CN100379137C - Zero valtage switch compound crisscross parallel two-tube positive shock three-level DC inverter - Google Patents

Zero valtage switch compound crisscross parallel two-tube positive shock three-level DC inverter Download PDF

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CN100379137C
CN100379137C CNB2005100411283A CN200510041128A CN100379137C CN 100379137 C CN100379137 C CN 100379137C CN B2005100411283 A CNB2005100411283 A CN B2005100411283A CN 200510041128 A CN200510041128 A CN 200510041128A CN 100379137 C CN100379137 C CN 100379137C
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power switch
switch pipe
level
converter
fly
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CN1725617A (en
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王慧贞
毛赛君
龚春英
严仰光
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Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
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Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
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Abstract

The present invention relates to a staggered parallel double-tube positive-exciting three-level direct current converter of a zero-voltage switching combined type, which belongs to a direct current converter of an electric energy conversion device. The present invention comprises an input voltage division capacitor (1), a three-level bridge arm (2), a two-level bridge arm (3), a high-frequency isolation transformer (4) and a rectification and filtration circuit (5). The present invention is characterized in that two ways of double-tube positive-exciting converters share the high-frequency isolation transformer (4); one end of the two primary windings of the high-frequency isolation transformer is connected with the three-level bridge arm, and the other end is connected with the two-level bridge arm. Because each bridge arm is formed by connecting in series a switching tube and an inverted diode, the present invention has no problem that the power tube of the bridge type three-level converter is not straightly through. Besides, the reliability of the converter is greatly improved. The converter is suitable for being applied to wide input voltage occasions of fuel cells for electric vehicles, photovoltaic generation, communication power supplies, etc. The present invention has small high-frequency component in output rectification waveforms, is capable of reducing output filtration inductance, and has the small pulsation of an input current which is approximate to a direct current. Therefore, the present invention can greatly reduce an input filter, also reduce the voltage stress of the output rectification diode, and improve the reliability of the converter.

Description

The Zero valtage switch compound crisscross parallel two-tube positive shock three-level DC converter
One, technical field
Zero valtage switch compound crisscross parallel two-tube positive shock three-level DC converter of the present invention, the DC converter of genus transformation of electrical energy device.
Two, background technology
Along with the development of power electronic technology, more and more higher to the requirement of electrical energy transformer, particularly more and more higher to the requirement of input power factor.The output voltage of circuit generally can reach 760 ~ 800V behind three-phase activity coefficient adjustment, and sometimes even reach 1000V, the switch tube voltage quota that this just requires to improve back level DC converter makes to be difficult to select suitable power switch pipe.Brazilian scholar Pinheiro had proposed three-level DC converter of zero-voltage switch in 1992, and the switch tube voltage stress of this converter is half of input direct voltage, therefore was applicable to the occasion of high input voltage.But this converter is a half-bridge converter in essence, and the voltage on its output filter is two level waveforms.Professor Ruan Xinbo had proposed full-bridge, combined full-bridge three-level direct current converter in 2003, and the voltage on the output filter is three level waveforms, can reduce the volume and weight of output filter.But all there is the danger of bridge arm direct pass in these three-level converters, have reduced the reliability of converter, and the Dead Time of switching tube need be set, and add the protective circuit that prevents bridge arm direct pass, have increased the complexity of circuit.Therefore be not suitable for using to the demanding occasion of transducer reliability.
Three, summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to defective, propose a kind of Zero valtage switch compound crisscross parallel two-tube positive shock three-level DC converter, overcome the bridge arm direct pass problem that exists in the prior art, improve the reliability of converter at above-mentioned converter.
