CN100422375C - Chromium steel series die steel and heat treatment technique thereof - Google Patents
Chromium steel series die steel and heat treatment technique thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN100422375C CN100422375C CNB2006100492637A CN200610049263A CN100422375C CN 100422375 C CN100422375 C CN 100422375C CN B2006100492637 A CNB2006100492637 A CN B2006100492637A CN 200610049263 A CN200610049263 A CN 200610049263A CN 100422375 C CN100422375 C CN 100422375C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to alloy tool steel, particularly to novel chromium steel series die steel and a heat treatment technology thereof. The novel chrome steel series die steel contains materials according to weight percentage: 1.2 to 1.5% of carbon, 11 to 12.5% of chromium, 0.3 to 0.8% of molybdenum, 0.3 to 0.8 % of vanadium, 0.1 to 0.3% of nickel, 0.3 to 1.0% of tungsten, 0.1 to 0.4% of silicon, 0.1 to 0.4% of manganese, 0.3 to 2% of cobalt, at most 0.015 % of sulfur, at most 0.02 % of phosphorus and Fe as the rest. Compared with die steel Cr8Mo2V1Si made in China, the alloy steel materials of the present invention use the chromium to replace a great amount of the molybdenum, so that the productive cost of the alloy steel is reduced. The alloy steel has the advantages of good processing performance, easy forging, good hardenability and excellent quenching stability. The toughness and the wear resistance of the alloy steel are better than those of the die steel Cr8Mo2V1Si made in China. The material cost is reduced about 5000 Yuan per ton, and the alloy tool steel with good toughness is a material for producing a large batch of continuous stamping dies, and is especially suitable for producing high viscosity material punching dies and precision stamping dies. The present invention additionally provides the heat treatment technology of the die steel.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of alloy tool steel, relate in particular to a kind of chromium steel series die steel and thermal treatment process thereof.
Background technology
Oneself becomes production compression molding, especially the main processing means of household electrical appliances, daily necessities.The working conditions of mould reaches performance demands is varied, thereby selects different steel classes for use at different service conditions.Performance-the price of die steel is than being the parameter of weighing its economic benefit, and cold extrusion die also requires high as far as possible obdurability except that requiring the crushing resistance close with other cold-working moulds (being hardness).Require simultaneously the mould of high life (big as far as possible punching press number of packages) again for the processing high-strength material, then especially require fatigue resistance, fatigue cracking is risen in the tiny flaw that is exposed to the surface in the steel, under the repeated stress effect, expansion gradually promptly causes mould to lose efficacy to certain-length.
The existing general homemade die steel Cr of employing of die steel material that is used for heavy viscous material punching die and precision stamping mould
8Mo
2V
1Si makes, and the composition of alloy is: C1.1%, Cr8.3%, Mo2.1%, Si0.9%, Mn0.4%, V0.5%.Lines were clear inadequately, full when the mould that this steel alloy is made used, and fine degree can not satisfy the requirement of producing expensive goods.When mould used, because toughness and wear resisting property are not enough, the pressure-bearing number of times of mould and the work-ing life of mould were not very desirable simultaneously.Simultaneously, contain more high-load Mo, now owing to Mo on the world market lacks, the price comparison costliness, the cost of therefore producing alloy also raises greatly.
Chinese invention patent (publication number is CN1116661) discloses the empty hard tool steel of a kind of little distortion, it is characterized in that carbon containing C1.00～1.10%, contain manganese Mn0.60～0.80%, siliceous Si0.50～0.70% contains chromium Cr3.70～4.20%, contains molybdenum Mo0.80～1.00%, contain vanadium V0.40～0.50%, sulfur-bearing S＜0.02%, phosphorous P＜0.02%, all the other are the content of iron Fe.Heat treatment deformation is atomic, annealing hardness HB200～220, air quenching hardness HRC58～62, the hardening capacity height, can extensively substitute oil quenching worker, die steel, be used for light cut and thin, long, thin cutting tool at a slow speed, cold-work die, model and roll etc., instrument and Mold Making process are simplified, high life.But this tool steel is the same with the Cr8Mo2V1Si steel, all contains more high-load Mo.
