CN100420525C - Repairing method of phosphor polluted soil - Google Patents
Repairing method of phosphor polluted soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN100420525C CN100420525C CNB2005100558907A CN200510055890A CN100420525C CN 100420525 C CN100420525 C CN 100420525C CN B2005100558907 A CNB2005100558907 A CN B2005100558907A CN 200510055890 A CN200510055890 A CN 200510055890A CN 100420525 C CN100420525 C CN 100420525C
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- red mud
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a method for restoring soil polluted by phosphorus, particularly to a technology for treating and restoring agricultural nonpoint source soil polluted by phosphorus. In the method, a tailing, namely red mud, which is generated in the process for preparing alumina powder by smelting bauxite, is calcined in a muffle furnace, and then the red mud is fully mixed with the soil which is polluted by phosphorus on the surface; after the mixture is treated and cultured for a period of time, effective phosphorus accounting for 42% of the content of the soil can be fixed. The method has the advantages of simple and easy operation, high treating efficiency and low treating cost. The method has important actual significances for studying measures for preventing the phosphorus in the soil of vegetable farmlands from running off to enter water.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to phosphorus pollution from agricultural non point source soil remediation and recovery technique.
Background technology
Red mud (Red Mud) is that bauxite refines the discarded object that produces in the alumina process, and it is one of industrial residue main in the non-ferrous metals industry.Red mud is a kind of red mud shape discarded object, generally produces 1 ton of aluminium oxide and can produce 1.0 ~ 1.4 tons of red muds; Its mineral composition and chemical composition depend primarily on bauxite composition and production technology.Along with the aluminium industrial expansion, the annual red mud that produces in the whole world is about 5,000 ten thousand tons at present; The annual red mud that produces of China is more than 3,000,000 tons, and China's red mud discharge capacity was about 4,000,000 tons in 2000.If these red muds are deposited with the form of storing up, highly be 10 meters to stack, the shared volume of red mud is 50% in solid concentration, just needs 600 hectares of areas, this just occupies cultivated land for a long time and in large quantities.And the liquid phase main component that is attached in the red mud is the caustic alkali of 0.6-0.8g/L, and is improper if red mud is deposited, and attached liquid wherein will be penetrated in the underground water, destroys phreatic water quality, harm people's health.And fine particle flies upward when red mud dries, and reaches several kilometers distant around becoming scattered about, and causes the soil to be covered by the thin layer red mud, reduce the fertility of soil, so the processing of red mud is of crucial importance to the influence of environment.
At present both at home and abroad general method of disposal to red mud is for storing up: ditch, grain mass are deposited or store up on the level land.Transportation resources is " dry method " (1: 2) or " wet method " (1: 5).In recent years, along with the reinforcement to environmental protection work, the emission behaviour of red mud has had bigger improvement.Enter the deep-sea except that Britain, France and Japan continue the row of employing Haifa, majority state adopts outdoor storage, and is storing up excessively to dry method.Australia's dagger-axe not alumina producer is also stored up at 60 hectares red mud and has been planted vegetation on the field, and has formed spinney.Alumina producers such as China Shandong, Henan, Guizhou, Shanxi adopt methods such as level land Gao Tai, river valley ponding, lowland filling to store up red mud, do not adopt an effective measure more.
The basic outlet that solves the red mud pollution is exactly the problem of complex utilization that how to solve red mud.For many years, aspect the comprehensive utilization of red mud, carried out great deal of experimental work both at home and abroad.Because the composition and the character of red mud have bigger difference, red mud utilize method also inequality.Abroad mainly be Bayer process red mud because the iron content height, just with it as iron-smelting raw material.Germany's test as road-making material, is filled low lowland with red mud and ooze mixing with red mud, becomes barren soil and is the good farmland.Russia produces clay brick etc. with Bayer process red mud, and some technology has obtained applying.
