CN111129923B - Single-frequency and single-polarization optical fiber distributed feedback laser - Google Patents

Single-frequency and single-polarization optical fiber distributed feedback laser Download PDF

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CN111129923B
CN111129923B CN201911324604.0A CN201911324604A CN111129923B CN 111129923 B CN111129923 B CN 111129923B CN 201911324604 A CN201911324604 A CN 201911324604A CN 111129923 B CN111129923 B CN 111129923B
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fiber
distributed feedback
grating
photonic crystal
optical fiber
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CN111129923A (en
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施进丹
冯宪
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Jiangsu Normal University
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
    • H01S3/06—Construction or shape of active medium
    • H01S3/063—Waveguide lasers, i.e. whereby the dimensions of the waveguide are of the order of the light wavelength
    • H01S3/067—Fibre lasers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
    • H01S3/06—Construction or shape of active medium
    • H01S3/063—Waveguide lasers, i.e. whereby the dimensions of the waveguide are of the order of the light wavelength
    • H01S3/067—Fibre lasers
    • H01S3/0675—Resonators including a grating structure, e.g. distributed Bragg reflectors [DBR] or distributed feedback [DFB] fibre lasers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
    • H01S3/08—Construction or shape of optical resonators or components thereof
    • H01S3/08018—Mode suppression
    • H01S3/0804—Transverse or lateral modes
    • H01S3/08045—Single-mode emission

Abstract

The invention discloses a single-frequency and single-polarization optical fiber distributed feedback laser, wherein two sides of a photonic crystal fiber DFB grating are respectively welded with a wavelength division multiplexer through optical fibers; the other side of the wavelength division multiplexer at one side is welded with the pump source and the optical fiber coupler through optical fibers, the other side of the optical fiber coupler is welded with the optical fiber isolator and the photoelectric detector through optical fibers, and the other side of the optical fiber isolator is connected with a reverse output laser signal port; the other side of the wavelength division multiplexer on the other side is connected with the forward output laser signal port through the optical fiber fusion residual pump and the optical fiber isolator. The invention is composed of a single distributed feedback fiber grating with pi phase shift, so the fiber distributed feedback laser has small volume, the output laser is a single transverse mode and single polarization narrow linewidth light source, the monochromaticity is good, the coherence length is long, the output power is stable, the influence of the factors of temperature change, vibration, bending and the like of the environment is small, and the fiber distributed feedback laser has higher practicability.

Description

Single-frequency and single-polarization optical fiber distributed feedback laser
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fiber lasers, in particular to a single-frequency and single-polarization fiber distributed feedback laser.
Background
The fiber Distributed Feedback (DFB) laser resonant cavity is composed of a single DFB Bragg fiber grating (FBG) with pi phase shift uniformly distributed in a gain medium, and the function of the pi phase shift is to form a unique narrow linewidth transmission window in a DFB grating stop band and inhibit a high-order resonance longitudinal mode, so that single-frequency narrow linewidth laser output is selectively realized at the frequency of the transmission window. The optical fiber DFB laser has the characteristics of high output beam quality, single mode, narrow single-frequency line width, stable frequency, low noise, small size and the like, and has wide application prospects in the fields of optical fiber communication, sensing, remote sensing, medical treatment and the like. Since the first report of rare-earth doped DFB fiber lasers by the Optoelectronics Research Center (ORC) of the university of south ampton, uk, 1994, DFB fiber lasers have gained a high degree of attention and have evolved rapidly. Fiber DFB laser outputs in the 1 μm, 1.11 μm, 1.55 μm, 2.0 μm and 2.8 μm bands have been achieved heretofore in rare earth doped and passive fibers. The rare earth doped fiber DFB laser is limited by the level of doped rare earth ions, the output wavelength of the laser can only cover a plurality of discrete wave bands determined by the emission of the rare earth ions, the gain of the rare earth doped fiber is high generally, and the length of the DFB grating is about several centimeters generally. The output wavelength of the passive fiber DFB laser based on fiber Stimulated Raman Scattering (SRS) and Stimulated Brillouin Scattering (SBS) effects is determined by the pump fiber, and the laser output with any wavelength can be realized theoretically, but because the SRS and SBS gains of the fiber are low, a longer DFB grating is generally needed, generally in the range of tens of centimeters to tens of centimeters, and higher requirements are provided for the DFB grating preparation technology.
