CN203288929U - Frequency modulation single-frequency fiber laser - Google Patents
Frequency modulation single-frequency fiber laser Download PDFInfo
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- CN203288929U CN203288929U CN2013201057949U CN201320105794U CN203288929U CN 203288929 U CN203288929 U CN 203288929U CN 2013201057949 U CN2013201057949 U CN 2013201057949U CN 201320105794 U CN201320105794 U CN 201320105794U CN 203288929 U CN203288929 U CN 203288929U
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- bragg grating
- frequency
- frequency modulation
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Abstract
The utility model provides a frequency modulation single-frequency fiber laser which comprises a novel rare earth doped phosphate glass fiber, a narrowband Bragg fiber grating, a dichroic mirror or broadband Bragg fiber grating, a single-mode semiconductor pump light source, a wavelength division multiplexer, an optical fiber isolator and a PZT piezoelectric ceramic. According to the frequency modulation single-frequency fiber laser, according to a laser short cavity structure, the PZT piezoelectric ceramic is employed to modulate the single longitudinal mode frequency of a short phosphate glass fiber laser resonant cavity, a frequency modulation fiber laser output with good single frequency performance at the same time can be realized, and a frequency modulation range reaches 1GHz. The frequency modulation single-frequency fiber laser can be used in the field of ultra high precision and ultra long range detection such as laser ranging and Doppler laser velocity measurement radar.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to single longitudinal mode (or claiming single-frequency) fiber laser, is specifically related to the frequency modulation(FM) single frequency optical fiber laser.
Background technology
Single longitudinal mode (or claiming single-frequency) fiber laser refers to the formal output of laser with the single longitudinal mode of chamber internal vibration, it is characterized by the laser spectroscopy live width very narrow, can reach 10
-8Nm, than the live width of existing best narrow linewidth Distributed Feedback Laser narrow two orders of magnitude also, than narrow 5～6 orders of magnitude of the live width of DWDM signal optical source in present optical communication network.Narrow live width can guarantee that laser has extraordinary coherence, and its coherence length can reach several hundred kilometers.Why narrow cable and wide optical fiber laser comes into one's own, and is because it has in laser ranging, Fibre Optical Sensor and the communications field and application widely.Be based on the optical time domain reflection principle of pulse laser as the most laser range finder, namely by measuring the laser pulse emission and through the time difference that target is reflected back receiver, finding range, the precision of this measurement is generally 1-10 rice, and measuring distance (military) also only has the 10-20 kilometer., if utilize the frequency modulation(FM) single frequency laser as probe source,, based on the relevant principle of frequency modulation continuous wave technology and light wave, can realize that hundreds of kilometer, precision are less than the detection of 1 meter.
The single frequency optical fiber laser of research frequency modulation(FM) at present, can only adopt the PZT piezoelectric ceramic to carry out internal modulation on short straight cavity configuration, when adopting rare earth ion doped silica fiber as laser medium, maximum can only be exported a few mW single-frequency lasers, generally need to pass through laser amplifier.And the employing multicomponent glass optical fiber is as the gain media of single-frequency laser, can realize that power output reaches hundreds of mW, the live width single-frequency optical-fiber laser less than 2 KHz, and laser cavity is long shorter, be easier to realize large frequency modulation(FM) scope, short resonant cavity length can guarantee in frequency-modulating process not there will be the phenomenons such as mode hopping, mode competition simultaneously.As adopt the long Yb codoped phosphate glass optical fiber of 2cm to form short F-P chamber, realized power output 20mW, the frequency modulation(FM) scope reaches 27 MHz/V[IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett., 2005,17:1827].In addition, present internal modulation scheme is all to adopt the PZT piezoelectric ceramic to modulate the whole laser cavity that comprises Bragg grating, the refractive index cycle structure of grating is changed, make frequency modulation procedure become more complicated, but also there will be the phenomenons such as mode hopping, mode competition.If only for gain fibre, modulate, its modulation range is linear change with applying voltage, and the easier single-frequency operation that keeps in modulated process.
