CN106248248A - A kind of thermometry based on thin-core fibers Mach-Zehnder interferometer - Google Patents
A kind of thermometry based on thin-core fibers Mach-Zehnder interferometer Download PDFInfo
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- CN106248248A CN106248248A CN201610847995.4A CN201610847995A CN106248248A CN 106248248 A CN106248248 A CN 106248248A CN 201610847995 A CN201610847995 A CN 201610847995A CN 106248248 A CN106248248 A CN 106248248A
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- thin
- rare earth
- core fibers
- optical fibre
- earth doped
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K11/00—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00
- G01K11/32—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00 using changes in transmittance, scattering or luminescence in optical fibres
Abstract
The invention provides a kind of thermometry based on thin-core fibers Mach-Zehnder interferometer, described measuring method comprises the following steps: a) build thin-core fibers Mach-Zehnder interferometer, and thin-core fibers Mach-Zehnder interferometer is sequentially connected with pumping source, a wavelength division multiplexer and thin-core fibers Mach once moral structure；Thin-core fibers Mach once moral structure includes one section of thin-core fibers, the first rare earth doped optical fibre and the second rare earth doped optical fibre, thin-core fibers welding is between the first rare earth doped optical fibre and the second rare earth doped optical fibre, and the first rare earth doped optical fibre and the second rare earth doped optical fibre are as the gain media of optical fiber laser；B) described thin-core fibers Mach once moral structure is fixed with matrix material；C) temperature level is gradually changed, the length that record comb spectrum moves, draw the change curve of comb spectrum movable length and temperature level；D) externally add temperature by the change curve of described comb spectrum movable length with temperature level to measure.
Description
The cross reference of patent
This application claims what on October 13rd, 2015 submitted to, the Chinese invention patent Shen of application number CN201510670316.6
Preference please.
Technical field
The present invention relates to fibre optic interferometer field, in particular to a kind of based on thin-core fibers Mach-Zehnder interferometer
Thermometry.
Background technology
Generally, the sensor of all-fiber has compact conformation, length in service life, sensitive to test volume, transmission channel is many
The fields such as Fibre Optical Sensor, fiber optic communication, optical manufacturing it are widely used in etc. advantage.By fiber end face micro-processing technology or take
Building the full-fiber sensor with interference structure, under pumping source effect, output has the interference spectrum curve of comb spectrum pattern.Existing
Having a kind of Mach-Zehnder interferometer based on twin-core fiber in technology, interference fringe lining amplitude ratio to be about 10dBm, fringe spacing is about
For 2nm.Two three-dB couplers are made Mach-Zehnder interference system, in conjunction with twin-core fiber, constitutes the Mach of two-stage structure-once
Deccan interferometer, striped lining amplitude ratio is about 30dBm.
Thin-core fibers Mach-Zehnder optical fiber sensor construction is simple and is easily achieved, and this structure is melted by one section of thin-core fibers
It is connected in two sections of the thickest rare earth doped optical fibre optical fiber of core diameter, it is possible to obtain the interference spectrum of comb spectrum pattern the most accurately
Curve, accordingly, it would be desirable to by one based on thin-core fibers Mach-Zehnder interferometer temperature carried out accurate, measure efficiently.
Summary of the invention
According to the invention provides a kind of thermometry based on thin-core fibers Mach-Zehnder interferometer, described survey
Metering method comprises the following steps:
B) building described thin-core fibers Mach-Zehnder interferometer, described thin-core fibers Mach-Zehnder interferometer passes through grating
Optical fiber is sequentially connected with pumping source, a wavelength division multiplexer and thin-core fibers Mach-Zehnder structure；Described thin-core fibers Mach-
Once moral structure included one section of thin-core fibers, the first rare earth doped optical fibre and the second rare earth doped optical fibre, described thin-core fibers welding
Between the first rare earth doped optical fibre and the second rare earth doped optical fibre, described first rare earth doped optical fibre and the second rare earth doped light
The fine gain media as optical fiber laser；
B) being fixed with matrix material by described thin-core fibers Mach-Zehnder structure, being placed in variations in temperature can
In the environment of control；
C) temperature level is gradually changed, the length that record comb spectrum moves, draw comb spectrum movable length and temperature level
Change curve；
D) by the change curve of described comb spectrum movable length with temperature level, temperature is measured.
Preferably, described pumping source passes through a laser diode as optical fiber laser.