In recent years, more domestic research units further investigate siliceous fertilizer, have developed unique siliceous fertilizer additive, and Henan Province's approved has been set up province siliceous fertilizer engineering center.The large tracts of land that Henan Prov. Inst. carries out in recent years siliceous fertilizer on probation shows that siliceous fertilizer can improve the cell tissue of plant, improves the quality of crop and fruit, but the underproduction 8 ~ 15% in the soil that lacks silicon.Siliceous fertilizer is the 4th big first fertilizer after nitrogen, phosphorus, potash fertilizer, and it has trophism preferably to multiple kinds of crops, greatly develops siliceous fertilizer, is the another feasible way of red mud comprehensive utilization.In addition, utilize red mud to produce cement in addition, make new wall material, make plastic filler, therefrom extract comprehensive utilization technique such as metal values.
In recent years, the amount of application of chemical fertilizer is more and more higher.In some places, the fertile consumption of P is up to 995kg/hm
2, above the several times of crop actual demand amount.Not only cause a large amount of wastes of manure resources, influence the quality of vegetables, can cause that also the content of phosphorus increases year by year in the soil, and these phosphorus that are accumulated in the soil are important sources of body eutrophication, water ecological setting is constituted potential threat.
China's sowing of vegetable area reaches 1.1 * 107hm at present
2, account for 1/10 of the national crop seeding gross area.Rate of fertilizer was big during vegetables produced, and the quantity of pouring water and frequency are higher than general farmland again, so the nutrient in vegetable plot accumulation situation is more serious.There are some researches show that the long-term planting vegetables can cause the obvious enrichment of soil phophorus.For example, Delta of the Pearl River area, the growing vegetables area is big, and the fertilizer input amount is many, and nutrient accumulation is obvious in the soil, and this area's high temperature and rainy, and nutrient more than needed in the soil enters water body with approach such as face of land runoff, subsurface stratum current and underground water easily.
Phosphorus in the soil enters water ecosystem by erosion, runoff and 3 kinds of main migration mechanisms of subsurface stratum draining and is converted into its effective phosphorus amount.Studies show that the main path that soil phophorus enters water body is to enter surface water by runoff.In a single day the phosphorus amount of application exceeds the required requirement of crop, just can increase the loss of phosphorus in the farmland and cause the body eutrophication of potential surface water resources.When the trophic level in the water is very high, algae meeting raised growth, oxygen in water reduces, and destroys the balance of water ecosystem, makes fish kills; The poisonous microorganism that produces increases, and reduces the value in lake, river.In TAI HU AREA, because applying of a large amount of phosphate fertilizer causes the serious body eutrophication phenomenon in Taihu Lake; Guangdong Province increases owing to applying quantity of chemical fertilizer over 20 years is year by year, and the rapid available phosphorus of arable soil presents the trend of rising generally, and nineteen ninety increased by 96% than 1980, nearly one times; Because nineteen ninety-five, the phosphate fertilizer amount increased by 35% than nineteen ninety, add to use in soil, to be easy to the particularity that transforms after the phosphate fertilizer, so rich phosphorus phenomenon has appearred in the paddy field of these some areas, Guangdong Province in period.
To move to section lower floor be very slow to phosphorus under normal conditions, but light in quality, phosphate fixation ability is low and the soil of a large amount of application of organic fertilizers on, it also is clearly that phosphorus enters underground water by seepage; Dissolved phosphorus, algae available phosphorus concentration have good correlation in soil Olsen-P content and the soil runoff; The soil phosphorus level has determined soil phophorus to enter the risk and the quantity of runoff to a great extent; Phosphorus concentration also has very significant correlation in soil phophorus content and the underground water.And outskirts of a town, Guangzhou vegetable soil is formed by the granite based growth, clay content is low, the soil texture is light, and the content of soil Olsen-P is quite high, and profuse phosphorus enters surface water and the underground water risk is quite high with face of land runoff, interflow subsurface drainage and to approach such as section lower floor move in the visible soil.There is soil drip washing test to show the average 7.85mg/L of dissolved phosphorus concentration in the vegetable soil leacheate; Naturally native leacheate average out to 0.02mg/L, both differ 392.5 times; Both total phosphorus concentration mean values differ 30.3 times.This further shows water-soluble phosphorus content height in the vegetable soil, and the phosphorus supply intensity is big, runs off to enter water body risk height.Correlation analysis is the result show, the correlation of dissolved phosphorus, total phosphorus mean concentration and soil Olsen-P reaches extremely significantly or the level of signifiance in the soil leacheate.Therefore, soil Olsen-P can be used as the assessment foundation that harnessing soil phosphor loss enters water body risk and water environmental impact degree.
