CN105553272A - Straight-through prevention half-bridge LLC resonance converter - Google Patents
Straight-through prevention half-bridge LLC resonance converter Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output
- H02M3/22—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC
- H02M3/24—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters
- H02M3/28—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC
- H02M3/325—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/335—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/33569—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/38—Means for preventing simultaneous conduction of switches
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种抗直通半桥LLC谐振变换器，该变换器是由输入源Vin、原边电路、LLC谐振网络和变压器以及副边电路构成，所述的原边电路是由两个功率开关管与二极管串联构成的抗直通半桥结构电路构成，所述的副边电路是由整流电路构成；LLC谐振网络和变压器是由高频变压器、谐振电感Lr、励磁电感Lm和谐振电容Cr构成。本发明采用LLC谐振结构与抗直通半桥结构相结合，通过将LLC谐振结构与抗直通半桥桥臂集成到一起，实现原边抗直通结构以及原边功率开关管的软开关，提高了功率变换器的可靠性、功率密度和效率。本发明适用于高可靠要求的航空航天、军事领域，能够应用于高输入电压的场合，同时具备抗直通、高可靠、高效率、高功率密度特性的变换器。
The invention discloses an anti-straight-through half-bridge LLC resonant converter. The converter is composed of an input source V in , a primary side circuit, an LLC resonant network, a transformer and a secondary side circuit. The primary side circuit is composed of two The power switch tube and the diode are connected in series to form an anti-through half-bridge structure circuit. The secondary circuit is composed of a rectifier circuit; the LLC resonant network and transformer are composed of a high-frequency transformer, a resonant inductance L r , an excitation inductance L m and a resonant Capacitor C r constitutes. The invention adopts the combination of the LLC resonant structure and the anti-shoot-through half-bridge structure. By integrating the LLC resonant structure and the anti-shoot-through half-bridge arm, the primary-side anti-shoot-through structure and the soft switching of the primary-side power switch tube are realized, and the power is improved. Converter reliability, power density and efficiency. The invention is suitable for aerospace and military fields with high reliability requirements, can be applied to high input voltage occasions, and is a converter with anti-shoot-through, high reliability, high efficiency and high power density characteristics.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及通信电源、航空航天高可靠电源、混合电动汽车等系统的电力电子变换器领域，尤其涉及一种抗直通半桥LLC谐振变换器。The invention relates to the field of power electronic converters for systems such as communication power supplies, aerospace high-reliability power supplies, and hybrid electric vehicles, and in particular relates to an anti-straight-through half-bridge LLC resonant converter.
背景技术Background technique
开关电源被广泛应用于国民生产的各个领域，航空航天和军工领域的不断发展对高可靠、高功率密度、高效率、大功率的电源变换器的研制提出了更高的要求。LLC谐振变换器由其能够在全负载范围内实现软开关，效率高而被广泛应用。本发明采用LLC谐振与抗直通半桥结构相结合，构造高可靠，高效率变换器。Switching power supplies are widely used in various fields of national production. The continuous development of aerospace and military fields has put forward higher requirements for the development of high reliability, high power density, high efficiency, and high power power converters. The LLC resonant converter is widely used because it can realize soft switching in the whole load range and has high efficiency. The invention adopts the combination of LLC resonance and anti-through half-bridge structure to construct a highly reliable and high-efficiency converter.
近年来，由于航空航天事业的不断发展，对航天二次电源的研发提出了更高的要求，传统的推挽变换器由于其开关管电压应力高，且为硬开关，变换器效率低，只能应用于低输入电压的场合，而桥式变换器存在桥臂直通的隐患，因此被禁止应用。In recent years, due to the continuous development of the aerospace industry, higher requirements have been put forward for the research and development of aerospace secondary power supplies. The traditional push-pull converter has high voltage stress on the switching tube and is hard switching, and the efficiency of the converter is low. It can be applied to occasions with low input voltage, but the bridge converter has the hidden danger of bridge arm shoot-through, so its application is prohibited.
