CN100445348C - Low temperature distillation method and device for high volatile component weak viscosity coal - Google Patents
Low temperature distillation method and device for high volatile component weak viscosity coal Download PDFInfo
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- CN100445348C CN100445348C CNB200610012400XA CN200610012400A CN100445348C CN 100445348 C CN100445348 C CN 100445348C CN B200610012400X A CNB200610012400X A CN B200610012400XA CN 200610012400 A CN200610012400 A CN 200610012400A CN 100445348 C CN100445348 C CN 100445348C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a low temperature dry distillation method for high volatile component fine particle viscosity coal, which adopts a standpipe which is composed of an inner, a middle and an outer concentric bushings to move outer heat retort furnaces at both sides so as to generate semi coke, coal gas and tar oil. The required heat of dry distillation is supplied by the opposite direction heat conduction of fine particle coal charge in the inner thin layer of an annular space of the middle bushing when high temperature fume generated by the outer separate type combustion furnaces respectively entering the inner and the outer bushings in an up-flowing procedure simultaneously. The stirring and downward moving process of the fine particle coal charge in the annular space of the middle bushing is respectively provided with two stages, wherein water vapor and dry distillation volatilized products are respectively led out from an upper segment water vapor outlet and a lower segment dry distillation gas outlet of the dry distillation furnace, and the semi coke can fall into a rotary disc type discharging device on the bottom of the dry distillation furnace and be continuously discharged from a coke discharging opening. The present invention has the advantages of high heat-transfer efficiency, high tar oil yield, uniform temperature, simple adjustment, reasonable and compact structure and continuous and stable operation.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to a kind of low-temperature cracking process, relate in particular to a kind of low-temperature cracking process and device of the particulate weakly caking coal to high volatile (volatile matter is greater than 35%).
Background technology
Adopt the destructive distillation means to produce the history that tar, high heating value gas and semicoke have year surplus in the of 100 from high volatile coal, when handling adhesive coal charge, the externally heated retort oven of industrial normal selection different structure (the static or rotation commentaries on classics of body of heater) carries out especially.In China, at weak cohesiveness lump coal (particle diameter 25mm～Coking and Gas technology 100mm), Anshan coking refractory materials design and research institute also carried out external-heat " vertical retort continuously " the eighties specialized designs, realize the continuous operation of coal supply, destructive distillation and coke discharging, obtained industrialized important achievement.But in actual coal mining process, (particle diameter 25mm～100mm) output is very limited to carry out pyrogenous lump coal can to supply " vertical retort continuously ", what produce in a large number but is the particulate coal charge, bonding mutually can take place in these particulate coal charges in above-mentioned continuous vertical retort, cause furnace gas channel, furnace charge obstruction and out of service.Produce the purpose of important Chemicals such as semicoke, high heating value gas and high-value product tar with realization for particulate (particle diameter is less than the 13mm) weakly caking coal that makes full use of these high volatiles (volatile matter is greater than 35%), adopt pyrogenation and carbonization, reasonable furnace be provided, through scientific method such as the effectively antiseized main contents of this patent just, this is to promoting Bed for Fine Coal destructive distillation modern technique, promoting that coal resources make full use of values, the development local economy all has important demonstration and radiation meaning with the pollution that controls environment.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention provides that a kind of (weakly caking coal of particle diameter: 1mm～13mm) adopts low-temperature pyrolysis to produce the method and the device of semicoke, coal gas and tar to high volatile (volatile matter is greater than 35%) particulate.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this: standpipe move outside the both sides hot destructive distillation body of heater by interior, in, outer three concentric tubes form, in the inner sleeve, all feed the elevated temperature heat flue gas between middle sleeve and the outer tube, interior, between two sleeve pipes annular space insert and treat the destructive distillation coal charge.At first, (the weakly caking coal material of particle diameter: 1mm～13mm) falls into annular space in the standpipe mobile dry furnace, between the middle sleeve from the top coal bunker to the high volatile of drying (volatile matter is greater than 35%) particulate, these particulate coal charges annular space continuously slowly will be constantly in the folding process in the inner sleeve, the high-temperature flue gas indirect heating generation pyrogenation and carbonization that flows through between middle sleeve and the outer tube, separate out coal gas, tar steam and change semicoke into simultaneously, then the semicoke particle is discharged from the middle sleeve bottom of destructive distillation body of heater; Coal gas that retort process is separated out and tar steam then therefrom the suitable position of sleeve pipe outer circular edge pass outer tube and discharge, isolate dry distillation gas and tar through condensate recovery system; Can return the inside and outside sleeve pipe of native system after wherein the part dry distillation gas burns for coal charge destructive distillation institute heat requirement, it is multiple Chemicals that condensed tar can be used as stock oil, oil fuel or further deep processing.