Chinese invention patent (publication number is CN1166533) discloses a kind of novel Ledeburite-less high-alloy cold-working die steel, its composition is: C0.4～1.4%, Cr7.0～10.0%, Mo1.0～2.0%, V2.0～8.0%, because carbon content is low, thus when the ingot casting condensation, do not form the Lai Shi eutectic, thereby do not have carbide segregation and thick carbide.About HRC55, textura epidermoidea and hardness and famous powder cold-work die steel V-4, V-10 are suitable through specific thermal treatment (comprising controlled no inner oxidation over-carburizing, low temperature quenching and low-temperaturetempering) back centre hardness.This steel alloy contains more high-load Mo, V equally, so production cost is also higher.
It is C:0.5～0.65% that Chinese invention patent ZL02100041 discloses a kind of high-strength tough cold extruded die steel composition range, Cr:4.5～5.5%, Mo:1.0～2.0%, W:0.2～0.8%, V:0.40～0.80%, Si:0.30～0.60%, Mn≤0.40%, S.P≤0.30%, RE rare earth element≤0.30%, above numeral is weight percentage, and surplus is an iron.The advantage of this invention is: be used for (HRC 57-62 divides two class) cold extruding die of Stainless Steel Watch Band element, watchcase etc. with quenching-Annealed Strip, mould is used homemade Cr than former
12Mo V increases mean life.But this steel alloy contains more high-load Mo equally, so production cost is also higher.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve Cr
8Mo
2V
1Lines were meticulous inadequately when the mould that Si makes used, die life short, particularly the high defective of production cost.The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of replaced C r
8Mo
2V
1Si also has enough toughness and wear resistance after quenching, can make meticulous mould, long service life, the chromium steel series die steel that production cost is low.
Second purpose of the present invention provides the thermal treatment process of above-mentioned chromium steel series die steel.
In order to reach first above-mentioned goal of the invention, the present invention has adopted following technical scheme:
A kind of chromium steel series die steel, this die steel comprises by weight percentage: carbon C1.2～1.5%, chromium Cr11～12.5%, molybdenum Mo0.3～0.8%, vanadium V0.3～0.8%, nickel 0.1～0.3%, tungsten W0.3～1.0%, silicon Si0.1～0.4%, manganese Mn0.1～0.4%, cobalt Co0.3～2%, sulphur S≤0.015%, phosphorus P≤0.02%, its surplus are iron Fe.
As preferably, this die steel comprises by weight percentage: carbon C1.25～1.35%, chromium Cr11.3～12%, molybdenum Mo0.4～0.6%, vanadium V0.4～0.6%, nickel 0.1～0.3%, tungsten W0.4～0.6%, silicon Si0.1～0.4%, manganese Mn0.1～0.4%, cobalt Co0.4～0.6%, sulphur S≤0.015%, phosphorus P≤0.02%, its surplus are iron Fe.
As most preferably, this die steel comprises by weight percentage: carbon C1.3%, chromium Cr11.5%, molybdenum Mo05%, vanadium V0.5%, nickel 0.2%, tungsten W0.5%, silicon Si0.2%, manganese Mn0.2%, cobalt Co0.5%, sulphur S≤0.015%, phosphorus P≤0.02%, its surplus is iron Fe.
As preferably, this die steel also comprises: the niobium below 0.3%.
As preferably, this die steel also comprises: the titanium below 0.3%.
As preferably, this die steel also comprises: the rare earth element below 0.05%.
In order to realize second purpose of the present invention, the thermal treatment process of chromium steel series die steel of the present invention may further comprise the steps:
(1), for the first time preheat, pre-heating temperature is 550～650 ℃, and the time of preheating is 30～60 minutes;
(2), for the second time preheat, pre-heating temperature is 800～900 ℃ for the second time, and the time of preheating is 30～60 minutes;
(3), the heating of quenching, quenching temperature is 1000～1040 ℃, adopts the cooling of oil cooling or air cooling or salt bath;
(4), tempering, tempering temperature is 200～220 ℃, air cooling is to room temperature then.
As preferably, adopt the oil cooling cooling in the step (3), classification insulation in the oil cooling, holding temperature is 200～250 ℃.
As preferably, adopt salt bath cooling cooling in the step (3), classification insulation in the salt bath cooling, holding temperature is 400～450 ℃.
As preferably, after cooling off, tempering carries out temper once more.