针对以上结构弊端，为实现对电路的优化，提出一种抗直通半桥LLC谐振变换器。采用抗直通半桥结构与LLC谐振结构相结合的思想，实现开关管的软开关，提高变换器效率，同时该变换器不存在桥臂直通的隐患，可靠性高，同时原边开关管电压应力低，适用于高输入电压的场合。该变换器副边整流管能够实现零电流关断，有效地提高了变换器的效率。变换器采用变频控制，实现对输出电压和功率的调节。Aiming at the disadvantages of the above structure, in order to realize the optimization of the circuit, an anti-fed-through half-bridge LLC resonant converter is proposed. The idea of combining the anti-through half-bridge structure and the LLC resonant structure is adopted to realize the soft switching of the switch tube and improve the efficiency of the converter. At the same time, the converter does not have the hidden danger of the bridge arm through-through, and the reliability is high. At the same time, the voltage stress of the switch tube on the primary side Low, suitable for high input voltage applications. The rectifier tube on the secondary side of the converter can realize zero-current shutdown, which effectively improves the efficiency of the converter. The converter adopts frequency conversion control to realize the regulation of output voltage and power.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明要解决的问题是提供一种适合于高输入电压的、抗桥臂直通的、高可靠、抗直通半桥LLC谐振变换器。The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a bridge arm shoot-through resistant, highly reliable, cut-through half-bridge LLC resonant converter suitable for high input voltage.
本发明是通过以下技术方案来实现的：The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
一种抗直通半桥LLC谐振变换器，该变换器是由输入源Vin、原边电路、LLC谐振网络和变压器以及副边电路构成，所述的原边电路是由两个功率开关管与二极管串联构成的抗直通半桥结构电路构成，所述的副边电路是由整流电路构成；LLC谐振网络和变压器是由高频变压器、谐振电感Lr、励磁电感Lm和谐振电容Cr构成；An anti-straight-through half-bridge LLC resonant converter, the converter is composed of an input source V in , a primary side circuit, an LLC resonant network, a transformer and a secondary side circuit, and the primary side circuit is composed of two power switch tubes and An anti-straight-through half-bridge structure circuit composed of diodes connected in series, the secondary circuit is composed of a rectifier circuit; the LLC resonant network and transformer are composed of a high-frequency transformer, resonant inductance L r , excitation inductance L m and resonant capacitor C r ;
所述的原边电路包括第一功率开关管S1、第二功率开关管S2、抗直通二极管D1；第一功率开关管S1、抗直通二极管D1和第二功率开关管S2依次串联连接构成抗直通半桥结构，然后与输入电压源Vin并联连接；其中第一功率开关管S1的漏极与输入电压源Vin的正极连接，第一功率开关管S1的源极与抗直通二极管D1的阴极连接，第二功率开关管S2的漏极与抗直通二极管D1的阳极连接，第二功率开关管S2的源极与输入电压源Vin的负极连接；The primary side circuit includes the first power switch S 1 , the second power switch S 2 , the anti-shoot-through diode D 1 ; the first power switch S 1 , the anti-shoot-through diode D 1 and the second power switch S 2 Connect in series in turn to form an anti-shoot-through half-bridge structure, and then connect in parallel with the input voltage source V in ; where the drain of the first power switch S1 is connected to the positive pole of the input voltage source V in , and the source of the first power switch S1 The pole is connected to the cathode of the anti - shoot-through diode D1, the drain of the second power switch S2 is connected to the anode of the anti - shoot-through diode D1, and the source of the second power switch S2 is connected to the negative pole of the input voltage source V in ;
所述的LLC谐振网络和变压器包括第一谐振电容Cr1、第二谐振电容Cr2、谐振电感Lr和高频变压器T，高频变压器T原边与副边的匝比为n:1，第一谐振电容Cr1与第二谐振电容Cr2串联连接，然后与输入电压源Vin并联连接，第一谐振电容Cr1与第二谐振电容Cr2的连接点与谐振电感Lr的一端连接；高频变压器T有两个原边绕组Np1、Np2和两个副边绕组Nr1、Nr2，高频变压器T的第一原边绕组Np1同名端与第一功率开关管S1的源极以及抗直通二极管D1的阴极连接；高频变压器T的第一原边绕组Np1的非同名端与高频变压器T第二原边绕组Np2的非同名端以及谐振电感Lr的另一端连接，高频变压器T第二原边绕组Np2的同名端与第二功率开关管S2的漏极以及抗直通二级管D1的阳极连接；高频变压器T的第一副边绕组Ns1的非同名端与高频变压器T的第二副边绕组Ns2的同名端连接；The LLC resonant network and transformer include a first resonant capacitor C r1 , a second resonant capacitor C r2 , a resonant inductance L r and a high-frequency transformer T. The turn ratio of the primary side of the high-frequency