However, the above DFB fiber lasers are based on conventional core-cladding structured fibers, and the polarization performance of the output laser is mainly determined by the birefringence effect of the DFB grating, the D-shape asymmetric fiber, or the polarization dependent gain characteristic. Because the used optical fiber is not a single-polarization optical fiber, the polarization degree of the output laser is easily interfered by factors such as working environment and the like, and the stability of the frequency, the power, the mode and the like of the output laser is reduced to a certain extent. Therefore, the single-mode single-polarization fiber is adopted, and the high-precision frequency selection characteristic of the DFB resonant cavity is combined, so that the DFB laser based on the single-polarization fiber is one of effective ways for realizing single-frequency and single-polarization laser output with compact structure and high stability.
The photonic crystal fiber can flexibly regulate and control the waveguide characteristics of the fiber through the microstructure design of the cladding: low laser threshold is achieved, for example, by ultra-small core diameter design; for example, the broadband single polarization output is realized by the difference design of the microstructure in the orthogonal direction of the cross section of the optical fiber. However, no work has been done on DFB fiber lasers based on single-polarization photonic crystal fiber structures. Therefore, the DFB laser based on the photonic crystal fiber realizes high-performance laser output such as single-frequency narrow linewidth, single polarization, low noise, high stability, low noise and the like, and has important application in the fields of fiber optic gyroscopes, fiber optic sensing, medical treatment, long-distance communication, radars and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: the invention provides a single-frequency and single-polarization optical fiber distributed feedback laser, aiming at the problem that the purity of the polarization state of the output laser of the existing single-frequency narrow-linewidth optical fiber distributed feedback laser is not high, so that the output power is unstable.
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to realize the purpose of the invention, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a single-frequency and single-polarization optical fiber distributed feedback laser comprises a photonic crystal fiber DFB grating, a wavelength division multiplexer, a pumping source, an optical fiber isolator, an optical fiber coupler and a photoelectric detector, wherein two sides of the photonic crystal fiber DFB grating are respectively welded with one wavelength division multiplexer through optical fibers;
the pump source and the optical fiber coupler are welded on the other side of the wavelength division multiplexer on one side of the photonic crystal fiber DFB grating through optical fibers, the optical fiber isolator and the photoelectric detector are welded on the other side of the optical fiber coupler through optical fibers, and the other side of the optical fiber isolator is connected with a reverse output laser signal port;
the fiber isolator and the residual pump are welded on the other side of the wavelength division multiplexer on the other side of the photonic crystal fiber DFB grating through optical fibers, and the other side of the fiber isolator is connected with a forward output laser signal port.
Furthermore, the photonic crystal fiber DFB grating comprises a single-polarization photonic crystal fiber and a pi phase shift distributed feedback fiber grating, and the pi phase shift distributed feedback fiber grating is arranged inside the single-polarization photonic crystal fiber.
Further, the center wavelength, the period and the effective refractive index of the fiber core of the pi phase shift distributed feedback fiber grating satisfy the following relational expression:
λDFB＝2*neff*ΛDFB/m
wherein: lambda [ alpha ]DFBIs the central wavelength, n, of the pi phase shift distributed feedback fiber gratingeffIs the effective refractive index of the core, ΛDFBIs the period of pi phase shift distributed feedback fiber grating, and m is the order of the grating.
Further, the central wavelength of the pi phase shift distributed feedback fiber grating is within the gain bandwidth of the single polarization photonic crystal fiber.