It is that world today's water pollutes a difficult problem that mankind's activity causes the acceleration eutrophication phenomenon of water body, has become one of main Environmental Problems of World Focusing.Phosphorus is the main limiting factor of body eutrophication, agricultural non-point source phosphorus has very significant contribution to the deterioration of water environment, the loss of phosphorus has confidential relation in the generation of eutrophication phenomenon and the agricultural land soil, therefore, the plain measure of running off and entering water body of research control vegetable field soil phosphorus has very important realistic meaning.
Contain Ca in the red mud
2+, Al
3+, Fe
3+Plasma, they have adsorptivity preferably to soil available phosphorus, with soil phosphorus generation chemical precipitation reaction, form insoluble chemical compound, make soil phosphorus fix and be accumulated in the soil, reduce the danger of soil phosphorus to water body migration, polluted-water.Utilize red mud to carry out the repairing and treating of phosphor polluted soil, both solved because a large amount of red mud is stored up the problem that environment is produced harm, fixed the available phosphorus in the excessive soil of phosphorus again effectively, from considerations such as governance efficiency, control expense, on-the-spot operability and environmental risk aspects, red mud has higher utility and application prospect to the excessive soil remediation of phosphorus.
Yet there are no red mud up to now and repair the report of phosphor polluted soil.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is on the laboratory cultures basis, the red mud of research different temperatures calcination process is to the absorption and the fixed effect of available phosphorus in the excessive soil of vegetable plot phosphorus, for agricultural nonpoint source pollution improvement provides scientific basis and restorative procedure.
For achieving the above object, technical solution of the present invention provides a kind of restorative procedure of phosphor polluted soil, it smelts bauxite the mine tailing-red mud that generates in the alumina powder process, after the Muffle furnace roasting, with the abundant mixing of phosphor polluted soil, after a period of time safeguards, can fix 〉=42% soil available phosphorus.
Described restorative procedure comprises step:
A. with red mud, sieve with 100 mesh sieves;
B. a is gone on foot the gained red mud, behind 500 ℃ of roasting 〉=2 of Muffle furnace hour, take out stand-by;
C. the phosphor polluted soil with 0～20 centimeter of phosphor polluted soil ground surface turns over plough, and is air-dry, grind, sieve, standby;
D. the red mud that the b one-step baking is handled is spread on c and goes on foot the soil of handling, and the red mud consumption is used the red mud that contains aluminium 5～15 mMs for per kilogram soil, with the abundant mixing of soil;
E. keep 60% of water capacity 〉=field capacity,, finish once and repair through 〉=three months.
Described restorative procedure, its described c step phosphorus pollutes sieving of soil, and sieve mesh is 100 orders.
The inventive method is simple, the governance efficiency height, and control expense is low, to the plain measure of running off and entering water body of research control vegetable field soil phosphorus, has very important realistic meaning.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the fixed amount schematic diagram of different disposal red mud to soil available phosphorus.
The specific embodiment
Test base program of the present invention is as follows.
1, stock is prepared:
A, red mud
Red mud (Red Mud) is available from Shandong Aluminium Industry Co., Ltd.This red mud is that bauxite is smelted the mine tailing that generates in the alumina powder process, be one of industrial residue main in the non-ferrous metals industry, it is the mixture of sodium aluminosilicate and multiple metal oxide, has higher heat endurance, anti-aging obvious with the light shield effect, can improve plastic products resistance to compression, tensile strength.Be a kind of red mud shape discarded object, its physical and chemical composition is as shown in table 1.