What the main composition range of the present invention was determined the reasons are as follows:
Carbon, the various carbide that it and carbide forming element form are vital tissue factors that steel obtains hot strength.An amount of superfluous carbide can stop grain growth, improves wear resistance.But carbon content is too high, can make steel lose plasticity, because carbide is too much, skewness can cause that also mould bursts apart in addition.The suitable content of carbon of the present invention is 1.2～1.5%.
Silicon its objective is the hardening capacity, temper resistance and the matrix strength that improve steel, guarantees hot strength, hot hardness and the thermostability of steel, and the suitable content of silicon of the present invention is 0.1～0.4%.
Manganese its objective is the hardening capacity that improves steel, eliminates the harmful effect that sulphur exists simultaneously, and the suitable content of manganese of the present invention is 0.1～0.4%.
Chromium, main effect is hardening capacity and the oxidation-resistance that improves steel, and chromium is a kind of intensive carbide forming element, and it can form multiple compound with carbon, and forms the compound compound with iron carbon, but too high chromium content impairs the hot strength of steel.The suitable content of chromium of the present invention is 11～12.5%.
Vanadium, molybdenum, tungsten are the strong carbide forming element.Adding vanadium 0.3～0.8% can prevent the thermo-responsive tendency of mistake of steel, improves the hot hardness and the hot strength of steel.Add molybdenum Mo0.3～0.8% and can improve hardening capacity and heat resistance.Add tungsten 0.3～1.0% and play the effect that improves heat resistance.
Cobalt is non-carbide forming element.The main hot strength that improves steel alloy, the thermohardening and the workability of raising steel.But too high cobalt contents will influence economy of the present invention.The suitable content of cobalt of the present invention is 0.3～2.0%.
Nickel is non-carbide forming element, improves the intensity of steel by the solution strengthening mode, simultaneously plasticity is also had improvement.Simultaneously, add the critical quenching rate that nickel can reduce steel, thereby the hardening capacity of steel is improved greatly.Chromium nickel coexists in the steel, can improve the comprehensive mechanical performance of steel greatly.The suitable content of nickel of the present invention is 0.1～0.2%.
Niobium, it is the carbide forming element also stronger than vanadium.A spot of niobium mainly exists with the form of niobium carbide in the steel.Can stop austenite crystal to be grown up, thereby improve toughness, improve hot worked processing performance.The present invention adopts the niobium below 0.3%.
Titanium can improve wear resisting property.The present invention adopts the titanium below 0.3%.
Rare earth, to the antioxidant property that improves alloy, tangible effect is arranged, in addition, rare earth also has directly and improves FATIGUE CRACK GROWTH.The present invention adopts the rare earth element below 0.05%.
Sulphur S of the present invention≤0.015%, phosphorus P≤0.02%, the purity height of steel alloy, the anti-fatigue performance of steel alloy and other mechanical propertys are all very good.
Alloy steel material of the present invention and homemade die steel Cr
8Mo
2V
1The Si ratio has replaced a large amount of molybdenums with chromium, has saved the usage quantity of molybdenum, greatly reduces the production cost of steel alloy; Add a spot of nickel, tungsten and improved hardening capacity, toughness and the wear resistance of steel; Add non-carbide element cobalt, have the reinforcement basic functions, improved the thermohardening and the processing characteristics of steel alloy.Therefore this steel alloy good processability, easily forging, hardening capacity is good, and the stability of quenching is splendid, and toughness, wear resistance all are better than homemade die steel Cr
8Mo
2V
1Si, and material cost reduces by 5000 yuan/ton, is a kind of moulding stock of punching press continuously in enormous quantities that is used to make, toughness spy is good, is specially adapted to make heavy viscous material punching die and precision stamping mould.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is chromium steel series die steel heat treatment cycle curve figure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is chromium steel series die steel tempering curve figure of the present invention.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
A kind of chromium steel series die steel, this die steel comprises by weight percentage: carbon C1.3%, chromium Cr11.5%, molybdenum Mo05%, vanadium V0.5%, nickel 0.2%, tungsten W0.5%, silicon Si0.2%, manganese Mn0.2%, cobalt Co0.5%, niobium 0.3%, titanium 0.3%, rare earth element 0.05%, sulphur S≤0.015%, phosphorus P≤0.02%, its surplus are iron Fe.