transformer T to the secondary side is n:1, The first resonant capacitor C r1 is connected in series with the second resonant capacitor C r2 , and then connected in parallel with the input voltage source V in , the connection point of the first resonant capacitor C r1 and the second resonant capacitor C r2 is connected with one end of the resonant inductance L r ; The high-frequency transformer T has two primary windings N p1 , N p2 and two secondary windings N r1 , N r2 , the first primary winding N p1 of the high-frequency transformer T has the same name terminal as the first power switch tube S 1 The source of the anti-shoot-through diode D 1 is connected to the cathode; the non-identical end of the first primary winding N p1 of the high-frequency transformer T is connected to the non-identical end of the second primary winding N p2 of the high-frequency transformer T and the resonant inductance L r The other end of the high-frequency transformer T’s second primary winding N p2 is connected to the drain of the second power switch S2 and the anode of the anti-shoot diode D1; the first secondary of the high-frequency transformer T The non-identical end of the side winding N s1 is connected to the same-name end of the second secondary winding N s2 of the high-frequency transformer T;
所述副边电路包括第一输出整流二极管管Dr1、第二输出整流二极管Dr2、输出电容Co和负载电阻Ro，第一输出整流二极管Dr1的阴极与第二输出整流二极管Dr2的阴极连接，第一输出整流二极管Dr1的阳极与高频变压器T的第一副边绕组Ns1的同名端连接，第二输出整流管Dr2的阳极与高频变压器T的第二副边绕组Ns2的非同名端连接；输出电容Co与负载电阻Ro并联，输出电容Co和负载电阻Ro的正极连接到第一输出整流二极管Dr1与第二输出整流二极管Dr2的共阴极处，其负极连接到高频变压器T的第一副边绕组Ns1的非同名端以及高频变压器T的第二副边绕组Ns2的同名端。The secondary side circuit includes a first output rectifying diode tube D r1 , a second output rectifying diode D r2 , an output capacitor C o and a load resistor R o , the cathode of the first output rectifying diode D r1 is connected to the second output rectifying diode D r2 The cathode of the first output rectifier diode D r1 is connected to the same name terminal of the first secondary winding N s1 of the high frequency transformer T, and the anode of the second output rectifier D r2 is connected to the second secondary side of the high frequency transformer T The non-identical end of the winding N s2 is connected; the output capacitor C o is connected in parallel with the load resistor R o , and the anodes of the output capacitor C o and the load resistor R o are connected to the common of the first output rectifier diode D r1 and the second output rectifier diode D r2 At the cathode, its negative pole is connected to the non-identical end of the first secondary winding N s1 of the high-frequency transformer T and the same-named end of the second secondary winding N s2 of the high-frequency transformer T.
本发明的目的是实现抗直通、高可靠、高效率、高功率密度的隔离直流变换器，本发明采用LLC谐振结构与抗直通半桥结构相结合，通过将LLC谐振结构与抗直通半桥桥臂集成到一起，实现原边抗直通结构以及原边功率开关管的软开关，提高了功率变换器的可靠性、功率密度和效率。本发明只有两个开关管，能够有效降低成本。本发明适用于高可靠要求的航空航天、军事领域，能够应用于高输入电压的场合，同时具备抗直通、高可靠、高效率、高功率密度特性的变换器。The purpose of the present invention is to realize anti-shoot-through, high reliability, high efficiency, high power density isolated DC converter, the present invention adopts LLC resonant structure and anti-shoot-through half-bridge structure to combine, by LLC resonance structure and anti-shoot-through half-bridge bridge Arms are integrated together to realize the primary-side anti-through structure and the soft switching of the primary-side power switch tube, which improves the reliability, power density and efficiency of the power converter. The invention has only two switch tubes, which can effectively reduce the cost. The invention is suitable for aerospace and military fields with high reliability requirements, can be applied to high input voltage occasions, and is a converter with anti-shoot-through, high reliability, high efficiency and high power density characteristics.