Method of the present invention comprises the steps
(1) original coal charge draws the particulate coal charge that particle size range is 1mm～13mm through screening, its water-content should be less than 10%, then be transmitted and send into standpipe and move outside the both sides hot gas retort top 2-4 coal bunker side by side, entering standpipe by coal bunker continuously in the gravity flowage mode moves hot gas retort middle sleeve upper end outside the both sides and moves down in the annular space between interior, middle sleeve, coal charge was residing time in furnace 30 minutes～70 minutes, and pyrolysis temperature is 500 ℃～750 ℃.
(2) annular space that moves in the hot gas retort outside the both sides, between the middle sleeve of standpipe is provided with the back taper baffle plate from top to bottom, and inner sleeve gyrates under the motor of body of heater outer setting and gear driven, facilitate the particulate coal charge along back taper baffle plate inboard and inner sleeve wall turning direction be to stir and move down, after forming semicoke, outside standpipe moves both sides, discharge continuously at the bottom of the hot gas retort;
(3) high-temperature flue gas of gas-fired generation feeds from inner sleeve bottom and outer tube bottom side respectively, in inner sleeve, upper reaches simultaneously between middle sleeve and the outer tube, the hot flue gas after the cooling enter chimney together from converging after flow out inner sleeve top and outer tube top side respectively;
(4) the particulate coal charge water vapor that moves down in the process in the annular space between interior, middle sleeve to be produced and destructive distillation gas are derived and are passed the overcoat tube wall from the destructive distillation gas outlet of the steam outlet of upper end and lower end respectively and enters condensate recovery system;
(5) semicoke outside standpipe moves both sides at the bottom of the hot gas retort in, middle sleeve bottom annular space discharges to falling into discharge gate.
In order to realize foregoing invention, design special-purpose standpipe and moved hot gas retort outside the both sides, it is by inner sleeve, middle sleeve, three concentric tubes of outer tube are formed, the inner sleeve top is the highest, it then is the middle sleeve top, the outer tube top is minimum, the inner sleeve top is provided with exhanst gas outlet, outer sleeve upper is provided with exhanst gas outlet, the middle sleeve upper end is provided with coal inlet, steam outlet is positioned at the middle sleeve upper end and passes the wall of outer tube, the outlet of destructive distillation gas is positioned at the middle sleeve lower end and passes the wall of outer tube, the inner sleeve bottom is a gas approach, and the rotating disk removal device is connected with the inner sleeve lower end and is positioned at outer tube, and the rotating disk removal device rotates with inner sleeve, horizontal valve block is connected on the motionless outer tube and is positioned at the top of rotating disk removal device, there is the coke discharging mouth outer tube bottom, is provided with the back taper baffle plate between inner sleeve and the middle sleeve, and the outer tube lower end is provided with gas approach.
1) flue gas conducts heat: coal gas burns in the external split type roasting kiln and is converted into high-temperature flue gas, enter between inner sleeve center and outer tube and the middle sleeve from inner sleeve bottom and outer tube bottom side smoke inlet respectively, make the particulate coal charge generation pyrogenation and carbonization that wherein moves down through the upper end drying and dehydrating; Then high-temperature flue gas continues uphill process and constantly reduces temperature, and drying and dehydrating is taking place the coal charge that the gas retort top is entered, and last low-temperature waste heat flue gas enters chimney together from converging after inner sleeve top and outer sleeve upper flow out respectively.
2) coal charge destructive distillation: (particle diameter: 1mm～13mm) the weakly caking coal material is provided with the annular space between coal inlet inflow middle sleeve and the inner sleeve to the high volatile of drying (volatile matter is greater than 35%) particulate from gas retort middle sleeve middle sleeve upper end, these particulate coal charges are continuous stirring along multilayer back taper baffle plate and inner sleeve wall turning direction and move down in the thin layer annular space under action of gravity, simultaneously separated out drying and dehydrating and destructive distillation volatility product by both sides high-temperature flue gas indirect heating, generate semicoke and fall into the rotating disc type removal device, discharge from the coke discharging mouth at last from the destructive distillation bottom of furnace body.
The present invention has following advantage:
(1) the particulate coal charge is heated evenly.Place in the gas retort, the thin layer particulate coal charge of annular space will be subjected to the heat transfer of both sides high-temperature flue gas simultaneously between middle sleeve, again not stall of inner sleeve action with under form the displacement and the stirring of particulate coal charge, thereby guaranteed being heated evenly of thin layer particulate coal charge.