Preferably, described first rare earth doped optical fibre and doping light that the second rare earth doped optical fibre is doped with rare-earth elements
Fibre, for the gain of optical fiber laser.
Preferably, described wavelength division multiplexer for entering the first rare earth doped optical fibre by coupling pump light.
Preferably, the fixing method described in step b) is by described thin-core fibers, the first rare earth doped optical fibre and the
Two rare earth doped optical fibres are integrated with matrix material combinations, and the environment being placed in controllable temperature change carries out temperature calibration, described mark
Determine process and use the one controlled in the raising continuously or reduce continuously of temperature.
Preferably, described comb spectrum movable length and the change curve of temperature level are by linear fit or least square
Method is fitted.
Preferably, described first rare earth doped optical fibre and the second doped with rare-earth elements optical fiber are selected from Er-doped fiber, mix ytterbium light
Fibre or the one of erbium-ytterbium co-doped fiber.A kind of temperature based on thin-core fibers Mach-Zehnder interferometer provided by the present invention
Measuring method measures precise and high efficiency, it is easy to operation, it is possible to be suitable in multiple applications.
Should be appreciated that aforementioned description substantially is exemplary illustration and explanation with follow-up detailed description, should not
It is used as the restriction of content claimed to the present invention.
Accompanying drawing explanation
With reference to the accompanying drawing enclosed, as follows by by embodiment of the present invention of the more purpose of the present invention, function and advantage
Description is illustrated, wherein:
Fig. 1 diagrammatically illustrates the temperature measuring structure schematic diagram of thin-core fibers Mach-Zehnder interferometer of the present invention；
Fig. 2 shows the welding schematic diagram of thin-core fibers of the present invention and grating fibers；
Fig. 3 shows the flow chart of present invention thermometry based on thin-core fibers Mach-Zehnder interferometer；
Fig. 4 shows the curve that in one embodiment of the invention, comb spectrum changes with temperature level.
Detailed description of the invention
By with reference to one exemplary embodiment, the purpose of the present invention and function and for realizing the side of these purposes and function
Method will be illustrated.But, the present invention is not limited to one exemplary embodiment disclosed below；Can be come by multi-form
It is realized.The essence of description is only the detail helping the various equivalent modifications Integrated Understanding present invention.
Hereinafter, embodiments of the invention will be described with reference to the drawings.In the accompanying drawings, identical reference represents identical
Or similar parts, or same or similar step.
The present embodiment describes a kind of thermometry based on thin-core fibers Mach-Zehnder interferometer, such as Fig. 1 in detail
The temperature measuring structure schematic diagram of shown thin-core fibers Mach-Zehnder interferometer of the present invention, described thin-core fibers Mach-Zehnder is done
Interferometer includes that a laser diode is as 101, wavelength division multiplexer (WDM) 102 of pumping source of optical fiber laser and thin
Core fibre Mach-Zehnder structure, described thin-core fibers Mach-Zehnder structure includes that one section of thin-core fibers 104, first is rear-earth-doped
Optical fiber 103 and the second rare earth doped fiber 105, the welding of described thin-core fibers 104 is dilute at the first rare earth doped optical fibre 103 and the second doping
Between soil optical fiber 105.First rare earth doped optical fibre 103 and the second rare earth doped optical fibre use the doped fiber of doped with rare-earth elements
As the gain media of optical fiber laser, the first rare earth doped optical fibre 103 and the second doped with rare-earth elements optical fiber 105 are selected from er-doped
The one of optical fiber, Yb dosed optical fiber or erbium-ytterbium co-doped fiber, wavelength division multiplexer 102 for entering the first doping by coupling pump light
Rare earth doped fiber 103.
Thin-core fibers Mach-Zehnder structure is integrated with matrix material 107 fixed Combination, is placed in the ring of controllable temperature change
In border 106, can be the continuous rising to temperature in certain embodiments, can be the company to temperature in further embodiments
Continuous reduction.The environment 106 of variations in temperature is controlled by temperature controller 108 by the present embodiment, makes temperature raise continuously.
The present embodiment thin-core fibers the 104, first rare earth doped optical fibre 103 and the second rare earth doped optical fibre 105 pass through grating
Optical fiber is serially connected, and thin-core fibers the most of the present invention and the welding schematic diagram of grating fibers, with thin-core fibers 202 phase
The grating fibers of welding is divided into the first grating fibers 201 and the second grating fibers 203, thin-core fibers the 202, first grating fibers mutually
201 and second grating fibers 203 by fibre coating, fibre cladding and fiber cores form, exemplary the giving of the present embodiment accompanying drawing 2
Go out the fibre coating 205 of the second grating fibers 203, fibre cladding 206 and fiber cores 207.
