CN100441816C - Composite dragon's bone, new wall using same as framework and production method thereof - Google Patents
Composite dragon's bone, new wall using same as framework and production method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN100441816C CN100441816C CNB2006100884101A CN200610088410A CN100441816C CN 100441816 C CN100441816 C CN 100441816C CN B2006100884101 A CNB2006100884101 A CN B2006100884101A CN 200610088410 A CN200610088410 A CN 200610088410A CN 100441816 C CN100441816 C CN 100441816C
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Abstract
The invention relates to a composite keel, which is formed by two composed parts, wherein one is the groove steel made from light steel plate; and one is inorganic stuff with magnesia and magnesium chloride solutions, power coal ash, calcium sulfate, and plant fiber that filled into the groove steel to combine the groove steel; the keel can have through hole; and the wall with said composite keel, can connect several keels to form air keel, ground keel, etc; the air keel is at the roof, the ground keel is at the ground, the vertical keel connects the air and ground keels, to through the transverse keel or through hole to connect the vertical keel; the surface of total skeleton is arranged with mask plate; said wall can contain internal separate plate, to be fixed via right angle connector with at least one of air keel, ground, vertical keel, transverse keel or through keel, to form multi-chamber wall.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the body of wall of building, be applicable to that particularly a kind of of indoor separation wall is the novel wall and the manufacture method thereof of skeleton with compound keel.
Background technology
Body of wall is the constructive elements that separates the indoor and outdoor and the interior space, shares the building deadweight.The traditional lightweight body of wall mainly is divided into hollow brick, building block, wallboard wall three major types.(1) hollow brick wall: its advantage is can make different masses type and different pass fragments of brick to adapt to the needs of different bodies of wall, and shortcoming is that water absorption rate height, body of wall are easy to crack, and the comb that is not easy to connect up, intensity is low, nail-holding ability is poor.(2) building block class body of wall: its advantage is lightweight, insulation, and its shortcoming is identical with " hollow brick ".(3) wallboard class body of wall: for " hollow brick wall " and " building block class body of wall ", more advanced " wallboard class body of wall " is so that its body of wall is not easy to crack, efficiency of construction is high, be convenient to pipeline maintenance and built and the extensive welcome of decoration trade.And keel are the core skeletons of " wallboard class body of wall ", and skeleton performance quality will directly have influence on wall performance, and the wall performance quality influences the quality of whole building at last.
The used keel of prior art " wallboard class body of wall " mainly are divided into two big classes: lightgage steel joist and inorganic keel.The advantage of " lightgage steel joist " is to be fit to mechanization production, and light weight is convenient to environmental protection is installed; Shortcoming is that intensity is low, and the body of wall of making is " in a down-to-earth manner " not, can not " load-bearing ".The advantage of " inorganic keel " is environmental protection, and intensity height after the installation does not fear that extreme misery, anti-mildew become, nail-holding ability is strong, and to combine anti-seismic performance good with " the masked plate of inorganic compounding "; Shortcoming is that inorganic keel is bulky, (with respect to other lightweight body of wall) Heavy Weight, poor toughness, the handling process easy fracture, and manufacturing process complexity, production efficiency are low, and big, the mould fabricating cost height of mould consume is not suitable for suitability for industrialized production.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to be intended to overcome both defectiveness of " wallboard class body of wall " keel: lightgage steel joist intensity is low; Inorganic keel complex manufacturing, die manufacturing cost height, keel are bulky, Heavy Weight, handling process easy fracture.Providing a kind of is the novel wall and the manufacture method thereof of skeleton with compound keel.
Above-mentioned purpose of the present invention is realized by following technical scheme: a kind of compound keel, it is characterized in that keel are composited by two parts, the one, the channel-section steel that Light steel sheet is made, the 2nd, be filled in channel-section steel and include magnesia 10-60 part, magnesium chloride solution 10-60 part, flyash 1-30 part, gypsum 1-30 part, string mixing 1-30 part, 100 parts of gross weights, inorganic filler and channel-section steel after the curing are closely as one.Said string is wood chip or straw.Keel can be provided with feedthrough hole.With compound keel is the novel wall of skeleton, it is characterized in that compound keel that the inorganic filler after solidifying and channel-section steel are closely as one, many horizontal, vertical interconnections are fixed, constitute the whole skeleton that contains a day dragon, earthworm, perpendicular dragon, horizontal dragon or through keel, it dragon takes root in zenith, and earthworm takes root in ground, and perpendicular dragon connects day dragon and earthworm, connect perpendicular dragon by horizontal dragon or through keel again, whole skeleton surface is provided with masked plate.Can be provided with " putty " layer between masked plate and the whole skeleton surface.Can be provided with internal partition in the body of wall, internal partition and day dragon, earthworm, erect dragon, horizontal dragon or through keel and be connected and fixed by the right angle type connector between at least one, constitute many cavity walls.The right angle type connector is " L " type or " U " type, and both can dull or mixing use.
