CN1937380A - Zero-voltage switch half-bridge three-level direct current converter - Google Patents
Zero-voltage switch half-bridge three-level direct current converter Download PDFInfo
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- CN1937380A CN1937380A CNA2006100967570A CN200610096757A CN1937380A CN 1937380 A CN1937380 A CN 1937380A CN A2006100967570 A CNA2006100967570 A CN A2006100967570A CN 200610096757 A CN200610096757 A CN 200610096757A CN 1937380 A CN1937380 A CN 1937380A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
- Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes
Abstract
This DC converter belongs to one kind of energy converter. It consists of the DC power supply (Vin), the voltage-divided capacitance circuit, the 3-level inversion bridge arm, the resonance inductance, the isolation transformer and the rectifier / filter circuit. Its character lays on that: there is an auxiliary winding (n3) in the isolation transformer beside the primary and the secondary windings (n1, n2). One end of n3 is connected to n1 and two clamp diodes from the joint point to form a clamping circuit. Another end of n3 is connected to the resonance inductance. This converter can eliminate the voltage oscillation induced by the reverse restoration of the rectifier. It decrease the voltage stress across the rectifier and reduces rapidly and effectively the currents through the clamping diodes. All these raise the conversion efficiency and improve the work condition of clamping diodes during light load.
Description
One, technical field
Zero-voltage switch half-bridge three-level direct current converter of the present invention, the DC converter of genus transformation of electrical energy device.
Two, background technology
Along with the development of power electronic technology, more and more higher to the requirement of transformation of electrical energy device, particularly more and more higher to the requirement of input power factor.Proofread and correct (Power Factor Correction through the three phase power factor, PFC) back circuit and output generally can reach 760-1000V, this just requires to improve the voltage quota of back level converter switches pipe, and, in order to reduce the volume and weight of converter, the essential switching frequency that improves, this will the changes persuing parallel operation will realize the soft switch of switching tube, to reduce loss.Zero-voltage switch half-bridge three-level direct current converter can utilize junction capacitance and the leakage inductance of transformer or the zero voltage switch that resonant inductance is realized switching tube of switching tube, and the voltage of switching tube is applied as input voltage half, but still there is reverse-recovery problems in the output rectifying tube, oppositely recover to cause voltage oscillation, the output rectifying tube will bear due to voltage spikes, is easy to damage.
The application patent of invention number be 00119044.X's " three-level DC converter of zero-voltage switch of band clamping diode " two clamping diodes of introducing in the half-bridge three-level DC converter, the advantage that has not only kept primary circuit has been eliminated due to voltage spikes and voltage oscillation on the output rectifying tube simultaneously effectively.
Electric current is the poor of resonant inductance electric current and transformer primary current in the clamping diode.In order to reduce to flow through electric current in the clamping diode, reduce loss, just need reduce output inductor.And, then need increase output filter capacitor, and then the volume and the cost of converter have been increased in order to satisfy the output voltage ripple requirement.Simultaneously, when converter was operated in underloading even no-load condition, duty ratio was less relatively, and clamping diode is turn-offed firmly, causes the damage of clamping diode easily.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to defective at above-mentioned converter, develop a kind of Zero-voltage switch half-bridge three-level direct current converter with the auxiliary winding of transformer, can reduce to flow through electric current in the clamping diode effectively fast, improve conversion efficiency, improve the operational environment of clamping diode under the underloading situation simultaneously.