It should be noted that, the first rare earth doped optical fibre the 103, second rare earth doped optical fibre 105 and the first grating fibers
201 and second the core diameter size of grating fibers 203 should be greater than the core diameter size of thin-core fibers 104 (202).
Below for thermometry mistake based on thin-core fibers Mach-Zehnder interferometer in one embodiment of the invention
Light path and the change of comb spectrum length in journey are given and illustrate:
Total light intensity I is
Wherein I1、I2WithIt is respectively fibre core and the light intensity of covering and phase shift difference in thin-core fibers, and
Wherein, n1And n2It is respectively fibre core and the effective refractive index of covering, L1And L2It is respectively light beam in fibre core and covering
The length of transmission.Owing to interfering arm lengths equal, and there is refractive indices n, then have
From formula 1 and formula 3, the peak value in transmission spectrum occurs meeting at the wavelength of following formula, and wherein m is integer
2 π L Δ n/ λ=2m π (4)
Through simplifying, formula 4 is expressed as
M=L Δ n/ λ (5)
λ in formula 5 is carried out derivation can obtain
Δ m/ Δ λ=-L Δ n/ λ2 (6)
Taking Δ m=1, obtaining the wavelength interval of adjacent peak in af at wavelength lambda transmission spectrum is
| Δ λ |=λ2/LΔn (7)
From formula 7, thin-core fibers Mach-Zehnder of the present invention is combed dry in the comb spectrum of interferometer, the wavelength of adjacent peak
It is spaced relevant with the refractivity of covering with centre wavelength, thin-core fibers length and fibre core.When centre wavelength one timing, adjacent peak
The wavelength interval of value is the function of thin-core fibers length and fibre core and bag index differential between layers.
Apply this comb spectrum to carry out sensing testing, caused matrix material to deform when interferometer affects by temperature, thus draw
Playing two-arm optical path difference when changing, interfere comb spectrum to change, interference fringe produces mobile.
In order to present invention thermometry based on thin-core fibers Mach-Zehnder interferometer is more clearly described, this
Embodiment combines the flow process of actual temp measuring method and illustrates, and the present invention is based on thin-core fibers Mach-Zehnder as shown in Figure 3
The flow chart of the thermometry of interferometer；Thermometry based on thin-core fibers Mach-Zehnder interferometer include as
Lower step:
Step 301, build thin-core fibers Mach-Zehnder interferometer, welding Mach-Zehnder structure；
Step 302, thin core Mach-Zehnder structure is fixed with matrix material, be placed in the environment of controllable temperature change；
Step 303, by temperature controller, temperature is controlled, gradually rises temperature, the length that record comb spectrum moves
Degree, draws the change curve of comb spectrum movable length and temperature level；Wherein comb spectrum movable length and the change of temperature level
Curve negotiating linear fit or method of least square are fitted, and in the present embodiment, the fit procedure of curve uses least square to intend
Close, by equation
Association type (8) and formula (9) solve and obtain a0And a1, construct the approximating function meeting square approach condition.
F (x)=a0+a1x (10)
Step 304, change curve by comb spectrum movable length with temperature level externally add temperature and measure, such as figure
The curve that in one embodiment of the invention shown in 4, comb spectrum changes with temperature level.
Needing associated fiber is carried out parameter coupling according to the present invention, design parameter includes but not limited to pumping wavelength, ripple
Division multiplexer, laser emitting wavelength and the coupling of optical fiber parameter.In the present embodiment, parameter is as shown in table 1:
Table 1 is according to the kind optical fiber parameter based on thin-core fibers Mach-Zehnder interferometer of the present invention
According to the present invention, the core diameter of rare earth doped optical fibre is determined by the Active Optical Fiber used, and covering core diameter is preferably 125
μm, the core diameter of fiber core can select 4 μm, 8 μm or 10 μm, preferably 10/125 μm.Choose according to selected core diameter
FLM, WDM, LD tail optical fiber core diameter joined.The pumping wavelength that Er-doped fiber is mated can use 980nm or 1480nm, Yb dosed optical fiber
Pumping wavelength can use 976nm or 915nm, and the pumping wavelength of erbium-ytterbium co-doped fiber can use 976nm, joins according to wavelength and core diameter
Number further determines that the parameter of FLM, WDM.The optical maser wavelength of final outgoing in the certain gain ranging of Active Optical Fiber (such as 1530-
1560nm) determined by the reflection wavelength of bragg grating.The typical exit wavelength of Yb dosed optical fiber is 1535nm, Er-doped fiber
Typical exit wavelength be 1064nm, the typical exit wavelength of erbium-ytterbium co-doped fiber is 1550nm.