A kind of Zero valtage switch compound crisscross parallel two-tube positive shock three-level DC converter, the output that comprises input dividing potential drop condenser network is connected in circuit two inputs of being made up of three level brachium pontis and two level brachium pontis, two outputs of this circuit are connected in rectification and filter circuit through high-frequency isolation transformer, constitute two-way two-transistor forward converter crisscross parallel circuit, described input dividing potential drop condenser network is connected in parallel on the DC power supply positive-negative output end by the series circuit after two dividing potential drop capacitances in series; The composition of described three level brachium pontis is, the drain electrode of first power switch pipe is connected in the positive output end of input dividing potential drop condenser network, the source electrode of first power switch pipe is connected in the drain electrode of second power switch pipe, the source electrode of second power switch pipe is connected in the negative pole of the 3rd afterflow diode, the positive pole of the 3rd fly-wheel diode is connected in the drain electrode of the 3rd power switch pipe, the source electrode of the 3rd power switch pipe is connected in the drain electrode of the 4th power switch pipe, the drain electrode of the 4th power switch pipe is connected in the negative output terminal of input dividing potential drop condenser network, the first fly-wheel diode positive pole links to each other with the second fly-wheel diode negative pole, the first fly-wheel diode negative pole is connected in being connected in series a little of first power switch pipe and second power switch pipe, the second fly-wheel diode positive pole is connected in being connected in series a little of the 3rd power switch pipe and the 4th power switch pipe, and first fly-wheel diode links to each other with the series connection point of two dividing potential drop electric capacity with the series connection point of second fly-wheel diode; The composition of described two level brachium pontis is, the drain electrode of the 5th power switch pipe is connected in the positive output end of input dividing potential drop condenser network, the source electrode of the 5th power switch pipe connects the negative pole of the 4th fly-wheel diode, the positive pole of the 4th fly-wheel diode is connected in the drain electrode of the 6th power switch pipe, and the source electrode of the 6th power switch pipe is connected in the negative output terminal of input dividing potential drop condenser network; It is characterized in that described high-frequency isolation transformer circuit, comprise high-frequency isolation transformer first resonant inductance and second resonant inductance, wherein the different name end of first of the high-frequency isolation transformer former limit winding is connected in the source electrode of second power switch pipe in the three level brachium pontis, the end of the same name of the first former limit winding is connected in the drain electrode of the 6th power switch pipe in the two level bridges behind first resonant inductance, the different name end of the second former limit winding of high-frequency isolation transformer is connected in the drain electrode of the 3rd power switch pipe in the three level brachium pontis, and the end of the same name of the second former limit winding is connected in the source electrode of the 5th power switch pipe in the two level brachium pontis behind second resonant inductance.
A kind of zero voltage switch interleaving shunt-wound two-transistor forward power three-level DC converter, it is characterized in that, the 5th and the 6 two power switch pipe of two level brachium pontis of the described Zero valtage switch compound crisscross parallel two-tube positive shock three-level DC converter of claim 1 are replaced with the power switch pipe of two series connection respectively, and between the series connection contact of two groups of series connection of two level brachium pontis power switch pipe, connecting two diode in series, the series connection contact of two series diodes links to each other with the series connection contact of two dividing potential drop electric capacity.
The present invention's major technique characteristics compared with prior art are, because each brachium pontis of converter all is made of switching tube and backward diode series connection, therefore do not exist conventional bridge three-level converter power tube to lead directly to problem, have improved the reliability of converter.Each switching tube does not need to establish Dead Time; Need not add the protective circuit that prevents bridge arm direct pass.
Four, description of drawings
Accompanying drawing 1 is a Zero valtage switch compound crisscross parallel two-tube positive shock three-level DC inverter main circuit structural representation of the present invention
Accompanying drawing 2 is the main waveform schematic diagrames of 3L mode of operation of the present invention.
Accompanying drawing 3 is the main waveform schematic diagrames of 2L mode of operation of the present invention.
Accompanying drawing 4-14 is the equivalent circuit structure schematic diagram of each switch mode.
Accompanying drawing 15 is zero voltage switch interleaving shunt-wound two-transistor forward power three-level DC converter electrical block diagrams.
