CN100440705C - Inductive voltage clamping full-bridge soft switching circuit - Google Patents

Inductive voltage clamping full-bridge soft switching circuit Download PDF

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Publication number
CN100440705C
CN100440705C CNB2005100060465A CN200510006046A CN100440705C CN 100440705 C CN100440705 C CN 100440705C CN B2005100060465 A CNB2005100060465 A CN B2005100060465A CN 200510006046 A CN200510006046 A CN 200510006046A CN 100440705 C CN100440705 C CN 100440705C
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resistance
bridge
clamping
full
winding
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CN1801591A (en
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张华建
李彦峰
茹永刚
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Dimension Corp
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Emerson Network Power Co Ltd
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Priority to CNB2005100060465A priority Critical patent/CN100440705C/en
Priority to US11/794,848 priority patent/US7791904B2/en
Priority to PCT/CN2006/000011 priority patent/WO2006072218A1/en
Publication of CN1801591A publication Critical patent/CN1801591A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
    • H02M1/34—Snubber circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
    • H02M1/34—Snubber circuits
    • H02M1/348—Passive dissipative snubbers

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses an improved inductive voltage clamping gold bridge soft switching circuit which comprises a full bridge converter, a transformer, an output rectifying unit, an inductor, a clamping resistor, a capacitor, a first clamping diode and a second clamping diode, wherein the inductor comprises a first winding used as an auxiliary inductor and a second winding used for clamping. The invention can greatly reduce the instantaneous current stress on the clamping resistor by connecting a capacitor in parallel on the clamping resistor which is connected in series, thereby effectively improving the reliability of the clamping resistor and improving the reliability of the whole circuit.