由于采用上述技术方案，本发明提供的一种抗直通半桥LLC谐振变换器，与现有技术相比具有这样的有益效果：Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the invention provides an anti-straight-through half-bridge LLC resonant converter, which has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:
(1)变换器不存在桥臂直通的结构，消除桥臂直通的隐患，可靠性高；(1) The converter does not have a straight-through structure of the bridge arm, which eliminates the hidden danger of the bridge arm through-through, and has high reliability;
(2)原边开关管承受电压应力为输入电压值，开关管电压应力低，适用于高压输入场合；(2) The voltage stress of the switch tube on the primary side is the input voltage value, and the voltage stress of the switch tube is low, which is suitable for high-voltage input occasions;
(3)所有原边开关管和副边的整流管都能够实现软开关，有效提高变换器效率，同时易于高频化设计。(3) All the switching tubes on the primary side and the rectifying tubes on the secondary side can realize soft switching, which can effectively improve the efficiency of the converter and facilitate high-frequency design at the same time.
(4)变压器漏感能够与谐振电感磁集成，提高变换器的功率密度。(4) The leakage inductance of the transformer can be magnetically integrated with the resonant inductor to increase the power density of the converter.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明抗直通半桥LLC谐振变换器的电路结构原理图；Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the circuit structure of the anti-straight-through half-bridge LLC resonant converter of the present invention;
图2是本发明抗直通半桥LLC谐振变换器的主要工作波形图；Fig. 2 is the main working waveform diagram of the anti-straight-through half-bridge LLC resonant converter of the present invention;
图3是本发明抗直通半桥LLC谐振变换器t0-t1阶段的等效电路图；Fig. 3 is the equivalent circuit diagram of the stage t 0 -t 1 of the anti-straight-through half-bridge LLC resonant converter of the present invention;
图4是本发明抗直通半桥LLC谐振变换器t1-t2阶段的等效电路图；Fig. 4 is the equivalent circuit diagram of the t1 - t2 stage of the anti-straight-through half-bridge LLC resonant converter of the present invention;
图5是本发明抗直通半桥LLC谐振变换器t2-t3阶段的等效电路图；Fig. 5 is the equivalent circuit diagram of the t2 - t3 stage of the anti-straight-through half-bridge LLC resonant converter of the present invention;
图6是本发明抗直通半桥LLC谐振变换器t3阶段后，进入负半周的等效电路图；Fig. 6 is the equivalent circuit diagram of entering the negative half cycle after the t3 stage of the anti-straight-through half-bridge LLC resonant converter of the present invention;
以上图中的符号名称：Vin为输入电压源；Vgs1、Vgs2为第一功率开关管S1、第二功率开关管S2的驱动；Vds1、Vds2为第一功率开关管S1、第二功率开关管S2两端电压，idr1、idr2为副边第一整流二极管Dr1、第二整流二极管Dr2的电流，ip1、ip2为第一原边绕组Np1和第二原边绕组Np2的电流，S1为第一功率开关管、S2为第二功率开关管；Cr1为第一谐振电容，Cr2为第二谐振电容；Lr为谐振电感；D1为抗直通二极管；T为高频变压器；Np1、Np2、Ns1、Ns1分别为高频变压器T的第一原边绕组、第二原边绕组、第一副边绕组和第二副边绕组；Lm1、Lm2分别为第一绕组激磁电感和第二绕组激磁电感；iLr为谐振电感Lr的电流，ip1、ip2为第一原边绕组Np1、、第二原边绕组Np2电流；Dr1、Dr2分别为第一输出整流二极管、第二输出整流二极管；Co为输出滤波电容；Ro为负载电阻，D为开关管占空比；tdead是死区时间。