Main designation in the above-mentioned accompanying drawing: V In---supply voltage.C D1, C D2---input dividing potential drop electric capacity.Q 1~Q 8---power switch pipe.C 1~C 8---the parasitic capacitance of power switch pipe.D 1~D 8---the body diode of power switch pipe.D F1, D F2, D F3, D F4, D F5, D F6---fly-wheel diode.L R1, L R2---resonant inductance.T r---high-frequency isolation transformer; The former secondary no-load voltage ratio of transformer is K.N P1, N P2---the former limit of high-frequency isolation transformer winding; N S1, N S2---high-frequency isolation transformer secondary winding.D R1, D R2---the output rectifier diode.L f---filter inductance.C f---filter capacitor.R Ld---load.Vo---output voltage.
Five, embodiment
Accompanying drawing 1 is Zero-voltage switch combined double tube positive exciting three-level DC converter structural representation.Form by input dividing potential drop condenser network 1, three level bridge arm circuit 2, two level bridge arm circuit 3, high-frequency isolation transformer circuit 4, rectification and filter circuit 5.Two-way two-transistor forward converter crisscross parallel circuit, route input dividing potential drop condenser network, power switch pipe Q 1, Q 2, Q 6, diode D 3, D 4, D 6, D F3, D F4, high-frequency isolation transformer T rFormer limit winding N P1With the resonance inductance L R1Form one road two-transistor forward converter; By input dividing potential drop condenser network, power switch pipe Q 3, Q 4, Q 5, diode D 1, D 2, D 6, D F3, D F4, high-frequency isolation transformer T rFormer limit winding N P1With the resonance inductance L R1Form other one road two-transistor forward converter.It is characterized in that the shared high-frequency isolation transformer T of two-way two-transistor forward converter r, high-frequency isolation transformer T rTwo former limit winding N P1, N P2The different name end be connected the end of the same name resonant inductance L that respectively hangs oneself with three level brachium pontis 2 R1, L R2Be connected with two level brachium pontis 3, each brachium pontis of converter is all connected with backward diode by power switch pipe and is constituted.Dividing potential drop capacitor C wherein D1And C D2Capacity is very big and equal, and its voltage is input voltage V InHalf, i.e. V Cd1=V Cd2=V In/ 2, can regard voltage as is V In/ 2 voltage source.Four switching tube Q 1-Q 4And body diode D 1-D 4With parasitic capacitance C 1-C 4, sustained diode F1, D F2And D F3, striding capacitance C Ss1Form three level bridge arm circuit; Switching tube Q 5And Q 6And body diode D 5And D 6, parasitic capacitance C 5And C 6, sustained diode F4Form two level bridge arm circuit.Output rectifier diode D R1And D R2, output inductor L fWith output filter capacitor C fForm current rectifying and wave filtering circuit.
Control method is as follows: switching tube Q 2And Q 3Be 180 ° of complementary conductings, switching tube Q 5And Q 6Be 180 ° of complementary conductings, and respectively with respect to switching tube Q 3And Q 2So the phase place that lags behind is definition switching tube Q 2And Q 3Be advance pipe, switching tube Q 5And Q 6Be the pipe that lags behind.Switching tube Q 1And Q 4Homophase is positioned at switching tube Q respectively 2And Q 3So PWM work is definition switching tube Q 1And Q 4Be the copped wave pipe.
When input voltage is low, switching tube Q 1And Q 4PWM work, switching tube Q 2, Q 3With switching tube Q 6, Q 5Between a less fixed skew is arranged, with switching tube Q 2, Q 3Realize ZVS and switching tube Q 5, Q 6Realize that ZVS separates.The voltage that export after the rectification this moment is three level waveforms, is referred to as three level modes (3L pattern).When input voltage is higher, switching tube Q 1And Q 4Pulsewidth will be reduced to zero, switching tube Q 2, Q 3With switching tube Q 6, Q 5Phase shift work, the voltage that export after the rectification this moment is two level waveforms, is referred to as two level modes (2L pattern).
Copped wave pipe Q 1, Q 4With advance pipe Q 2, Q 3Realize zero voltage switch by filter inductance and resonant inductance, pipe Q lags behind 5And Q 6Then realize zero voltage switch, thereby reduce the switching loss of switching tube, improve conversion efficiency by the energy of resonant inductance.
