CN1837867A - Broadband single-polarization single-mode dual-core photonic crystal fiber - Google Patents
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- CN1837867A CN1837867A CN 200610013590 CN200610013590A CN1837867A CN 1837867 A CN1837867 A CN 1837867A CN 200610013590 CN200610013590 CN 200610013590 CN 200610013590 A CN200610013590 A CN 200610013590A CN 1837867 A CN1837867 A CN 1837867A
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Abstract
This invention relates to a broadband single-polarization single-mode dual-core photonic crystal fiber. To the fiber communication and optical signal process, This scheme comprises: forming the envelop by arraying air port as regular network structure on substrate, and forming two defect fiber cores by the air port defect; arranging different air ports near the port zones on orthogonal polarization directions of fiber cross section, and keeping the cross section structure along fiber lateral direction. This invention can regulate the coupling wavelength by adjusting the larger air port diameter d' or the smaller d.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of single mould photon crystal optical fiber, especially relate to double-core photonic crystal fiber with broadband single-polarization transport property.Be applied to technical fields such as optical fiber communication and optical signalling processing.
Background technology
Photonic crystal fiber (Photonic Crystal Fiber), microstructured optical fibers (MicrostructureOptical Fiber) or porous optical fiber (Holey Fiber) are otherwise known as, be people such as J.C.Knight by R.J.Russell group in 1996 produced first (Optics Letters, 21,1547-1549,1996).Owing to its flexible design, can have the irrealizable characteristic of many ordinary optic fibres (as the conduction of no cutoff wavelength single mode, programmable dispersion characteristics and mould field size and high-NA etc.) and be subjected to extensive concern.Photonic crystal fiber is divided into two types.The first kind is a refractive index conduction type photonic crystal fiber, and it is the leaded light of realizing by the total internal reflection between the airport covering of the fibre core of solid and multilayer; Second class is a photon band-gap optical fiber, and it utilizes photonic band gap effects that the light of specific band has been realized conduction at low-refraction fibre core place.
The manufacturing process of photonic crystal fiber normally is piled into prefabricated rods to hollow glass capillary and solid glass rod by a fixed structure, is drawn into optical fiber then in the fibre-optical drawing tower.Because the number of kapillary and glass bar and arrangement mode can flexible design in the manufacturing process of prefabricated rods, so the realization of multicore photonic crystal fiber is comparatively speaking than being easier to.Based on the relevant device of the directional coupler of multicore refractive-index-guiding type photonic crystal fiber by extensive studies, people such as B.J.Mangan were at " Experimental study of dual-core photonic crystalfibre " in 2000, Electron.Lett.36,1358-1359 has drawn twin-core refractive index light conducting photonic crystal fiber the earliest and the coupled characteristic of this optical fiber has been studied in (2000).People such as L.Zhang are at " Polarization splitter based onphotonic crystal fibers ", Optics express, 11, utilize the high birefringence double-core photonic crystal fiber to realize the polarization separator function among the 1015-1020 (2003), in Chinese patent (application number 03100608.6), also announced related content.People such as K.Saitoh is at " Coupling characteristics of dual-core photonic crystalfiber couplers " in addition, Optics Express, 11, designed a multiplexing demodulation multiplexer among the 3188-3195 (2003) based on the double-core photonic crystal fiber coupling mechanism, people such as J.Legsgaard are at " Photonic crystal fiber design forbroadband directional coupling ", Optics Letters, 29, utilizing down among the 2473-2475 (2004), the doping double-core photonic crystal fiber has designed the directional coupler with utmost point wide frequency ranges.These researchs and application have demonstrated fully photonic crystal fiber in the dirigibility of design and the control ability to light stronger than ordinary optic fibre.Above-mentioned report all is based on refractive index conduction type photonic crystal fiber, in the recent period again relevant for the report of twin-core photon band-gap optical fiber and coupled characteristic.As: people such as ZhiWang are at " Coupling and decoupling of dual-core photonic bandgap fibers ", OpticsLeters 30, among the 2542-2544 (2005) coupled characteristic of twin-core photon band gap type optical fiber is studied, and in the twin-core fiber structure, found no coupled characteristic first.People such as J.L gsgaard are at " Directional coupling intwin-core photonic bandgap fibers " Optics Leters, 30, among the 3281-3283 (2005) and people such as MaksimSkorobogatiy at " Transverse light guides in microstructured optical fibers " Optics Leters, 31,314-316 has done further research to the coupled characteristic of twin-core photon band-gap optical fiber in (2006).Yet understand according to us, also without any report about broadband single-polarization single-mode dual-core photonic crystal fiber.
