CN101892429A - High-toughness cold-work mould steel and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-toughness cold-work mould steel and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101892429A CN101892429A CN 201010215758 CN201010215758A CN101892429A CN 101892429 A CN101892429 A CN 101892429A CN 201010215758 CN201010215758 CN 201010215758 CN 201010215758 A CN201010215758 A CN 201010215758A CN 101892429 A CN101892429 A CN 101892429A
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Abstract
The invention relates to high-toughness cold-work mould steel and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of alloy steel manufacturing processes. The steel comprises the following chemical components in weight percentage: 0.5%-0.72% of C, 0.6%-0.8% of Si, 0.6%-1.0% of Mn, 2.0%-2.4% of Cr, 0.15%-0.25% of Mo, 0.1%-0.25% of V, 0.5%-0.8% of Ni and the balance of Fe. The preparation method of the cold-work mould steel comprises the following steps of: mixing the raw materials according to the a formula, smelting and pouring the batch mixtures in an induction furnace, and then carrying out electroslag remelting; and then forging and annealing, heating the mixtures to 850-930 DEG C for austenitization, and then carrying out secondary annealing at 180-200 DEG C after oil quenching to finally obtain the high-toughness cold-work mould steel. The cold-work mould steel has higher toughness matching and higher hardness and is a steel type suitable for manufacturing precise complex moulds.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of high-toughness cold-work mould steel and preparation method thereof, this die steel cost of alloy is low, has intensity and flexible cooperation preferably, is applicable to and makes accurate complicated die, belongs to the steel alloy manufacturing process technology field.
Background technology
Mould is the fundamental technology equipment of Industrial products such as machinery, electronics, automobile, communication, household electrical appliances.As basic industry, the quality of mould, precision, life-span play very vital role to other industrial expansions, and development and national economy is played apodeictic keying action.Cold-work die steel is mainly used in punching press, blanking, moulding, bending, cold extrusion, cold drawn, powder metallurgy die etc., requires to have high rigidity, high-wearing feature and enough toughness.Generally be divided into universal and special type two big classes.For a long time, China extensively adopts CrWMn, the Cr12 shaped steel main separation material as cold-work die.Because the former easily forms carbide network, the latter easily forms banded carbide, and the macrosegregation of carbide reduces the obdurability of mould, causes the mould tipping, ruptures or subsides.For solving the early failure problem of mould, widen the demand of mould industry, new steel grades such as the rapid steel that domesticly succeed in developing a collection of high strength, high tenacity in succession, resistance to wear, red hardness is good, matrix steel, thermal treatment stentor steel, Steel Bond Hard Alloy to steel.In order to adapt to the industrial expansion demand, the researchist of China is in the exploitation of die steel new steel grade, mainly be at when front mold in use existing work-ing life problem, ftracture, subside etc. because failure mode, adjust existing mold material interalloy composition, under the prerequisite that guarantees the existing performance of material, adjust material interalloy constituent content, reduce the material produce cost, or on the moulding stock basis wide in current application, that performance is high, improve the alloying element proportioning, make mechanical property and the use properties of material tool De Genggao.The Working environment of die steel and working conditions require material to have high heat resistance and hardening capacity, so in these two alloying thinkings, the research latter's is in the majority.Thereby the alloying thinking of mainly taking at home at present mainly is to add alloying elements to make material have the obdurability that once improves material with the secondary strengthening effect in material, simultaneously, except that Cr, Mn, add elements such as Mo, W, V and Ni again, the assurance material structure is tiny, and age hardening effect obviously has better strength and toughness.As the DS steel is that carbon adds Ni in adopting, and with Mo instead of part W, the shock-resistant die steel of a kind of high tenacity of polynary a small amount of alloying alternatives formulation has better manufacturability and mechanical property.
Because the environment for use of cold-work die is more abominable, requires cold-work die steel to have good combination of strength and toughness, and suitable wear resisting property.To hang down of cost of alloy can make product have competitive edge more in market.The present invention has developed the cold-work die steel that cost of alloy is low, have better combination of strength and toughness.Be applicable to and make accurate complicated die steel.
This cold-work die steel impels alloying element to dissolve in matrix in a large number by after being heated to 850 ℃～930 ℃ austenitizings, improves the alloy degree, strengthens solid solution strengthening effect.Simultaneously, in carrying out the double tempering process, disperse is separated out the tiny and uniform second phase particle by precipitation strength, improves the material obdurability.
Summary of the invention
It is low to the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of cost, has the high-toughness cold-work mould steel that intensity and toughness preferably cooperate.
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of preparation method of high-toughness cold-work mould steel.
High-toughness cold-work mould steel of the present invention is characterised in that to have following composition and weight percent:
C 0.5-0.72％， Si 0.6-0.8％，
Mn 0.6-1.0％， Cr 2.0-2.4％，
Mo 0.15-0.25％， V 0.1-0.25％，
Ni 0.5-0.8％
The Fe surplus.
The preparation method of above-mentioned cold-work die steel is characterized in that this method has following technological process and step:
A. adopt induction or arc melting: by above-mentioned alloying element proportioning batching is put into electric furnace, carry out melting.