Description

A kind of inductor voltage clamping full bridge soft switch circuit
[technical field]
The present invention relates to a kind of full bridge soft switch circuit, relate in particular to a kind of full bridge soft switch circuit with inductor voltage clamping.
[background technology]
Traditional full bridge soft switch circuit is widely used in the converter field owing to have circuit and advantage such as control is simple, switching tube is realized soft switch easily, circuit efficiency height, EMI are little.Owing to increased auxiliary induction, when secondary diode reverse recovery process, diode can produce bigger due to voltage spikes and vibration, has increased the diode switch loss, makes the EMI variation of circuit.If it is withstand voltage to improve diode, the reverse recovery time of diode is longer, can make the performance of circuit poorer.
In order to solve the influence that the backward diode recovery causes, improve the reliability of circuit, at application number is 03114296.6, name is called " a kind of soft switch full phase-shift circuit of resonant inductance voltage clamp " (inventor: Zhang Huajian, Lv Minghai, kingdom's swimming, Huang Baining, open day: in the patent documentation on November 12nd, 2003), a kind of full bridge soft switch circuit of resonant inductance voltage clamp of novelty has been proposed, it adopts the clamp winding of resonant inductance to solve the problem that causes between the output diode reverse recovery, make circuit keep the original soft switching characteristic of full-bridge circuit simultaneously, reduced the vibration that the reverse recovery of output diode causes greatly.In a typical case of this patent documentation uses, as shown in Figure 1, resistance R c of resonant inductance branch road string, its objective is in order to guarantee that circuit is in each switch periods, the excess energy of resonant inductance is in time consumed, eliminate the influence that the backward diode recovery causes, guarantee that simultaneously clamping diode D5, D6 are Zero Current Switch.Can significantly improve the reliability of clamp circuit like this.But current stress di/dt or voltage stress dv/dt on the resistance R c that increases are bigger, and peak value is also than higher, and the reliability to resistance R c has certain influence like this.For clamp resistance, the used up average energy of whole process need determines basically, and this is by the characteristic decision of entire circuit.The general selection of the average loss of resistance can both meet the demands, but instantaneous power is different, and especially in the moment that electric current is just arranged, instantaneous power is very big, and electric current is when being zero, and resistance is lossless.The resistance instantaneous stress, to the selection and life-span of resistance all are important factor, and the resistance instantaneous power is excessive, can reduce the life-span of resistance, even damages resistance.So under the constant situation of total losses, always wish that instantaneous power is the smaller the better.
[summary of the invention]
Main purpose of the present invention is exactly in order to solve the problems of the prior art, and a kind of improved inductor voltage clamping full bridge soft switch circuit is provided, and reduces the transient current or the instantaneous power of clamp resistance, improves the reliability of resistance.
For achieving the above object, a kind of improved inductor voltage clamping full bridge soft switch circuit that the present invention proposes, comprise full-bridge converter, transformer, the output rectification unit, inductance, resistance, first clamping diode and second clamping diode, the leading-bridge of described full-bridge converter and lagging leg are connected to respectively on the positive and negative inlet highway, described inductance comprises first winding and second winding that is used for clamp as auxiliary induction, connect and be connected to the leading-bridge of full-bridge converter and the mid point of lagging leg behind first winding in the former limit of described transformer, the secondary two ends of transformer connect the output rectification unit respectively, first end of described second winding links to each other with mid point one side of first winding at the leading-bridge of close full-bridge converter, is clamped on the positive and negative inlet highway by first clamping diode and second clamping diode respectively after the second end series resistance of second winding; Also comprise the electric capacity that is connected in parallel on the resistance two ends, the product of the resistance of the appearance value of described electric capacity (Cs) and resistance (Rc) is less than T/6, i.e. Rc*Cs＜T/6, and wherein T is the switch periods of circuit.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: because the existence of electric capacity, ohmically current stress di/dt of clamp or voltage stress dv/dt improve.Be the technical program on the basis of other performances that do not influence circuit, rely on the shunting of electric capacity, make the ohmically pulse current of clamp mild greatly, temporary impact power reduces greatly, has improved the reliability of resistance, thereby has also improved the reliability of entire circuit.
Feature of the present invention and advantage will be elaborated in conjunction with the accompanying drawings by embodiment.
[description of drawings]
Fig. 1 is the full-bridge phase-shift soft switch circuit diagram of inductor voltage clamping of the prior art;
Fig. 2 is the circuit diagram of a kind of embodiment of the full-bridge phase-shift soft switch circuit of inductor voltage clamping of the present invention;
Fig. 3 be between the output diode reverse recovery of full-bridge phase-shift soft switch circuit of inductor voltage clamping on diode D5, output diode DR2 and the resonant inductance Lr oscillogram;
Fig. 4 is the reverse recovery characteristic figure of diode;
Fig. 5 is the ohmically voltage oscillogram of clamp that increases the electric capacity front and back;
Fig. 6 is that the ohmically voltage of clamp that increases the electric capacity front and back launches oscillogram;
Fig. 7 is the circuit diagram of another embodiment of the full bridge soft switch circuit of inductor voltage clamping of the present invention.
[embodiment]
Specific embodiment one, be illustrated in figure 2 as a kind of phase-shifting full-bridge clamping soft switch circuit that design has inductor voltage clamping that on traditional phase shifting full bridge soft switch circuit, increases, the leading-bridge Q1 of full-bridge converter, Q2 and lagging leg Q3, Q4 is connected to respectively on the positive and negative inlet highway, inductance L r comprises first winding and second winding that is used for clamp as auxiliary induction, connect and be connected to the leading-bridge Q1 of full-bridge converter behind first winding in the former limit of transformer T1, Q2 and lagging leg Q3, the mid point of Q4, the secondary two ends of transformer T1 are just connecing the output rectification unit respectively, the output rectification unit is generally diode rectifier circuit, the output rectification unit is output diode DR1 in the present embodiment, DR2, output diode DR1, the anode of DR2 connects the secondary two ends of transformer T1 respectively, after connecing filter unit, the secondary centre tap of negative electrode and transformer T1 is connected load, one end of second winding and first winding are at the leading-bridge Q1 near full-bridge converter, mid point one side of Q2 links to each other, and is clamped on the positive and negative inlet highway after just meeting the first clamping diode D5 and the reversal connection second clamping diode D6 behind the other end series resistance Rc of second winding respectively; Capacitor C s is connected in parallel on the two ends of resistance R c.Resistance R c is also referred to as clamp resistance R c because of its clamp.
