CN203377480U - All-fiber external cavity type tunable fiber laser - Google Patents
All-fiber external cavity type tunable fiber laser Download PDFInfo
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- CN203377480U CN203377480U CN201320481513.XU CN201320481513U CN203377480U CN 203377480 U CN203377480 U CN 203377480U CN 201320481513 U CN201320481513 U CN 201320481513U CN 203377480 U CN203377480 U CN 203377480U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to an all-fiber type external cavity tunable fiber laser, which comprises an external cavity with reflection characteristic, a wavelength division multiplexer, a fiber grating with tunable characteristic, a gain medium and a coupler which are connected in sequence, wherein the other input port of the wavelength division multiplexer is connected with a pumping unit; pumping laser emitted by the pumping unit is introduced into the gain medium through the wavelength division multiplexer to enable the number of particles of the gain medium to be reversed; the fiber grating with tunable characteristic and the coupler form a resonant cavity of the laser, and tunable laser matched with the fiber grating with tunable characteristic in wavelength is selected and output from an output port of the coupler. The utility model discloses a fiber laser for semiconductor laser, for single longitudinal mode or indulge the mould output less, but good coherent characteristic, mode characteristic and less light beam divergence angle fully applied to remote sensing measurement to full optical fiber structure coupling mode is simple, compact structure, can satisfy the application demand of special distance measurement occasion.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to laser, specifically a kind of full fiber type external cavity type tunable optical fiber laser.
Background technology
Laser, since coming out, has been widely used in the fields such as fiber optic interferometric sensing, optical communication network.At present, most of fiber optic interferometric sensor-based systems and optical communication network system all are based on the interference sensing system of laser and using the laser of laser emitting as communication signal source, and the live width of laser and tunable characteristic limitations the dynamic characteristic of its interference sensing distance, sensing and Networks of Fiber Communications bandwidth with and dynamic characteristic, so the research of narrow line width regulatable laser has attracted numerous researchers' concern.
Common tunable laser mainly contains outside cavity gas laser, Injection Current semiconductor laser modulation.
External-cavity tunable laser mainly is based on semi-conductive outside cavity gas laser, and its basic structure is to insert beam splitter in exocoel, by the feedback mechanism of regulating outside beam splitter and chamber, realizes the tuning of optical maser wavelength.In outside cavity gas laser, adopt the optical standard tool of Gao Rui to compress Laser output bandwidth and the tunable narrow-band optical filter be complementary.The introducing of exocoel can reduce laser threshold current, reduce its light angle of divergence and narrow the live width of laser.
In outside cavity gas laser, it narrows the mechanism of live width to adopt the three mirror cavity theoretical model analysis, as shown in Figure 1.Making the length between laser front facet 7 and laser rear end face 8 is L
0, the reflection coefficient of front end face and rear end face is respectively r
1and r
2, rear end face 8 is L to the external cavity length between outer resonator end surface 9
ext, the exocoel reflection coefficient is r
3, the refractive index of laser medium is n, initial optical frequency is ν
0, it is ν that the optical frequency after exocoel is arranged, τ
inand τ
extbe respectively inner chamber and exocoel time delay, α is the live width broadening factor, and C is the light feedback intensity, and phase condition is:
Live width δ ν while drawing without exocoel according to phase condition
0, when exocoel is arranged live width δ ν the relationship of the two as shown in the formula:
Obtained by formula (2), when exocoel is arranged, select suitable external cavity length and feedback intensity C can obtain the live width δ ν narrowed.
Mainly there is following problem in the narrow line width regulatable laser that external cavity semiconductor laser obtains: 1, in external cavity semiconductor laser, temperature characterisitic affects the output characteristic of laser, need to adopt extra temperature control equipment and narrow-band optical filter, strengthened manufacture difficulty and cost of manufacture.2, external cavity semiconductor laser and the fibre system degree of coupling are lower, have limited its application in Fibre Optical Sensor and optical fiber telecommunications system.
The Injection Current semiconductor laser modulation is by the output wavelength of Injection Current tunable semiconductor lasers, and then realizes the purpose of wavelength tuning, and mainly there is following problem in it:
1, the amplitude due to the semiconductor laser Injection Current is limited to semi-conductive Injection Current working range, thereby limited the tuning range of its output wavelength, the tuning range of typical current-injecting F-P type semiconductor laser generally, in the 0.1nm left and right, causes range of application limited;
2, the current-injecting semiconductor laser carries out when tuning, the laser works unstable properties, and output-power fluctuation is serious, affects application scenario;
3, semiconductor laser typical case live width scope is 2nm, be generally the work of many longitudinal modes, cause the monochromaticjty of laser beam and coherence poor, affected its transmission and sensing characteristics, and during telecommute, the angle of divergence is larger, directly limit its application scenario and operating distance.