Summary of the invention
In order to remedy prior art, the invention provides a kind of double-core photonic crystal fiber technical scheme that can be used for realizing the broadband single-polarization single-mode coupling also without any about broadband single-polarization single-mode dual-core photonic crystal fiber:
This broadband single-polarization single-mode dual-core photonic crystal fiber, its covering forms by pressing regular network structural arrangement airport in the substrate, two defective fibre cores are formed by the disappearance of covering airport, its characteristics are: near the size of the airport the above two core district of two orthogonal polarization orientation of cross section of optic fibre is different, and above-mentioned cross-sectional structure is constant along the length direction of optical fiber.
In this structure, on the cross section of optic fibre near two core districts the hole on the X polarization direction less than the hole on the Y polarization direction, thereby the effective refractive index of X polarization direction is greater than the Y direction.When the effective refractive index of core region X or Y polarization direction during greater than the effective refractive index of covering, this pattern is a conduction mode.When it during less than the effective refractive index of covering, this pattern just becomes a leakage mode, promptly basic mode is cut off.When the effective refractive index of X polarization direction greater than and the effective refractive index of Y polarization direction during less than the effective refractive index of covering, optical fiber has promptly been realized single polarization conduction.
The principle of work of Twin-Core Fiber Coupler can utilize the interference of hyper mode to explain usually.When light during from fibre core incident of twin-core fiber, in optical fiber, evoke idol, strange two hyper modes simultaneously, they are even symmetry or odd symmetry based on axis of symmetry vertical with two fibre core line directions in the optical fiber structure respectively.Usually, even pattern is different with the propagation constant of strange pattern, and therefore under two patterns were interfered, the energy of light shifted along spread fiber direction cycle between two fibre cores.The distance definition that energy is propagated optical fiber when a fibre core is transferred to another fibre core is a coupling length:
L wherein
c xAnd L
c yThe coupling length of expression x and y polarization direction, β
e xAnd β
e yBe the propagation constant of the even pattern of x direction and y direction polarization, β
o xAnd β
o yIt is the propagation constant of the strange pattern of x direction and y direction polarization.Coupling length is short more, shows that the coupling between the twin-core is strong more.
Can having than short coupling length of broadband single-polarization single-mode photonic crystal optical fiber coupler of the present invention, coupling length changes with wavelength, airport size.
Broadband single-polarization single-mode photonic crystal optical fiber coupler of the present invention overlaps by the mould field between the basic mode of propagating in two fibre cores, and energy is changed between two fibre cores, realizes the function of fiber coupler.Simultaneously because it has the broadband single-polarization single-mode coupling, it can in specific wavelength band, filter one on the polarization direction light and only realize the light of single polarization direction is coupled.
Principle of the present invention is to utilize the difference of refractive index on two vertical polarization that high birefringence forms, and forms the characteristics to the light list polarization coupled of particular range of wavelengths.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: by the big airport diameter d of suitable adjusting ' or little airport diameter d value, can realize the adjustment of single-polarization single-mode coupled wavelength scope.Numerical result shows, by suitably reducing big airport diameter d ' and increase little airport diameter d value, single-polarization single-mode coupled wavelength scope is moved to long wavelength's direction, the size of this scope remains unchanged substantially simultaneously.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of cross section of optic fibre of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the synoptic diagram of cross section of optic fibre part-structure of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is d/ Λ=0.5 in the optical fiber structure of the present invention, and the effective refractive index of d '/Λ=0.95 o'clock conduction mode is with the normalization wavelength variations.
