CN100423384C - Single frequency tunable doped erbium optical fiber laser system - Google Patents
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- CN100423384C CN100423384C CNB2006101651170A CN200610165117A CN100423384C CN 100423384 C CN100423384 C CN 100423384C CN B2006101651170 A CNB2006101651170 A CN B2006101651170A CN 200610165117 A CN200610165117 A CN 200610165117A CN 100423384 C CN100423384 C CN 100423384C
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Abstract
An erbium-doped fiber laser of single frequency tunable type is prepared as forming a ring-form resonant cavity by the first wavelength division multiplexer, the first erbium-doped fiber, polarization controller, etc; forming light path unit by the first pumping light source, the first wavelength division multiplexer, coupler, the first piezoelectric ceramic, etc; forming treatment circuit unit by piezoelectric ceramic driving circuit, signal processing circuit, the first pumping light source driving circuit and the second pumping light source driving circuit.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of fiber laser, more particularly say, be meant a kind of single frequency tunable erbium-doped fiber Optical Maser System of single frequency operation LASER Light Source of utmost point narrow linewidth.
Background technology
Fiber laser has a wide range of applications in fields such as optical communication, sensing, spectroscopy.As far back as the sixties in last century, E.Snitzer has just found Nd
3+Laser emission phenomenon in the glass waveguide that mixes, then since the appearance of semiconductor laser make people diversion on it.The hot-quenching that Britain Southampton university has solved Er doping Active Optical Fiber up to the eighties problem of going out makes fiber amplifier become possibility.The success of fiber amplifier and moving to maturity has greatly driven the research of various fiber lasers.Hill had found optical fiber photosensitive grating phenomenon in 1978, and until the nineties in last century, the continuous maturation with ultraviolet (UV) writes Fiber Bragg Grating technology makes fiber grating become the splendid frequency-selector of fiber laser.From then on fiber laser has been broken away from the situation of bulk optical element as frequency-selector, makes the fiber laser miniaturization become possibility, and its reliability is greatly improved.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of single frequency tunable doped erbium optical fiber laser system, this fiber ring laser system makes laser frequency stabilization tunable by related longitudinal mode selection, live width compression, frequency stabilization and tuning scheduling theory and the technology of the single tunable erbium-doped fiber laser of polarization of single-frequency based on annular chamber.
The present invention is a kind of single frequency tunable erbium-doped fiber Optical Maser System, and first wavelength division multiplexer, second wavelength division multiplexer, first erbium-doped fiber, second erbium-doped fiber, Polarization Controller, first optical fiber circulator and Fiber Bragg Grating FBG have constituted a ring resonator in the described laser; First pump light source, second pump light source, first wavelength division multiplexer, second wavelength division multiplexer, first erbium-doped fiber, second erbium-doped fiber, Polarization Controller, first optical fiber circulator, second optical fiber circulator, Fiber Bragg Grating FBG, coupler, photo-detector, Brillouin scattering chamber, frequency mixer, first piezoelectric ceramic and second piezoelectric ceramic constitute the light path part in the described laser; Driver circuit for piezoelectric ceramics, signal processing circuit, the first pump light source drive circuit, the second pump light source drive circuit constitute the treatment circuit part in the described laser.
Described single frequency tunable doped erbium optical fiber laser system, its coupler, second optical fiber circulator, photo-detector, Brillouin scattering chamber, frequency mixer, first piezoelectric ceramic, second piezoelectric ceramic, driver circuit for piezoelectric ceramics form a closed loop frequency stabilization and longitudinal mode locking.