The utility model content
The utility model, for the problems referred to above, provides a kind of full fiber type external cavity type tunable optical fiber laser, this laser works stable performance, and application scenario is extensive.
According to the technical solution of the utility model: a kind of full fiber type external cavity type tunable optical fiber laser, comprise fiber grating, gain media and the coupler of the connected exocoel with reflection characteristic of order, wavelength division multiplexer, tunable characteristic, another input port of described wavelength division multiplexer is connected with pump unit; The pumping laser of described pump unit outgoing is introduced described gain media by described wavelength division multiplexer and is made the gain media population inversion; The fiber grating of described tunable characteristic and described coupler form the linear resonant cavity of laser, and the tunable laser of the optic fiber grating wavelength of selection and described tunable characteristic coupling being exported by the output port of described coupler.
The fiber grating of described tunable characteristic comprises mechanic adjustment unit, described mechanic adjustment unit comprises that is fixed a movably adjusting bracket of another section, fiber grating sticks on movably adjusting bracket, by manually the pulling force of fiber grating being regulated and obtained the tuning of wavelength.
The fiber grating of described tunable characteristic comprises mechanic adjustment unit, described mechanic adjustment unit comprises piezoelectric ceramic, fiber grating sticks on two ends of piezoelectric ceramic, uses signal generator or programmable signal generator generation signal to obtain the tuning of wavelength to Piezoelectric Ceramic.
The fiber grating of described tunable characteristic comprises mechanic adjustment unit, and described mechanic adjustment unit comprises programmable adjusting bracket, and fiber grating sticks on programmable adjusting bracket, by programming, drives the movement of adjusting bracket to obtain the tuning of wavelength.
The described exocoel with reflection characteristic is the exocoel that coupler two outputs merge the annular mirror formation formed.
The described exocoel with reflection characteristic is that the exocoel that deielectric-coating forms is pasted on an octave angle APC wire jumper head and a porcelain bushing surface, and described deielectric-coating is nonmetal medium film or metal dielectric-coating.
The described exocoel with reflection characteristic is that the exocoel that deielectric-coating forms the Fabry Perot chamber formation with certain reflectivity is pasted on a straight angle PC wire jumper head and a porcelain bushing surface, and described deielectric-coating is nonmetal medium film or metal dielectric-coating.
The end face that the bare fiber that the described exocoel with reflection characteristic is the peeling optical fibre coat is cut into plane is coated with the exocoel that deielectric-coating forms, and described deielectric-coating is nonmetal medium film or metal dielectric-coating.
According to another kind of technical scheme of the present utility model: a kind of full fiber type external cavity type tunable optical fiber laser, comprise the connected exocoel with reflection characteristic of order, fiber grating and the coupler of tunable characteristic, be connected with ringwise wavelength division multiplexer, gain media and one-way isolator in turn between two ports of described coupler, another input port of described wavelength division multiplexer is connected with pump unit; The pumping laser of described pump unit outgoing is introduced described gain media by described wavelength division multiplexer and is made the gain media population inversion; The fiber grating of described tunable characteristic selects to form with described coupler the ring resonator of laser, and the tunable laser of the optic fiber grating wavelength of selection and described tunable characteristic coupling being exported by the output port of described coupler.
According to another technical scheme of the present utility model: a kind of full fiber type external cavity type tunable optical fiber laser, comprise the connected exocoel with reflection characteristic of order, fiber grating and the circulator of tunable characteristic, be connected with ringwise wavelength division multiplexer, gain media and coupler in turn between two ports of described circulator, another input port of described wavelength division multiplexer is connected with pump unit; The pumping laser of described pump unit outgoing is introduced described gain media by described wavelength division multiplexer and is made the gain media population inversion; The fiber grating of described tunable characteristic selects to form with described circulator the ring resonator of laser, and the tunable laser of the optic fiber grating wavelength of selection and described tunable characteristic coupling being exported by the output port of described coupler.
Technique effect of the present utility model is: the utility model adopts fiber laser; with respect to semiconductor laser; for single longitudinal mode or few longitudinal mode output; good coherence, mode characteristic and less beam divergence angle can fully be applied to remote recording and measure; and all optical fibre structure coupled modes are simple, compact conformation, can meet the application demand that particular distance is measured occasion.Linear cavity fiber laser in the utility model, can realize higher measurement sensitivity, can realize the measuring range that bandwidth is wider, can guarantee great dynamic range response high-sensitivity measurement; Circular cavity optic fibre laser in the utility model can obtain higher power output, can guarantee the application to the power output high requirement.The utility model has higher coupling efficiency to optical fiber sensing system and optical fiber telecommunications system, can realize low-loss coupling.