The basic physical and chemical of table 1 red mud
Cross 100 mesh sieves before red mud is used, and take out stand-by after 2 hours through 0 ℃ of Muffle furnace, 300 ℃, 500 ℃, 700 ℃ and 900 ℃ of roastings respectively.
B, contaminated soil pick up from the table soil of peach blossom island, Hanyang, Wuhan vegetable plot 0-20cm, available phosphorus content 236.12mg kg
-1Soil adopt back after air-dry, grind, cross the 2mm sieve, in order to experimental applications.
C, test can be adorned the plastic cup of 100g soil with container.
2, the foundation of culture systems:
Test is established 16 processing altogether by the different amounts of aluminium: do not add the processing (CK) of red mud; Establish 3 processing 5,10,15mmolAl.kg respectively through the red mud of 0 ℃, 300 ℃, 500 ℃, 700 ℃ and 900 ℃ roasting of Muffle furnace
-1Soil.Test is little plastic cup with container, every cup soil 100g, and consumption adds the red mud of Powdered above-mentioned different calcination process in accordance with regulations, and with the abundant mixing of soil, test repeats 9 times, totally 144 basins.After the different calcination process of red mud,, as shown in table 2 to the influence of soil available phosphorus content.
The different calcination process red muds of table 2 are to the unit that influences of soil available phosphorus content: mg/kg
3, incubation:
Test is carried out between the constant temperature culture of 25 (± 2) ℃, every other day keeps the skin wet to soil with deionized water, makes soil moisture reach about 60% (the weight water content is about 15%, adopts weight method to keep the skin wet) of field capacity.Took out part respectively and repeat after 1,2,3 month, air-dry then soil is crossed the 2mm sieve, measures available phosphorus content with the Olsen-P method.
4, Fa Ming effect:
Through overtesting, we find red mud to the fixation of soil available phosphorus clearly, but the red mud of different calcination process is different to the fixed effect of soil available phosphorus.As shown in Figure 1, the red mud of different calcination process all has fixation to soil available phosphorus after cultivation a period of time, and the red mud of 300 ℃, 500 ℃, 700 ℃ three processing of Muffle furnace roasting is better than the red mud of 0 ℃ and 900 ℃ processing of Muffle furnace roasting to the fixation of soil available phosphorus.But cultivating the first two months, the red mud of 300 ℃, 500 ℃, 700 ℃ three processing of Muffle furnace roasting is not remarkable to the fixed effect difference of soil available phosphorus, as table 2 and table 3, during 300 ℃ of Muffle furnace roastings, soil available phosphorus content drops to the 178.03mg/kg of cultivation in the time of 2 months by the 182.82mg/kg of cultivation in the time of 1 month, and its fixed rate only is 2.62%; During 500 ℃ of Muffle furnace roastings, soil available phosphorus content drops to 175.80mg/kg by 180.90mg/kg, and its fixed rate is 2.82%; During 700 ℃ of Muffle furnace roastings, soil available phosphorus content drops to 174.28mg/kg by 177.60mg/kg, and its fixed rate only is 1.87%.But after cultivating three months, the red mud of 500 ℃ of processing obviously strengthens the fixation of soil available phosphorus, soil available phosphorus drops to 135.25mg/kg by the 236.118mg/kg news speed before cultivating, red mud reaches 42.72% to the fixed rate of soil available phosphorus, nearly promptly has the available phosphorus of half be fixed by red mud in the soil.
After the different calcination process of red mud,, as shown in table 3 to the fixed rate of soil available phosphorus.
The different calcination process red muds of table 3 are to the fixed rate unit of soil available phosphorus: %
Therefore, this research thinks that red mud can be used as a kind of comparatively ideal material of repairing phosphor polluted soil, and its available phosphorus in can fixing soil reduces its risk to water body migration, polluted-water.Red mud is best to the fixed effect of soil available phosphorus after 2 hours through 500 ℃ of Muffle furnace roastings, can fix 42.7% soil available phosphorus in three months.