Furthermore, the single polarization photonic crystal fiber comprises a fiber core and a cladding, the photonic crystal fiber DFB grating is arranged at the central position of the fiber core, the cladding is arranged outside the fiber core, and the fiber core and the cladding are attached to each other.
Further, air holes are formed in the cladding, and the air holes are different in aperture in two orthogonal directions of the cross section of the photonic crystal fiber DFB grating.
Furthermore, the wavelength division multiplexer, the optical fiber isolator and the optical fiber coupler all adopt polarization maintaining optical fiber devices.
Further, the pump source is a laser source coupled and output by a single-mode fiber, and the central wavelength of the pump source is selected according to the rare earth doped gain of the photonic crystal fiber and the central wavelength of the DFB grating of the photonic crystal fiber.
Furthermore, the output ratio of the optical fiber coupler is not more than 1/99, and meanwhile, the small signal output end of the optical fiber coupler is connected with a photoelectric probe which is used for detecting the laser output power of the single-frequency and single-polarization optical fiber distributed feedback laser.
Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
the optical fiber distributed feedback laser is composed of a single distributed feedback grating with pi phase shift, so that the optical fiber distributed feedback laser is small in size, the output laser of the optical fiber distributed feedback laser is a single transverse mode and single-polarization narrow-linewidth light source, the monochromaticity is good, the coherence length is long, the output power is stable, the influence of factors such as temperature change, vibration and bending of the environment is small, and the optical fiber distributed feedback laser has high practicability.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a single frequency, single polarization fiber distributed feedback laser according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a DFB grating of a photonic crystal fiber according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of the DFB grating transmission spectrum of a photonic crystal fiber of the present invention with a center wavelength of 1550 nm;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a single polarization photonic crystal fiber of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a diagram of two mode field distributions perpendicular to each other for the fundamental mode field of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a graph of the total output signal power versus input pump light power in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a spectrum diagram of the output laser signal measured by the high-precision spectrometer of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a graph of Fabry-Perot interferometer test results of the present invention;
the numbers in the figures correspond to part names:
1. a photonic crystal fiber DFB grating; 2. a wavelength division multiplexer; 3. a pump source; 4. a fiber isolator; 5. a fiber coupler; 6. a photodetector; 7. a forward output laser signal port; 8. a reverse output laser signal port; 9. a fiber core; 10. a cladding layer; 11. an air hole; 12. the air hole spacing; 13. air hole diameter I; 14. air hole diameter II.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. The described embodiments are a subset of the embodiments of the invention and are not all embodiments of the invention. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a single-frequency, single-polarization fiber distributed feedback laser, which includes a photonic crystal fiber DFB grating 1, a wavelength division multiplexer 2, a pump source 3, a fiber isolator 4, a fiber coupler 5, and a photodetector 6, wherein the components are connected by fiber fusion to form the single-frequency, single-polarization fiber distributed feedback laser shown in fig. 1.
In the present embodiment, a wavelength division multiplexer 2 is fusion-spliced to both sides of the photonic crystal fiber DFB grating 1 through optical fibers. Specifically, the other side of the wavelength division multiplexer 2 located on one side of the photonic crystal fiber DFB grating 1 passes through the fiber fusion pump source 3 and the fiber coupler 5, the other side of the fiber coupler 5 passes through the fiber fusion fiber isolator 4 and the photodetector 6, the other side of the fiber isolator 4 is connected with the FC/APC bevel port, and the FC/APC bevel port is the reverse output laser signal port 8.
The other side of the wavelength division multiplexer 2 positioned on the other side of the photonic crystal fiber DFB grating 1 is connected with a residual pump and an optical fiber isolator 4 through optical fiber fusion, the other side of the optical fiber isolator 4 is connected with an FC/APC oblique angle port, and the FC/APC oblique angle port is a forward output laser signal port 7.