The advantage of single frequency tunable doped erbium optical fiber laser system of the present invention is: (1) has utmost point narrow linewidth, and as a kind of single longitudinal mode operation laser, live width can reach below the 1kHz, has very long coherence length; (2) can realize wideband frequency modulation, adopt piezoelectric ceramic that frequency-selector (grating) is carried out wavelength-modulated, can reach the adjustable extent of nanometer scale, be suitable for adopting frequency modulation continuous wave (FMCW) technology to detect; (3) the highly reliable and long-life because active media area/volume ratio is bigger, does not need cooling, only need control pumping source, and the life-span can reach 100,000 hours.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure chart of single frequency tunable doped erbium optical fiber laser of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of signal processing circuit of the present invention, driver circuit for piezoelectric ceramics.
Fig. 3 A is the schematic diagram of the present invention's first pump light source drive circuit.
Fig. 3 B is the schematic diagram of the present invention's second pump light source drive circuit.
Among the figure: 1. the first pump light source 2. first wave division multiplexers 3. first Er-doped fibers 4. Polarization Controllers 5. first optical fiber circulators 6. second Er-doped fibers 7. Fiber Bragg Grating FBGs 8. couplers 10. second optical fiber circulators 11. second pump light sources 12. Second Wave division multiplexers 13. photo-detectors 14. Brillouin scattering chambeies 15. frequency mixers, 16. first piezoelectric ceramics, 17. second piezoelectric ceramics, 18. driver circuit for piezoelectric ceramics, 19. signal processing circuits, 21. first pump light source drive circuits, 22. second pump light source drive circuits
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
The present invention is a kind of single frequency tunable doped erbium optical fiber laser system, by first pump light source 1, second pump light source 11, first wavelength division multiplexer 2, second wavelength division multiplexer 12, first Er-doped fiber 3, second Er-doped fiber 6, Polarization Controller 4, first optical fiber circulator 5, second optical fiber circulator 10, Fiber Bragg Grating FBG 7, coupler 8, photo-detector 13, Brillouin scattering chamber 14, frequency mixer 15, first piezoelectric ceramic 16, second piezoelectric ceramic 17, driver circuit for piezoelectric ceramics 18, signal processing circuit 19, the first pump light source drive circuit 21, the second pump light source drive circuit 22 is formed; In the present invention, can be divided into light path part and circuit part according to the function difference, light path part is by fused fiber splice, and circuit part is signal of telecommunication connection.
In the present invention, be connected with optical fiber between the A of first pump light source 1 and first wavelength division multiplexer 2 end, the C end of first wavelength division multiplexer 2 and the fine welding of going into of Polarization Controller 4, the B end and 3 weldings of first Er-doped fiber of first wavelength division multiplexer 2; Be connected with optical fiber between the A end of second pump light source 11 and second wavelength division multiplexer 12, the C end of second wavelength division multiplexer 12 is held welding with the B of first optical fiber circulator 5, the B end and 3 weldings of first Er-doped fiber of second wavelength division multiplexer 12; The A end welding of the tail optical fiber of Polarization Controller 4 and first optical fiber circulator 5, the C end of first optical fiber circulator 5 and an end welding of second Er-doped fiber 6, an end welding of second Er-doped fiber, 6 other ends and Fiber Bragg Grating FBG 7; These devices (first wavelength division multiplexer 2, second wavelength division multiplexer 12, first Er-doped fiber 3, second Er-doped fiber 6, Polarization Controller 4, first optical fiber circulator 5 and Fiber Bragg Grating FBG 7) have constituted a ring resonator, and this ring resonator is used to produce narrow-linewidth laser.Be connected with optical fiber between the A end of the other end of Fiber Bragg Grating FBG 7 and coupler 8, be connected with optical fiber between the B end of coupler 8 and the A end of second optical fiber circulator 10, be connected with optical fiber between the B end of second optical fiber circulator 10 and the photo-detector 13, be connected with optical fiber between the C end of second optical fiber circulator 10 and the output in Brillouin scattering chamber 14; The C end output single frequency tunable laser beam of coupler 8; Be connected with optical fiber between photo-detector 13 and the frequency mixer 15; Be connected with optical fiber between second Er-doped fiber 6 and first piezoelectric ceramic 16, be connected with optical fiber between the Fiber Bragg Grating FBG 7 and second piezoelectric ceramic 17; Described device (first pump light source 1, second pump light source 11, first wavelength division multiplexer 2, second wavelength division multiplexer 12, first Er-doped fiber 3, second Er-doped fiber 6, Polarization Controller 4, first optical fiber circulator 5, second optical fiber circulator 10, Fiber Bragg Grating FBG 7, coupler 8, photo-detector 13, Brillouin scattering chamber 14, frequency mixer 15, first piezoelectric ceramic 16 and second piezoelectric ceramic 17) constitutes the described light path part among the present invention.