Zero-voltage switch half-bridge three-level direct current converter of the present invention, comprise DC power supply, input dividing potential drop condenser network, the tri-level inversion brachium pontis, resonant inductance, clamp circuit, isolating transformer, current rectifying and wave filtering circuit, wherein the input dividing potential drop condenser network of forming after two input dividing potential drop capacitances in series just is being connected in parallel on DC power supply, negative output terminal, the tri-level inversion brachium pontis that is connected in parallel on input dividing potential drop condenser network positive-negative output end is by first switching tube, the second switch pipe, the 3rd switching tube, the 4th switching tube forward successively is composed in series, above-mentioned four switching tubes individual diodes in parallel separately and a parasitic capacitance; Clamp circuit is composed in series by two clamping diode forwards, the anode of this clamp circuit is connected on the series connection point of first switching tube and second switch pipe, and negative terminal is connected on the series connection point of the 3rd switching tube and the 4th switching tube, two secondary winding non-same polarities with the number of turn of isolating transformer secondary are in series, the end of the same name of one of them secondary winding other end is connected in the current rectifying and wave filtering circuit anode, the different name end of another secondary winding other end is connected in the current rectifying and wave filtering circuit anode equally, the series connection point of two secondary windings links to each other with the negative terminal of current rectifying and wave filtering circuit, it is characterized in that, the series arm of formation of connecting with resonant inductance again after the auxiliary winding non-same polarity in the former limit winding of described isolating transformer and former limit links to each other, one end of this series arm is connected in the series connection point of two input dividing potential drop electric capacity, the other end is connected in the series connection point of second switch Guan Yudi three switching tubes, and the series connection point of two clamping diodes of described clamp circuit is connected in the series connection point of the auxiliary winding of isolating transformer former limit winding and former limit.In addition, can also a striding capacitance in parallel between the second switch pipe collector in the tri-level inversion brachium pontis and the 3rd switching tube emitter; All right branch road by two fly-wheel diodes series connection in parallel, the series connection point of two fly-wheel diodes is connected in the series connection points of two two input dividing potential drop electric capacity.In addition, in the series arm of formation of connecting with resonant inductance again after the auxiliary winding non-same polarity in the former limit winding of isolating transformer and former limit links to each other, resonant inductance and isolating transformer can transpositions.
Four, description of drawings
Accompanying drawing 1-8 is several embodiment electrical block diagrams of Zero-voltage switch half-bridge three-level direct current converter of the present invention.
Accompanying drawing 2 is with striding capacitance C in the accompanying drawing 1
SsRemove.
Accompanying drawing 3 is with isolating transformer T in the accompanying drawing 1
rWith the resonance inductance L
rExchanged the position.
Accompanying drawing 4 is with striding capacitance C in the accompanying drawing 3
SsRemove.
Accompanying drawing 5-8 removes two fly-wheel diodes among the accompanying drawing 1-4 respectively.
The essence of accompanying drawing 1-8 circuit is the same.
Accompanying drawing 9 is groundwork waveform schematic diagrames of Zero-voltage switch half-bridge three-level direct current converter of the present invention.
Accompanying drawing 10-19 is the equivalent circuit structure schematic diagram of Zero-voltage switch half-bridge three-level direct current converter of the present invention.
Main designation in the above-mentioned accompanying drawing: V
In, supply voltage.Q
1～Q
4, switching tube.C
1～C
4, parasitic capacitance.D
1～D
4, body diode.L
r, resonant inductance.T
r, isolating transformer.n
1, the former limit of transformer umber of turn.n
2, transformer secondary umber of turn.n
3, the auxiliary umber of turn of transformer.C
Ss, striding capacitance.C
D1, C
D2, dividing potential drop electric capacity.D
5, D
6, clamping diode.D
7, D
8, fly-wheel diode.D
R1, D
R2, output rectifier diode.L
f, filter inductance.C
f, filter capacitor.R
Ld, load.V
o, output voltage.V
Rect, voltage after the rectification of transformer secondary.V
AB, A and B point-to-point transmission voltage.