The inventive method can be used in same phosphor polluted soil repeatedly, also can carry out available phosphorus to the deep soil below the 20cm and fix.
Claims (2)
1. the restorative procedure of a phosphor polluted soil is characterized in that, bauxite is smelted mine tailing one red mud that generates in the alumina powder process, after the Muffle furnace roasting, with the abundant mixing of phosphor polluted soil, after a period of time handles and cultivates, can fix 〉=42% soil available phosphorus;
It comprises step:
A. with red mud, sieve with 100 mesh sieves;
B. a is gone on foot the gained red mud, behind 500 ℃ of roasting 〉=2 of Muffle furnace hour, take out stand-by;
C. the phosphor polluted soil with 0～20 centimeter of phosphor polluted soil ground surface turns over plough, and is air-dry, grind, sieve, standby;
D. the red mud that the b one-step baking is handled is spread on c and goes on foot the soil of handling, and the red mud consumption is used the red mud that contains aluminium 5～15 mMs for per kilogram soil, with the abundant mixing of soil;
E. keep 60% of water capacity 〉=field capacity,, finish once and repair through 〉=three months.
2. restorative procedure as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described c step phosphorus pollutes sieving of soil, and sieve mesh is 100 orders.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2005100558907A CN100420525C (en) | 2005-03-17 | 2005-03-17 | Repairing method of phosphor polluted soil |
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| CNB2005100558907A CN100420525C (en) | 2005-03-17 | 2005-03-17 | Repairing method of phosphor polluted soil |
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| CN1833789A CN1833789A (en) | 2006-09-20 |
| CN100420525C true CN100420525C (en) | 2008-09-24 |
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| CNB2005100558907A Expired - Fee Related CN100420525C (en) | 2005-03-17 | 2005-03-17 | Repairing method of phosphor polluted soil |
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Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100488885C (en) * | 2007-04-25 | 2009-05-20 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 | Method for adsorbing phosphor contaminant in waste water by refuse ore |
| CN102234167A (en) * | 2010-05-06 | 2011-11-09 | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心 | Method for stabilizing phosphorus and heavy metal in sludge of sewage treatment factory |
| CN101934287A (en) * | 2010-06-23 | 2011-01-05 | 四川农业大学 | Method for remediation of phosphorus-contaminated soil |
| CN101911868B (en) * | 2010-07-21 | 2012-06-06 | 浙江省农业科学院 | Method for controlling availability of soil phosphorus |
| CN105127193B (en) * | 2015-09-21 | 2019-04-09 | 江苏隆昌化工有限公司 | A kind of method of hydrated calcium chloroaluminate in-situ immobilization phosphor polluted soil |
| CN105457998A (en) * | 2015-12-29 | 2016-04-06 | 东莞市青麦田数码科技有限公司 | Treatment method for phosphorus-enriched soil |
| CN106825022A (en) * | 2017-01-05 | 2017-06-13 | 长沙汇聚环境技术有限公司 | A kind of method that VOCs-contaminated Soils are repaired |
| CN111763516B (en) * | 2020-07-07 | 2021-09-17 | 天津农学院 | Soil restoration conditioner for greenhouse phosphorus-rich polluted vegetable field as well as preparation method and application of soil restoration conditioner |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1126450A (en) * | 1993-07-02 | 1996-07-10 | 孟山都公司 | In-situ remediation of contaminated heterogeneous soils |
| CN1245452A (en) * | 1996-12-16 | 2000-02-23 | 孟山都公司 | In situ remediation of contaminated soils |
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2005
- 2005-03-17 CN CNB2005100558907A patent/CN100420525C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1126450A (en) * | 1993-07-02 | 1996-07-10 | 孟山都公司 | In-situ remediation of contaminated heterogeneous soils |
| CN1245452A (en) * | 1996-12-16 | 2000-02-23 | 孟山都公司 | In situ remediation of contaminated soils |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 赤泥在环境污染修复中的应用. 王林江等.桂林工学院学报，第24卷第3期. 2004 * |
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