Be main circuit structure with accompanying drawing 1 below, 2~18 narrate concrete operation principle of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.By accompanying drawing 2 as can be known whole converter switch periods in the 3L pattern 16 kinds of switch mode are arranged, be respectively [t 0[t in the past], 0, t 1], [t 1, t 2], [t 2, t 3], [t 3, t 4], [t 4, t 5], [t 5, t 6], [t 6, t 7], [t 7, t 8], [t 8, t 9], [t 9, t 10], [t 10, t 11], [t 11, t 12], [t 12, t 13], [t 13, t 14], [t 14, t 15] (seeing accompanying drawing 3), wherein, [t 0In the past, t7] be the preceding half period, [t 7, t 15] be the later half cycle.Below the working condition of each switch mode is made a concrete analysis of.
Before analyzing, make the following assumptions: 1. all switching tubes and diode are desirable device; 2. all inductance, electric capacity and transformer are ideal element; 3. import the dividing potential drop capacitor C D1, C D2Enough big and equal, can regard them as V In/ 2 voltage source.4. filter inductance L fEnough big, can equivalence be output current I for electric current oCurrent source.
1. switch mode 1[t 0[corresponding to accompanying drawing 4] in the past]
t 0In the past, switching tube Q 1, Q 2And Q 6Conducting.Secondary rectifying tube D R1Conducting, rectifying tube D R2End, converter is by Transformer Winding N P1To the load transfer energy.
2. switch mode 2[t 0, t 1] [corresponding to accompanying drawing 5]
t 0Moment on-off switching tube Q 1, primary current i Np1Give capacitor C 1Charging.This moment sustained diode F3Conducting, primary current i Np1Give capacitor C 3, C 4Discharge.Capacitor C 1, capacitor C 3And capacitor C 4Make switching tube Q 1Being approximately no-voltage turn-offs.To t 1Constantly, switching tube Q 1Both end voltage rises to V In/ 2, diode D F1The nature conducting, switch mode 2 finishes.
3. switch mode 3[t 1, t 2] [corresponding to accompanying drawing 6]
At t 1Constantly, diode D F1Conducting, diode D F3End switching tube Q 3, Q 4Voltage be clamped at V In/ 4.Former limit continues to transmit energy to secondary.
4. switch mode 4[t 2, t 3] [corresponding to accompanying drawing 7]
t 2Moment on-off switching tube Q 2, current i Np1Give capacitor C 2Charging, sustained diode at this moment F3Conducting, primary current i Np1Give capacitor C 3, C 4Discharge.Capacitor C 2, C 3And C 4Make switching tube Q 2Being approximately no-voltage turn-offs.At t 3Constantly, switching tube Q 2Both end voltage rises to V In/ 2, switching tube Q 3, Q 4Both end voltage drops to zero, and mode 4 finishes.
5. switch mode 5[t 3, t 4] [corresponding to accompanying drawing 8]
t 3Constantly, diode D 3And D 4Conducting is with switching tube Q 3, Q 4Both end voltage is clamped at zero, and can no-voltage open switching tube Q this moment 3And Q 4
6. switch mode 6[t 4, t 5] [corresponding to accompanying drawing 9]
At t 4Constantly, no-voltage on-off switching tube Q 5, current i Np1Give capacitor C 6Sustained diode is passed through in charging simultaneously F4Give capacitor C 5Discharge.Primary current i Np1With capacitor C 5, C 6Resonance work also descends current i Np2The rising of starting from scratch is because current i Np1Be not enough to provide load current, rectifier diode D R1And D R2Conducting simultaneously, the former secondary voltage of transformer are clamped at zero.
7. switch mode 7[t 5, t 6] [corresponding to accompanying drawing 10]
At t 5Constantly, switching tube Q 6Both end voltage rises to V In, switching tube Q 5Both end voltage drops to zero, at this moment diode D 5Conducting can no-voltage be opened switching tube Q 5Two rectifying tubes of secondary are conducting simultaneously still, and transformer former limit winding and secondary winding voltage are zero.Current i Np1, current i Np2Linear respectively decline and rising.