(2) prevent bonding in the particulate coal charge stove.The multicell of cohesive fines coal charge was isolated a little less than the multilayer back taper baffle plate that is provided with in the gas retort middle sleeve caused, and the moving particulate coal charge that makes of the not stall of inner sleeve stirs coal grain surface continual renovation in the folding process, so prevented bonding in the particulate coal charge stove.
(3) heat transfer efficiency height.Adopt that the thin layer annular space is sandwich heating, multilayer back taper baffle plate is set in the middle sleeve increases in heat conduction, the inner sleeve bottom and a series of enhancement of heat transfer means of center radiation pipe are set make gas retort heat transfer rate and heat-transfer intensity be able to obvious raising.
(4) accurately control pyrolysis temperature.The external high-temperature flue gas that enters inner sleeve and outer tube respectively that makes of split type roasting kiln has uniform temp, and high-temperature flue gas is upper reaches and just guaranteed the accurate control that destructive distillation is temperature required in the thin layer particulate coal charge of middle sleeve annular space conducts heat in opposite directions at the same time.
(5) tar yield height.The multilayer back taper baffle plate that is provided with in the gas retort middle sleeve can make the destructive distillation gas that is produced in each layer insulated chamber overflow from the coal grain immediately when forming the multicell isolation, and survey to come together in to export along middle sleeve soon and derive, condensation and decomposition more can not take place in stove, so the tar yield height.
(6) condensate recovery system is simplified.Dry gas and destructive distillation volatility product enter condensate recovery system separately after the outlet of gas retort epimere water vapour and hypomere destructive distillation gas is derived respectively, greatly reduced the water content and the treating processes thereof that contain in the phenol tar, thereby condensate recovery system is simplified.
(7) flexible operation is easy to adjust.The rotating disc type marker method is adopted in the gas retort bottom, but by changing coal treatment capacity, residing time in furnace and the semicoke rate of discharge of inner sleeve rotating speed flexible gas retort.In, in outer tube between hydrolock is connected guaranteed that inner sleeve freely rotates, flue gas seals in the inner sleeve, the secluding air destructive distillation and the flue gas in the outer tube of the interior coal charge of middle sleeve seal.
(8) the compact construction combination rationally.The destructive distillation body of heater by interior, in, outer three concentric tubes form, the vertical height development space is very big, but floor space is very little; Single stove is made up side by side and can expand production capacity, share coal supply and coke discharging equipment, gas burner, condensate recovery system, so can reduce gross investment energetically.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 is that standpipe of the present invention moves hot gas retort outside the both sides.
As shown in the figure, standpipe moves outside the both sides hot gas retort mainly by inner sleeve 1, middle sleeve 2,3 three concentric tubes of outer tube are formed, inner sleeve 1 top is the highest, then be middle sleeve 2 tops, outer tube 3 tops are minimum, inner sleeve 1 top is provided with exhanst gas outlet 4, outer tube 3 upper ends are provided with exhanst gas outlet 5, middle sleeve 2 upper ends are provided with coal inlet 6, steam outlet 7 is positioned at middle sleeve 2 upper ends and passes the wall of outer tube 3, destructive distillation gas outlet 8 is positioned at middle sleeve 2 lower ends and passes the wall of outer tube 3, inner sleeve 1 bottom is a gas approach 9, rotating disk removal device 10 is connected with inner sleeve 1 lower end and is positioned at outer tube 3, rotating disk removal device 10 rotates with inner sleeve 1, and horizontal valve block 11 is connected on the motionless outer tube 3 and is positioned at the top of rotating disk removal device 10, and there is coke discharging mouth 12 outer tube 3 bottoms, be provided with back taper baffle plate 13 between inner sleeve 1 and the middle sleeve 2, outer tube 3 lower ends are provided with gas approach 14.
1) flue gas conducts heat: coal gas burns in the external split type roasting kiln and is converted into high-temperature flue gas, enter between inner sleeve 1 center and outer tube 3 and the middle sleeve 2 the particulate coal charge generation pyrogenation and carbonization that it is moved down through the upper end drying and dehydrating respectively from the gas approach 8 of inner sleeve 1 bottom and the gas approach 14 of outer tube 3 lower ends; Then high-temperature flue gas continues uphill process and constantly reduces temperature, only can make this moment middle sleeve 2 upper ends enter the coal charge generation drying and dehydrating of middle sleeve 2 from coal inlet 6, last low-temperature waste heat flue gas enters chimney together from converging after inner sleeve 1 top and outer sleeve upper flow out respectively.