Such as, in the present embodiment, if selecting core diameter is that 10/125 μm Er-doped fiber is as gain media, LD tail optical fiber, WDM
Same model core diameter need to be chosen with FLM.LD output wavelength 976nm, WDM operation wavelength 976/1550nm, FLM operation wavelength
1550nm, FBG selection range is 1530nm-1560nm, can obtain laser output within the range.If selection core diameter is in experiment
10/125 μm Yb dosed optical fiber is as gain media, and LD tail optical fiber, WDM and FLM need to choose same model core diameter.LD is 915nm single mode
Output, WDM operation wavelength 915/1064nm, FLM operation wavelength 1064nm, FBG chooses near 1064nm, can obtain within the range
Obtain laser output.
A kind of based on thin-core fibers Mach-Zehnder interferometer thermometry according to the present invention is measured the highest
Effect, it is easy to operation, it is possible to be suitable in multiple applications.
In conjunction with explanation and the practice of the present invention disclosed here, other embodiments of the present invention are for those skilled in the art
All it is easy to expect and understand.Illustrating and embodiment is to be considered only as exemplary, true scope and the purport of the present invention are equal
It is defined in the claims.
Claims (7)
1. a thermometry based on thin-core fibers Mach-Zehnder interferometer, it is characterised in that described measuring method bag
Include following steps:
A) building described thin-core fibers Mach-Zehnder interferometer, described thin-core fibers Mach-Zehnder interferometer passes through grating fibers
It is sequentially connected with pumping source, a wavelength division multiplexer and thin-core fibers Mach-Zehnder structure；Described thin-core fibers Mach-Zehnder
Structure includes one section of thin-core fibers, the first rare earth doped optical fibre and the second rare earth doped optical fibre, and described thin-core fibers welding is
Between one rare earth doped optical fibre and the second rare earth doped optical fibre, described first rare earth doped optical fibre and the second rare earth doped optical fibre are made
Gain media for optical fiber laser；
B) described thin-core fibers Mach-Zehnder structure is fixed with matrix material, be placed in the environment that variations in temperature is controlled；
C) temperature level is gradually changed, the length that record comb spectrum moves, draw the change of comb spectrum movable length and temperature level
Change curve；
D) by the change curve of described comb spectrum movable length with temperature level, temperature is measured.
Thermometry the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described pumping source passes through laser two pole
Pipe is as optical fiber laser.
Thermometry the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described first rare earth doped optical fibre and second is mixed
Miscellaneous rare earth doped fiber is the doped fiber of doped with rare-earth elements, for the gain of optical fiber laser.
Thermometry the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described wavelength division multiplexer is for by pump light
It is coupled into the first rare earth doped optical fibre.
Thermometry the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the fixing method described in step b) be by
Described thin-core fibers, the first rare earth doped optical fibre and the second rare earth doped optical fibre are integrated with matrix material combinations, are placed in controlled
The environment of variations in temperature carries out temperature calibration, in the rising continuously of described calibration process employing control temperature or continuous reduction
Kind.
Thermometry the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described comb spectrum movable length and temperature level
Change curve be fitted by linear fit or method of least square.
Thermometry the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that described first rare earth doped optical fibre and second is mixed
Miscellaneous rare earth element optical fiber is selected from Er-doped fiber, Yb dosed optical fiber or the one of erbium-ytterbium co-doped fiber.
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| CN201510670316 | 2015-10-13 | ||
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107748018A (en) * | 2017-09-27 | 2018-03-02 | 西北大学 | Fiber Bragg Grating temperature bend sensor based on Mach Zehnder interferometry |
| CN108195484A (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2018-06-22 | 北京信息科技大学 | One kind is based on tunable optical fiber laser Research on Automatic Measuring System of Temperature and its test method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107748018A (en) * | 2017-09-27 | 2018-03-02 | 西北大学 | Fiber Bragg Grating temperature bend sensor based on Mach Zehnder interferometry |
| CN108195484A (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2018-06-22 | 北京信息科技大学 | One kind is based on tunable optical fiber laser Research on Automatic Measuring System of Temperature and its test method |
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