In conjunction with the high gain characteristics of rare earth doping phosphoric acid salt single mode glass optical fiber, and the selecting frequency characteristic of short straight F-P chamber and arrowband bragg grating, for the single-frequency optical-fiber laser output that realizes high power narrow linewidth provides guarantee.Simultaneously,, by designing and producing in chamber the fixedly technique of PZT piezoelectric ceramic and the encapsulation of corresponding laser cavity, can finally realize high power, the narrow-linewidth single frequency optical-fiber laser of broadband modulation range.
The utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of frequency modulation(FM) single frequency optical fiber laser, it utilizes the high gain characteristics of rare earth doping phosphoric acid salt single mode glass optical fiber, utilize short F-P cavity configuration, and the frequency-selecting effect of narrow linewidth fiber grating, under the lasting pumping of pump light source, can realize the single-frequency laser output of high power narrow linewidth.Simultaneously, utilize the PZT piezoelectric ceramic to change the characteristic shrinks with on-load voltage, be fixed on resonant cavity and to the modulation of chamber progress row, can realize that finally the high power of broadband modulation range, narrow-linewidth single frequency optical-fiber laser export.The purpose of this utility model is achieved through the following technical solutions.
Concrete technical solution of the present utility model is:
A kind of frequency modulation(FM) single frequency optical fiber laser, is characterized in that comprising that single mode semiconductor laser pumping source, wavelength division multiplexer, arrowband bragg grating, rare earth doping phosphoric acid salt single mode glass optical fiber, broadband bragg grating, fibre optic isolater, PZT piezoelectric ceramic and active temperature are controlled heat sink; The structural relation of each parts is: the common port of wavelength division multiplexer is connected with an end of arrowband bragg grating, the other end of arrowband bragg grating is connected with an end of band optical fiber Bragg grating through rare earth doping phosphoric acid salt single mode glass optical fiber, the signal end of wavelength division multiplexer is connected with fibre optic isolater, rare earth doping phosphoric acid salt single mode glass optical fiber, arrowband bragg grating and band optical fiber Bragg grating fixedly are encapsulated in heat sink that automatic temperature-adjusting controls, and the PZT piezoelectric ceramic is fixed on rare earth doping phosphoric acid salt single mode glass optical fiber; The pump mode in single mode semiconductor laser pumping source adopts one of following three kinds of modes:
Mode one, single mode semiconductor laser pumping source are connected with the pumping input of wavelength division multiplexer, the other end of described band optical fiber Bragg grating is polished and is polished to inclined-plane in case the not-go-end face reflects, and single mode semiconductor laser pumping source is coupled into the arrowband bragg grating via wavelength division multiplexer and carries out forward pumping;
The other end of mode two, the direct access band bragg grating in single mode semiconductor laser pumping source carries out backward pump, and the pumping input of wavelength division multiplexer is polished and is polished to inclined-plane in case the reflection of not-go-end face at this moment;
The backward pump of mode three, the forward pumping that adopts simultaneously mode one and mode two carries out two directional pump, simultaneously is connected the other end with the pumping input of wavelength division multiplexer and is connected in single mode semiconductor laser pumping source with the broadband bragg grating.
In said frequencies modulation single frequency optical fiber laser, described rare earth doping phosphoric acid salt single mode glass optical fiber, the fibre core composition is phosphate glass, consists of 70P
2O
5-8Al
2O
3-15BaO-4La
2O
3-3Nd
2O
3, the light emitting ionic of the fibre core doped with high concentration of described rare earth doping phosphoric acid salt single mode glass optical fiber 4, described light emitting ionic are one or more assembly in lanthanide ion, transition metal ions, described light emitting ionic doping content is greater than 1 * 10
19Ions/cm
3, and be Uniform Doped in fibre core.High gain characteristics due to rare earth doping phosphoric acid salt single mode glass optical fiber, can realize the power stage of hundreds of mW on the short fiber of Centimeter Level, long modulation can realize large frequency modulation(FM) scope and the PZT piezoelectric ceramic is to short laser cavity, and its modulation range is linear change with applying voltage.Simultaneously, laser cavity length increases the laser longitudinal module spacing, can realize the laser operation of single longitudinal mode, and is easier to realize large frequency modulation(FM) scope and does not there will be the phenomenons such as mode hopping, mode competition in frequency-modulating process.