A kind of with the method for compound keel, according to the following steps as skeleton manufacturing novel wall:
(1) keel moulding: magnesia 10-60 part, magnesium chloride solution 10-60 part, flyash 1-30 part, gypsum 1-30 part, wood chip or straw 1-30 part are got ready for 100 parts by gross weight, added in the stirred tank then and stir
Pour the inorganic material that stirs in channel-section steel curing molding, wherein, the keel of feedthrough hole need be set, the punching rod is extracted in casting again after the punching rod is loaded onto in the position in hole out during die sinking;
(2) keel assembling: day dragon, earthworm must be fixed on the concrete building laminate with expansion bolt, and a day dragon is fixed on the top, earthworm is fixed on ground, and sky, earthworm should be installed on the same vertical plane; With the centre keel that cuts according to design pitch embed day, between keel, two sides with day, earthworm flushes, centre keel should be perpendicular to the ground, will erect by tapping screw or wood screw with " L " type right angle type connector imperially to be connected as a whole with sky, earthworm; To embed between two perpendicular dragons according to the horizontal keel that design pitch cuts, two sides flush with perpendicular dragon, horizontal keel self palpus level, by tapping screw or wood screw horizontal dragon is connected the as a whole through keel that maybe will cut with perpendicular dragon with " L " type right-angle connector and inserts in the feedthrough hole of perpendicular dragon, be connected as a whole with perpendicular dragon through keel by tapping screw or wood screw with " L " type right-angle connector;
(3) body of wall assembling: on whole skeleton surface masked plate is set, when adopting " inorganic compounding surface layer plate " masked, but at " putty " layer of masked plate or light steel frame surface brushing inorganic compounding homogeneity;
(4) multi-cavity body of wall assembling:
According to the number of cavities requirement, select the light steel right angle type of " L " or " U " type connector to be fixed on the keel, internal partition is fixed on the both sides of the outer wing of the outer wing of " L " type right angle type connector or " U " type right angle type connector with tapping screw; Masked plate is installed at last.
In the keel moulding, earlier magnesia and the molten Huaihe River adding of magnesium chloride stirred tank A are stirred, whipping temp is higher than 15 ℃, and mixing time is no less than 15 minutes, and the mixer rotating speed is not less than per minute 35 to be changeed; Flyash, gypsum, wood chip or straw are added stirred tank B carry out the premix stirring; Magnesia and magnesium chloride solution are poured the mixed liquor of magnesia and magnesium chloride solution into stirred tank B again and are stirred after fully stirring generation " gelling " material
After pouring the inorganic material that stirs into channel-section steel, should shake channel-section steel, remove bubble, wipe channel-section steel surface removal redundance off; Curing molding is spontaneous curing or heating cure, and solidification temperature should remain on more than 15 ℃, is not less than 5 ℃; Curing is no less than die sinking in 24 hours, prohibits water in the week after the formed product, in case secondary response takes place, influences properties of product.