The accompanying drawing explanation
The three mirror cavity theoretical model that Fig. 1 is outside cavity gas laser.
The structural representation that Fig. 2 is the utility model the first embodiment.
The structural representation that Fig. 3 is the utility model the second embodiment.
The structural representation that Fig. 4 is the third embodiment of the utility model.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, embodiment of the present utility model is further described.
In Fig. 1-Fig. 4, comprise fiber grating 2, gain media 3, coupler 4, the exocoel 5 with reflection characteristic, pump unit 6, front end face 7, rear end face 8, outer resonator end surface 9, one-way isolator 10, circulator 11 of wavelength division multiplexer 1, tunable characteristic etc.
As shown in Figure 2, be the first embodiment of the present utility model.This embodiment is the tunable linear cavity fiber laser of a kind of full fiber type external cavity type, comprise fiber grating 2, gain media 3 and the coupler 4 of the connected exocoel with reflection characteristic 5 of order, wavelength division multiplexer 1, tunable characteristic, another input port of wavelength division multiplexer 1 is connected with pump unit 6.
As shown in Figure 3, be the second embodiment of the present utility model.This embodiment is a kind of full fiber type external cavity type tunable ring cavity optical fibre laser, comprise the connected exocoel with reflection characteristic 5 of order, fiber grating 2 and the coupler 4 of tunable characteristic, be connected with ringwise wavelength division multiplexer 1, gain media 3 and one-way isolator 10 in turn between two ports of coupler 4, another input port of wavelength division multiplexer 1 is connected with pump unit 6.The effect of one-way isolator 10 is to guarantee the laser Unidirectional.
The pumping laser of pump unit 6 outgoing is introduced gain media 3 by wavelength division multiplexer 1 and is made gain media 3 population inversion; The fiber grating 2 of tunable characteristic and coupler 4 form the ring resonator of lasers, and the Wavelength matched tunable laser of the fiber grating 2 of selection and tunable characteristic being exported by the output port of coupler 4.
As shown in Figure 4, be the third embodiment of the present utility model.This embodiment is also a kind of full fiber type external cavity type tunable ring cavity optical fibre laser, comprise the connected exocoel with reflection characteristic 5 of order, fiber grating 2 and the circulator 11 of tunable characteristic, be connected with ringwise wavelength division multiplexer 1, gain media 3 and coupler 4 in turn between two ports of circulator 11, another input port of wavelength division multiplexer 1 is connected with pump unit 6.The effect of circulator 11 is to guarantee the laser Unidirectional.
The pumping laser of pump unit 6 outgoing is introduced gain media 3 by wavelength division multiplexer 1 and is made gain media 3 population inversion; The fiber grating 2 of tunable characteristic and circulator 11 form the ring resonator of lasers, and the Wavelength matched tunable laser of the fiber grating 2 of selection and tunable characteristic being exported by the output port of coupler 4.
The fiber grating 2 of the tunable characteristic in the above-mentioned three kinds of embodiment of the utility model comprises mechanic adjustment unit, and mechanic adjustment unit comprises following several form.
The mechanic adjustment unit of the first form comprises that is fixed a movably adjusting bracket of another section, and fiber grating sticks on movably adjusting bracket, by manually the pulling force of fiber grating being regulated and obtained the tuning of wavelength.
The mechanic adjustment unit of the second form comprises piezoelectric ceramic, and fiber grating sticks on two ends of piezoelectric ceramic, uses signal generator or programmable signal generator generation signal to obtain the tuning of wavelength to Piezoelectric Ceramic.
The mechanic adjustment unit of the third form comprises programmable adjusting bracket, and fiber grating sticks on programmable adjusting bracket, by programming, drives the movement of adjusting bracket to obtain the tuning of wavelength.
Gain media 3 is Er-doped fiber or erbium-ytterbium co-doped fiber.Er-doped fiber has very wide emission band, can cover C and L-band.Erbium-ytterbium co-doped fiber has wider Absorber Bandwidth and higher absorption coefficient with respect to Er-doped fiber, and therefore shorter gain media just can reach the laser condition of resonance and greatly reduce laser resonant cavity length.