Said frequencies modulation single frequency optical fiber laser, by direct Butt-coupling after its corresponding fiber end face of grinding and polishing between described rare earth doping phosphoric acid salt glass optical fiber and arrowband bragg grating and band optical fiber Bragg grating, perhaps by optical fiber splicer welding coupling.
Said frequencies modulation single frequency optical fiber laser, described band optical fiber Bragg grating can replace with dichroic mirror.
Said frequencies modulation single frequency optical fiber laser, described dichroic mirror is for forming at dielectric mirror plated surface upper film or for directly in the side end face that rare earth doping phosphoric acid salt single mode glass optical fiber is not connected with the arrowband bragg grating, plate film after grinding and polishing, forming, described film to laser signal wavelength reflectivity greater than 90%, to the pumping wavelength transmissivity greater than 90%.
Said frequencies modulation single frequency optical fiber laser, described PZT piezoelectric ceramic directly is fixed on rare earth doping phosphoric acid salt single mode glass optical fiber side with optical fiber glue and carries out frequency modulation(FM).
In said frequencies modulation single frequency optical fiber laser, the radiofrequency signal that puts on described PZT piezoelectric ceramic can be sine wave, sawtooth waveforms or triangular wave.
In said frequencies modulation single frequency optical fiber laser, the foveal reflex wavelength of arrowband bragg grating is laser output wavelength, and 3dB reflection spectrum width is less than 0.1 nm, and the centre wavelength reflectivity is 10-95%; The 3dB reflectance spectrum of broadband bragg grating is wider than 0.1 nm, and its to laser signal wavelength reflectivity greater than 90%, to the pumping wavelength transmissivity greater than 90%.
In said frequencies modulation single frequency optical fiber laser, heat sink by semiconductor cooler TEC, the realization of described automatic temperature-adjusting control.
Compared with prior art, technique effect of the present utility model is: the rare earth doping phosphoric acid salt single mode glass optical fiber of centimetre magnitude is as laser medium, there are arrowband bragg grating and broadband bragg grating or dichroic mirror to form the front Effect of Back-Cavity Mirror in short straight F-P chamber, under the continuous pump of pump light source, counter-rotating occurs and produces stimulated light emission in the highly doped rare earth ion of phosphate optical fiber,, by repeatedly concussion amplification back and forth in laser cavity, finally produce Laser output.Because resonance frequency and the chamber of laser grows up to corresponding relation, therefore can with the radiofrequency signal that is applied thereto, laser cavity length be elongated or shortened by the PZT piezoelectric ceramic that is fixed on gain fibre, thereby resonance frequency is modulated, and its modulation range is linear change with applying voltage.Because laser cavity length only has a centimetre magnitude, long modulation can realize large frequency modulation(FM) scope to the PZT piezoelectric ceramic to short laser cavity.Simultaneously, by the chamber modulus principle of laser as can be known, longitudinal mode spacing in chamber can reach 1 ~ 10 GHz, as long as the narrow band fiber bragg grating reflectance spectrum is enough narrow, as 3 dB reflectance spectrums less than 0.08 nm, can realize only having a single longitudinal mode in chamber length is the laser cavity of 2 cm, realize stable single longitudinal mode (single-frequency) output without mode hopping and mode competition, and be easier to realize large frequency modulation(FM) scope and not there will be the phenomenons such as mode hopping, mode competition in frequency-modulating process.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the utility model embodiment frequency modulation(FM) single frequency optical fiber laser principle schematic, and wherein pump mode is that pump light is coupled into the forward pumping of arrowband bragg grating via wavelength division multiplexer.