Fig. 4 is d/ Λ=0.5 in the optical fiber structure of the present invention, and the normalization coupling length is with wavelength variations on o'clock two vertical polarization in d '/Λ=0.95.
Fig. 5 be in the optical fiber structure of the present invention d/ Λ=0.5 o'clock in the single-polarization single-mode zone normalization coupling length with the variation of wavelength and d '/Λ value.
Fig. 6 be d ' in the optical fiber structure of the present invention/Λ=0.95 o'clock in the single-polarization single-mode zone normalization coupling length with the variation of wavelength and d/ Λ value.
Among the figure: 1. base material 2. little airport 3. big airports 4. defective fibre core 9.d/ Λ=0.5, refractive index 10.d/ Λ=0.5 of d '/Λ=0.95 o'clock X polarization direction idol pattern correspondence, refractive index 11.d/ Λ=0.5 of the d '/Λ=0.95 o'clock strange pattern correspondence in X polarization direction, refractive index 12.d/ Λ=0.5 of d '/Λ=0.95 o'clock Y polarization direction idol pattern correspondence, refractive index 13.d/ Λ=0.5 of the d '/Λ=0.95 o'clock strange pattern correspondence in Y polarization direction, o'clock cladding-effective-index 14.d/ Λ=0.5, d '/Λ=0.95, single-polarization single-mode zone 15.d/ Λ=0.5 of d '/Λ=0.95 o'clock, normalization coupling length 16.d/ Λ=0.5 of some Y polarization direction, d '/Λ=0.95, normalization coupling length 17.d/ Λ=0.5 of some X polarization direction, d '/Λ=0.95, normalization coupling length 18.d/ Λ=0.5 in some single-polarization single-mode conductive area of d '/Λ=0.94, normalization coupling length 19.d/ Λ=0.5 in some single-polarization single-mode conductive area of d '/Λ=0.95, normalization coupling length 20.d '/Λ=0.95 in some single-polarization single-mode conductive area of d '/Λ=0.96, normalization coupling length 21.d '/Λ=0.95 in some single-polarization single-mode conductive area of d/ Λ=0.48, normalization coupling length 22.d '/Λ=0.95 in some single-polarization single-mode conductive area of d/ Λ=0.48, the normalization coupling length in some single-polarization single-mode conductive area of d/ Λ=0.48.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the specific embodiment of the present invention is described further:
This broadband single-polarization single-mode dual-core photonic crystal fiber, its covering forms by pressing regular network structural arrangement airport 2,3 in the substrate, two defective fibre cores 4 are formed by the disappearance of covering airport, it is characterized in that: near the size of the airport the above two core district of two orthogonal polarization orientation of cross section of optic fibre is different, and above-mentioned cross-sectional structure is constant along the length direction of optical fiber.
The fibre cladding airport is pressed triangular lattice and is arranged, and two defective fibre cores are positioned on the node of triangular lattice.
Airport can be circular in cross section of optic fibre top covering and the defective fibre core, and two defective core district near zones are at the diameter in hole on the directions X diameter less than the hole on the Y direction.
Eigenwert near the big airport xsect on the defective core region Y polarization direction in the optical fiber is its diameter, and the ratio of this diameter and spacing is between scope 0.9 to 1.0.
The eigenwert of the medium and small airport xsect of fibre cladding is its diameter, and the ratio of this diameter and spacing is between scope 0.45 to 0.55.
The fibre cladding airport is pressed rectangular grid and is arranged, and two fibre cores are positioned on the node of rectangular grid.
Airport can be circular in cross section of optic fibre top covering and the fibre core, on two core district near zones and the directions X diameter in hole less than with the Y direction on the hole.