Advantage of the present invention and effect: adopt light steel as surperficial warping resistance layer, internal layer is filled inorganic composite materials (except that the pipeline hole that must reserve), and two kinds of materials are combined closely into as a whole after reaction." light the compound keel of steel/inorganic material " overcome that " lightgage steel joist system " intensity is weak, the drawback of " inorganic keel system " material toughness deficiency, promoted properties of product greatly.In " covering " effect of light steel down, " the gently compound keel of steel/inorganic material " are toughness, warping resistance intensity, or anti-impact force all far is better than simple " inorganic keel ".So the intensity of " is the novel wall of skeleton with the compound keel of light steel/inorganic material " (when adopting similar shingle nail masked) is also far above " gypsum partition board body of wall " and " inorganic keel partition board body of wall ".Simultaneously, light steel top layer itself just possesses " mould " function, therefore, it need not production mould, not only saves high Mold Making expense fully, and has saved group mould, die sinking technology, save manpower and man-hour greatly, improved production efficiency, frock clamp and manufacturing process are also comparatively simple, and production efficiency height, finished product rate height, cost of production are low, are fit to industrialized production.The applicant is through research, experiment, it is the key that can inorganic composite materials and ferrous materials strong bonded that magnesium chloride solution and magnesia mix the quality that stirs inorganic " gelling " material that the back produces, " gelling " material in the metal pair inorganic composite materials has extremely strong cohering to depend on characteristic, therefore, under the effect of light steel " covering effect ", the toughness characteristics of the existing lightgage steel joist of novel keel that the inorganic composite materials that is combined with it solidly is made has again much smaller than the volume and weight of inorganic compounding keel, surmount the warping resistance intensity of inorganic compounding keel and the characteristic of anti-impact force.Simultaneously, because therefore the reduction that reduces, conduct oneself with dignity of body of wall volume, adopts light steel/inorganic compounding keel to make the building of partition wall, its space availability ratio is higher, for the load-bearing requirement lower (comparing traditional lightweight body of wall and light-weight inorganic combined wall) of ground.In addition, can produce the multi-cavity partition wall body,, also can make body of wall reach higher intensity to obtain the body of wall sound insulation and the heat-insulating property of higher standard.
Tabulate compared with the prior art:
The light steel of the low weight steel joist inorganic compounding of performance keel the inorganic compounding keel
The deadweight weight is lighter
Size in the volume (also can do big)
The toughness good job is better
Impact resistance difference difference is good
The bend resistance poor performance carefully
It is high during keel intensity is low
The low height of cost of production
The raw material consumption what
The a large amount of uses of a small amount of use of mould use need not
The production efficiency height is extremely low higher
Installation effectiveness senior middle school height
Thickness of wall body is the thinnest more than 15 centimetres more than ten centimetres can be to six centimetres
Low high in the architectural space utilization rate
Low in low to the requirement of ground
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is compound keel figure of the present invention (a band U-shaped right-angle connector);
Fig. 2 is the compound keel figure that is used for the body of wall diverse location;
Fig. 3 is a multi-cavity body of wall schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 is a body of wall assembling schematic diagram;
Fig. 5 is the perpendicular dragon of band feedthrough hole;
Fig. 6 is the casting method schematic diagram.
The specific embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples
Label declaration among Fig. 1-8: channel-section steel 1, inorganic filling 2, right-angle connector 3, feedthrough hole 4, internal partition 5, masked plate 6, day dragon 7, earthworm 8, perpendicular dragon 9, horizontal dragon 10, L connector 11, zenith 12, ground 13, indoor original wall 14.
Referring to Fig. 1-8:
One, keel moulding:
Prepare casting die (referring to Fig. 6): will by the light steel type material 1 of design moulding with single or side by side in groups form be fixed on smooth ground or moulding plate or the casting bed → → load onto punching rod (pipe) in poling routing hole position and make its location → → with plastics or surface be with the end face template b that the composite plate of plastic coating makes ((external coating release agent) with the two ends shutoff (with locating piece locating piece c clamping) of light steel type material → → to water mold ready;
Preparation inorganic compounding raw material: magnesia 10-60 part, magnesium chloride solution 10-60 part, flyash 1-30 part, gypsum 1-30 part, wood chip or straw 1-30 part are got ready by weight.Then magnesia and magnesium chloride solution adding stirred tank A are stirred; Flyash, gypsum, wood chip or straw are added stirred tank B carry out the premix stirring; Deng magnesia and magnesium chloride solution fully stir produce high-quality " gelling " material after, again the mixed liquor of magnesia and magnesium chloride solution is poured into stirred tank B and is prepared inorganic compounding raw material (must stir)
→ → casting the raw material is ready, and (pay special attention to: can the quality of steel and inorganic material composite performance depends on fully produce " gelling " material in the inorganic compounding raw material, and the quality of " gelling " material depends on whether abundant magnesia and magnesium chloride solution stir---when its whipping temp is higher than 15 ℃, mixing time is no less than 15 minutes, the mixer rotating speed is not less than per minute 35 to be changeed---and could obtain high-quality " gelling " material when having only above-mentioned condition to possess simultaneously, just metal/the inorganic material that can closely be merged is cohered complex.In addition: when whipping temp is lower than 5 ℃, the chemical reaction process of raw material will be stagnated).
