CN100444442C - Fuel cell capable of increasing operation stability - Google Patents
Fuel cell capable of increasing operation stability Download PDFInfo
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- CN100444442C CN100444442C CNB2005100237215A CN200510023721A CN100444442C CN 100444442 C CN100444442 C CN 100444442C CN B2005100237215 A CNB2005100237215 A CN B2005100237215A CN 200510023721 A CN200510023721 A CN 200510023721A CN 100444442 C CN100444442 C CN 100444442C
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- water
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- fuel cell
- hydrogen
- humidification
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Abstract
The present invention relates to a fuel cell capable of increasing operation stability, which comprises a fuel cell stack, a hydrogen storage device, a hydrogen pressure reducing valve, a hydrogen humidifying device, an air filter device, an air compression supplying device, an air humidifying device, a galvanic pile hydrogen water-steam separator, a hydrogen circulation pump, a galvanic pile air water-steam separator, a water tank, a cooling fluid circulation pump, a radiator and a humidified air water-steam separator, wherein the humidified air water-steam separator comprises a casing, a cyclone, a small drop or water mass collector. The cyclone is arranged in a humidified air inlet end in the casing, the small drop or water mass collector is arranged on the middle upper part of the inner wall of the casing, the inlet end of the humidified air water-steam separator is communicated with the outlet end of the air humidifying device, and the outlet end is communicated with the air inlet end of the fuel cell stack. Compared with the prior art, due to the fact that the liquid water in the humidified in the air is removed by the present invention, the running stability of the fuel battery can be conspicuously increased and the service life is extended.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fuel cell, relate in particular to a kind of fuel cell that improves operation stability.
Background technology
Electrochemical fuel cell is a kind of device that hydrogen and oxidant can be changed into electric energy and product.The internal core parts of this device are membrane electrode (Membrane Electrode Assembly are called for short MEA), and membrane electrode (MEA) is made up of as carbon paper a proton exchange membrane, two porous conductive materials of film two sides folder.The catalyst that contains the initiation electrochemical reaction of even tiny dispersion on two boundary faces of film and carbon paper is as the metal platinum catalyst.The membrane electrode both sides can electrochemistry will take place with conductive body to be sent out and answers the electronics that generates in the process, draws by external circuit, constitutes current circuit.
At the anode tap of membrane electrode, fuel can pass porousness diffusion material (carbon paper) by infiltration, and electrochemical reaction takes place on catalyst surface, lose electronics, form cation, cation can pass proton exchange membrane by migration, arrives the other end cathode terminal of membrane electrode.At the cathode terminal of membrane electrode, contain the gas of oxidant (as oxygen), as air, pass porousness diffusion material (carbon paper), and the generation electrochemical reaction obtains electronics on catalyst surface, forms anion by infiltration.The cation of coming in the anion and the anode tap migration of cathode terminal formation reacts, and forms product.
Adopting hydrogen is fuel, and the air that contains oxygen is in the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells of oxidant (or pure oxygen is an oxidant), and fuel hydrogen has just produced hydrogen cation (or being proton) in the catalytic electrochemical reaction of anode region.Proton exchange membrane helps the hydrogen cation to move to the cathodic region from the anode region.In addition, proton exchange membrane is separated the air-flow and the oxygen containing air-flow of hydrogen fuel, they can not mixed mutually and produces explosion type reaction.
In the cathodic region, oxygen obtains electronics on catalyst surface, forms anion, and moves the hydrogen cation reaction of coming, reaction of formation product water with the anode region.In the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells that adopts hydrogen, air (oxygen), anode reaction and cathode reaction can be expressed in order to following equation:
Anode reaction: H
2→ 2H
++ 2e
Cathode reaction: 1/2O
2+ 2H
++ 2e → H
2O
In typical Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells, membrane electrode (MEA) generally all is placed in the middle of the pole plate of two conductions, and quarter is milled by die casting, punching press or machinery in the surface that every guide plate contacts with membrane electrode, and formation is the guiding gutter of one or more at least.These guide plates can above metal material pole plate, also can be the pole plate of graphite material.Fluid duct on these guide plates and guiding gutter import fuel and oxidant the anode region and the cathodic region on membrane electrode both sides respectively.In the structure of a Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells monocell, only there is a membrane electrode, the membrane electrode both sides are respectively the baffler of anode fuel and the baffler of cathode oxidant.These bafflers are both as current collector plate, and also as the mechanical support on membrane electrode both sides, the guiding gutter on the baffler acts as a fuel again and enters the passage of anode, cathode surface with oxidant, and as the passage of taking away the water that generates in the fuel cell operation process.
