CN1004493B - 圆盘切割机 - Google Patents

圆盘切割机 Download PDF

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CN1004493B
CN1004493B CN85108645.4A CN85108645A CN1004493B CN 1004493 B CN1004493 B CN 1004493B CN 85108645 A CN85108645 A CN 85108645A CN 1004493 B CN1004493 B CN 1004493B
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cutterhead
knife rest
cutting machine
garden dish
bearing
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CN85108645A (zh
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翰斯·约奇姆·比特纳
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H Putsch GmbH and Co KG
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C13SUGAR INDUSTRY
    • C13BPRODUCTION OF SUCROSE; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
    • C13B5/00Reducing the size of material from which sugar is to be extracted
    • C13B5/06Slicing sugar beet
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26DCUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D1/00Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor
    • B26D1/01Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work
    • B26D1/12Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a cutting member moving about an axis
    • B26D1/25Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a cutting member moving about an axis with a non-circular cutting member
    • B26D1/26Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a cutting member moving about an axis with a non-circular cutting member moving about an axis substantially perpendicular to the line of cut
    • B26D1/28Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a cutting member moving about an axis with a non-circular cutting member moving about an axis substantially perpendicular to the line of cut and rotating continuously in one direction during cutting
    • B26D1/29Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a cutting member moving about an axis with a non-circular cutting member moving about an axis substantially perpendicular to the line of cut and rotating continuously in one direction during cutting with cutting member mounted in the plane of a rotating disc, e.g. for slicing beans
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T83/00Cutting
    • Y10T83/485Cutter with timed stroke relative to moving work
    • Y10T83/494Uniform periodic tool actuation
    • Y10T83/501With plural tools on a single tool support
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T83/00Cutting
    • Y10T83/869Means to drive or to guide tool
    • Y10T83/8789With simple revolving motion only
    • Y10T83/8791Tool mounted on radial face of rotor
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T83/00Cutting
    • Y10T83/929Tool or tool with support
    • Y10T83/9372Rotatable type

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
  • Threshing Machine Elements (AREA)
  • Apparatuses For Bulk Treatment Of Fruits And Vegetables And Apparatuses For Preparing Feeds (AREA)
  • Food-Manufacturing Devices (AREA)
  • Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
  • Nonmetal Cutting Devices (AREA)

Abstract

为了进步改进一种圆盘切割机,特别是功割甜菜的切割机(这种圆盘切割机有一机架、带有切料用通道的一刀盘和设置在通道内的刀架),以便在刀盘直径相同的情况下获得较高的切割量,把入架(18)安装在刀盘(12)的上平面(16)上,在径向延伸的刀架和均匀相隔的倾斜肋(14)附近形成刀盘。