The exocoel with reflection characteristic 5 in the utility model comprises take Types Below: the exocoel 5 that 1, has reflection characteristic is that coupler two outputs merge the exocoel that the annular mirror that forms forms.2, the exocoel 5 that has a reflection characteristic is that the exocoel that deielectric-coating forms is pasted on an octave angle APC wire jumper head and a porcelain bushing surface.3, the exocoel 5 that has a reflection characteristic is that a straight angle PC wire jumper head and a porcelain bushing surface are pasted deielectric-coating and formed the exocoel that Fabry Perot chamber with certain reflectivity forms.4, the exocoel 5 that has a reflection characteristic is coated with for the end face that the bare fiber of peeling optical fibre coat is cut into plane the exocoel that deielectric-coating forms.
Above-mentioned deielectric-coating can be the nonmetal medium films such as Graphene, carborundum, can be also that metal dielectric-coating comprises gold and silver copper-iron-aluminium zinc etc., described deielectric-coating production process can adopt the film plating process such as plating, chemical plating, pulsed laser deposition, chemical vapour deposition (CVD), molecular beam epitaxy, collosol and gel, magnetron sputtering, oxidizing process, ion implantation, diffusion method, galvanoplastic, rubbing method, liquid phase method of formation to obtain.
The utlity model has following advantage:
1, fiber laser, with respect to semiconductor laser, because the large scattering of surface area of optical fiber is fast, does not need extra temperature stabilization control device.
2, fiber laser, with respect to semiconductor laser, has higher coupling efficiency to optical fiber sensing system and optical fiber telecommunications system, thereby can realize low-loss coupling.
3, to adopt the moving range of the tuning wavelength of external cavity type tunable optical fiber laser can reach tens nm even higher for the utility model, and the tuning semiconductor laser of Injection Current has larger tuning range relatively.Therefore the utility model system applies scope is relatively higher.
4, the utility model adopts the fiber laser wide-band tuning characteristic of external cavity type tunable optical fiber laser can guarantee high gain characteristics and the stable output power that fiber laser tuning process broadband is smooth.
5, the external cavity type tunable optical fiber laser that the utility model adopts; with respect to semiconductor laser; for single longitudinal mode or few longitudinal mode output; good coherence, mode characteristic and less beam divergence angle can fully be applied to remote recording and measure; and all optical fibre structure coupled modes are simple, compact conformation, can meet the application demand that particular distance is measured occasion.
Claims (10)
1. a full fiber type external cavity type tunable optical fiber laser, it is characterized in that: comprise fiber grating (2), gain media (3) and the coupler (4) of the connected exocoel with reflection characteristic (5) of order, wavelength division multiplexer (1), tunable characteristic, another input port of described wavelength division multiplexer (1) is connected with pump unit (6); The pumping laser of described pump unit (6) outgoing is introduced described gain media (3) by described wavelength division multiplexer (1) and is made the gain media population inversion; The fiber grating of described tunable characteristic (2) and described coupler (4) form the linear resonant cavity of laser, and the Wavelength matched tunable laser of the fiber grating of selection and described tunable characteristic (2) being exported by the output port of described coupler (4).
2. according to full fiber type external cavity type tunable optical fiber laser claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the fiber grating of described tunable characteristic (2) comprises mechanic adjustment unit, described mechanic adjustment unit comprises that is fixed a movably adjusting bracket of another section, fiber grating sticks on movably adjusting bracket, by manually the pulling force of fiber grating being regulated and obtained the tuning of wavelength.
3. according to full fiber type external cavity type tunable optical fiber laser claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the fiber grating of described tunable characteristic (2) comprises mechanic adjustment unit, described mechanic adjustment unit comprises piezoelectric ceramic, fiber grating sticks on two ends of piezoelectric ceramic, uses signal generator or programmable signal generator generation signal to obtain the tuning of wavelength to Piezoelectric Ceramic.
4. according to full fiber type external cavity type tunable optical fiber laser claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the fiber grating of described tunable characteristic (2) comprises mechanic adjustment unit, described mechanic adjustment unit comprises programmable adjusting bracket, fiber grating sticks on programmable adjusting bracket, by programming, drives the movement of adjusting bracket to obtain the tuning of wavelength.
5. according to full fiber type external cavity type tunable optical fiber laser claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the exocoel that the annular mirror that the described exocoel (5) with reflection characteristic forms for coupler two outputs merge forms.
6. according to full fiber type external cavity type tunable optical fiber laser claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the described exocoel (5) with reflection characteristic is that the exocoel that deielectric-coating forms is pasted on an octave angle APC wire jumper head and a porcelain bushing surface, and described deielectric-coating is nonmetal medium film or metal dielectric-coating.