In the present invention, coupler 8, second optical fiber circulator 10, photo-detector 13, Brillouin scattering chamber 14, frequency mixer 15, first piezoelectric ceramic 16, second piezoelectric ceramic 17, driver circuit for piezoelectric ceramics 18 form a closed loop frequency stabilization and longitudinal mode locking.Have utmost point narrow linewidth, as a kind of single longitudinal mode operation laser, live width can reach below the 1kHz, has very long coherence length.
In the present invention, first wavelength division multiplexer 2 and second wavelength division multiplexer 12 are chosen two wave-length division multiplexers, and signal processing circuit 19 is chosen dsp processor TMS320F series.
Connection among the present invention between the circuit part is: 25,34,40,92,93 ends of signal processing circuit 19 connect with 16,18,19,22,23 ends of driver circuit for piezoelectric ceramics 18 respectively, and 174 ends of signal processing circuit 19 connect with the output signal end of frequency mixer 15; 13 ends of driver circuit for piezoelectric ceramics 18 connect with 2 ends of the second pump light source drive circuit 22,14 ends of driver circuit for piezoelectric ceramics 18 connect with 2 ends of the first pump light source drive circuit 21,10 ends of driver circuit for piezoelectric ceramics 18 connect with 2 ends of the operational amplifier U8 of second piezoelectric ceramic 17 after resistance R 1, and 12 ends of driver circuit for piezoelectric ceramics 18 connect with 2 ends of the operational amplifier U7 of first piezoelectric ceramic 16 after resistance R 2; 2 ends of operational amplifier U8 and 6 ends are in series with resistance R 3,3 end ground connection, and 4 terminations-12V voltage are connected to capacitor C 11,7 terminations+12V voltage between ground and 4 ends, are connected to capacitor C 10,6 ends between ground and 7 ends and connect with second piezoelectric ceramic 17; 2 ends of operational amplifier U7 and 6 ends are in series with resistance R 4,3 end ground connection, and 4 terminations-12V voltage are connected to capacitor C 9,7 terminations+12V voltage between ground and 4 ends, are connected to capacitor C 8,6 ends between ground and 7 ends and connect with first piezoelectric ceramic 16.