Cast molding: with the inorganic composite materials 2 that configures pour into immediately ready casting channel-section steel → → the vibrations channel-section steel, remove bubble → → wipe the channel-section steel surface off, remove redundance → → (solidification temperature should remain on more than 15 ℃ for spontaneous curing or heating cure moulding, this moment, the chemical reaction of raw material could be fully, and keel intensity just can be guaranteed; Solidification temperature is if be lower than 5 ℃, and chemical reaction process is stagnated, and the finished product performance that will cause producing significantly reduces).
Die sinking: solidify be no less than die sinking in 24 hours (the die sinking time of spontaneous curing and temperature, humidity are relevant---low, the high humidity of temperature, the die sinking time is just long, otherwise then lacks; Heating cure gets final product die sinking after general 24 hours.Must pay special attention in addition: do not allow the product trickle after the formed product in the week,, influence properties of product) in case secondary response takes place.
Two, grid system is installed:
My god, the installation of keel: day dragon 7, earthworm 8 must be fixed on the concrete building laminate with expansion bolt.Wherein, a day dragon is fixed on top 12, earthworm is fixed on ground 13, and sky, earthworm should be installed on the same vertical plane.
The installation of centre keel: the centre keel 9 that will cut according to design pitch embed day, between keel (note two sides with day, earthworm flushes, centre keel should be perpendicular to the ground) → → will erect by tapping screw (or wood screw) with " L " type right angle type connector and imperially be connected as a whole with sky, earthworm; (using any form of (1), (3)-(7) among Fig. 2 as required)
The installation of horizontal keel: the horizontal keel 10 that will cut according to design pitch embed between two perpendicular dragons (notice that two sides flush with perpendicular dragon, horizontal keel self must level) → → with " L " type right angle type connector by tapping screw (or wood screw) with horizontal stroke dragon and erect imperial be connected as a whole; (using any form of (1)-(5) among Fig. 2 as required)
Being connected of through keel and perpendicular dragon (structure of not establishing horizontal dragon): the through keel that will cut ((2) among Fig. 2) inserts in the feedthrough hole 4 of perpendicular dragon → → with " L " type right angle type connector by tapping screw (or wood screw) with through keel with perpendicular imperial be connected as a whole.
Three, the installation of masked plate:
The installation of masked plate 6 can be carried out with reference to the requirement of " lightgage steel joist lightweight body of wall installation specification ".As adopting " inorganic compounding surface layer plate " masked, before masked construction, be preferably in light steel top layer brushing inorganic compounding homogeneity " putty ", its " gelling " material can allow light steel and surface layer plate react, thereby surface layer plate and keel are combined together, can strengthen its anti-seismic performance greatly.
Four, the installation of multi-cavity body of wall internal partition:
Shown in Fig. 3 (1), (2), according to the number of cavities requirement, the centre keel and the horizontal keel of select tape " L " or the light steel right angle type of " U " type connector outer wing." L " type outer wing is applicable to two chamber bodies of wall; " L " type outer wing+" L " type outer wing, or " U " type outer wing is applicable to three chamber bodies of wall; " L " type and " U " type outer wing, or " U " type combines with " U " type outer wing and then is applicable to the multi-cavity body of wall.Two chamber bodies of wall are fixed on the individual layer internal partition on " L " type outer wing of horizontal dragon and centre keel with tapping screw; Three chamber bodies of wall are separately fixed at two-layer internal partition with tapping screw the both sides of " U " type outer wing of horizontal dragon and centre keel; The mounting method of multi-cavity body of wall internal partition is with reference to the assembly method of two chambeies and three chamber body of wall internal partitions.
Five, the installation of multi-cavity body of wall: after installing multi-cavity body of wall internal partition 5, install masked plate 6 according to " lightgage steel joist lightweight body of wall installation specification " again, the assembling of multi-cavity walling is promptly accused and is finished.