8. switch mode 8[t 6, t 7] [corresponding to accompanying drawing 11]
At t 6Constantly, current i Np1Drop to zero, current i Np2 rise to the load current I of conversion to former limit o/ K, rectifier diode D R1End rectifier diode D R2Flow through whole load currents.Converter is by Transformer Winding N P2To the load transfer energy.Converter begins second half cycling, and its working condition is similar to above-mentioned half period.
By accompanying drawing 3 as can be known whole converter switch periods in the 2L pattern 14 kinds of switch mode are also arranged, wherein, [t 0In the past, t 6] be the preceding half period, [t 6, t 13] be the later half cycle.In the preceding half period, [t 0In the past, t 3] [t under the working condition of period and the 3L pattern 1, t 5] period is identical, no longer repeat here.Below to [t 3, t 6] working condition of three switch mode of period makes a concrete analysis of.
1. switch mode 1[t 3, t 4] [corresponding to accompanying drawing 12]
At t 3Constantly, switching tube Q 6Both end voltage rises to V In, switching tube Q 5Both end voltage drops to zero, at this moment diode D 5Conducting can no-voltage be opened switching tube Q 5Current i during this period of time Np2Give capacitor C 6Capacitor C is given in charging simultaneously 1, C 2Discharge.As switching tube Q 4Both end voltage rises to V In/ 2 o'clock, sustained diode F2Conducting, switch mode 1 finishes, at this moment switching tube Q 1, Q 2Both end voltage drops to V In/ 4.
2. switch mode 2[t 4, t 5] [corresponding to accompanying drawing 13]
Because the former secondary voltage of transformer still is zero, so voltage V In/ 2 are added in resonant inductance L respectively R2And L R2Two ends, current i Np1, current i Np2Linear respectively decline and rising.
3. switch mode 2[t 5, t 6] [corresponding to accompanying drawing 14]
At t 5Constantly, current i Np1Drop to zero, current i Np2Rise to the load current I of conversion to former limit o/ K, rectifier diode D R1End rectifier diode D R2Flow through whole load currents.Converter is by Transformer Winding N P2To the load transfer energy.Converter begins second half cycling, and its working condition is similar to above-mentioned half period.
As seen from the above description, the Zero valtage switch compound crisscross parallel two-tube positive shock three-level DC converter of the present invention's proposition has following advantage:
1. this converter brachium pontis is to be three level brachium pontis, and the voltage stress of its switching tube is half of input voltage, can realize zero voltage switch in very wide loading range.
2. another brachium pontis is to be two level brachium pontis, and the voltage stress of its switching tube is an input voltage, can utilize the energy of resonant inductance to realize zero voltage switch in the loading range of broad.
3. two of this converter brachium pontis all are to be made of switching tube and a backward diode series connection, so do not have the danger of bridge arm direct pass on the topological structure, have kept the high advantage of two-transistor forward converter reliability.
4. it is little to export rectified waveform medium-high frequency component, can reduce output filter, thereby reduces the weight and volume of filtering, and improves the dynamic characteristic of converter;
5. the pulsation of the input current of this converter is very little, and input current is approximately a direct current electric current, therefore can reduce input filter greatly.
6. can reduce the voltage stress of output rectifier diode, improve the reliability of converter.
Accompanying drawing 15 is zero voltage switch interleaving shunt-wound two-transistor forward power three-level DC converter electrical block diagrams.The voltage stress of the switching tube of Zero valtage switch compound crisscross parallel two-tube positive shock three-level DC converter three level brachium pontis is half of input voltage, and the voltage stress of the switching tube of two level brachium pontis is an input voltage, thereby can't be fit to the application scenario of high pressure input.Two switching tubes of two level brachium pontis are replaced with the switching tube of two series connection respectively, and between the series connection contact of two groups of tandem tap pipes of two level brachium pontis, connect two diode in series D F5, D F6The series connection contact of two series diodes links to each other with the series connection contact of two dividing potential drop electric capacity, the voltage stress of switching tube is clamped at half of input voltage, just on circuit topology, constitute zero voltage switch interleaving shunt-wound two-transistor forward power three-level DC converter, thereby can adapt to the occasion of high pressure input.