In the present invention, light source driving circuit comprises high-precision constant flow source circuit, and light source tube core temperature-control circuit is formed.High-precision constant flow source circuit provides stable electric current output, makes light source output power stable; The thermo-sensitive resistor of light source tube core temperature-control circuit utilization stablizing tube core is operated in tube core under the stable temperature environment, makes light source works not be subjected to externally temperature influence, and power output is more stable.The connection of each terminal as shown in Figure 3A, be connected with resistance R 6 between the first via analog control voltage signal of D/A change-over circuit output and the driver circuit for piezoelectric ceramics 18, resistance R 6 other ends connect with the inverting input 2 of operational amplifier 21, the output 1 of operational amplifier 21 connects with resistance R 5, resistance R 5 other ends connect with the inverting input 2 of operational amplifier U2A, the output 1 of operational amplifier U2A connects with the base stage of triode Q1, the emitter of triode Q1 connects with resistance R 9, the grounded collector of triode Q1, the other end of resistance R 9 links to each other with first pump light source 1, resistance R 10 1 ends connect with resistance R 9, resistance R 10 other ends connect with resistance R 5, resistance R 7 one ends connect with resistance R 5, resistance R 7 other ends connect with resistance R 6, resistance R 8 one ends connect with resistance R 6, resistance R 8 other ends connect with resistance R 9, wherein, resistance R 10 is the feedback resistance of operational amplifier U2A, resistance R 7 is the feedback resistance of operational amplifier 21, resistance R 9 and the resistance R 8 common feedback resistances that constitute operational amplifier U2A and operational amplifier 21.Shown in Fig. 3 B, be connected with resistance R 11 between the second road analog control voltage signal of D/A change-over circuit output and the driver circuit for piezoelectric ceramics 18, resistance R 11 other ends connect with the inverting input 2 of operational amplifier 22, the output 1 of operational amplifier 22 connects with resistance R 12, resistance R 12 other ends connect with the inverting input 2 of operational amplifier U2B, the output 1 of operational amplifier U2B connects with the base stage of triode Q2, the emitter of triode Q2 connects with resistance R 15, the grounded collector of triode Q2, the other end of resistance R 15 links to each other with second pump light source 11, resistance R 16 1 ends connect with resistance R 15, resistance R 16 other ends connect with resistance R 12, resistance R 13 1 ends connect with resistance R 12, resistance R 13 other ends connect with resistance R 11, resistance R 14 1 ends connect with resistance R 11, resistance R 14 other ends connect with resistance R 15, wherein, resistance R 16 is the feedback resistance of operational amplifier U2B, resistance R 13 is the feedback resistance of operational amplifier 22, resistance R 15 and the resistance R 14 common feedback resistances that constitute operational amplifier U2B and operational amplifier 22.Constant-current source circuit adopts integrated transporting discharging and triode in conjunction with constituting the broadband voltage controlled current source, and light source tube core temperature-control circuit adopts the electric bridge that is made of thermistor to control the light source die temperature.
In the present invention, being transmitted as of light path: first pump light source, 1 output pump light enters in first Er-doped fiber 3 by first wavelength division multiplexer 2, and second pump light source, 11 output pump lights enter in first Er-doped fiber 3 by second wavelength division multiplexer 12; Propagate at the fluorescence of first Er-doped fiber, 3 absorptive pumping light generation and along counter clockwise direction and clockwise direction; The fluorescence that clockwise direction is propagated is through entering the A end of first optical fiber circulator 5 after the Polarization Controller 4; Counterclockwise the fluorescence of propagating enters the B end of first optical fiber circulator 5 after second wavelength division multiplexer 12, and the fluorescence that enters through the B end is dissipated in first optical fiber circulator 5; Enter in the Bragg grating 7 after by the fluorescence of the C of first optical fiber circulator 5 end output by second Er-doped fiber 6, part light in Fiber Bragg Grating FBG 7 is output reflection light after reflection, and reverberation enters in first optical fiber circulator 5 by second Er-doped fiber 6 again; Part light in Bragg grating 7 is exported transmitted light and is given coupler 8 after transmission, output single frequency tunable laser beam after coupler 8 couplings.
The closed loop frequency stabilization of single frequency optical fiber laser of the present invention and the main contents of tuning scheme are as follows:
1) designed fiber laser adopts two PZT (i.e. first piezoelectric ceramic 16, second piezoelectric ceramic 17) to carry out the frequency stabilization and the frequency tuning of zlasing mode/wavelength; Adopt the technology of PZT as tuning single frequency optical fiber laser frequency.This method has simple and reliable characteristics, adopts rational structure can make response speed reach the requirement of certain applications field frequency-tracking, can guarantee that again it keeps robustness in employed temperature, vibration environment.