The symbol names in the above figure: V in is the input voltage source; V gs1 and V gs2 are the driving of the first power switch S 1 and the second power switch S 2 ; V ds1 and V ds2 are the first power switch S 1. The voltage at both ends of the second power switch tube S2, i dr1 and i dr2 are the currents of the first rectifier diode D r1 and the second rectifier diode D r2 on the secondary side, and i p1 and i p2 are the first primary winding N p1 and the current of the second primary winding N p2 , S 1 is the first power switch tube, S 2 is the second power switch tube; C r1 is the first resonant capacitor, C r2 is the second resonant capacitor; L r is the resonant inductance ; D 1 is the anti-shoot-through diode; T is the high frequency transformer; N p1 , N p2 , N s1 , N s1 are the first primary winding, the second primary winding, the first secondary winding and the high frequency transformer T respectively. The second secondary winding; L m1 and L m2 are the exciting inductance of the first winding and the second winding respectively; i Lr is the current of the resonant inductance L r , i p1 and i p2 are the first primary winding N p1 , The current of the second primary winding N p2 ; D r1 and D r2 are the first output rectifier diode and the second output rectifier diode; C o is the output filter capacitor; R o is the load resistance, and D is the duty cycle of the switch tube; t dead is the dead time.
具体实施方案specific implementation plan
下面结合附图对本发明作进一步说明。The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
本发明的一种抗直通半桥LLC谐振变换器，如图1所示，该变换器是由输入源Vin、原边电路、LLC谐振网络和变压器以及副边电路构成，所述的原边电路是由两个功率开关管与二极管串联构成的抗直通半桥结构电路构成，所述的副边电路是由整流电路构成；LLC谐振网络和变压器是由高频变压器、谐振电感Lr、励磁电感Lm和谐振电容Cr构成；A kind of anti-straight-through half-bridge LLC resonant converter of the present invention, as shown in Figure 1, this converter is made up of input source V in , primary side circuit, LLC resonant network and transformer and secondary side circuit, described primary side The circuit is composed of two power switch tubes and a diode connected in series to form an anti-through half-bridge structure circuit. The secondary side circuit is composed of a rectifier circuit; the LLC resonant network and transformer are composed of a high-frequency transformer, a resonant inductor L r , an excitation Composed of inductance L m and resonant capacitor C r ;
所述的原边电路包括第一功率开关管S1、第二功率开关管S2、抗直通二极管D1；第一功率开关管S1、抗直通二极管D1和第二功率开关管S2依次串联连接构成抗直通半桥结构，然后与输入电压源Vin并联连接；其中第一功率开关管S1的漏极与输入电压源Vin的正极连接，第一功率开关管S1的源极与抗直通二极管D1的阴极连接，第二功率开关管S2的漏极与抗直通二极管D1的阳极连接，第二功率开关管S2的源极与输入电压源Vin的负极连接；The primary side circuit includes the first power switch S 1 , the second power switch S 2 , the anti-shoot-through diode D 1 ; the first power switch S 1 , the anti-shoot-through diode D 1 and the second power switch S 2 Connect in series in turn to form an anti-shoot-through half-bridge structure, and then connect in parallel with the input voltage source V in ; where the drain of the first power switch S1 is connected to the positive pole of the input voltage source V in , and the source of the first power switch S1 The pole is connected to the cathode of the anti - shoot-through diode D1, the drain of the second power switch S2 is connected to the anode of the anti - shoot-through diode D1, and the source of the second power switch S2 is connected to the negative pole of the input voltage source V in ;