One of inventive point of this patent is: by " light steel/inorganic material " compound novel keel of forming.It adopts light steel as surperficial warping resistance layer, and internal layer is filled the inorganic composite materials that is rich in " gelling " material, and two kinds of materials are combined closely into as a whole after inorganic " gelling " effect." light the compound keel of steel/inorganic material " overcome that " lightgage steel joist " intensity is weak, " inorganic keel " volume is big, the drawback of material toughness deficiency, and properties of product have surmounted the combination property of above-mentioned two kinds of keel greatly.
Two of the inventive point of this patent is: " no die casting " technology of keel.It with by design moulding " U " type light steel type material opening up with single or side by side in groups form be fixed on smooth ground or moulding plate or the casting bed; Load onto punching rod (pipe) in poling routing hole position and make its location; With the end face template (brushing release agent on the template) that the composite plate of plastics or surface band plastic coating is made the chamber is touched in the two ends shutoff formation of light steel type material, again inorganic composite materials is poured into a mould the method that wherein forms workpiece.Its value is that because the die cavity body itself is exactly the part of product, it not only saves high Mold Making expense fully, and has saved group mould, die sinking technology, has saved manpower and man-hour greatly, has improved production efficiency.
Three of the inventive point of this patent is: the special-shaped keel of the light steel outer wing of band " L " or " U " type.It can produce multi-cavity partition wall system, to obtain the body of wall sound insulation and the heat-insulating property of higher standard, also can make body of wall reach higher intensity.
In concrete the enforcement, " light steel/inorganic compounding keel " constitutes wall skeleton and can be two subsystems---main entirely imperial system and main dragon ((1) among Fig. 2, (3)-(7))+through keel system ((2) among Fig. 2) (they all dispose poling, routing hole according to the design needs on perpendicular dragon, horizontal dragon or through keel):
Complete main imperial system: day dragon, earthworm, perpendicular dragon, horizontal dragon are same specification, are connected with the right angle type connector between each keel, and its advantage is the production efficiency height, and transportation, assembling, field control are all very convenient;
Main dragon+through keel system: day dragon, earthworm, perpendicular dragon are same specification, and horizontal dragon is a through keel.Be connected with the right angle type connector between each keel, its major advantage is quick for installation;
Two subsystems all can independently constitute the skeleton of body of wall---and a day dragon takes root in the top, earthworm takes root in ground, perpendicular dragon connects day dragon and earthworm, connect perpendicular dragon by horizontal dragon (or through keel) again, thus with all keel be connected to whole skeleton (horizontal stroke of " light steel/inorganic compounding keel ", longitudinal pitch routine all between 30-122cm＜special circumstances---as board dimension nonstandard except).
Claims (9)
1, a kind of compound keel, it is characterized in that keel are composited by two parts, the one, the channel-section steel that Light steel sheet is made, the 2nd, be filled in the gross weight of forming by magnesia 10-60 part, magnesium chloride solution 10-60 part, flyash 1-30 part, gypsum 1-30 part, string 1-30 part in the channel-section steel and be 100 parts mixture, inorganic filler and channel-section steel after the curing are closely as one.
2, compound keel according to claim 1 is characterized in that string is wood chip or straw.
3, compound keel according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that keel are provided with feedthrough hole.
4, with any novel wall that described compound keel are skeleton of claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that compound keel that the inorganic filler after solidifying and channel-section steel are closely as one, many horizontal, vertical interconnections are fixed, constitute the whole skeleton that contains a day dragon, earthworm, perpendicular dragon, horizontal dragon or through keel, it dragon takes root in zenith, and earthworm takes root in ground, and perpendicular dragon connects day dragon and earthworm, connect perpendicular dragon by horizontal dragon or through keel again, whole skeleton surface is provided with masked plate.
5, according to claim 4 is the novel wall of skeleton with compound keel, it is characterized in that being provided with between masked plate and the whole skeleton surface " putty " layer.
6, according to claim 4 or 5 described be the novel wall of skeleton with compound keel, it is characterized in that being provided with in the body of wall internal partition, internal partition and day dragon, earthworm, erect dragon, horizontal dragon or through keel and be connected and fixed by the right angle type connector between at least one, constitute many cavity walls.
7, according to claim 6 is the novel wall of skeleton with compound keel, it is characterized in that the right angle type connector is " L " type or " U " type.