The manufacture method of broadband single-polarization single-mode photonic crystal optical fiber coupler is that existing kapillary is piled up drawing technology.At first quartzy prefabricated rods is worn into hexagonal configuration, and the center is emptied, in the stretching tower, pull into the hollow kapillary of the about 1mm of external diameter then.Then these kapillaries are piled up by triangular lattice and formed prefabricated rods together, again by the layout arrangement of design together hollow kapillary or solid capillary rod.Preform bar stretching macro-scale becomes optical fiber in the stretching tower then.Temperature and draw rate in size by adjusting airport in the kapillary, the position of defective and the pulling process can obtain the photonic crystal fiber of different cross section constant.
Figure 1 shows that the cross section of optic fibre synoptic diagram of the embodiment of the invention, the base material 1 common adopting quartz glass of broadband single-polarization single-mode photonic crystal optical fiber coupler, airport 2 in the fibre cladding is positioned on the node of triangular lattice, the spacing Λ at adjacent vacant pore center is 2.2m, the diameter d of airport 2=0.5 Λ.Near the diameter d of 8 big airports 3 two fibre cores '=0.95 Λ.In the middle of two fibre cores 4 a little airport 2 is arranged.Figure 2 shows that the part-structure synoptic diagram of the cross section of optic fibre of the embodiment of the invention, can clearerly see near the fibre core airport arranging situation by this figure.
When d/ Λ=0.5, the effective refractive index of d '/Λ=0.95 o'clock conduction mode with normalization wavelength variations situation as shown in Figure 3.The pattern of conducting in this optical fiber has x, the polarization direction of two quadratures of y, and each polarization has idol, strange two kinds of patterns again simultaneously, and the axis of symmetry of their the relative optical fiber of electric field is even symmetry and odd symmetry.The refractive index 9 of X polarization direction idol pattern correspondence and the refractive index 10 of strange pattern correspondence are greater than the refractive index 11 of y polarization direction idol pattern correspondence and the refractive index 12 of strange pattern correspondence.11,12 wavelength coverages 14 that comprised less than 13 time are the single-polarization single-mode conductive area greater than cladding-effective-index 13 when 9,10.Light in this wavelength coverage can be realized the single-polarization single-mode coupling in this coupling mechanism.Fig. 4 be under this parameter two vertical polarization normalization coupling lengths with the wavelength change curve.Y polarization direction normalization coupling length 15 and X polarization direction normalization coupling length 16 are as shown in FIG., 15 and 16 all reduce gradually along with the increase of wavelength, 15 cutoff wavelength less than 16,15 in the short wavelength range that Y polarization direction light is not cut off greater than 16 values of identical wavelength correspondence.Single-polarization single-mode conductive area under this parameter is the 220nm wavelength coverage from 1470nm to 1690nm.
Fig. 5 is that normalization coupling length in the single-polarization single-mode conductive area of the different d ' in d/ Λ=0.5 o'clock/Λ value correspondence is with the wavelength variations curve.Wherein curve 17 is the normalization coupling length value in some single-polarization single-mode conductive area of d '/Λ=0.94, curve 18 is the normalization coupling length value in some single-polarization single-mode conductive area of d '/Λ=0.95, and curve 19 is the normalization coupling length value in some single-polarization single-mode conductive area of d '/Λ=0.96.Along with the increase of d '/Λ value, the single-polarization single-mode conductive area moves to short wavelength's direction.As we can see from the figure, adjust d '/Λ value the size of single-polarization single-mode conductive area scope is influenced very little, it under above-mentioned parameter all the time greater than 200nm.
Fig. 6 is that normalization coupling length in the single-polarization single-mode conductive area of d '/Λ=0.95 o'clock different d/ Λ values correspondence is with the wavelength variations curve.Wherein curve 20 is the normalization coupling length value in some single-polarization single-mode conductive area of d/ Λ=0.48, curve 21 is the normalization coupling length value in some single-polarization single-mode conductive area of d/ Λ=0.50, and curve 22 is the normalization coupling length value in some single-polarization single-mode conductive area of d/ Λ=0.52.Along with the increase of d/ Λ value, the single-polarization single-mode conductive area moves to long wavelength's direction.It is also very little to the influence of single-polarization single-mode conductive area range size to change d/ Λ value.We can suitably adjust d/ Λ or d '/Λ value is selected the single-polarization single-mode conductive area as can be seen by Fig. 5 and Fig. 6.