2) extract 5% (splitting ratio 5: 95) laser and enter behind circulator 10 in the Brillouin scattering chamber 14, the Stokes light of its reflection becomes the RF signal after photo-detector 13 receives, with an intrinsic microwave signal f
0Carry out mixing, its difference frequency signal (f-f
0) export on the interior A/D of sheet of signal processing circuit 19, after A/D is converted to digital quantity signal in sheet, described digital quantity signal is after the sheet internal program of signal processing circuit 19 is made negative-feedback process, the output controlled quentity controlled variable is given driver circuit for piezoelectric ceramics 18, and driver circuit for piezoelectric ceramics 18 output two-way drive signals (first via drive signal, the second tunnel drive signal) are used for driving the resonant cavity of PZT with the control fiber laser;
3) the catoptrical frequency signal f of Stokes changes with the wavelength signals that fiber laser produces, and has therefore just departed from when zlasing mode generation saltus step and the corresponding Stokes frequency f of former setting wavelength
0, behind microwave mixer, just can obtain a difference frequency component (f-f
0), and the Stokes frequency f
0For swashing, required fiber laser penetrates the corresponding microwave frequency of light frequency, and can be by the microwave signal conduct of a fixed frequency, i.e. intrinsic microwave signal f
0
4) chamber of the FEEDBACK CONTROL fiber laser of process PZT is long, makes the fiber mode saltus step be inhibited.The overall optical fibre laser has been formed closed-loop control system, can ensure that fiber ring laser system long-time (after tested, can spend service time reach more than 100,000 hours) stablize single frequency operation, change intrinsic microwave signal f
0, can be by the frequency tuning of closed-loop structure acquisition to fiber laser.
In the present invention, adopting the highly doped bait ytterbium of high concentration to be mixed with the source fiber optic applications altogether in the system of single frequency tunable erbium-doped fiber laser, is super-narrow line width fiber laser one of the parts of core the most as the rare earth-doped fiber of gain media.Traditional unit gain of mixing the bait silica fiber is lower owing to the restriction of the concentration quenching that is subjected to the bait ion.Have the fluorescent emission bandwidth of broad and higher stimulated emission cross section though mix the bait tellurate glass, relatively poor glass heat stability, serious last conversion phenomena and expensive price limit its application.Phosphate glass, fluorphosphate glass particularly, have better chemical stability and thermal stability, lower phonon energy, the infrared transmission performance of broad and big inhomogeneous broadening characteristic, make it become the perfect medium material that very promising realization wide band high-gain amplifies er doped silica glasses.Under 980nm pump light pumping condition, because the Yb3+ ion is that the zone of 980nm has much larger than the absorption cross-section of Er3+ ion at wavelength, the sensibilization by Yb3+ can improve pumping efficiency greatly.Parameter (doping content, core diameter, numerical aperture, length etc.), pump mode (forward direction pumping, backward pump, two directional pump and compound pumping thereof), optical fiber coupling and length thereof by studying novel high concentration bait ytterbium co-doped fiber, pump power, reflection cavity reflectivity, output coupling ratio etc. are to the Effect on Performance such as threshold power, power output and laser linewidth of super-narrow line width fiber laser, seek suitable above-mentioned parameter, the Rational structure in design single frequency tunable erbium-doped fiber laser active gain district.
Single frequency tunable erbium-doped fiber laser also has optical fiber output, uses flexibly, and excellent characteristics such as can work under rugged environment is applicable to fields such as high-end test, transducer, scientific research.Main Military Application background has: resonator fiber optic gyroscope, micro photo-electro-mechanical (MOEMS) gyro, high accuracy distribution type fiber-optic hydrophone, laser indication and military range finding, optical fiber sound, vibration-sensing system, dry type imaging laser radar, optical frequency domain reflectometer, inter-satellite coherent laser communication etc. mutually.