7. according to full fiber type external cavity type tunable optical fiber laser claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the described exocoel (5) with reflection characteristic is that the exocoel that deielectric-coating forms the Fabry Perot chamber formation with certain reflectivity is pasted on a straight angle PC wire jumper head and a porcelain bushing surface, and described deielectric-coating is nonmetal medium film or metal dielectric-coating.
8. according to full fiber type external cavity type tunable optical fiber laser claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the described exocoel (5) with reflection characteristic is coated with for the end face that the bare fiber of peeling optical fibre coat is cut into plane the exocoel that deielectric-coating forms, and described deielectric-coating is nonmetal medium film or metal dielectric-coating.
9. a full fiber type external cavity type tunable optical fiber laser, it is characterized in that: comprise the connected exocoel with reflection characteristic (5) of order, fiber grating (2) and the coupler (4) of tunable characteristic, be connected with ringwise wavelength division multiplexer (1), gain media (3) and one-way isolator (10) between two ports of described coupler (4) in turn, another input port of described wavelength division multiplexer (1) is connected with pump unit (6); The pumping laser of described pump unit (6) outgoing is introduced described gain media (3) by described wavelength division multiplexer (1) and is made gain media (3) population inversion; The fiber grating of described tunable characteristic (2) and described coupler (4) form the ring resonator of laser, and the Wavelength matched tunable laser of the fiber grating of selection and described tunable characteristic (2) being exported by the output port of described coupler (4).
10. a full fiber type external cavity type tunable optical fiber laser, it is characterized in that: comprise the connected exocoel with reflection characteristic (5) of order, fiber grating (2) and the circulator (11) of tunable characteristic, be connected with ringwise wavelength division multiplexer (1), gain media (3) and coupler (4) between two ports of described circulator (11) in turn, another input port of described wavelength division multiplexer (1) is connected with pump unit (6); The pumping laser of described pump unit (6) outgoing is introduced described gain media (3) by described wavelength division multiplexer (1) and is made gain media (3) population inversion; The fiber grating of described tunable characteristic (2) and described annular chamber (11) form the ring resonator of laser, and the Wavelength matched tunable laser of the fiber grating of selection and described tunable characteristic (2) being exported by the output port of described coupler (4).
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Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN103427318A (en) * | 2013-08-08 | 2013-12-04 | 安徽大学 | All-fiber external cavity type tunable fiber laser |
CN108899755A (en) * | 2015-07-03 | 2018-11-27 | 安徽大学 | Tunable optical microcavity adulterates laser |
CN110823517A (en) * | 2018-05-31 | 2020-02-21 | 安徽大学 | Method for measuring feedback factor C in laser feedback system |
CN112816097A (en) * | 2021-01-06 | 2021-05-18 | 华中科技大学 | Optical fiber random laser high-temperature sensor |
CN114503003A (en) * | 2019-09-27 | 2022-05-13 | ams国际有限公司 | Optical device, photon detector, and method of manufacturing optical device |
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2013
- 2013-08-08 CN CN201320481513.XU patent/CN203377480U/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (10)
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CN103427318A (en) * | 2013-08-08 | 2013-12-04 | 安徽大学 | All-fiber external cavity type tunable fiber laser |
CN103427318B (en) * | 2013-08-08 | 2016-07-06 | 安徽大学 | All-fiber external cavity type tunable fiber laser |
CN108899755A (en) * | 2015-07-03 | 2018-11-27 | 安徽大学 | Tunable optical microcavity adulterates laser |
CN108899755B (en) * | 2015-07-03 | 2020-07-31 | 安徽大学 | Tunable optical microcavity doped laser |
CN110823517A (en) * | 2018-05-31 | 2020-02-21 | 安徽大学 | Method for measuring feedback factor C in laser feedback system |
CN110823517B (en) * | 2018-05-31 | 2021-06-08 | 安徽大学 | Method for measuring feedback factor C in laser feedback system |
CN114503003A (en) * | 2019-09-27 | 2022-05-13 | ams国际有限公司 | Optical device, photon detector, and method of manufacturing optical device |
CN114503003B (en) * | 2019-09-27 | 2024-01-26 | ams国际有限公司 | Optical device, photon detector, and method of manufacturing optical device |
CN112816097A (en) * | 2021-01-06 | 2021-05-18 | 华中科技大学 | Optical fiber random laser high-temperature sensor |
CN112816097B (en) * | 2021-01-06 | 2022-05-31 | 华中科技大学 | Optical fiber random laser high-temperature sensor |
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C25 | Abandonment of patent right or utility model to avoid double patenting |