2) coal charge destructive distillation: the high volatile of drying (volatile matter is greater than the 35%) particulate (annular space that the weakly caking coal material of particle diameter: 1mm～13mm) flows between middle sleeves 2 and the inner sleeve 1 from the coal inlet 6 of middle sleeve 2 upper ends, these particulate coal charges are continuous stirring along multilayer back taper baffle plate 13 and inner sleeve 1 wall turning direction and move down in the thin layer annular space under action of gravity, simultaneously separated out drying and dehydrating and destructive distillation volatility product, generate semicoke by both sides high-temperature flue gas indirect heating.The water of deviating from is discharged from steam outlet 7, and the destructive distillation volatility product is discharged from destructive distillation gas outlet 8, and semicoke falls into rotating disc type removal device 10, discharges from coke discharging mouth 12 at last.
Embodiment 1:
Dry original coal charge (Fugu coal sample: water-content M with diameter 1mm～13mm
Ad=5.5%, volatile matter V
Ad=35.05%) the input standpipe moves 2 coal bunkers arranged side by side in hot gas retort top outside the both sides, move down in the coal inlet 6 of middle sleeve 2 upper ends flows into annular space between middle sleeves 2 and the inner sleeve 1 by coal bunker continuously in the gravity flowage mode, coal charge was residing time in furnace 30 minutes minutes; Then coal charge is that multilayer back taper baffle plate 13 causes mutual isolation in folding process, rotate stirring, displacement and the Surface Renewal that causes coal charge because of inner sleeve 1 again, simultaneously suffer both sides high-temperature flue gas indirect heating to separate out moisture and volatility product again, generate semicoke at last and discharge continuously from the destructive distillation bottom of furnace body.When 500 ℃ of pyrolysis temperatures (destructive distillation body of heater bottom temp), semicoke V after the destructive distillation
Ad=20%
(be equivalent to remove volatile matter account for total volatile content 43%).
Embodiment 2: coal charge is in destructive distillation residing time in furnace 70min scope, when 540 ℃ of pyrolysis temperatures (destructive distillation body of heater bottom temp), and semicoke V after the destructive distillation
Ad=18.3% (be equivalent to remove volatile matter account for total volatile content 48%).
Embodiment 3: coal charge is in destructive distillation residing time in furnace 50min scope, when 658 ℃ of pyrolysis temperatures (destructive distillation body of heater bottom temp), and semicoke V after the destructive distillation
Ad=12.9% (be equivalent to remove volatile matter account for total volatile content 63%).
Embodiment 4: coal charge is at destructive distillation residing time in furnace 60min, when 693 ℃ of pyrolysis temperatures (destructive distillation body of heater bottom temp), and semicoke V after the destructive distillation
Ad=10.6% (be equivalent to remove volatile matter account for total volatile content 70%).
Claims (2)
1, a kind of low-temperature cracking process of high volatile component weak viscosity coal is characterized in that comprising the steps:
(1) original coal charge draws the particulate coal charge that particle size range is 1mm～13mm through screening, its water-content should be less than 10%, then be transmitted and send into standpipe and move outside the both sides hot gas retort top 2-4 coal bunker side by side, entering standpipe by coal bunker continuously in the gravity flowage mode moves hot gas retort middle sleeve upper end outside the both sides and moves down in the annular space between interior, middle sleeve, coal charge was residing time in furnace 30 minutes～70 minutes, and pyrolysis temperature is 500 ℃～750 ℃;
(2) annular space that moves in the hot gas retort outside the both sides, between the middle sleeve of standpipe is provided with the back taper baffle plate from top to bottom, and inner sleeve gyrates under the motor of body of heater outer setting and gear driven, facilitate the particulate coal charge along back taper baffle plate inboard and inner sleeve wall turning direction be to stir and move down, after forming semicoke, outside standpipe moves both sides, discharge continuously at the bottom of the hot gas retort;
(3) high-temperature flue gas of gas-fired generation feeds from inner sleeve bottom and outer tube bottom side respectively, in inner sleeve, upper reaches simultaneously between middle sleeve and the outer tube, the hot flue gas after the cooling enter chimney together from converging after flow out inner sleeve top and outer tube top side respectively;
(4) the particulate coal charge water vapor that moves down in the process in the annular space between interior, middle sleeve to be produced and destructive distillation gas are derived and are passed the overcoat tube wall from the destructive distillation gas outlet of the steam outlet of upper end and lower end respectively and enters condensate recovery system;
(5) semicoke outside standpipe moves both sides at the bottom of the hot gas retort in, middle sleeve bottom annular space discharges to falling into discharge gate.