Five, embodiment
Zero-voltage switch half-bridge three-level direct current converter with the auxiliary winding of the band transformer shown in the accompanying drawing 1 is an example, is made up of two inverter bridge legs 1 and 2, resonant inductance 3, clamp circuit 4, isolating transformer 5, rectification and filter circuit 6.Dividing potential drop capacitor C wherein
D1And C
D2Capacity is very big and equal, and its voltage is input voltage V
InHalf, i.e. V
Cd1=V
Cd2=V
In/ 2, can regard voltage as is V
In/ 2 voltage source.Q
1～Q
4Be four main switches, D
1～D
4Be respectively Q
1～Q
4Body diode, C
1～C
4Be respectively Q
1～Q
4Parasitic capacitance, L
rBe resonant inductance, T
rBe isolating transformer, it has three windings, is respectively former limit winding n
1Secondary winding n
2And auxiliary winding n
3, C
SsBe striding capacitance, its voltage is constant substantially during stable state, is V
In/ 2.D
1And D
8Be two fly-wheel diodes.D
R1And D
R2Be the output rectifier diode, L
fBe output inductor, C
fBe output filter capacitor, R
LdBe load.This converter using phase shifting control, main switch Q
1With main switch Q
4Be ahead of main switch Q respectively
2With main switch Q
3A phase place.
Be main circuit structure with accompanying drawing 1 below, 9～19 narrate concrete operation principle of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.By accompanying drawing 9 as can be known whole converter a switch periods 18 kinds of switch mode are arranged, be respectively [t
0[t in the past],
0, t
1], [t
1, t
2], [t
2, t
3], [t
3, t
4], [t
4, t
5], [t
5, t
6], [t
6, t
7], [t
7, t
8], [t
8, t
9], [t
9, t
10], [t
10, t
11], [t
11, t
12], [t
12, t
13], [t
13, t
14], [t
14, t
15], [t
15, t
16], [t
16, t
17], [t
17, t
18] (seeing accompanying drawing 11), wherein, [t
0In the past, t
9] be the preceding half period, [t
9, t
18] be the later half cycle.Below the working condition of each switch mode is made a concrete analysis of.
Before analyzing, make the following assumptions: 1. all switching tubes and diode are desirable device, rectifier diode D
R1And D
R2Except, its equivalence is an ideal diode and an electric capacity parallel connection, to be used for the simulated inverse recovery; 2. all inductance, electric capacity and transformer are ideal element.3. striding capacitance C
SsEnough big, its voltage is constant substantially during stable state, is V
In/ 2.
1. switch mode 1[t
0[corresponding to accompanying drawing 10] in the past]
t
0In the past, switching tube Q
1And Q
2Logical, secondary rectifying tube D
R1Conducting, rectifying tube D
R2End.
2. switch mode 2[t
0, t
1] [corresponding to accompanying drawing 11]
t
0Moment on-off switching tube Q
1, primary current i
pGive capacitor C
1Charging is simultaneously by striding capacitance C
SsGive capacitor C
4Discharge, A point current potential descends.Because capacitor C is arranged
1And capacitor C
4, switching tube Q
1Be that no-voltage is turn-offed.Converter resonance work this moment, that participate in resonance is resonant inductance, advance pipe junction capacitance and secondary rectifier diode D
R2Junction capacitance C
DR2Discharge, current i
pWith inductive current i
LrResonance descends.Because A point current potential is higher than B point and C point current potential all the time, so diode D
5With diode D
7Can not conducting.t
1Constantly, capacitor C
4Voltage drop to zero, promptly A point current potential reduce to zero, diode D
4Conducting.
3. switch mode 3[t
1, t
2] [corresponding to accompanying drawing 12]
Diode D
4After the conducting, can no-voltage open switching tube Q
4A point current potential is reduced to V
In/ 2 o'clock, C point current potential dropped to and is lower than V
In/ 2, this moment junction capacitance C
DR2Continue discharge, current i
LrAnd current i
pContinue to descend.t
2Constantly, junction capacitance C
DR2Discharge finishes, rectifier diode D
R2Conducting, the C point voltage is to V
In/ 2.
4. switch mode 4[t
2, t
3] [corresponding to accompanying drawing 13]
Rectifying tube D
R1With rectifying tube D
R2Conducting simultaneously, in zero-bit, A, B, 3 current potentials of C are V at this moment with the former secondary voltage pincers of transformer
In/ 2, current i
LrWith current i
pEquate, be in nature afterflow state, and remain unchanged always.