Fig. 2 is the utility model embodiment frequency modulation(FM) single frequency optical fiber laser principle schematic, and wherein pump mode is the backward pump that the pump light direct-coupling advances the broadband bragg grating.
Fig. 3 is the utility model embodiment frequency modulation(FM) single frequency optical fiber laser principle schematic, and wherein pump mode is aforementioned dual mode two directional pump simultaneously.
In figure: 1-single mode semiconductor laser pumping source (LD), 2-wavelength division multiplexer (WDM), 3-arrowband bragg grating, 4-rare earth doping phosphoric acid salt single mode glass optical fiber, 5-broadband bragg grating, 6-fibre optic isolater, 7-PZT piezoelectric ceramic, it is heat sink that 8-automatic temperature-adjusting is controlled.
Embodiment
The utility model will be further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, need to prove that the claimed scope of the utility model is not limited to the scope of embodiment statement.
Embodiment
Fig. 1-3 are the frequency modulation(FM) single frequency optical fiber laser principle schematic of the utility model embodiment 1, adopt the gain media of the rare earth doping phosphoric acid salt single mode glass optical fiber 4 of high-gain as laser, the front Effect of Back-Cavity Mirror that is formed short F-P cavity configuration by arrowband bragg grating 3 and broadband bragg grating 5 or dichroic mirror, the foveal reflex wavelength of arrowband bragg grating 3 is positioned at the gain spectral of laser medium, and be positioned at the high reflectance spectrum of Effect of Back-Cavity Mirror, reflectivity is greater than 90%.Pump light adopts single mode LD forward pumping mode by the pumping end coupling (Fig. 1) of wavelength division multiplexer 2 or directly by single mode LD, is coupled into broadband bragg grating 5(Fig. 2) or the two directional pump coupling (Fig. 3) used simultaneously of front dual mode be input in gain fibre in laser cavity, counter-rotating occurs and produces stimulated light emission in the highly doped rare earth ion of phosphate optical fiber,, by repeatedly concussion amplification back and forth in laser cavity, finally produce Laser output.Wherein, high-gain rare earth doping phosphoric acid salt single mode glass optical fiber 4 is as the gain media of fiber laser, and length can be selected according to the reflection spectrum width of laser device laser power output size and arrowband bragg grating 3, is generally 0.5 ~ 10 cm.The light emitting ionic (assembly of one or more in lanthanide ion, transition metal ions) of high-gain rare earth doping phosphoric acid salt single mode glass optical fiber fibre core doped with high concentration, the doping content of rare earth ion is greater than 1 * 10
19Ions/cm
3, core diameter can be 1 ~ 10 μ m, the fiber core refractive index of optical fiber is N
1, the refraction index profile of interior surrounding layer is N
2And N
3, and meet waveguide relation: N
1N
2N
3, and the refractive index step changes on the interface of fibre core and inner cladding and inner cladding and surrounding layer; The fiber core composition is phosphate glass, and it consists of: 70P
2O
5-8Al
2O
3-15BaO-4La
2O
3-3Nd
2O
3Rare earth ion is uniform high-concentration dopant in fibre core.Rare earth doping phosphoric acid salt single mode glass optical fiber 4 is to make prefabricated rods by boring method, rod-in-tube technique, and drawing forms in the fibre-optical drawing tower.Highly doped and high gain characteristics due to rare earth doping phosphoric acid salt single mode glass optical fiber 4, in the single-frequency laser power output during greater than 100mW, the length of required rare earth doping phosphoric acid salt single mode glass optical fiber is only 2cm, thereby, use arrowband bragg grating 3 and broadband bragg grating 5 or dichroic mirror to form short F-P cavity configuration, can make effective laser cavity length less than 3cm, thereby, can guarantee in the situation that the reflectance spectrum live width of arrowband bragg grating 3 less than 0.05nm, only there is a single longitudinal mode pattern in laser cavity, and without mode hopping and mode competition phenomenon
The coupled modes of pumping source can design according to laser cavity structure.Pumping source adopts single mode semiconductor laser pumping source 1, as shown in Figure 1, be coupled into arrowband bragg grating 3 by wavelength division multiplexer 2, and then with the fibre core in rare earth doping phosphoric acid salt single mode glass optical fiber 4, realize coupling, thereby forward pumping fibre core Rare Earth Ion, so that population inversion reaches the purpose of continuous amplification oscillation light signal, finally realize Laser output, the other end of band optical fiber Bragg grating 5 is polished and is polished to inclined-plane in case the reflection of not-go-end face at this moment.Single mode semiconductor laser pumping source 1 directly is coupled in the fibre core of rare earth doping phosphoric acid salt single mode glass optical fiber 4 by broadband bragg grating 5, so that population inversion reaches the purpose of continuous amplification oscillation light signal, finally realize Laser output, the pump ports of wavelength division multiplexer 2 is polished and is polished to inclined-plane in case the not-go-end face reflects at this moment, as shown in Figure 2.Pump mode adopts two directional pump, and as shown in Figure 3, the pumping coupled modes are with reference to the forward, backward pump mode.