2, the device that is used for the low-temperature cracking process of a kind of high volatile component weak viscosity coal as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that it is by inner sleeve (1), middle sleeve (2), (3) three concentric tubes of outer tube are formed, inner sleeve (1) top is the highest, it then is middle sleeve (2) top, outer tube (3) top is minimum, inner sleeve (1) top is provided with exhanst gas outlet (4), outer tube (3) upper end is provided with exhanst gas outlet (5), middle sleeve (2) upper end is provided with coal inlet (6), steam outlet (7) is positioned at middle sleeve (2) upper end and passes the wall of outer tube (3), destructive distillation gas outlet (8) is positioned at middle sleeve (2) lower end and passes the wall of outer tube (3), inner sleeve (1) bottom is gas approach (9), rotating disk removal device (10) is connected with inner sleeve (1) lower end and is positioned at outer tube (3), rotating disk removal device (10) rotates with inner sleeve (1), laterally valve block (11) is connected the top that rotating disk removal device (10) were gone up and be positioned to motionless outer tube (3), there is coke discharging mouth (12) outer tube (3) bottom, be provided with back taper baffle plate (13) between inner sleeve (1) and the middle sleeve (2), outer tube (3) lower end is provided with gas approach (14).
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| CNB200610012400XA CN100445348C (en) | 2006-02-08 | 2006-02-08 | Low temperature distillation method and device for high volatile component weak viscosity coal |
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| CNB200610012400XA CN100445348C (en) | 2006-02-08 | 2006-02-08 | Low temperature distillation method and device for high volatile component weak viscosity coal |
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| CN100445348C true CN100445348C (en) | 2008-12-24 |
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| CN101195765B (en) * | 2007-12-21 | 2010-06-09 | 福建科迪环保有限公司 | Hot furnace |
| CN101514291B (en) * | 2009-02-27 | 2012-10-10 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Method for dry quenching by internal heat and low temperature carbonization of coal |
| CN101851522B (en) * | 2009-04-03 | 2013-01-09 | 抚顺矿业集团有限责任公司 | External heating type retort furnace |
| CN101712878B (en) * | 2009-11-23 | 2013-04-24 | 北京神雾环境能源科技集团股份有限公司 | Moving-bed retorting furnace heated comprehensively by radiant tube and circulating airflow |
| CN101984019B (en) * | 2010-10-26 | 2011-09-21 | 西峡龙成特种材料有限公司 | Gravity-pushed coal-material decomposing device |
| CN104722097B (en) * | 2013-12-20 | 2018-01-19 | 玉门市玉海能源开发有限公司 | Oil-sand vertical dry evaporates separator |
| CN103773401B (en) * | 2014-01-15 | 2015-12-16 | 李伟 | A kind of thin layer gas collection dry distiller |
| CN106010604B (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2018-11-27 | 北京林业大学 | A kind of bushing type bilateral fluidized bed fast pyrolysis device |
| CN113398864B (en) * | 2021-06-18 | 2022-04-22 | 西安旭旌再生资源有限公司 | Industrial hydrogen production reformer device |
| CN114806646B (en) * | 2022-04-27 | 2023-03-24 | 新奥科技发展有限公司 | Double-bed system and method for reducing tar content in synthesis gas |
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| CN2229456Y (en) * | 1995-10-10 | 1996-06-19 | 季可达 | Vertical dry distillation furnace body adapted for continuous dry distillation to coal under low temperature |
| CN2611375Y (en) * | 2003-03-13 | 2004-04-14 | 薛志远 | Two-way butt-charging low temp cracking unit |
| JP2005213461A (en) * | 2004-01-30 | 2005-08-11 | Jfe Steel Kk | Method of manufacturing coal to be charged into coke oven |
| CN2915863Y (en) * | 2006-02-08 | 2007-06-27 | 福州大学 | Low temperature carbonization device for high volatile ingredient weakly caking coal |
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2006
- 2006-02-08 CN CNB200610012400XA patent/CN100445348C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2229456Y (en) * | 1995-10-10 | 1996-06-19 | 季可达 | Vertical dry distillation furnace body adapted for continuous dry distillation to coal under low temperature |
| CN2611375Y (en) * | 2003-03-13 | 2004-04-14 | 薛志远 | Two-way butt-charging low temp cracking unit |
| JP2005213461A (en) * | 2004-01-30 | 2005-08-11 | Jfe Steel Kk | Method of manufacturing coal to be charged into coke oven |
| CN2915863Y (en) * | 2006-02-08 | 2007-06-27 | 福州大学 | Low temperature carbonization device for high volatile ingredient weakly caking coal |
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