5. switch mode 5[t
3, t
4] [corresponding to accompanying drawing 14]
t
3Moment on-off switching tube Q
2, current i
LrGive capacitor C
2Charging is simultaneously by striding capacitance C
SsGive capacitor C
3Discharge.Because capacitor C
2And capacitor C
3Existence, switching tube Q
2Be that no-voltage is turn-offed.Because rectifying tube D
R1With rectifying tube D
R2All conductings, so the former secondary voltage of transformer is zero, voltage v
ABDirectly be added in inductance L
rOn, therefore, during this period, inductance L in fact
rAnd capacitor C
2, C
3In resonance work.To t
4Constantly, capacitor C
2Voltage rise to V
In/ 2, capacitor C
3Voltage drop to zero, diode D
3The nature conducting.
6. switch mode 6[t
4, t
5] [corresponding to accompanying drawing 15]
Diode D
3After the conducting, can no-voltage open switching tube Q
3Rectifying tube D
R1With rectifying tube D
R2Conducting simultaneously, the former secondary voltage of transformer are zero, so V
In/ 2 all are added in inductance L
rTwo ends, current i
LrEqual current i
p, both are linear to descend.
7. switch mode 7[t
5, t
6] [corresponding to accompanying drawing 16]
To t
5Constantly, current i
LrWith current i
pAll drop to zero, and negative direction increases current i
pOppositely the back is by switching tube Q
4With switching tube Q
3Path is provided, and load current still provides the loop by two rectifier diodes, and the former secondary voltage of transformer is still zero.Up to t
6Constantly, current i
p
Reach the load current of conversion, rectifying tube D to former limit
R1Turn-off.
8. switch mode 8[t
6, t
7] [corresponding to accompanying drawing 17]
At t
6Constantly, inductance L
rWith rectifying tube junction capacitance C
DR1Rectifying tube D is given in resonance work
R1Junction capacitance C
DR1Charging, current i
pAnd current i
LrContinuing increases.
During this period of time, the A point voltage is fixed on zero, and the former limit of transformer winding voltage v
CABecause junction capacitance C
DR1Charging also rise simultaneously, so C point current potential is rising always.To t
7Constantly, junction capacitance C
DR1Voltage rise to V
InN
2/ n
1, this moment, the C point voltage rose to V
In/ 2, diode D
5Conducting is with voltage v
CAPincers is at V
In/ 2, so junction capacitance C
DR1Voltage by pincers at V
InN
2/ n
1
9. switch mode 9[t
7, t
8] [corresponding to accompanying drawing 18]
As diode D
5After the conducting, current i
pStep drops to the filter inductance electric current of converting former limit, and negative sense increases.Voltage is V on the at this moment auxiliary winding
InN
3/ 2n
1, voltage direction is that a left side is positive right negative, and promptly C point current potential is low, because the C point is identical with B point current potential, so bears the negative right positive voltage in a left side on the resonant inductance, and size is V
InN
3/ 2n
1, so inductive current i
LrReduce fast.It and current i
pDifference from diode D
5In flow through.To t
8Constantly, current i
pAnd current i
LrEquate that this mode finishes, diode D
5Turn-off.
10. switch mode 10[t
8, t
9] [corresponding to accompanying drawing 19]
Diode D
5Turn-off, C point current potential descends, voltage v
CADescend voltage v
RectCorresponding decline is when reducing to V
InN
2/ 2 (n
1+ n
3) time circuit enter steady operation, former limit provides energy to secondary, current i
pWith current i
LrEquate.
The operation principle of transformer and resonant inductance transposition and above-mentioned basic identical, the effect that obtains at last is also basic identical, therefore no longer stating more.
As seen from the above description, the Zero-voltage switch half-bridge three-level direct current converter of the auxiliary winding of band transformer of the present invention's proposition has following advantage:
Clamping diode can have been eliminated due to voltage spikes and the voltage oscillation on the output rectifying tube effectively, reduces the voltage stress of output rectifying tube.
Owing to increased the auxiliary winding of transformer, can reduce to flow through electric current in the clamping diode effectively fast, improve conversion efficiency.