Though in conjunction with thinking most realistic at present and illustrated embodiments has been described the present invention, but the invention is not restricted to the disclosed embodiments, and be intended to cover multiple modification included within the spirit and scope of claims and equivalence is provided with.
Claims (7)
1. broadband single-polarization single-mode dual-core photonic crystal fiber, its covering forms by pressing regular network structural arrangement airport (2,3) in the substrate, two defective fibre cores (4) are formed by the disappearance of covering airport, it is characterized in that: near the size of the airport the above two core district of two orthogonal polarization orientation of cross section of optic fibre is different, and above-mentioned cross-sectional structure is constant along the length direction of optical fiber.
2. broadband single-polarization single-mode dual-core photonic crystal fiber according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described fibre cladding airport is pressed triangular lattice and is arranged, and two defective fibre cores are positioned on the node of triangular lattice.
3. broadband single-polarization single-mode dual-core photonic crystal fiber according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: airport can be circular in described cross section of optic fibre top covering and the defective fibre core, and two defective core district near zones are at the diameter in hole on the directions X diameter less than the hole on the Y direction.
4. broadband single-polarization single-mode dual-core photonic crystal fiber according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: the eigenwert near the big airport xsect on the defective core region Y polarization direction in the described optical fiber is its diameter, and the ratio of this diameter and spacing is between scope 0.9 to 1.0.
5. broadband single-polarization single-mode dual-core photonic crystal fiber according to claim 4 is characterized in that: the eigenwert of the medium and small airport xsect of described fibre cladding is its diameter, and the ratio of this diameter and spacing is between scope 0.45 to 0.55.
6. broadband single-polarization single-mode dual-core photonic crystal fiber according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described fibre cladding airport is pressed rectangular grid and is arranged, and two fibre cores are positioned on the node of rectangular grid.
7. broadband single-polarization single-mode dual-core photonic crystal fiber according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: airport can be circular in described cross section of optic fibre top covering and the fibre core, on two core district near zones and the directions X diameter in hole less than with the Y direction on the hole.
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| CN101339269B (en) * | 2008-08-12 | 2010-06-02 | 江苏大学 | Optical fibre wavelength-division multiplex device |
| CN101923187A (en) * | 2010-04-16 | 2010-12-22 | 江苏大学 | Single polarization photonic crystal fiber |
| CN102279437A (en) * | 2011-05-16 | 2011-12-14 | 重庆大学 | Mixed light guide elliptical double-core photonic crystal fiber |
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| CN102854562A (en) * | 2012-10-09 | 2013-01-02 | 天津理工大学 | High double-refraction photonic crystal fiber (PCF) |
| CN103454720A (en) * | 2013-09-27 | 2013-12-18 | 天津理工大学 | Photonic crystal fiber with high birefringence characteristic |
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| CN104678488B (en) * | 2015-01-30 | 2017-08-29 | 燕山大学 | A kind of double-ring fibre core photonic crystal fiber for being used to produce bottle beams |
| CN104678488A (en) * | 2015-01-30 | 2015-06-03 | 燕山大学 | Double-annular core photonic crystal fiber for generating bottle beam |
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| CN105954830A (en) * | 2016-01-28 | 2016-09-21 | 合肥工业大学 | Broadband single polarization single-mode photonic crystal fiber |
| CN108761630A (en) * | 2018-04-18 | 2018-11-06 | 燕山大学 | New structural photonic crystal fiber with tunable broad band polarization filtering function |
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| CN116413849A (en) * | 2023-03-20 | 2023-07-11 | 浙江大学 | Single polarization single mode PCF, parameter determining method and performance analyzing method |
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