form reverse totalizer.Comparer 9 output direct current signals are given the input end of current driver 11, another input end of current driver 11 is controlled by the copped wave of modulator 10, remove to light white light LEDs 12 so the output of current driver 11 becomes the pulsed current signal that is inversely proportional to luminous intensity, make the luminotron emitted energy reach mobile equilibrium at last.The modulating frequency of modulator 10 is controlled by the output of square-wave generator 20, phase-shift controller 21 is given in the output of square-wave generator 20 simultaneously again, phase-shift controller 21 phase of output signal are to be subjected to monolithic system 40 controls, and the output terminal of phase-shift controller 21 is connected with the isochronous controller of receiver 31 input ends.

The desired temperature that temperature sensor 38 is given temperature detecting controller 36 and white light LEDs the temperature of detected white light LEDs compares processing, controls semiconductor 37 refrigeration or heating then.

In the face of the photoelectric tube 18 of camera lens is accepted the reflected light that the shut list surface pollution causes, by the light-to-current inversion of interference filter 1 with optoelectronic receiver 13, the output signal of optoelectronic receiver 13 is given amplifier 14, export to detuner 15 through the amplification of amplifier 14, detuner 15 is controlled by square-wave generator 20, the output of detuner 15 demodulates fluctuating signal and delivers to low-pass filter 16 processing, the direct current signal that is treated as through the filtering of low-pass filter 16 and data amplifier 17, signal is handled by the A/D of monolithic system 40, and camera lens pollutes compensation and obtains quantizing.

2,18 model is the PIN pipe in the foregoing circuit, and 3 and 13 model is OPA327, and 4 and 14 model is OP27,5 and 15 model is 4066,6 and 16 model is CBB, and 7 and 17 model is AD521, and 8 model is LM139,9 model is OP07,10 model is that 4011,11 model is MAX1916,12 model NSPW312BS, 20 model is that 4069,21 model is MXD1010.

With reference to Fig. 5, dynamic detection circuit is made up of interference filter 22, photoelectric tube 23, low noise photo amplifier 24, bandpass filter 25, AC amplifier 26, detuner 27, low-pass filter 28, variable gain amplifier 29, V/F transducer 30; Converging optical routing optical lens 41 forms; The control circuit for light source that quantizes compensation is made up of isochronous controller 31, driver 33, reference source 34, modulator 35; Light source is made up of white light LEDs 32.

Photoelectric tube 23 is transformed into electric signal to light signal by interference filter 22 and low noise photo amplifier 24.The output signal of low noise photo amplifier is further amplified through AC amplifier 26 again after active band-pass filter 25 filtering, exports to detuner 27, carries out demodulation under the control of detuner 27.The control signal of detuner 27 depends on a control end that is connected monolithic system 40 with isochronous controller with the measured signal phase relation, and measurement is sent in the monolithic system timesharing, and zero surveys orders such as pollution detection.Detuner 27 demodulates filtering and variable gain amplifier 29 data processing of fluctuating signal by low-pass filter 28 becomes direct current signal, convert frequency signal to through V/F transducer 30 then, the frequency signal of V/F transducer 30 is exported to the counter of monolithic system 40.The synchronizing signal of isochronous controller 31 is from the output terminal of the phase-shift controller 21 of transmitter, the phase place of isochronous controller 31 depends on monolithic system 40, another output terminal of isochronous controller 31 is connected with modulator 35, the level in the input reference source 34 of the copped wave Control Driver 33 of modulator 35 outputs, the output pulse current of driver 33 drives white light LEDs 32, the light-pulse generator that pollution detection is used as the receptacle camera lens.

23 are the PIN pipe in the foregoing circuit, and 24 model is OP327, and 25 model is OP27,26 model is OP27,27 model is that 4066,28 model is CBB, and 29 model is AD521,30 model is AD590,31 model is that 4011,32 model is NSPW312BS, and 33 model is 2DS687,34 model is LM139, and 35 model is 3DK2.

With reference to Fig. 6, the precipitation pick-up unit is made up of with heater circuit humidity sensor 42, temperature sensor 43, single chip computer measurement control circuit 44.44 pairs of detected precipitation values of single chip computer measurement control circuit, atmospheric environment temperature value and from can two-wayly handling the weather phenomenon type of decision influence visibility between the immediate data of acquisition controller 40.

42 model is HIH-3610 in the foregoing circuit, and 43 model is RT100 in the circuit, and 44 model is AT69C4051.

Claims

1, a kind of instrument that utilizes white light to measure visibility and atmospheric extinction coefficient, comprise the acquisition controller that is used for data acquisition, processing and control temperature, it is characterized in that: also comprise be used for control detection white light LEDs light intensity, optical wavelength, photochromic coloured silk and its camera lens pollutes compensable emitter, also its camera lens of being used for the detection of dynamic of separation signal and stochastic error pollutes compensable receiving trap and is used for the precipitation pick-up unit that analysis and distinguishing influences the visibility variation weather phenomenon.

2, the instrument that utilizes white light to measure visibility and atmospheric extinction coefficient according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: emitter comprises signal generating circuit, white light LEDs control and testing circuit, light source, collimated light path, temperature control circuit and quantification compensation testing circuit, signal generating circuit produces square wave or pseudo random signal is given white light LEDs control and the testing circuit that is attached thereto, the satisfactory drive current that is treated as through control and testing circuit, drive and give the white light source that is attached thereto, the light that white light LEDs sends is sent by collimated light path; Wherein direct Be Controlled of sub-fraction light and testing circuit receive, and have formed negative feedback control and have played steady wavelength, the steady light intensity effect of keeping jointly with the temperature control close-loop feedback circuit of measuring the white light LEDs temperature; A part is quantized the reception of compensation testing circuit again because of the shut list surface pollution forms reflected light, finishes camera lens and pollutes the measurement that causes the visibility variation compensating factor.

3, the instrument that utilizes white light to measure visibility and atmospheric extinction coefficient according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: receiving trap comprises and converges light path, dynamic detection circuit, quantize the control circuit for light source of compensation, light source, detected light is by converging light path by dynamically testing circuit reception, separate timing and form the electric signal that is directly proportional with receiving light power through the homophase Integral Processing, and stochastic error is when detecting, detected light passes through dynamic detection circuit, separating timing is zero through differing integration, has only noise, stochastic errors such as drift are not subjected to phase limit can amass the formation error signal, light source is regularly luminous under the control circuit for light source effect that quantizes compensation, camera lens pollutes and causes reflected light again by dynamically testing circuit reception, compensates the measurement of the factor.

4, the instrument that utilizes white light to measure visibility and atmospheric extinction coefficient according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: the precipitation pick-up unit is made up of humidity sensor, temperature sensor, single chip computer measurement control circuit and heater circuit, the single chip computer measurement control circuit is to two-way processing between detected precipitation value, atmospheric environment temperature value and the immediate data from acquisition controller, the weather phenomenon type of decision influence visibility.

5, the instrument that utilizes white light to measure visibility and atmospheric extinction coefficient according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: the precipitation pick-up unit is made up of humidity sensor, temperature sensor, single chip computer measurement control circuit and heater circuit, the single chip computer measurement control circuit is to two-way processing between detected precipitation value, atmospheric environment temperature value and the immediate data from acquisition controller, the weather phenomenon type of decision influence visibility.

6, the instrument that utilizes white light to measure visibility and atmospheric extinction coefficient according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: the light source in the transmitter is centre wavelength 550nm, bandwidth 400nm-700nm, colour temperature 2700K, its error satisfies the white light LEDs or the white light LEDs group light source of MOR technical requirement.