Improve the condition of work of clamping diode under the underloading situation.
Can realize the zero voltage switch of switching tube.
Claims (4)
1. a Zero-voltage switch half-bridge three-level direct current converter comprises DC power supply (V
In), input dividing potential drop condenser network (1), tri-level inversion brachium pontis (2), resonant inductance (3), clamp circuit (4), isolating transformer (5), current rectifying and wave filtering circuit (6), wherein two input dividing potential drop electric capacity (C
D1, C
D2) the input dividing potential drop condenser network (1) formed of series connection back is connected in parallel on DC power supply (V
In) positive and negative output, the tri-level inversion brachium pontis (2) that is connected in parallel on input dividing potential drop condenser network (1) positive-negative output end is by the first switching tube (Q
1), second switch pipe (Q
2), the 3rd switching tube (Q
3), the 4th switching tube (Q
4) successively forward be composed in series above-mentioned four switching tube (Q
1, Q
2, Q
3, Q
4) individual diodes in parallel separately and a parasitic capacitance; Clamp circuit (4) is by two clamping diode (D
5, D
6) forward is composed in series, the anode of this clamp circuit (4) is connected the first switching tube (Q
1) and second switch pipe (Q
2) series connection point on, and negative terminal is connected the 3rd switching tube (Q
3) and the 4th switching tube (Q
4) series connection point on, two secondary winding non-same polarities with the number of turn of isolating transformer (5) secondary are in series, the end of the same name of one of them secondary winding other end is connected in current rectifying and wave filtering circuit (6) anode, the different name end of another secondary winding other end is connected in current rectifying and wave filtering circuit (6) anode equally, the series connection point of two secondary windings links to each other with the negative terminal of current rectifying and wave filtering circuit (6), it is characterized in that, the series arm of formation of connect with resonant inductance (3) again after auxiliary winding (n3) non-same polarity in the former limit winding (n1) of described isolating transformer (5) and former limit links to each other, an end of this series arm is connected in two and imports dividing potential drop electric capacity (C
D1, C
D2) series connection point, the other end is connected in second switch pipe (Q
2) and the 3rd switching tube (Q
3) series connection point, two clamps two of described clamp circuit (4)
Utmost point pipe (D
5, D
6) series connection point be connected in the series connection point of the auxiliary winding (n3) in isolating transformer (5) former limit winding (n1) and former limit.
2. according to the described Zero-voltage switch half-bridge three-level direct current converter of claim 1, it is characterized in that the second switch pipe (Q in the described tri-level inversion brachium pontis (2)
2) collector electrode and the 3rd switching tube (Q
3) can also striding capacitance (C in parallel between the emitter
Ss).
3. according to the described Zero-voltage switch half-bridge three-level direct current converter of claim 1, it is characterized in that the second switch pipe (Q in the described tri-level inversion brachium pontis (2)
2) collector electrode and the 3rd switching tube (Q
3) can also be in parallel by two fly-wheel diode (D between the emitter
7, D
8) series connection branch road, two fly-wheel diode (D
7, D
8) series connection point be connected in two two input dividing potential drop electric capacity (C
D1, C
D2) series connection point.