Referring to fig. 2, the photonic crystal fiber DFB grating 1 includes a single polarization photonic crystal fiber and a pi phase shift distributed feedback fiber grating, and the pi phase shift distributed feedback fiber grating is disposed inside the single polarization photonic crystal fiber. In this embodiment, the length of the photonic crystal fiber DFB grating 1 is between 5 mm and 500 mm.
The center wavelength, the period and the effective refractive index of the fiber core of the pi phase shift distributed feedback fiber grating satisfy the following relational expression:
λDFB＝2*neff*ΛDFB/m
wherein: lambda [ alpha ]DFBIs the central wavelength, n, of the pi phase shift distributed feedback fiber gratingeffIs the effective refractive index of the core, ΛDFBIs the period of pi phase shift distributed feedback fiber grating, and m is the order of the grating.
Center wavelength lambda of simultaneous pi phase shift distributed feedback fiber gratingDFBIn the single polarization photonic crystal fiber usedWithin the gain bandwidth.
Specifically, an 800nm femtosecond laser is adopted to prepare a phase-shift DFB fiber grating in a fiber core 9 of a single-polarization photonic crystal fiber, the total length of the grating is 20 mm, the center wavelength is 1550 nm, and the grating transmission spectrogram is shown in FIG. 3.
Referring to fig. 4, the single polarization photonic crystal fiber includes a core 9 and a cladding 10, wherein the core 9 is composed of a silica-based glass doped with neodymium, ytterbium, erbium/ytterbium co-doped, thulium, and holmium, and the cladding 10 is composed of a pure silica glass and an air hole 11. Specifically, the central light guide part of the single polarization photonic crystal fiber is a fiber core 9, that is, the photonic crystal fiber DFB grating 1 is arranged at the central position of the fiber core 9, a cladding 10 is arranged outside the fiber core 9, the fiber core 9 and the cladding 10 are attached, and the radius of the fiber core 9 is smaller than that of the cladding 10. In the present embodiment, the radius of the core 9 is matched with that of a single-mode silica glass optical fiber for near-infrared band communication, and is in the range of 1.5 micrometers to 5.5 micrometers.
As the fiber core 9 is doped with rare earth ions with higher concentration, the refractive index of the fiber core 9 is slightly higher than that of undoped quartz glass, so that the action of a total internal reflection light guide mechanism is far stronger than that of a leakage mode light guide mechanism, and meanwhile, the effective refractive index light guide mechanism of the photonic crystal fiber is also failed. Therefore, in order to ensure the effectiveness of the light guiding mechanism of the photonic crystal fiber based on the effective refractive index, the compensation refractive index is designed by the material composition of the core 9, i.e. boron and fluorine chemical components are doped into the quartz glass of the rare earth doped core 9 part to reduce the effective refractive index of the doped core 9, so that the doped core 9 glass and the undoped glass have the same refractive index.
The refractive index of the core 9 is specifically chosen to be 1.444, and the effective mode field diameter at 1.55 microns is 5 microns, which can be matched with the mode field of a commercial polarization-maintaining quartz fiber, thereby reducing the fusion loss.
Air holes 11 are provided in the cladding 10, and the air holes may form an N-turn air hole ring with a predetermined shape, and the number of turns of the air hole ring is not less than 3. In this embodiment, the predefined shape of the air hole ring is provided as an equilateral hexagon, and the number of turns of the air hole ring is selected to be four.
Specifically, in two orthogonal directions of the cross section of the photonic crystal fiber, the diameters of the air holes 11 are different, that is, the sizes of the air hole diameter I13 and the air hole diameter ii 14 are not equal in fig. 4, and the air hole diameter I13 and the air hole diameter ii 14 satisfy the following relationship:
d1>d2
wherein: d1Diameter of air hole diameter I, d2The diameter of the air hole diameter II.