In order to increase the gross power of whole Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells, two or more monocells can be connected into battery pack or be unified into battery pack by the mode that tiles usually by straight folded mode.In straight folded, in-line battery pack, can there be guiding gutter on the two sides of a pole plate, and wherein one side can be used as the anode guide face of a membrane electrode, and another side can be used as the cathode diversion face of another adjacent membranes electrode, and this pole plate is called bipolar plates.A series of monocell connects together by certain way and forms a battery pack.Battery pack tightens together by front end-plate, end plate and pull bar usually and becomes one.
A typical battery stack generally includes: the water conservancy diversion import and the flow-guiding channel of (1) fuel and oxidant gas are distributed to fuel (hydrogen-rich gas that obtains as hydrogen, methyl alcohol or methyl alcohol, natural gas, gasoline) and oxidant (mainly being oxygen or air) in the guiding gutter of each anode, cathode plane equably after reforming; (2) import and export and the flow-guiding channel of cooling fluid (as water) are evenly distributed to cooling fluid in each battery pack inner cooling channel, and the heat absorption that hydrogen in the fuel cell, the exothermic reaction of oxygen electrochemistry are generated is also taken battery pack out of and dispelled the heat; (3) outlet of fuel and oxidant gas and corresponding flow-guiding channel, fuel gas and oxidant gas are when discharging, and portability goes out the liquid that generates in the fuel cell, the water of steam state.Usually, the import and export of all fuel, oxidant, cooling fluid are all opened on the end plate of fuel battery or on two end plates.
Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells can be used as the dynamical system of delivery vehicles such as car, ship, can be used as movable type, fixed Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) again.
When Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells can be used as car, ship power system or movable type and stationary power generation station, must comprise battery pile, fuel hydrogen supply system, air supply subsystem, cooling heat dissipation subsystem, control and electric energy output various piece automatically.
Fig. 1 is a fuel cell generation, and 1 is fuel cell pack in Fig. 1, and 2 are storage hydrogen bottle or other hydrogen-storing devices, and 3 is pressure-reducing valve, and 4 is air filter, and 5 is the air compression feeding mechanism; 6,6 ' be respectively out pile hydrogen, air Water-vapor seperator, 7 is water tank, and 8 is the cooling fluid circulating pump, and 9 is radiator, and 10 is the hydrogen circulating pump, and 11,12 are respectively hydrogen, air humidification device.
Operation of fuel cells need be carried out humidification to air side, to guarantee the fuel battery energy operate as normal.Owing to the empty side-entrance of fuel cell one segment distance is arranged, so often have water droplet and from air-flow, separate out, yet the collision between the little water droplet can generate bigger water droplet, even become a water body and be suspended in the air-flow, as shown in Figure 2 at the empty side humidifier of fuel cell.In a single day this big water droplet or the water body that is suspended in the air-flow enter the obstruction that pile will cause the air conducting groove on the guide plate in the pile, make electrode produce the oxidant starvation, thereby the performance to electrode causes great influence, reduces the useful life of electrode, when serious electrode is scrapped.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention is exactly to provide a kind of fuel cell that improves operation stability for the defective that overcomes above-mentioned prior art existence, this fuel cell can make in the humidification air that enters pile participation reaction and not contain liquid, thereby can improve its operation stability, prolong its useful life.
Purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions: a kind of fuel cell that improves operation stability, comprise fuel cell pack, hydrogen-storing device, the hydrogen pressure-reducing valve, the hydrogen humidifying device, air filter, the air compression feeding mechanism, the air humidification device, go out pile hydrogen Water-vapor seperator, the hydrogen circulating pump, go out pile air Water-vapor seperator, water tank, the cooling fluid circulating pump, radiator, it is characterized in that, also comprise humidification air Water-vapor seperator, this humidification air Water-vapor seperator comprises housing, swirler, water droplet or water body gatherer, described swirler is located at the humidification air intlet end in the housing, described water droplet or water body gatherer are located at the middle and upper part of inner walls, the entrance point of described humidification air Water-vapor seperator is communicated with the port of export of air humidification device, and its port of export is communicated with the air intlet end of fuel cell pack.
Described humidification air Water-vapor seperator vertically is provided with, and its housing bottom is provided with the humidification air intlet, and case top is provided with the humid air outlet.
Be provided with impeller in the described swirler, this impeller is skewed; The humidification air of carrying water droplet secretly of coming in from the humidification air intlet produces rotation and collides with housing under the effect of above-mentioned skewed impeller.
Described water droplet or water body gatherer and inner walls are wholely set and form the pair of lamina shell structure, and the shell body of this double-layer shell structure and shell wall are sealing and are provided with, and its inner housing is communicated with inner chamber and is provided with water inlet.