Description

圆盘切割机
本发明涉及一种圆盘切割机,特别是用于切甜菜的圆盘切割机,它包括:一机架;一刀盘,该刀盘具有一平的上面和最好是纵向的用于切割产品均匀分布的通道;设置在该通道附近的沿径向延伸的刀架和用于圆盘切割机的轴承和驱动机构。
在已知型式的圆盘切割机中,刀盘通常由一钢盘构成,钢盘上切削掉矩形部分以形成切割产品通道。通道中嵌入带有切割用刀片的刀架。
因为切割量取决于刀片也就是刀架的数目,所以人们尽力在刀盘内安装尽可能多的刀架。此外,人们还力图使刀盘的刚性尽可能地强,因为一方面必须靠刀盘承受未加工的甜菜产生的相当大的轴向压力,另一方面还必须承受切割加工在圆周方向产生的相当大的扭矩。
但是,从结构的观点来看,要求刀盘具有尽可能强的刚性与安装尽可能多的刀架是矛盾的。对于一预定直径的刀盘,增加刀架的数目会使刀盘在刀架之间的剩余部分的宽度减小,从而必然使刚性减弱。从这个意义上讲,由于结构的需要,刀架数目的确定受到刀盘预定直径的严格限制,而且由于技术上的原因,不能减小刀架的宽度。
本发明的一个目的是改进上述类型的园盘切割机,以使机器在刀盘直径相同的条件下可以获得较高的切割量。
根据本发明,此目的是这样实现的:刀架装在刀盘的上面,刀盘在径向均匀相隔的倾斜肋的刀架附近形成。
根据本发明的特征,产生了一个全新的思想。一方面,刀架第一次安装在刀盘的上面,而不再嵌入其中。因此,刀架的位置可以相距非常近,以便本发明的刀盘可以装有比相同直径的传统刀盘更多的刀架,从而增加切割量。另一方面,在这一新的构思中,用刀架下面的窄的倾斜的肋代替了以前的刀盘中的近乎方形的过桥。这些肋的高度可以适当地根据满足强度要求的条件加工,而不会显著增加刀盘的重量。这样,只消耗比较少的材料就可获得强的抗弯刚度。此外,根据本发明的构思,由于肋的倾斜,还可获得另外两条优点。在切割过程中,材料不会以已知的方式经过通道沿刀盘的轴向落下,而从刀架到刀盘平面的一锐角输出。由于倾斜,肋沿大致与料输出角平行的方向延伸,因而形成不受阻碍的产品出口,而且对产品没有什么损伤。由于肋的倾斜,还使刀盘在圆周方向有强的刚性,因此刀盘可承受切割过程中偶有的不可避免的相当大的扭矩,而不会产生明显的变形。
这样,由于增加了刀架的数目,根据本发明构成的圆盘切割机具有高于普通结构的已知圆盘切割机的切割量。与普通类型的刀盘相比,本发明的刀盘还具有相当高的稳定性,特别是在轴向。
根据本发明的进一步的有益的改进,肋的高度沿着朝向刀盘轴线的方向增加。这样,可以构成最适当的肋,以便使其刚性与弯矩模式相符。
在本发明的圆盘切割机的优选实施例中,刀盘的倾斜肋朝向刀盘轴线的内端连接到一毂环上,该倾斜肋的外端连接到一圆周环上。这种结构代表一种最佳技术解决方案。
在本说明书里描述的圆盘切割机中,在加工原始甜菜时,需要所谓的“薄片(Snavings)”切料进行尽可能精细的加工,即不损伤这些切料。根据一优选的实施例,为此原因,肋的倾斜角度大致相当于切割产品从刀架输出的出口角度。优选的角度约45°。
如说明书中所述,本发明的构思的基本特征是刀架设置在刀盘的上面。为了把刀架固定在刀盘上最佳切割作业所需要的位置,可在刀盘的上面设置一个对中舌,该对中舌嵌入刀架上的对中凹口。该对中舌和对中凹口的形状可以是任意的。只需要具有径向对中和周向对中的作用。
在已知类型的即刀架装在通道内的圆盘切割机中,为了保护刀盘,特别是刀盘上面刀架之间的刀盘部分,必须设置通常所说的磨耗件。
这些磨耗件必须定期更换,在已知的圆盘切割机中,为此更换目的,需要拆卸整部机器。根据本发明的进一步的有益的改进,至少刀架的上面是梯形的,而且刀架的位置彼此靠近,刀架完全覆盖了切割产品通道内的刀盘。这样就可把磨耗件装在刀架本身上。这就能够在短时间内亦即在每次更换刀架时维修磨耗件,从而只在相当长的时间以后才需要过去那种花费大的必须拆卸机器的刀盘的撤换。
本发明的这种刀盘的刀架之间和刀架的径向外部和内部都装有磨耗件。因为本发明的刀架不再装在刀盘内,而是装在其上,所以可使位于外圆周的磨耗件比以前更窄。试验表明,窄的结构可使这些磨耗件处的不可避免的摩擦大大减小,这对于驱动功率是有积极作用的。由于位于径向外部的磨耗件的窄结构,形成了一个后沿,减小了碎甜菜废料〔通常所说的菜泥(mash)〕粘着的可能。因而使摩擦减小。