所述的LLC谐振网络和变压器包括第一谐振电容Cr1、第二谐振电容Cr2、谐振电感Lr和高频变压器T，高频变压器T原边与副边的匝比为n:1，第一谐振电容Cr1与第二谐振电容Cr2串联连接，然后与输入电压源Vin并联连接，第一谐振电容Cr1与第二谐振电容Cr2的连接点与谐振电感Lr的一端连接；高频变压器T有两个原边绕组Np1、Np2和两个副边绕组Nr1、Nr2，高频变压器T的第一原边绕组Np1同名端与第一功率开关管S1的源极以及抗直通二极管D1的阴极连接；高频变压器T的第一原边绕组Np1的非同名端与高频变压器T第二原边绕组Np2的非同名端以及谐振电感Lr的另一端连接，高频变压器T第二原边绕组Np2的同名端与第二功率开关管S2的漏极以及抗直通二级管D1的阳极连接；高频变压器T的第一副边绕组Ns1的非同名端与高频变压器T的第二副边绕组Ns2的同名端连接；The LLC resonant network and transformer include a first resonant capacitor C r1 , a second resonant capacitor C r2 , a resonant inductance L r and a high-frequency transformer T. The turn ratio of the primary side of the high-frequency transformer T to the secondary side is n:1, The first resonant capacitor C r1 is connected in series with the second resonant capacitor C r2 , and then connected in parallel with the input voltage source V in , the connection point of the first resonant capacitor C r1 and the second resonant capacitor C r2 is connected with one end of the resonant inductance L r ; The high-frequency transformer T has two primary windings N p1 , N p2 and two secondary windings N r1 , N r2 , the first primary winding N p1 of the high-frequency transformer T has the same name terminal as the first power switch tube S 1 The source of the anti-shoot-through diode D 1 is connected to the cathode; the non-identical end of the first primary winding N p1 of the high-frequency transformer T is connected to the non-identical end of the second primary winding N p2 of the high-frequency transformer T and the resonant inductance L r The other end of the high-frequency transformer T’s second primary winding N p2 is connected to the drain of the second power switch S2 and the anode of the anti-shoot diode D1; the first secondary of the high-frequency transformer T The non-identical end of the side winding N s1 is connected to the same-name end of the second secondary winding N s2 of the high-frequency transformer T;
所述副边电路包括第一输出整流二极管管Dr1、第二输出整流二极管Dr2、输出电容Co和负载电阻Ro，第一输出整流二极管Dr1的阴极与第二输出整流二极管Dr2的阴极连接，第一输出整流二极管Dr1的阳极与高频变压器T的第一副边绕组Ns1的同名端连接，第二输出整流管Dr2的阳极与高频变压器T的第二副边绕组Ns2的非同名端连接；输出电容Co与负载电阻Ro并联，输出电容Co和负载电阻Ro的正极连接到第一输出整流二极管Dr1与第二输出整流二极管Dr2的共阴极处，其负极连接到高频变压器T的第一副边绕组Ns1的非同名端以及高频变压器T的第二副边绕组Ns2的同名端。The secondary side circuit includes a first output rectifying diode tube D r1 , a second output rectifying diode D r2 , an output capacitor C o and a load resistor R o , the cathode of the first output rectifying diode D r1 is connected to the second output rectifying diode D r2 The cathode of the first output rectifier diode D r1 is connected to the same name terminal of the first secondary winding N s1 of the high frequency transformer T, and the anode of the second output rectifier D r2 is connected to the second secondary side of the high frequency transformer T The non-identical end of the winding N s2 is connected; the output capacitor C o is connected in parallel with the load resistor R o , and the anodes of the output capacitor C o and the load resistor R o are connected to the common of the first output rectifier diode D r1 and the second output rectifier diode D r2 At the cathode, its negative pole is connected to the non-identical end of the first secondary winding N s1 of the high-frequency transformer T and the same-named end of the second secondary winding N s2 of the high-frequency transformer T.