4. according to the described Zero-voltage switch half-bridge three-level direct current converter of claim 1, it is characterized in that, in the series arm of formation of connect with resonant inductance (3) again after auxiliary winding (n3) non-same polarity in the former limit winding (n1) of described isolating transformer (5) and former limit links to each other, resonant inductance (3) and isolating transformer (5) can transpositions.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2006100967570A CN100539373C (en) | 2006-10-13 | 2006-10-13 | Zero-voltage switch half-bridge three-level direct current converter |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2006100967570A CN100539373C (en) | 2006-10-13 | 2006-10-13 | Zero-voltage switch half-bridge three-level direct current converter |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1937380A true CN1937380A (en) | 2007-03-28 |
| CN100539373C CN100539373C (en) | 2009-09-09 |
Family
ID=37954718
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2006100967570A Expired - Fee Related CN100539373C (en) | 2006-10-13 | 2006-10-13 | Zero-voltage switch half-bridge three-level direct current converter |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN100539373C (en) |
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102005920A (en) * | 2010-10-29 | 2011-04-06 | 华南理工大学 | Three-level buck type conversion circuit and method |
| CN102237799A (en) * | 2011-07-12 | 2011-11-09 | 珠海泰坦新能源系统有限公司 | Three-level resonant converter clamped by resonant capacitor and transformer primary side |
| CN102629836A (en) * | 2012-04-23 | 2012-08-08 | 山东大学 | Novel two-stage alternating-current photovoltaic module |
| CN101682190B (en) * | 2007-04-16 | 2013-09-11 | 西门子公司 | Active filter having multilevel topology |
| CN104079179A (en) * | 2014-07-09 | 2014-10-01 | 河北先控捷联电源设备有限公司 | Resonant converter and direct-current power supply |
| CN106817032A (en) * | 2017-03-24 | 2017-06-09 | 合肥博鳌电气科技有限公司 | A kind of neutral balance circuit and control method for half-bridge three-level direct current converter |
| CN111092555A (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2020-05-01 | 南京理工大学 | Three-level soft switch high-frequency resonant converter |
| WO2021031642A1 (en) * | 2019-08-21 | 2021-02-25 | 阳光电源股份有限公司 | Flying capacitor-type npc three-level topology |
| CN113708627A (en) * | 2021-07-26 | 2021-11-26 | 苏州浪潮智能科技有限公司 | Resonant converter |
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| CN101682190B (en) * | 2007-04-16 | 2013-09-11 | 西门子公司 | Active filter having multilevel topology |
| CN102005920A (en) * | 2010-10-29 | 2011-04-06 | 华南理工大学 | Three-level buck type conversion circuit and method |
| CN102005920B (en) * | 2010-10-29 | 2013-01-09 | 华南理工大学 | Three-level buck type conversion circuit and method |
| CN102237799A (en) * | 2011-07-12 | 2011-11-09 | 珠海泰坦新能源系统有限公司 | Three-level resonant converter clamped by resonant capacitor and transformer primary side |
| CN102237799B (en) * | 2011-07-12 | 2013-04-10 | 珠海泰坦新能源系统有限公司 | Three-level resonant converter clamped by resonant capacitor and transformer primary side |
| CN102629836B (en) * | 2012-04-23 | 2014-09-17 | 山东大学 | Novel two-stage alternating-current photovoltaic module |
| CN102629836A (en) * | 2012-04-23 | 2012-08-08 | 山东大学 | Novel two-stage alternating-current photovoltaic module |
| CN104079179A (en) * | 2014-07-09 | 2014-10-01 | 河北先控捷联电源设备有限公司 | Resonant converter and direct-current power supply |
| CN106817032A (en) * | 2017-03-24 | 2017-06-09 | 合肥博鳌电气科技有限公司 | A kind of neutral balance circuit and control method for half-bridge three-level direct current converter |
| WO2021031642A1 (en) * | 2019-08-21 | 2021-02-25 | 阳光电源股份有限公司 | Flying capacitor-type npc three-level topology |
| JP2022544999A (en) * | 2019-08-21 | 2022-10-24 | サングロー パワー サプライ カンパニー リミテッド | Flying capacitor type NPC 3-level topology |
| JP7421633B2 (en) | 2019-08-21 | 2024-01-24 | サングロー パワー サプライ カンパニー リミテッド | Flying capacitor type NPC 3-level topology |
| CN111092555A (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2020-05-01 | 南京理工大学 | Three-level soft switch high-frequency resonant converter |
| CN111092555B (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2022-01-07 | 南京理工大学 | Three-level soft switch high-frequency resonant converter |
| CN113708627A (en) * | 2021-07-26 | 2021-11-26 | 苏州浪潮智能科技有限公司 | Resonant converter |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN100539373C (en) | 2009-09-09 |
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