According to the positions among the air holes 11 in the air hole ring, the size of the air hole interval 12, namely the period is determined. By adjusting the ratio between the air aperture and the period, i.e. d1A and d2The leakage loss difference between the fundamental mode and the lowest-order high-order mode exceeds 2 orders of magnitude or more, and the loss difference between the two linear polarization states of the fundamental mode is more than 10 times, so that single-mode single-polarization transmission can be ensured. Where Λ is the period size, i.e., the distance between adjacent air hole cores, i.e., the air hole pitch 12.
Referring to fig. 5, fig. 5 is a diagram illustrating two mode field distributions of the fundamental mode field perpendicular to each other. Wherein, the graph (a) is the distribution of the linearly polarized mode field in the horizontal direction, and the graph (b) is the distribution of the linearly polarized mode field in the vertical direction.
The leakage loss of the fundamental mode is about 1dB/km, and the leakage loss of the lowest higher-order mode is 17x106dB/km, and single mode output can be ensured. For the horizontal polarization of the fundamental mode, the leakage loss is about 47dB/km, the leakage loss of the vertical polarization mode is about 0.7dB/km, and the difference is about two orders of magnitude, so that the single polarization output can be ensured.
In the present embodiment, the air hole pitch 12 is in the range of 1 micron to 10 microns, specifically selected to be 3 microns, d1A size of Λ is in the range of 0.2 to 0.95, d2A size of/Λ is in the range of 0.05 to 0.8, and d1The value of/Λ is greater than d2The value of/Λ. Wherein d is1The size of/Λ is selected to be 0.6, d2The size of/Λ is specifically chosen to be 0.3.
The wavelength division multiplexer 2, the optical fiber isolator 4 and the optical fiber coupler 5 all adopt polarization maintaining optical fiber devices, which is used for reducing the polarization losing effect caused by the DFB laser signal in the transmission process. Meanwhile, the pump source 3 is a laser source coupled and output by a single-mode fiber, namely a semiconductor laser, a fiber laser, a solid laser or other lasers, and the central wavelength of the pump source 3 is selected according to the rare earth doped gain of the photonic crystal fiber and the central wavelength of the photonic crystal fiber DFB grating 1.
The optical fiber coupler 5 adopts a polarization maintaining optical fiber filter coupler with an output ratio not greater than 1/99, wherein a small signal output end of the optical fiber coupler 5 is connected with a photoelectric probe for detecting the generation and amplification process of laser signal power in real time. And the photoelectric probe is used for detecting the laser output power of the single-frequency and single-polarization optical fiber distributed feedback laser.
The forward output laser signal port 7 outputs a forward output signal, and the reverse output laser signal port outputs a reverse output signal, wherein the output signals respectively represent signal light by optical analysis and test equipment such as a spectrometer, a power meter, a polarization analyzer and the like.
Specifically, a 976 nm semiconductor single-mode laser is used as the pump source 3, the laser oscillation starting power is 17.3 milliwatts, a graph of the relationship between the total output signal power and the input pump light power is shown in fig. 6, and the slope conversion coefficient is 7.3%. The laser signal measured by a high precision spectrometer at an output power of 1 milliwatt is shown in fig. 7. According to the fabry-perot interferometer test result diagram in fig. 8, it can be seen that the output laser signal is measured by the fabry-perot interferometer with the free spectral range of 1.72GHz, so as to obtain a single-frequency output, wherein the power ratio of the two polarization states of the output signal is 20dB, and the output signal is linearly polarized.
The present invention and its embodiments have been described in an illustrative manner, and are not to be considered limiting, as illustrated in the accompanying drawings, which are merely exemplary embodiments of the invention and not limiting of the actual constructions and methods. Therefore, if the person skilled in the art receives the teaching, the structural modes and embodiments similar to the technical solutions are not creatively designed without departing from the spirit of the invention, and all of them belong to the protection scope of the invention.