Above-mentioned chromium steel series die steel thermal treatment process, can adopt following steps to carry out:
(1), for the first time preheat, pre-heating temperature is 550～650 ℃, and the time of preheating is 60 minutes;
(2), for the second time preheat, the secondary pre-heating temperature is 800～900 ℃, and the time of preheating is 45 minutes;
(3), the heating of quenching, quenching temperature is 1000～1040 ℃, the cool time is: 25+ material thickness/2 (minute), adopt the salt bath cooling then; Classification insulation in the salt bath cooling, holding temperature is 400～450 ℃, is cooled to room temperature then;
(5), tempering for the first time, tempering temperature is 200～220 ℃, tempering time is 2.5 hours, air cooling is to room temperature then;
(6), tempering for the second time, tempering temperature is 200～220 ℃, tempering time is 2.5 hours, air cooling is to room temperature then.
Embodiment 2
A kind of chromium steel series die steel, this die steel comprises by weight percentage: carbon C1.25%, chromium Cr11.3%, molybdenum Mo0.4%, vanadium V0.4%, nickel 0.1%, tungsten W0.3%, silicon Si0.1%, manganese Mn0.1%, cobalt Co0.4%, sulphur S≤0.015%, phosphorus P≤0.02%, its surplus is iron Fe.
(1), for the first time preheat, pre-heating temperature is 550～650 ℃, and the time of preheating is 60 minutes;
(2), for the second time preheat, the secondary pre-heating temperature is 800～900 ℃, and the time of preheating is 45 minutes;
(3), the heating of quenching, quenching temperature is 1000～1040 ℃, the cool time is: 25+ material thickness/2 (minute), air cooling is to room temperature then;
(4), tempering for the first time, tempering temperature is 200～220 ℃, tempering time is 2.5 hours, air cooling is to room temperature then;
(5), tempering for the second time, tempering temperature is 200～220 ℃, tempering time is 2.5 hours, air cooling is to room temperature then.
Embodiment 3
A kind of chromium steel series die steel, this die steel comprises by weight percentage: carbon C1.35%, chromium Cr12.0%, molybdenum Mo0.6%, vanadium V0.6%, nickel 0.3%, tungsten W0.8%, silicon Si0.4%, manganese Mn0.4%, niobium 0.3%, titanium 0.3%, cobalt Co0.6%, rare earth element 0.05%, sulphur S≤0.015%, phosphorus P≤0.02%, its surplus are iron Fe.
Above-mentioned chromium steel series die steel thermal treatment process, can adopt following steps to carry out:
(1), for the first time preheat, pre-heating temperature is 550～650 ℃, and the time of preheating is 60 minutes;
(2), for the second time preheat, the secondary pre-heating temperature is 800～900 ℃, and the time of preheating is 45 minutes;
(3), the heating of quenching, quenching temperature is 1000～1040 ℃, the cool time is: 25+ material thickness/2 (minute), adopt the oil cooling cooling then, classification insulation in the oil cooling, holding temperature is 200～250 ℃.
(5), tempering for the first time, tempering temperature is 200～220 ℃, tempering time is 2.5 hours, air cooling is to room temperature then;
(6), tempering for the second time, tempering temperature is 200～220 ℃, tempering time is 2.5 hours, air cooling is to room temperature then.
Claims (10)
1. a chromium steel series die steel is characterized in that this die steel comprises by weight percentage: carbon C1.2～1.5%, chromium Cr 11～12.5%, molybdenum Mo 0.3～0.6%, vanadium V 0.3～0.8%, nickel 0.1～0.3%, tungsten W 0.3～1.0%, silicon Si 0.1～0.4%, manganese Mn 0.1～0.4%, cobalt Co 0.3～2%, sulphur S≤0.015%, phosphorus P≤0.02%, its surplus are iron Fe.
2. a kind of chromium steel series die steel as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that this die steel comprises by weight percentage: carbon C 1.25～1.35%, chromium Cr 11.3～12%, molybdenum Mo 0.4～0.6%, vanadium V 0.4～0.6%, nickel 0.1～0.3%, tungsten W 0.4～0.6%, silicon Si 0.1～0.4%, manganese Mn 0.1～0.4%, cobalt Co 0.4～0.6%, sulphur S≤0.015%, phosphorus P≤0.02%, its surplus are iron Fe.