8, a kind of with the method for compound keel, according to the following steps as skeleton manufacturing novel wall:
(1) keel moulding: magnesia 10-60 part, magnesium chloride solution 10-60 part, flyash 1-30 part, gypsum 1-30 part, wood chip or straw 1-30 part are got ready for 100 parts by gross weight, added then and stir PH=6-88 in the stirred tank; Pour the inorganic material that stirs in channel-section steel curing molding, wherein, the keel of feedthrough hole need be set, the punching rod is extracted in casting again after the punching rod is loaded onto in the position in hole out during die sinking;
(2) keel assembling: day dragon, earthworm are fixed on the concrete building laminate with expansion bolt, and a day dragon is fixed on the top, earthworm is fixed on ground; With the centre keel that cuts according to design pitch embed day, between keel, will erect dragon with " L " type right angle type connector by tapping screw or wood screw and be connected as a whole with sky, earthworm; To embed between two perpendicular dragons according to the horizontal keel that design pitch cuts, by tapping screw or wood screw horizontal dragon is connected the as a whole through keel that maybe will cut with perpendicular dragon with " L " type right angle type connector and inserts in the feedthrough hole of perpendicular dragon, be connected as a whole with perpendicular dragon through keel by tapping screw or wood screw with " L " type right angle type connector;
(3) body of wall assembling: on whole skeleton surface masked plate is set, " inorganic compounding surface layer plate " is masked when adopting, at " putty " layer of masked plate or light steel frame external coating inorganic compounding homogeneity;
(4) multi-cavity body of wall assembling: according to the number of cavities requirement, select the light steel right angle type of " L " or " U " type connector to be fixed on the keel, internal partition is fixed on the both sides of the outer wing of the outer wing of " L " type right angle type connector or " U " type right angle type connector with tapping screw; Masked plate is installed at last.
9, the method for compound keel being made novel wall as skeleton according to claim 8, it is characterized in that in the keel moulding, earlier magnesia and magnesium chloride solution adding stirred tank A are stirred, whipping temp is higher than 15 ℃, mixing time is no less than 15 minutes, and the mixer rotating speed is not less than per minute 35 to be changeed; Flyash, gypsum, wood chip or straw are added stirred tank B carry out the premix stirring; After magnesia and magnesium chloride solution fully stir generation " gelling " material, again the mixed liquor of magnesia and magnesium chloride solution is poured into the stirred tank B ph=6-8 that stirs; After pouring the inorganic material that stirs into channel-section steel, should shake channel-section steel, remove bubble, wipe channel-section steel surface removal redundance off; Curing molding is spontaneous curing or heating cure, and solidification temperature should remain on more than 15 ℃, is not less than 5 ℃; Solidify and be no less than die sinking in 24 hours, taboo water in the week after the formed product.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2006100884101A CN100441816C (en) | 2006-08-22 | 2006-08-22 | Composite dragon's bone, new wall using same as framework and production method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNB2006100884101A CN100441816C (en) | 2006-08-22 | 2006-08-22 | Composite dragon's bone, new wall using same as framework and production method thereof |
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| CN100441816C true CN100441816C (en) | 2008-12-10 |
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| CN105952100A (en) * | 2016-05-31 | 2016-09-21 | 浙江瑞泰塑业有限公司 | High-strength floor keel for floor laying and preparation method thereof |
| CN114607072A (en) * | 2022-04-13 | 2022-06-10 | 王跃 | Double-sided cavity light high-strength assembly type wall |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4359104A (en) * | 1981-04-22 | 1982-11-16 | Ray Haapala | Furrow opening, closing and soil firming device for seed planting |
| CN1103358A (en) * | 1993-12-03 | 1995-06-07 | 王本淼 | Magnesium composite for building |
| US20040160026A1 (en) * | 2003-02-18 | 2004-08-19 | Lund Jerome Edward | Dual ski skag |
-
2006
- 2006-08-22 CN CNB2006100884101A patent/CN100441816C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4359104A (en) * | 1981-04-22 | 1982-11-16 | Ray Haapala | Furrow opening, closing and soil firming device for seed planting |
| CN1103358A (en) * | 1993-12-03 | 1995-06-07 | 王本淼 | Magnesium composite for building |
| US20040160026A1 (en) * | 2003-02-18 | 2004-08-19 | Lund Jerome Edward | Dual ski skag |
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