图2所示是本发明抗直通半桥LLC谐振变换器的主要工作波形图；下面以图3——图6对本发明抗直通半桥LLC谐振变换器的具体工作过程进行分析：Shown in Fig. 2 is the main working waveform diagram of the anti-straight-through half-bridge LLC resonant converter of the present invention; The specific working process of the anti-straight-through half-bridge LLC resonant converter of the present invention is analyzed below with Fig. 3-Fig. 6:
(t0-t1)时刻，如图3所示，原边第一开关管S1导通，副边第一输出整流二极管Dr1处于导通状态，副边第二输出整流二极管Dr2承受反向电压处于截止状态。由于抗直通二极管D1一直处于续流的状态，因此高频变压器T原边两个绕组第一原边绕组Np1与第二原边绕组Np2等效为并联连接，因此高频变压器T原边两个绕组两端的电压被钳位在输出电压Vo反馈到原边的电压值nVo，原边第一绕组励磁电感Lm1的电流iLm1线性上升，第二原边绕组Np2耦合第一原边绕组Np1的电压，使原边第二绕组励磁电感Lm2的电流iLm2线性下降，谐振电感Lr与第一谐振电容Cr1和第二谐振电容Cr2进行谐振，谐振电感Lr的电流iLr处于上升阶段，谐振电感Lr的电流iLr与原边第一绕组励磁电感Lm1电流iLm1和原边第二绕组励磁电感Lm2电流iLm2之和的差值通过高频变压器T内部两个绕组分流得到inp1和inp2，inp1和inp2的绝对值之和的1/n倍为副边第一输出整流二极管Dr1的电流。此阶段，输入电压源Vin通过高频变压器T向副边传递功率。At (t 0 -t 1 ), as shown in Figure 3, the first switch tube S 1 on the primary side is turned on, the first output rectifier diode D r1 on the secondary side is in the conduction state, and the second output rectifier diode D r2 on the secondary side bears Reverse voltage is off. Since the anti-shoot-through diode D 1 is always in the state of freewheeling, the two windings on the primary side of the high-frequency transformer T, the first primary winding N p1 and the second primary winding N p2 , are equivalently connected in parallel, so the high-frequency transformer T primary The voltage at both ends of the two windings on one side is clamped at the output voltage V o and fed back to the voltage value of the primary side nV o , the current i Lm1 of the excitation inductance L m1 of the first winding on the primary side rises linearly, and the second primary winding N p2 couples the first The voltage of a primary winding N p1 makes the current i Lm2 of the excitation inductance L m2 of the primary winding decrease linearly, the resonant inductance L r resonates with the first resonant capacitor C r1 and the second resonant capacitor C r2 , and the resonant inductance L The current i Lr of r is in the rising stage, the difference between the current i Lr of the resonant inductance L r and the sum of the excitation inductance L m1 current i Lm1 of the primary winding and the excitation inductance L m2 current i Lm2 of the second winding of the primary side passes through the high The two windings inside the frequency transformer T are shunted to obtain inp1 and inp2 , and 1/n times the sum of the absolute values of inp1 and inp2 is the current of the first output rectifier diode D r1 on the secondary side. In this stage, the input voltage source V in transmits power to the secondary side through the high-frequency transformer T.
(t1-t2)时刻，如图4所示，谐振电感电流iLr与原边第一绕组励磁电感Lm1电流iLm1和原边第二励磁电感Lm2电流iLm2之和(iLm1+iLm2)相等，副边第一输出整流二极管Dr1的电流idr1降为零，实现零电流关断，原边第一绕组励磁电感Lm1和原边第二绕组励磁电感Lm2并联参与谐振，此阶段为Lm1与Lm2并联电感与Lr串联(Lm1∥Lm2+Lr)参与谐振，由于第一绕组励磁电感Lm1和第二绕组励磁电感Lm2的电感值远远大于谐振电感Lr的值，因此，此阶段谐振周期远大于谐振电感Lr与第一谐振电容Cr1和第二谐振电容Cr2的谐振周期，此阶段电流可视为恒定不变状态。副边滤波电容Co向负载提供能量。(t 1 -t 2 ) moment, as shown in Figure 4, the sum of the resonant inductor current i Lr and the primary winding first winding excitation inductance L m1 current i Lm1 and the primary side second excitation inductance L m2 current i Lm2 (i Lm1 +i Lm2 ) are equal, the current i dr1 of the first output rectifier diode D r1 on the secondary side drops to zero, and zero current shutdown is realized. The excitation inductance L m1 of the first winding of the primary side and the excitation inductance L m2 of the second winding of the primary side participate in parallel Resonance, in this stage, L m1 and L m2 parallel inductance and L r in series (L m1 ∥ L m2 + L r ) participate in resonance, because the inductance values of the first winding excitation inductance L m1 and the second winding excitation inductance L m2 are much larger Depending on the value of the resonant inductance L r , therefore, the resonant cycle at this stage is much longer than the resonant cycle of the resonant inductance L r and the first resonant capacitor C r1 and the second resonant capacitor C r2 , and the current at this stage can be regarded as a constant state. The secondary filter capacitor C o provides energy to the load.