The bottom of described water droplet or water body gatherer is provided with drainage pipe.
Described housing is cylindrical.
Described humidification air Water-vapor seperator adopts engineering plastics or adopts stainless steel and other metal materials to make.
The present invention is provided with a spiral-flow type high-efficiency vapor separator entering on the humidification air duct of fuel cell, effect air-flow owing to each impeller when making the humidification air flow through this separator can advance as helix, thereby generation centrifugal force, under action of centrifugal force, water droplet in the humidified gas stream or water body are got rid of to wall, by a wall double-decker water droplet or water body are separated, drain with advancing humid air, reach the purpose of removing the airborne moisture of humidification.Therefore the present invention can significantly improve the stability of fuel cell operation owing to removed the airborne aqueous water of humidification, prolongs its useful life.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of existing fuel cell;
Fig. 2 is for forming the schematic diagram of water droplet or water body in the pipeline between air humidifier outlet and the pile air intlet in the existing fuel cell;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of fuel cell humidifying air Water-vapor seperator of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of fuel cell humidifying air Water-vapor seperator swirler impeller of the present invention.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 3, a kind of 1～200KW fuel cell that improves operation stability comprises fuel cell pack 1, hydrogen-storing device 2, hydrogen pressure-reducing valve 3, air filter 4, air compression feeding mechanism 5, goes out pile hydrogen Water-vapor seperator 6, goes out pile air Water-vapor seperator 6 ', water tank 7, cooling fluid circulating pump 8, radiator 9, hydrogen circulating pump 10, hydrogen humidifying device 11, air humidification device 12, humidification air Water-vapor seperator 13.
Described humidification air Water-vapor seperator 13 comprises housing 131, swirler 132, water droplet or water body gatherer 133, described swirler 132 is located at the humidification air intlet end 134 (i.e. bottom) in the housing, and described water droplet or water body gatherer 133 are located at the middle and upper part (being on the swirler) of inner walls.
Described humidification air Water-vapor seperator 13 vertically is provided with, and its housing bottom is provided with humidification air intlet 134, and case top is provided with humid air outlet 135.
Be provided with impeller 140 in the described swirler 132, this impeller 140 is skewed; The humidification air of carrying water droplet secretly of coming in from the humidification air intlet under the effect of above-mentioned skewed impeller 140, produce rotation and with housing 131 collisions; Water droplet of wherein carrying secretly 122 or water body 123 enter in water droplet or the water body gatherer 133.
Described water droplet or water body gatherer 133 is wholely set and forms the pair of lamina shell structure with inner walls, and the shell body 136 and the shell wall of this double-layer shell structure are sealing setting, and its inner housing 137 is communicated with inner chamber and is provided with water inlet 138.
The bottom of described water droplet or water body gatherer 133 is provided with drainage pipe 139.
Described housing 131 is cylindrical.
The entrance point 134 of described humidification air Water-vapor seperator 13 is communicated with the port of export of air humidification device 12, and its port of export 135 is communicated with the air intlet end of fuel cell pack 1.
Described humidification air Water-vapor seperator 13 adopts engineering plastics or adopts stainless steel and other metal materials to make.
Please refer to shown in Figure 2, in the present embodiment, the humidification air that comes out from air humidification device 12 ports of export inevitably can coagulating some water droplet 122 or water body 123 after through a segment pipe 121, after this humidification air enters the humidification air intlet 134 of humidification air Water-vapor seperator 13 of the present invention, from lower to upper by a swirler 132, water droplet or the water body of humidification air in the following air-flow of action of centrifugal force got rid of to wall, and pass through a wall double-decker water droplet or water body are separated with advancing humid air, drain, make the humid air that has only the steam state water and air to be constituted pass through, the air intlet that enters fuel cell pack 1 after this humid air is come out by humid air outlet 135 is immediately participated in reaction.Do not contain aqueous water owing to enter the humidification air of fuel cell pack 1 participation reaction, therefore the operation stability of fuel cell is significantly improved.
Claims (7)
1. fuel cell that can improve operation stability, comprise fuel cell pack, hydrogen-storing device, the hydrogen pressure-reducing valve, the hydrogen humidifying device, air filter, the air compression feeding mechanism, the air humidification device, go out pile hydrogen Water-vapor seperator, the hydrogen circulating pump, go out pile air Water-vapor seperator, water tank, the cooling fluid circulating pump, radiator, it is characterized in that, also comprise humidification air Water-vapor seperator, this humidification air Water-vapor seperator comprises housing, swirler, water droplet or water body gatherer, described swirler is located at the humidification air intlet end in the housing, described water droplet or water body gatherer are located at the middle and upper part of inner walls, the entrance point of described humidification air Water-vapor seperator is communicated with the port of export of air humidification device, and its port of export is communicated with the air intlet end of fuel cell pack.