Following with regard to capacitor C s the reliability of resistance R c the improvement according to Fig. 3-5 is further analyzed.
Be illustrated in figure 3 as the main voltage current waveform of its clamp circuit, when electric current Ilr reaches peak value on first winding, the output voltage V DR2 of output diode DR2 also has a peak value, correspondingly on the first clamping diode D5, its electric current I D5 has a pulse at the beginning, then decays to zero gradually.This electric current must flow through clamp resistance R c, so also is that a pulse current is arranged on the clamp resistance R c.The peak value of this pulse current is:
I d 5 , pk = I rp 2 + ( V tn Z rr ) 2
Wherein:
I rp = I o n + V in * t rr Lr ′ ; Io is a load current, and n is former secondary no-load voltage ratio, and Lr ' is the resonant inductance amount of first winding, and trr is the reverse recovery time of output diode DR1, DR2, and Vin is the bus input voltage.
Z rr = Lr ′ Cs ′ ; Cs ' is for converting the circuit equivalent parasitic capacitance on the former limit of transformer T1 and absorbing electric capacity.
When output diode DR1, DR2 oppositely recovered to finish, this electric current was transferred on the clamp circuit very soon.And the reverse recovery characteristic of output diode is depended in the rising of the electric current of clamp circuit.During reverse recovery current reduced, the electric current that output diode DR1, DR2 are unnecessary began to transfer on the clamp circuit.To reduce the curve in stage steeper for electric current during the general diode reverse recovery.As shown in Figure 4, what reverse current descended in general diode (Normal diode) reverse recovery characteristic is very fast, is generally less than 0.4trr as trr2.In the fast diode that recovers, the general who has surrendered is faster under the diode reverse electric current, and as the fast recovery diode among Fig. 4 (FRED), its trr1 time is littler.The electric current of transferring to clamp circuit like this will be faster, and the beginning current impulse on the clamp resistance R c will be steeper, higher.After electric current on the resistance R c reached maximum, along with the energy loss of resistance, clamp current progressively decayed to zero.
Owing to be parallel with capacitor C s at resistance R c two ends, because of the existence of high frequency capacitance, pulse current will be in the zero hour, and major part is shunted from electric capacity, thereby the electric current on the resistance R c will reduce in the beginning conducting constantly greatly.Because capacitor C s charging back voltage is raised, electric current is progressively transferred on the resistance R c again.Transient current on the resistance R c will be mild greatly like this, and temporary impact power reduces greatly.
Fig. 5 increases the last voltage waveform of resistance R c of electric capacity front and back in actual applications.Curve1 is the voltage waveform of resistance R c when not adding electric capacity Cs; Curve2 is the resistance voltage waveform behind the increase capacitor C s.As can be seen from the figure, crest voltage is reduced to 53.5V from 95.5V; Instantaneous like this maximum power is reduced to about 30%.The clamp resistance voltage that the expansion of Fig. 5 waveform is obtained Fig. 6 launches waveform, and therefrom as can be seen, the clamp resistance voltage becomes milder behind the increase electric capacity, and current peak reduces greatly.Can reduce greatly clamp resistance voltage current stress after so fully having shown increase electric capacity.All verified from theoretical and test like this and increased validity, the feasibility that absorbs capacitor C s.
But be not that a careless electric capacity can both reach purpose of the present invention, when behind the shunt capacitance Cs of resistance R c two ends, when if capacitance is excessive, the first clamping diode D5 and the second clamping diode D6 can enter continuous state, promptly diode can not turn-off in 1/2 switch periods, will cause the straight-through phenomenon of dc/dc to take place.For example concerning the first clamping diode D5, the i.e. switching tube Q2 conducting of leading-bridge when the first clamping diode D5 does not also turn-off, then the first clamping diode D5 and switching tube Q2 can form straight-throughly, cause the first clamping diode D5 and switching tube Q2 to damage.So the selection of electric capacity can not be too big.And the resistance of resistance R c can not be too little, if the resistance of resistance R c is too little, also can cause the first clamping diode D5 and the second clamping diode D6 to enter continuous state.So capacitor C s and resistance R c need satisfy RcCs＜T/6, wherein T is the switch periods of circuit, and promptly the product of the resistance of the appearance value of capacitor C s and resistance R c is less than 1/6 of switch periods.
Specific embodiment two, as shown in Figure 7, the application of the full-bridge phase-shift soft switch circuit of inductor voltage clamping of the present invention in tri-level circuit, the lagging leg V32 of full-bridge converter, V33, V34, V35 and leading-bridge V30, V31, V36, V37 is connected to positive and negative inlet highway H1 respectively, on the H3, inductance L r comprises first winding and second winding that is used for clamp as auxiliary induction, connect and be connected to the lagging leg V32 of full-bridge converter behind first winding in the former limit of transformer T1, V33, V34, V35 and leading-bridge V30, V31, V36, the mid point of V37, the secondary two ends of transformer T1 are just meeting output rectification unit D316 respectively, D317, output rectification unit D316, the anode of D317 connects the secondary two ends of transformer T1 respectively, after connecing filter unit, the secondary centre tap of negative electrode and transformer T1 is connected load, first end of second winding and the lagging leg V32 of full-bridge converter, V33, V34, the end points of first winding that connects on the mid point of V35 links to each other, and is clamped at positive and negative inlet highway H1 after just meeting the first clamping diode D5 and the reversal connection second clamping diode D6 behind the second end series resistance Rc of second winding respectively, on the H3; Capacitor C s is connected in parallel on the two ends of resistance R c.
In sum, the present invention is by electric capacity in parallel on the clamp resistance of series connection, can reduce transient current stress on the clamp resistance greatly, thereby improved the reliability of clamp resistance effectively, improved the reliability of entire circuit, so can be described as is a kind of improved inductor voltage clamping full bridge soft switch circuit, electric capacity is also referred to as absorption electric capacity because of its absorption to pulse current on the resistance.