(t2-t3)时刻，如图5所示，原边第一开关管S1关断，原边第一绕组励磁电感Lm1电流以及谐振电感Lr的电流通过抗直通二极管D1以及第二功率开关管S2的寄生二极管续流，第二功率开关管S2实现软开通条件，第一励磁电感Lm1、第二励磁电感Lm2之和iLm1+iLm2开始下降，谐振电感Lr的电流iLr大于第一励磁电感Lm1、第二励磁电感Lm2之和iLm1+iLm2，此时副边第二输出整流二极管Dr2导通，高频变压器T两端电压反向被钳位，原边第一绕组励磁电感Lm1电流线性下降，原边第二绕组励磁电感Lm2电流线性上升，iLr与iLm1+iLm2的差值，通过高频变压器T传递到副边，因为inp1与inp2方向相反，因此inp1-inp2等于iLr与iLm1+iLm2的差值即inp1-inp2＝iLr-(iLm1+iLm2)，而inp1-inp2等于副边整流电流通过变压器耦合到原边的电流值，输入电压源Vin向副边传递功率。At time (t 2 -t 3 ), as shown in Figure 5, the first switch tube S 1 of the primary side is turned off, and the current of the excitation inductance L m1 of the first winding of the primary side and the current of the resonant inductance L r pass through the anti-shoot diode D 1 and The parasitic diode of the second power switch S 2 freewheels, the second power switch S 2 realizes the soft turn-on condition, the sum of the first excitation inductance L m1 and the second excitation inductance L m2 begins to decrease, and the resonant inductance The current i Lr of L r is greater than the sum of the first excitation inductance L m1 and the second excitation inductance L m2 i Lm1 +i Lm2 , at this time the second output rectifier diode D r2 on the secondary side is turned on, and the voltage across the high-frequency transformer T reverses To be clamped, the current of the excitation inductance L m1 of the first winding of the primary side decreases linearly, and the current of the excitation inductance L m2 of the second winding of the primary side increases linearly. The difference between i Lr and i Lm1 +i Lm2 is transmitted to Secondary side, because i np1 and i np2 have opposite directions, so i np1 -i np2 is equal to the difference between i Lr and i Lm1 +i Lm2 , that is, i np1 -i np2 =i Lr -(i Lm1 +i Lm2 ), and i np1 -i np2 is equal to the current value of the rectified current on the secondary side coupled to the primary side through the transformer, and the input voltage source V in transmits power to the secondary side.
t3时刻之后，如图6所示，原边第二开关管S2开通，实现零电压开通，因为原边第二开关管S2开通之后，其工作波形与原边第一开关管S1开通时的工作波形完全对称，因此后面的工作过程不在赘述。After time t3 , as shown in Figure 6, the second switching tube S2 on the primary side is turned on to realize zero-voltage switching on, because after the second switching tube S2 on the primary side is turned on, its working waveform is the same as that of the first switching tube S1 on the primary side. The working waveform when it is turned on is completely symmetrical, so the following working process will not be repeated.
根据上述工作过程的描述可知，本发明不存在桥臂直通隐患，可以显著提高变换器的可靠性，降低开关管电压应力，同时能够实现功率开关管以及输入整流管的软开关，提高变换器的效率。According to the description of the above working process, it can be known that the present invention does not have the hidden danger of bridge arm direct connection, can significantly improve the reliability of the converter, reduce the voltage stress of the switching tube, and at the same time realize the soft switching of the power switching tube and the input rectifier tube, and improve the reliability of the converter. efficiency.
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Application publication date: 20160504 |