The output frequency of laser is modulated by being fixed in the PZT piezoelectric ceramic 7 on rare earth doping phosphoric acid salt single mode glass optical fiber 4 in chamber.Because resonance frequency and the chamber of laser grows up to corresponding relation, thus can with the radiofrequency signal that is applied thereto, laser cavity length be elongated or shortened by the PZT piezoelectric ceramic 7 that is fixed on gain fibre, thus resonance frequency is modulated.Because laser cavity length of the present utility model can only have a centimetre magnitude, 7 pairs of long modulation of short laser cavity of PZT piezoelectric ceramic can realize large frequency modulation(FM) scope, and its modulation range is linear change with applying voltage.Simultaneously, by the chamber modulus principle of laser as can be known, longitudinal mode spacing in chamber can reach several GHz, as long as the narrow band fiber bragg grating reflectance spectrum is enough narrow, as 3 dB reflectance spectrums less than 0.08 nm, can realize only having a single longitudinal mode in chamber length is the laser cavity of 2 cm, realize stable single longitudinal mode (single-frequency) output without mode hopping and mode competition, and be easier to realize large frequency modulation(FM) scope and not there will be the phenomenons such as mode hopping, mode competition in frequency-modulating process.PZT piezoelectric ceramic 7 is provided the radiofrequency signal of certain frequency and voltage by outside, specifically the actual parameter by PZT piezoelectric ceramic 7 determines.The radiofrequency signal that puts on described PZT piezoelectric ceramic 7 can be sine wave, sawtooth waveforms or triangular wave.
Claims (8)
1. a frequency modulation(FM) single frequency optical fiber laser, is characterized in that heat sink (8) that comprise that single mode semiconductor laser pumping source (1), wavelength division multiplexer (2), arrowband bragg grating (3), rare earth doping phosphoric acid salt single mode glass optical fiber (4), broadband bragg grating (5), fibre optic isolater (6), PZT piezoelectric ceramic (7) and active temperature are controlled, the structural relation of each parts is: the common port of wavelength division multiplexer (2) is connected with an end of arrowband bragg grating (3), the other end of arrowband bragg grating (3) is connected with an end of band optical fiber Bragg grating (5) through rare earth doping phosphoric acid salt single mode glass optical fiber (4), the signal end of wavelength division multiplexer (2) is connected with fibre optic isolater (6), rare earth doping phosphoric acid salt single mode glass optical fiber (4), arrowband bragg grating (3) and band optical fiber Bragg grating (5) fixedly are encapsulated in heat sink (8) of automatic temperature-adjusting control, PZT piezoelectric ceramic (7) is fixed on rare earth doping phosphoric acid salt single mode glass optical fiber (4), the pump mode in single mode semiconductor laser pumping source (1) adopts one of following three kinds of modes:
Mode one, single mode semiconductor laser pumping source (1) are connected with the pumping input of wavelength division multiplexer (2), the other end of described band optical fiber Bragg grating (5) is polished and is polished to inclined-plane in case the not-go-end face reflects, and single mode semiconductor laser pumping source (1) is coupled into arrowband bragg grating (3) via wavelength division multiplexer (2) and carries out forward pumping;
Backward pump is carried out in mode two, single mode semiconductor laser pumping source (1) the directly other end of access band bragg grating (5), and the pumping input of wavelength division multiplexer this moment (2) is polished and is polished to inclined-plane in case the reflection of not-go-end face;
The backward pump of mode three, the forward pumping that adopts simultaneously mode one and mode two carries out two directional pump, and single mode semiconductor laser pumping source (1) simultaneously is connected 5 with the pumping input of wavelength division multiplexer (2) with the broadband bragg grating) the other end be connected.