Claims (2)

1. Zero valtage switch compound crisscross parallel two-tube positive shock three-level DC converter, the output that comprises input dividing potential drop condenser network (1) is connected in circuit two inputs of being made up of three level brachium pontis (2) and two level brachium pontis (3), two outputs of this circuit are connected in rectification and filter circuit (5) through high-frequency isolation transformer circuit (4), constitute two-way two-transistor forward converter crisscross parallel circuit, described input dividing potential drop condenser network (1) is by two dividing potential drop electric capacity (C D1, C D2) series circuit after the series connection is connected in parallel on DC power supply (V In) positive-negative output end; The composition of described three level brachium pontis (2) is the first power switch pipe (Q 1) drain electrode be connected in the input dividing potential drop condenser network (1) positive output end, the first power switch pipe (Q 1) source electrode be connected in the second power switch pipe (Q 2) drain electrode, the second power switch pipe (Q 2) source electrode be connected in the 3rd fly-wheel diode (D F3) negative pole, the 3rd fly-wheel diode (D F3) positive pole is connected in the 3rd power switch pipe (Q 3) drain electrode, the 3rd power switch pipe (Q 3) source electrode be connected in the 4th power switch pipe (Q 4) drain electrode, the 4th power switch pipe (Q 4) source electrode be connected in the input dividing potential drop condenser network (1) negative output terminal, the first fly-wheel diode (D F1) the anodal and second fly-wheel diode (D F2) negative pole links to each other the first fly-wheel diode (D F1) negative pole is connected in the first power switch pipe (Q 1) and the second power switch pipe (Q 2) the serial connection point, the second fly-wheel diode (D F2) positive pole is connected in the 3rd power switch pipe (Q 3) and the 4th power switch pipe (Q 4) the serial connection point, the first fly-wheel diode (D F1) and the second fly-wheel diode (D F2) series connection point and two dividing potential drop electric capacity (C D1, C D2) series connection point link to each other; The composition of described two level brachium pontis (3) is the 5th power switch pipe (Q 5) drain electrode be connected in the input dividing potential drop condenser network (1) positive output end, the 5th power switch pipe (Q 5) source electrode connect the 4th fly-wheel diode (D F4) negative pole, the 4th fly-wheel diode (D F4) positive pole be connected in the 6th power switch pipe (Q 6) drain electrode, the 6th power switch pipe (Q 6) source electrode be connected in the input dividing potential drop condenser network (1) negative output terminal; It is characterized in that described high-frequency isolation transformer circuit (4), comprise high-frequency isolation transformer (T r), the first resonant inductance (L R1) and the second resonant inductance (L R2), high-frequency isolation transformer (T wherein r) the first former limit winding (N P1) the different name end be connected in the second power switch pipe (Q in the three level brachium pontis (2) 2) source electrode, the first former limit winding (N P1) end of the same name through the first resonant inductance (L R1) after be connected in the 6th power switch pipe (Q in the two level bridges (3) 6) drain electrode, high-frequency isolation transformer (T r) the second former limit winding (N P2) the different name end be connected in three level brachium pontis
(2) the 3rd power switch pipe (Q in 3) drain electrode, the second former limit winding (N P2) end of the same name through the second resonant inductance (L R2) after be connected in the 5th power switch pipe (Q in the two level brachium pontis (3) 5) source electrode.
2. zero voltage switch interleaving shunt-wound two-transistor forward power three-level DC converter, it is characterized in that, with the 5th and the 6 two power switch pipe (Q of two level brachium pontis (3) of the described Zero valtage switch compound crisscross parallel two-tube positive shock three-level DC converter of claim 1 5, Q 6) replace with the power switch pipe of two series connection respectively, and between the series connection contact of two groups of series connection of two level brachium pontis power switch pipe, connect two diode in series (D F5, D F6), the series connection contact of two series diodes links to each other with the series connection contact of two dividing potential drop electric capacity.
CNB2005100411283A 2005-07-21 2005-07-21 Zero valtage switch compound crisscross parallel two-tube positive shock three-level DC inverter Expired - Fee Related CN100379137C (en)

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