B. esr: the ESR ingot that the melting pouring is gone out is put in the esr device, carries out esr.
C. forge: above-mentioned steel ingot is heated in 1200～1230 ℃ of temperature ranges; Initial forging temperature: 1100～1050 ℃, the back slow cooling is forged in final forging temperature 〉=850 ℃.
D. annealing: material is annealed under 830～860 ℃ after forging, anneals 6-10 hour, subsequently furnace cooling;
E. the tempering heat treatment of quenching: be heated to 850～930 ℃ and carry out austenitizing, adopt oil quenching; Carry out 180～200 ℃ of double temperings subsequently, each tempering time is 2h.
The theoretical foundation of its composition design of cold-work die steel of the present invention is as described below:
In the alloying element in the steel, Cr guarantees that steel has good hardening capacity.The content of Cr is unsuitable too high, otherwise forms netted carbide easily, influences the performance of steel.Ni can keep good plasticity and toughness simultaneously in the intensity that improves steel, but Ni belongs to scarce resource, adds an amount of Ni in the steel of the present invention, makes that cost of alloy can be too not high under the good prerequisite of the obdurability of steel.Mo and V form second precipitate mutually of disperse in steel, improve the obdurability of material.It is the temper resistance that improves steel that Si mainly acts on.Mn dissolves in and plays the solution strengthening effect in the matrix.
It is good that the present invention has developed hardening capacity, and quenching temperature is lower, and heat treatment deformation is little, and cost of alloy is low, has intensity and flexible cooperation preferably, is applicable to and makes accurate complicated die steel.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 for steel of the present invention 200 ℃ of tempering temperatures, impelling strength and hardness curve during different quenching.
Fig. 2 is 930 ℃ of quenchings for steel of the present invention in thermal treatment process, and metallograph was organized in 200 ℃ of tempering at two hours twice o'clock.
Both impelling strength and hardness ratio be after thermal treatment process is 1030 ℃ of 200 ℃ of tempering of quenching with the D2 steel after thermal treatment process is 930 ℃ of 200 ℃ of tempering of quenching for steel of the present invention for Fig. 3.
Embodiment
Now specific embodiments of the invention are described in down.
Embodiment 1
In this example, adopt the moiety and the weight percent thereof of cold-work die steel as follows:
C 0.71％，Si 0.70％，Mn 0.76％，Cr 2.32％，Mo 0.25％，
V 0.25%, and Ni 0.68%, the Fe surplus.
In the present embodiment, the technological process and the step of cold-work die steel are as follows:
A. induction melting: carry out melting by above-mentioned alloying element proportioning in induction furnace, smelting temperature then is cast into Φ 160mm steel ingot and air cooling greater than 1500 ℃;
B. esr: the steel ingot after the pouring is positioned in the esr device as consumable electrode, carries out esr, liquid metal falls in the following water mold through the slag blanket of slag bath, is frozen into steel ingot more again;
C. forge: above-mentioned steel ingot is heated in 1200～1230 ℃ of temperature ranges; Initial forging temperature: 1100～1050 ℃, final forging temperature 〉=850 ℃.Forge into the square stock of 60mm * 60mm;
D. annealing: the steel material after will forging is put into process furnace and is annealed, and annealing temperature is 860 ℃, and annealing time is 6h, the air cooling of coming out of the stove after stove is chilled to 550 ℃.
E. the temper of quenching: 930 ℃ of quenching temperatures, carry out double tempering at 200 ℃, each tempering 2 hours.
Performance test:
Cold-work die steel of the present invention carries out performance test through after the above-mentioned thermal treatment:
(1) quenching hardness: 64～65HRC; Tempered-hardness: 61.5HRC
(2) impelling strength experiment:
Get the impact of collision sample on blank, specimen size is 10mm * 10mm * 55mm.
Room temperature impact toughness value: 175J.
(3) counter-bending experiment:
Vertically get counter-bending sample on blank, specimen size is 7.5mm * 5mm * 100mm.
Room temperature bending strength: 3048MPa, maximum deflection power: 4763KN, amount of deflection: 12.15mm, energy to fracture absorbs: 40.97J.
Cold-work die steel of the present invention (SDC55) 930 ℃ quench+200 ℃ of Annealed Strips under with the D2 steel recommending 1030 ℃ of thermal treatment process quench under 200 ℃ of two hours Annealed Strips both impelling strength and hardness ratio, find, SDC55 hardness ratio D2 steel improves slightly, and impelling strength aspect SDC55 significantly improves than D2 steel.
Fig. 1 is steel of the present invention different quenching and impelling strength and hardness relation curve when 180 ℃ of tempering.Impelling strength was all about 120J when quenching temperature was 850 ℃～930 ℃.When quenching temperature be 930 ℃ of tempering temperatures when being 200 ℃ the toughness and the hardness of material be 175J and 61.5HRC.Fig. 2 is 930 ℃ of metallographs after the 200 ℃ of tempering of quenching for steel of the present invention in thermal treatment.Find out among the figure and be uniform-distribution with the tiny carbide particle of disperse on the martensitic matrix.Such tissue guarantees that steel of the present invention has good combination of strength and toughness.Fig. 3 quenches through 1030 ℃ after 200 ℃ of tempering with the D2 steel after recommending technology to be 930 ℃ of 200 ℃ of tempering of quenching for steel of the present invention, and both impelling strength and hardness ratio are.As can be seen, both hardness is suitable among the figure.But the impelling strength of steel of the present invention is greatly improved than D2 steel.