梯形结构刀架的另一优点是它更为稳定,这一优点在使用挤压铝合金的情况下特别明显。
已知类型的圆盘切割机从前有用于支承刀盘的轴承轴颈,它位于刀盘的中间的鼓形轴承中。由于杠杆臂系数不合适,在这种结构中,轴承受到相当大的力,因此必须加大轴承的尺寸,因而花费大。
根据本发明的切割机的进一步的有益的改进,轴承装在毂环附近。这样,轴承第一次从切刀盘的中间移到直接承受切割力的位置。因此,即使采用小尺寸的轴承也可获得刚性特别强的支承。
由于轴承离开了刀盘的中央,所以可以得到横跨刀盘的用于驱动机构的空间,因而减小了结构的高度。
本发明的在毂环附近的轴承可用各种途径构成。但是,如果把该轴承制成向心推力轴承是有益的。
为了进一步减小结构高度,根据本发明的进一步的有益改进,驱动机构至少能够部分地向毂环的中央移动。
在本发明的一优选实施例中,驱动机构的出口与一驱动轮相连,驱动轮联接在毂环的下面。采用这种结构,不仅在技术上对驱动力的传动装置有利,而且轴承装置从下面完全被遮盖。这样,驱动轮也具有保护轴承的密封板作用,由于大量废料的缘故,这种保护作用对于切割甜菜的圆盘切割机是特别有益的。
为了能够精确地调整刀架的磨耗件和机架的磨耗件之间的间隙,把刀盘刀与轴承和驱动机构安装在一起,以便刀盘在机架中轴向可调是有益的。
下文中,为了进一步阐明和更好的理解,结合附图更详细地描述本发明的圆盘切割机的一实施例。
图1以一幅垂直半剖视图大略地表示本发明的一圆盘切割机。
图2表示沿图1中的Ⅱ-Ⅱ平面的剖视图。
图3表示沿图2中的Ⅲ-Ⅲ平面的剖视图。
如图1中所示,圆盘切割机包括机架1,机架1下面的开口与收集斗2相连。机架1以已知方式装有用于输入切割料的供料管道3。机架1的中央有一轴向垂直设置的轴承套筒4,套筒4的筒内装有用于垂直移动的一管式传动箱5,管式传动箱5的上端有一法兰6,法兰6上面装有驱动电机7。驱动机7与安装在传动箱5中的变速器8相连。驱动电机7和变速器8构成圆盘切割机的驱动机构9。
传动箱5的下端与一环形轴承托板10相连,该托板10的周边支承向心推力轴承。刀盘12靠这种向心推力轴承安装在环形轴承托板10上旋转。在这一连接机构中,刀盘的旋转轴A与驱动机构9的轴线重合。
刀盘12大致由一装有向心推力轴承的毂环13构成,毂环13外侧连结有大致径向延伸的肋14,肋14大约倾斜45°。从毂环13向外的肋14的外端各自连接到与毂环13同轴的圆周环15,圆周环15形成刀盘12的径向外缘。倾斜的肋14具有大致为L形的结构,如图3所示。
毂环13从刀盘12的轴线A向外的外表面与圆周环15的内表面以及肋14的相对的侧表面一起构成切料的通道17。毂环13、肋14和圆周环15的上面在同一平面内,因而形成一个上平面16。在上平面16上可装设密集的刀架18,如图2中所示。肋14的L形结构使安装刀架18的表面比较大。刀架18的结构大致为梯形,以便它们完全遮盖刀盘12的上平面16。
除梯形结构之外,刀架18全部以传统方式构成,特别是刀片19的固定。
在刀盘12的上平面16上,毂环13和圆周环15中有嵌入刀架18中的相应的对中凹口的对中凸块20和20′。这种特殊结构的对中凸块和对中凹口的详细情况参见德国专利申请P3443056.3。
如图2和3所示,刀片19之间的刀架18的上面被磨耗件21遮盖。这些磨耗件21的径向内外端加有脊状磨耗件22,如图1和2所示。磨耗件23借助磨耗件22固定在供料管道3的下端。
如图1所示,肋14的高度从毂环13到圆周环15下降。这样,可以根据弯矩的分布相对于强度构成肋14的最佳形状。
如图1所示,驱动盘24固定在毂环13的下面。驱动盘24的中央与驱动机构9相连结。通过驱动盘24,扭矩从驱动装置9输送到刀盘12,并从下面防止了外部影响,很好地保护了轴承11。为了从上面保护轴承,把盖环25连接到毂环13上,遮盖轴承托板10。盖环25面向轴A的端部有一密封件26,该密封件紧贴轴承套筒4的外侧,从而密封轴承11,防止外部影响。
为了调节刀架18的磨耗件22和供料管道3的磨耗件23之间的间隙,只需要垂直移动轴承套筒4中的传动箱5。为使附图清楚,在图1中没有表示所需的该调节装置。