2. a kind of fuel cell that improves operation stability according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described humidification air Water-vapor seperator vertically is provided with, and its housing bottom is provided with the humidification air intlet, and case top is provided with the humid air outlet.
3. a kind of fuel cell that improves operation stability according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that be provided with impeller in the described swirler, this impeller is skewed; The humidification air of carrying water droplet secretly of coming in from the humidification air intlet produces rotation and collides with housing under the effect of above-mentioned skewed impeller.
4. a kind of fuel cell that improves operation stability according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described water droplet or water body gatherer and inner walls are wholely set and form the pair of lamina shell structure, the shell body of this double-layer shell structure and shell wall are sealing and are provided with, and its inner housing is communicated with inner chamber and is provided with water inlet.
5. a kind of fuel cell that improves operation stability according to claim 4 is characterized in that the bottom of described water droplet or water body gatherer is provided with drainage pipe.
6. a kind of fuel cell that improves operation stability according to claim 1 is characterized in that described housing is cylindrical.
7. a kind of fuel cell that improves operation stability according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described humidification air Water-vapor seperator adopts engineering plastics or adopts the stainless steel metal material to make.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2005100237215A CN100444442C (en) | 2005-02-01 | 2005-02-01 | Fuel cell capable of increasing operation stability |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2005100237215A CN100444442C (en) | 2005-02-01 | 2005-02-01 | Fuel cell capable of increasing operation stability |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1815784A CN1815784A (en) | 2006-08-09 |
| CN100444442C true CN100444442C (en) | 2008-12-17 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2005100237215A Active CN100444442C (en) | 2005-02-01 | 2005-02-01 | Fuel cell capable of increasing operation stability |
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Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110534773B (en) * | 2019-08-21 | 2021-03-16 | 上海汽车集团股份有限公司 | Water-vapor separation device for treating tail gas on hydrogen fuel cell vehicle and control method thereof |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2265235Y (en) * | 1996-10-17 | 1997-10-22 | 曹英山 | Cyclone liquid-gas seperator |
| CN2355771Y (en) * | 1998-12-18 | 1999-12-29 | 周明连 | Centrifugal purifier |
| CN1340221A (en) * | 1999-01-12 | 2002-03-13 | 泰勒戴尼能源系统公司 | Method and apparatus for maintaining neutral water balance in a fuel cell system |
| CN1423356A (en) * | 2002-12-30 | 2003-06-11 | 西安交通大学 | Method for oil-free lubricating vortex compressor-decompressor system for fuel cell |
| CN2763989Y (en) * | 2005-02-01 | 2006-03-08 | 上海神力科技有限公司 | Fuel cell capable of raising operation stability |
-
2005
- 2005-02-01 CN CNB2005100237215A patent/CN100444442C/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2265235Y (en) * | 1996-10-17 | 1997-10-22 | 曹英山 | Cyclone liquid-gas seperator |
| CN2355771Y (en) * | 1998-12-18 | 1999-12-29 | 周明连 | Centrifugal purifier |
| CN1340221A (en) * | 1999-01-12 | 2002-03-13 | 泰勒戴尼能源系统公司 | Method and apparatus for maintaining neutral water balance in a fuel cell system |
| CN1423356A (en) * | 2002-12-30 | 2003-06-11 | 西安交通大学 | Method for oil-free lubricating vortex compressor-decompressor system for fuel cell |
| CN2763989Y (en) * | 2005-02-01 | 2006-03-08 | 上海神力科技有限公司 | Fuel cell capable of raising operation stability |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1815784A (en) | 2006-08-09 |
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Owner name: SHANGHAI SHEN-LI HIGH TECH CO., LTD. Effective date: 20131223 Owner name: STATE GRID SHANGHAI ELECTRIC POWER COMPANY Free format text: FORMER OWNER: SHANGHAI SHEN-LI HIGH TECH CO., LTD. Effective date: 20131223 |
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Free format text: CORRECT: ADDRESS; FROM: 201401 FENGXIAN, SHANGHAI TO: 200002 HUANGPU, SHANGHAI |
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| TR01 | Transfer of patent right |
Effective date of registration: 20131223 Address after: 200002 Nanjing East Road, Shanghai, No. 181, No. Patentee after: State Grid Shanghai Municipal Electric Power Company Patentee after: Shanghai Shen-Li High Tech Co., Ltd. Address before: 201401, Fengxian Shanghai Industrial Development Zone, dragon Yang Industrial Park, an international 27 Patentee before: Shanghai Shen-Li High Tech Co., Ltd. |