3. a kind of chromium steel series die steel as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that this die steel comprises by weight percentage: carbon C 1.3%, chromium Cr 11.5%, molybdenum Mo 0.5%, vanadium V 0.5%, nickel 0.2%, tungsten W 0.5%, silicon Si 0.2%, manganese Mn 0.2%, cobalt Co 0.5%, sulphur S≤0.015%, phosphorus P≤0.02%, its surplus are iron Fe.
4. as claim 1 or 2 or 3 described a kind of chromium steel series die steels, it is characterized in that this die steel also comprises: the niobium below 0.3%.
5. as claim 1 or 2 or 3 described a kind of chromium steel series die steels, it is characterized in that this die steel also comprises: the titanium below 0.3%.
6. as claim 1 or 2 or 3 described a kind of chromium steel series die steels, it is characterized in that this die steel also comprises: the rare earth element below 0.05%.
7. the thermal treatment process of chromium steel series die steel as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
(1), for the first time preheat, pre-heating temperature is 550～650 ℃, and the time of preheating is 30～60 minutes;
(2), for the second time preheat, pre-heating temperature is 800～900 ℃ for the second time, and the time of preheating is 30～60 minutes;
(3), the heating of quenching, quenching temperature is 1000～1040 ℃, adopts the cooling of oil cooling or air cooling or salt bath;
(4), tempering, tempering temperature is 200～220 ℃, air cooling is to room temperature then.
8. the thermal treatment process of chromium steel series die steel as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that adopting the oil cooling cooling in the step (3), classification insulation in the oil cooling, and holding temperature is 200～250 ℃.
9. the thermal treatment process of chromium steel series die steel as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that adopting in the step (3) the salt bath cooling, classification insulation in the salt bath cooling, and holding temperature is 400～450 ℃.
10. the thermal treatment process of chromium steel series die steel as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that carrying out temper once more after the tempering cooling.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2006100492637A CN100422375C (en) | 2006-01-25 | 2006-01-25 | Chromium steel series die steel and heat treatment technique thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2006100492637A CN100422375C (en) | 2006-01-25 | 2006-01-25 | Chromium steel series die steel and heat treatment technique thereof |
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|---|---|
| CN1824823A CN1824823A (en) | 2006-08-30 |
| CN100422375C true CN100422375C (en) | 2008-10-01 |
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| CN103602925B (en) * | 2013-11-29 | 2015-08-12 | 内蒙古包钢钢联股份有限公司 | A kind of containing the heating of Ni steel and the method removing iron scale |
| CN103774049B (en) * | 2014-01-18 | 2015-12-09 | 山西百一机械设备制造有限公司 | High-ductility high wear-resistant height chromium ledeburite cold-work die steel and preparation method thereof |
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| JPS60198713A (en) * | 1984-03-22 | 1985-10-08 | Sawafuji Electric Co Ltd | Manufacture of ignition coil for internal-combustion engine |
| CN85102865A (en) * | 1985-04-18 | 1987-03-04 | 冶金部钢铁研究总院 | High-chromium roll steel and roll thereof |
| JP2005187900A (en) * | 2003-12-26 | 2005-07-14 | Daido Steel Co Ltd | Cold tool steel having excellent surface treatability, component for die, and die |
| CN1723293A (en) * | 2002-12-25 | 2006-01-18 | 日立金属株式会社 | Cold die steel excellent in characteristic of suppressing dimensional change |
-
2006
- 2006-01-25 CN CNB2006100492637A patent/CN100422375C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS60198713A (en) * | 1984-03-22 | 1985-10-08 | Sawafuji Electric Co Ltd | Manufacture of ignition coil for internal-combustion engine |
| CN85102865A (en) * | 1985-04-18 | 1987-03-04 | 冶金部钢铁研究总院 | High-chromium roll steel and roll thereof |
| CN1723293A (en) * | 2002-12-25 | 2006-01-18 | 日立金属株式会社 | Cold die steel excellent in characteristic of suppressing dimensional change |
| JP2005187900A (en) * | 2003-12-26 | 2005-07-14 | Daido Steel Co Ltd | Cold tool steel having excellent surface treatability, component for die, and die |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| 世界钢号手册. ,林慧国,周人俊，567，机械工业出版社. 1985 * |
| 金属手册. 美国金属学会，468-469，机械工业出版社. 1991 世界钢号手册. ,林慧国,周人俊，567，机械工业出版社. 1985 |
| 金属手册. 美国金属学会，468-469，机械工业出版社. 1991 * |
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