Claims (9)

1、园盘切割机,特别是切割甜菜的园盘切割机,包括:一机架、一具有一上平面并具有用于切割产品的最好纵向延伸的均匀分布的通道的刀盘,用于切割产品的径向设置在通道内的刀架和用于刀盘的轴承和驱动机构,本发明的特征在于:刀架(18)安装在刀盘(12)的上平面(16)上,刀盘由径向延伸并在刀架附近均匀相隔的倾斜肋(14)构成,肋(14)的高度朝着刀盘轴线(A)增加,倾斜的肋(14)面向刀盘轴线(A)的内端与毂环(13)相连,外端与刀盘(12)的圆周环(15)相连。
2、根据权利要求1的园盘切割机,其特征在于:肋(14)的倾斜角度大约相当于切料从刀架(18)输出的角度。
3、根据权利要求1的园盘切割机,其特征在于:对中凸块(20、20′)设置在刀盘(12)的上平面(16)上,并嵌入刀架(18)上的对中凹口内。
4、根据权利要求1的园盘切割机,其特征在于:刀架(18)至少在其上面是梯形的,并且相互靠近,以至于它们完全遮盖了切料通道(17)中的刀盘(12)的上表面(16)。
5、根据权利要求6的园盘切割机,其特征在于:磨耗件(21)固定在刀架(18)的上表面上。
6、根据权利要求1和3的园盘切割机,其特征在于:轴承(11)设置在毂环(13)内。
7、根据权利要求6的园盘切割机,其特征在于:驱动机构(9)至少部分地设置在毂环(13)内。
8、根据权利要求7的园盘切割机,其特征在于:驱动机构(9)的输出端与驱动盘(24)相连,驱动盘(24)连结在毂环(13)的下面。
9、根据权利要求6至7的园盘切割机,其特征在于:刀盘(12)与轴承(11)以及驱动机构(9)一起以可使刀盘轴向移动的方式安装在机架(1)中。
CN85108645.4A 1984-11-26 1985-11-23 圆盘切割机 Expired CN1004493B (zh)

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DEP3443032.6 1984-11-26
DE3443032A DE3443032C1 (de) 1984-11-26 1984-11-26 Schneidscheibenmaschine,insbesondere zum Schneiden von Zuckerrueben

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CN85108645A CN85108645A (zh) 1986-05-10
CN1004493B true CN1004493B (zh) 1989-06-14

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JP (1) JPS61132199A (zh)
CN (1) CN1004493B (zh)
BE (1) BE903707A (zh)
DE (1) DE3443032C1 (zh)
DK (1) DK154194C (zh)
ES (1) ES8701526A1 (zh)
FR (1) FR2573693A1 (zh)
GB (1) GB2167287B (zh)
IT (1) IT1186046B (zh)
NL (1) NL8503190A (zh)
YU (1) YU183785A (zh)

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DE4243060C2 (de) * 1992-12-18 1994-09-15 Ferag Ag Einrichtung zum Beschneiden von flächigen Erzeugnissen, insbesondere mehrblättrigen Druckerzeugnissen
US5992284A (en) * 1997-11-17 1999-11-30 Urschel Laboratories Incorporated Knife and cutting wheel for a food product slicing apparatus
AU772933B2 (en) * 1997-11-17 2004-05-13 Urschel Laboratories, Inc. Knife for a food product slicing apparatus
US6745964B2 (en) 1999-02-11 2004-06-08 Bucher-Guyer Ag Apparatus for comminuting organic substances
RU2248735C2 (ru) 1999-02-11 2005-03-27 Бухер-Гиер Аг Устройство для измельчения органических субстанций
US6973862B2 (en) * 2002-02-04 2005-12-13 Urschel Laboratories, Inc. Method and apparatus for delivering product to a cutting device
US6848638B2 (en) * 2002-10-09 2005-02-01 Paul S. Yin Apparatus and methods for cutting fibrous food products
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US8707854B2 (en) * 2009-05-08 2014-04-29 Yamaha Motor Hydraulic System Kabushiki Kaisha Hydraulic cylinder device and boat propelling apparatus including the same
US9517572B2 (en) * 2011-12-27 2016-12-13 Urschel Laboratories, Inc. Apparatuses for cutting food products
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES8701526A1 (es) 1986-12-01
GB8526957D0 (en) 1985-12-04
IT1186046B (it) 1987-11-18
DE3443032C1 (de) 1986-04-30
DK154194C (da) 1989-04-03
YU183785A (en) 1988-08-31
DK546285D0 (da) 1985-11-26
NL8503190A (nl) 1986-06-16
DK546285A (da) 1986-05-27
DK154194B (da) 1988-10-24
FR2573693A1 (fr) 1986-05-30
ES548896A0 (es) 1986-12-01
BE903707A (fr) 1986-03-14
GB2167287B (en) 1988-06-02
JPS61132199A (ja) 1986-06-19
GB2167287A (en) 1986-05-29
IT8522780A0 (it) 1985-11-11
US4683790A (en) 1987-08-04
CN85108645A (zh) 1986-05-10

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