Claims (4)
1. a single frequency tunable doped erbium optical fiber laser system is characterized in that: by first pump light source (1), second pump light source (11), first wavelength division multiplexer (2), second wavelength division multiplexer (12), first Er-doped fiber (3), second Er-doped fiber (6), Polarization Controller (4), first optical fiber circulator (5), second optical fiber circulator (10), Fiber Bragg Grating FBG (7), coupler (8), photo-detector (13), Brillouin scattering chamber (14), frequency mixer (15), first piezoelectric ceramic (16), second piezoelectric ceramic (17), driver circuit for piezoelectric ceramics (18), signal processing circuit (19), the first pump light source drive circuit (21), the second pump light source drive circuit (22) is formed;
Be connected with optical fiber between the A end of first pump light source (1) and first wavelength division multiplexer (2), the C end of first wavelength division multiplexer (2) and the fine welding of going into of Polarization Controller (4), the B end and first Er-doped fiber (3) welding of first wavelength division multiplexer (2); Be connected with optical fiber between the A end of second pump light source (11) and second wavelength division multiplexer (12), the C end of second wavelength division multiplexer (12) is held welding with the B of first optical fiber circulator (5), the B end and first Er-doped fiber (3) welding of second wavelength division multiplexer (12); The A end welding of the tail optical fiber of Polarization Controller (4) and first optical fiber circulator (5), the C end of first optical fiber circulator (5) and an end welding of second Er-doped fiber (6), an end welding of second Er-doped fiber (6) other end and Fiber Bragg Grating FBG (7); Be connected with optical fiber between the A end of the other end of Fiber Bragg Grating FBG (7) and coupler (8), be connected with optical fiber between the B end of coupler (8) and the A end of second optical fiber circulator (10), be connected with optical fiber between the B end of second optical fiber circulator (10) and the photo-detector (13), be connected with optical fiber between the C end of second optical fiber circulator (10) and the output of Brillouin scattering chamber (14); The C end output single frequency tunable laser beam of coupler (8); Be connected with optical fiber between photo-detector (13) and the frequency mixer (15); Be connected with optical fiber between second Er-doped fiber (6) and first piezoelectric ceramic (16), be connected with optical fiber between Fiber Bragg Grating FBG (7) and second piezoelectric ceramic (17);
Signal processing circuit (19) adopts the signal of telecommunication to connect with the first pump light source drive circuit (21), the second pump light source drive circuit (22), driver circuit for piezoelectric ceramics (18), driver circuit for piezoelectric ceramics (18) output first drive signal is given first piezoelectric ceramic (16), and driver circuit for piezoelectric ceramics (18) output second drive signal is given second piezoelectric ceramic (17).
2. single frequency tunable doped erbium optical fiber laser system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: coupler (8), second optical fiber circulator (10), photo-detector (13), Brillouin scattering chamber (14), frequency mixer (15), first piezoelectric ceramic (16), second piezoelectric ceramic (17), driver circuit for piezoelectric ceramics (18) form a closed loop frequency stabilization and longitudinal mode locking.
3. single frequency tunable doped erbium optical fiber laser system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: first wavelength division multiplexer (2), second wavelength division multiplexer (12), first Er-doped fiber (3), second Er-doped fiber (6), Polarization Controller (4), first optical fiber circulator (5) and Fiber Bragg Grating FBG (7) constitute a ring resonator.
4. single frequency tunable doped erbium optical fiber laser system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: first wavelength division multiplexer (2) and second wavelength division multiplexer (12) are chosen two wave-length division multiplexers; Signal processing circuit (19) is chosen dsp processor TMS320F series.
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| CN103259175B (en) * | 2013-05-04 | 2016-08-10 | 北京航空航天大学 | Tunable narrow-linewidth optical fiber laser based on gap tunable phase shift fiber grating |
| CN103389084B (en) * | 2013-07-19 | 2015-09-30 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Based on the resonance type optical fiber gyro of two coupled fiber ring resonator coherence effect |
| CN103490272B (en) * | 2013-09-11 | 2015-11-18 | 上海交通大学 | Amplitude modified frequency is adjustable 2um SF pulse optical fibre laser |
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