Claims (2)
1. high-toughness cold-work mould steel, it is characterized in that the chemical ingredients of this steel and weight percent are: C 0.5～0.72%, Si0.6～0.8%, Mn 0.6～1.0%, and Cr 2.0～2.4%, and Mo 0.15～0.25%, V 0.1～0.25%, and Ni 0.5～0.8%, the Fe surplus.
2. one kind is used for having following technological process and step as the preparation method of claims 1 described high-toughness cold-work mould steel:
1) press the chemical ingredients and the weight percent of high-toughness cold-work mould steel: C 0.5～0.72%, and Si 0.6～0.8%, and Mn 0.6～1.0%, and Cr 2.0～2.4%, and Mo 0.15～0.25%, and V 0.1～0.25%, and Ni 0.5～0.8%, the Fe surplus; Batching, induction melting, carry out esr then;
2) forge: initial forging temperature is 1100～1050 ℃, final forging temperature 〉=850 ℃; Annealing: annealing temperature is 830～860 ℃, and annealing time is 6～10h;
3) Q-tempering thermal treatment: be heated to 850～930 ℃ and carry out austenitizing, adopt oil quenching; Carry out 180～200 ℃ of double temperings subsequently, each tempering time is 2h.
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102653837A (en) * | 2012-02-24 | 2012-09-05 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | High-toughness wear-resistant cold-working die steel and preparation method thereof |
| CN102784863A (en) * | 2012-08-09 | 2012-11-21 | 湖北上大模具材料科技有限公司 | High-alloy steel forging and heating method |
| CN104004966A (en) * | 2014-05-20 | 2014-08-27 | 滁州迪蒙德模具制造有限公司 | Manufacturing method of stamping die |
| CN104342602A (en) * | 2013-07-31 | 2015-02-11 | 丁年花 | Processing method of lining plate of medium-carbon alloy wear-resistant steel ball mill |
| CN104561481A (en) * | 2014-12-02 | 2015-04-29 | 芜湖福司精密模具有限公司 | Method for manufacturing ramming plates of ramming machine |
| CN104630431A (en) * | 2013-11-11 | 2015-05-20 | 无锡市法兰锻造有限公司 | Process for improving low-temperature toughness of a nuclear-power penetration piece |
| CN107354393A (en) * | 2017-06-23 | 2017-11-17 | 苏州艾酷玛赫设备制造有限公司 | Alloy mold and manufacture method |
| CN107557688A (en) * | 2017-09-15 | 2018-01-09 | 张家港市广大机械锻造有限公司 | A kind of high toughness cold working die steel |
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| CN1116661A (en) * | 1994-09-01 | 1996-02-14 | 四川明日企业集团有限公司旭日新材料研究所 | A 25 microdeformable air hardening tool steel |
| WO2008084108A1 (en) * | 2007-01-12 | 2008-07-17 | Rovalma Sa | Cold work tool steel with outstanding weldability |
| CN101717896A (en) * | 2009-12-22 | 2010-06-02 | 上海大学 | High strength and toughness cold working die steel and preparation method thereof |
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| CN1116661A (en) * | 1994-09-01 | 1996-02-14 | 四川明日企业集团有限公司旭日新材料研究所 | A 25 microdeformable air hardening tool steel |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102653837A (en) * | 2012-02-24 | 2012-09-05 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | High-toughness wear-resistant cold-working die steel and preparation method thereof |
| CN102784863A (en) * | 2012-08-09 | 2012-11-21 | 湖北上大模具材料科技有限公司 | High-alloy steel forging and heating method |
| CN104342602A (en) * | 2013-07-31 | 2015-02-11 | 丁年花 | Processing method of lining plate of medium-carbon alloy wear-resistant steel ball mill |
| CN104630431A (en) * | 2013-11-11 | 2015-05-20 | 无锡市法兰锻造有限公司 | Process for improving low-temperature toughness of a nuclear-power penetration piece |
| CN104004966A (en) * | 2014-05-20 | 2014-08-27 | 滁州迪蒙德模具制造有限公司 | Manufacturing method of stamping die |
| CN104004966B (en) * | 2014-05-20 | 2016-04-20 | 滁州迪蒙德模具制造有限公司 | A kind of manufacture method of press tool |
| CN104561481A (en) * | 2014-12-02 | 2015-04-29 | 芜湖福司精密模具有限公司 | Method for manufacturing ramming plates of ramming machine |
| CN107354393A (en) * | 2017-06-23 | 2017-11-17 | 苏州艾酷玛赫设备制造有限公司 | Alloy mold and manufacture method |
| CN107557688A (en) * | 2017-09-15 | 2018-01-09 | 张家港市广大机械锻造有限公司 | A kind of high toughness cold working die steel |
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Open date: 20101124 |