Claims (6)

1. The single-frequency single-polarization optical fiber distributed feedback laser is characterized by comprising a photonic crystal optical fiber DFB grating (1), a wavelength division multiplexer (2), a pumping source (3), an optical fiber isolator (4), an optical fiber coupler (5) and a photoelectric detector (6), wherein the wavelength division multiplexer (2) is welded on two sides of the photonic crystal optical fiber DFB grating (1) through optical fibers;
the pump source (3) and the optical fiber coupler (5) are welded on the other side of the wavelength division multiplexer (2) on one side of the photonic crystal fiber DFB grating (1) through optical fibers, the optical fiber isolator (4) and the photoelectric detector (6) are welded on the other side of the optical fiber coupler (5) through optical fibers, and the other side of the optical fiber isolator (4) is connected with a reverse output laser signal port (8);
the optical fiber isolator (4) and the residual pump are positioned on the other side of the wavelength division multiplexer (2) on the other side of the photonic crystal fiber DFB grating (1) through optical fiber fusion, and the other side of the optical fiber isolator (4) is connected with a forward output laser signal port (7);
the photonic crystal fiber DFB grating (1) comprises a single-polarization photonic crystal fiber and a pi phase shift distributed feedback fiber grating; the pi phase shift distributed feedback fiber grating is arranged inside the single polarization photonic crystal fiber; the length range of the photonic crystal fiber DFB grating (1) is 5-500 mm;
the single-polarization photonic crystal fiber comprises a fiber core (9) and a cladding (10), the photonic crystal fiber DFB grating (1) is arranged at the central position of the fiber core (9), the cladding (10) is arranged outside the fiber core (9), and the fiber core (9) and the cladding (10) are attached; air holes (11) are formed in the cladding (10), and the diameters of the air holes (11) in two orthogonal directions of the cross section of the photonic crystal fiber DFB grating (1) are different; an air hole pitch (12) which is a distance between the hole cores of two adjacent air holes (11), wherein the range of the air hole pitch (12) is Λ ═ 3 to 10 micrometers, and d10.2-0.95 mu m/Λ, d20.05-0.8 micron/Λ; wherein d is1And d2The aperture of the air hole in two orthogonal directions of the cross section of the photonic crystal fiber DFB grating is respectively, and Λ is the period size, namely the distance between adjacent air hole cores, namely the size of the air hole interval (12).
2. A single frequency, single polarization fiber distributed feedback laser as claimed in claim 1, wherein the center wavelength, period and core effective refractive index of said pi phase shifted distributed feedback fiber grating satisfy the following relations:
λDFB＝2*neff*ΛDFB/m
wherein: lambda [ alpha ]DFBIs the central wavelength, n, of the pi phase shift distributed feedback fiber gratingeffIs the effective refractive index of the core, ΛDFBIs the period of pi phase shift distributed feedback fiber grating, and m is the order of the grating.
3. A single frequency, single polarization fiber distributed feedback laser as claimed in claim 2 wherein the center wavelength of the pi phase shifted distributed feedback fiber grating is within the gain bandwidth of the single polarization photonic crystal fiber.
4. A single frequency, single polarization fiber distributed feedback laser according to claim 1, wherein said wavelength division multiplexer (2), said fiber isolator (4) and said fiber coupler (5) are polarization maintaining fiber devices.
5. A single frequency, single polarization fiber distributed feedback laser according to claim 4, wherein said pump source (3) is a single mode fiber coupled output laser source, and the center wavelength of said pump source (3) is selected according to the photonic crystal fiber rare earth doped gain and the center wavelength of the photonic crystal fiber DFB grating (1).
6. A single frequency, single polarization fiber distributed feedback laser according to claim 5, wherein the output ratio of said fiber coupler (5) is not more than 1/99, and the small signal output end of said fiber coupler (5) is connected to an opto-electronic probe for detecting the laser output power of the single frequency, single polarization fiber distributed feedback laser.
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