2. frequency modulation(FM) single frequency optical fiber laser as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that between described rare earth doping phosphoric acid salt single mode glass optical fiber (4) and arrowband bragg grating (3) and band optical fiber Bragg grating (5) it being by direct Butt-coupling after grinding and polishing fiber end face separately, perhaps by the optical fiber splicer welding, be coupled.
3. frequency modulation(FM) single frequency optical fiber laser as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that described band optical fiber Bragg grating (5) replaces with dichroic mirror.
4. frequency modulation(FM) single frequency optical fiber laser as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that described dichroic mirror is for forming at dielectric mirror plated surface upper film or for directly in the side end face that rare earth doping phosphoric acid salt single mode glass optical fiber (4) is not connected with arrowband bragg grating (3), plate film after grinding and polishing, forming, described film to laser signal wavelength reflectivity greater than 90%, to the pumping wavelength transmissivity greater than 90%.
5. frequency modulation(FM) single frequency optical fiber laser as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that described PZT piezoelectric ceramic (7) directly is fixed on rare earth doping phosphoric acid salt single mode glass optical fiber (4) side with optical fiber glue and carries out frequency modulation(FM).
6. frequency modulation(FM) single frequency optical fiber laser as claimed in claim 5, the radiofrequency signal that it is characterized in that putting on described PZT piezoelectric ceramic (7) is sinusoidal wave, sawtooth waveforms or triangular wave.
7. frequency modulation(FM) single frequency optical fiber laser as claimed in claim 1, the foveal reflex wavelength that it is characterized in that described arrowband bragg grating (3) is laser output wavelength, and 3dB reflection spectrum width is less than 0.1 nm, and the centre wavelength reflectivity is 10-95%; The 3dB reflectance spectrum of broadband bragg grating (5) is wider than 0.1 nm, and its to laser signal wavelength reflectivity greater than 90%, to the pumping wavelength transmissivity greater than 90%.
8. frequency modulation(FM) single frequency optical fiber laser as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that heat sink (8) of described automatic temperature-adjusting control are realized by semiconductor cooler TEC.
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| CN2013201057949U CN203288929U (en) | 2013-03-08 | 2013-03-08 | Frequency modulation single-frequency fiber laser |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103337778A (en) * | 2013-03-08 | 2013-10-02 | 华南理工大学 | Frequency modulating single frequency fiber laser |
| CN106356705A (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2017-01-25 | 西南交通大学 | D-shaped fiber-based cross-polarization beat laser and sensor |
| CN110556691A (en) * | 2019-07-30 | 2019-12-10 | 华南理工大学 | Short linear cavity orbital angular momentum mode single-frequency fiber laser |
-
2013
- 2013-03-08 CN CN2013201057949U patent/CN203288929U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103337778A (en) * | 2013-03-08 | 2013-10-02 | 华南理工大学 | Frequency modulating single frequency fiber laser |
| CN106356705A (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2017-01-25 | 西南交通大学 | D-shaped fiber-based cross-polarization beat laser and sensor |
| CN110556691A (en) * | 2019-07-30 | 2019-12-10 | 华南理工大学 | Short linear cavity orbital angular momentum mode single-frequency fiber laser |
| CN110556691B (en) * | 2019-07-30 | 2021-07-20 | 华南理工大学 | Short linear cavity orbital angular momentum mode single-frequency fiber laser |
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