Claims (1)

1. inductor voltage clamping full bridge soft switch circuit, comprise full-bridge converter, transformer (T1), output rectification unit (DR1, DR2), inductance (Lr), resistance (Rc), first clamping diode (D5) and second clamping diode (D6), the leading-bridge of described full-bridge converter and lagging leg are connected to respectively on the positive and negative inlet highway, described inductance (Lr) comprises first winding and second winding that is used for clamp as auxiliary induction, connect and be connected to the leading-bridge of full-bridge converter and the mid point of lagging leg behind first winding in the former limit of described transformer (T1), the secondary two ends of transformer (T1) connect the output rectification unit respectively, first end of described second winding links to each other with mid point one side of first winding at the leading-bridge of close full-bridge converter, is clamped on the positive and negative inlet highway by first clamping diode (D5) and second clamping diode (D6) respectively after the second end series resistance (Rc) of second winding; It is characterized in that: also comprise the electric capacity (Cs) that is connected in parallel on resistance (Rc) two ends, the product of the resistance of the appearance value of described electric capacity (Cs) and resistance (Rc) is less than T/6, and wherein T is the switch periods of circuit.
CNB2005100060465A 2005-01-08 2005-01-08 Inductive voltage clamping full-bridge soft switching circuit Active CN100440705C (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CNB2005100060465A CN100440705C (en) 2005-01-08 2005-01-08 Inductive voltage clamping full-bridge soft switching circuit
US11/794,848 US7791904B2 (en) 2005-01-08 2006-01-06 Inductance-voltage clamping full-bridge soft-switch circuit
PCT/CN2006/000011 WO2006072218A1 (en) 2005-01-08 2006-01-06 An improved inductor voltage clamping full-bridge soft-switching circuit

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CN100440705C true CN100440705C (en) 2008-12-03

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CN104143919A (en) * 2013-05-07 2014-11-12 台达电子工业股份有限公司 Bidirectional direct-current converter

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CN101789697B (en) * 2010-01-22 2012-09-19 艾默生网络能源有限公司 Phase-shifted full-bridge converter with combined clamping circuit
CN104143919A (en) * 2013-05-07 2014-11-12 台达电子工业股份有限公司 Bidirectional direct-current converter

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US7791904B2 (en) 2010-09-07
CN1801591A (en) 2006-07-12
WO2006072218A1 (en) 2006-07-13
US20090097279A1 (en) 2009-04-16

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