CN100413409C - Trapping apparatus for evaluating prey ability of rice planthopper natural enemy and application method thereof - Google Patents
Trapping apparatus for evaluating prey ability of rice planthopper natural enemy and application method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN100413409C CN100413409C CNB2006100532403A CN200610053240A CN100413409C CN 100413409 C CN100413409 C CN 100413409C CN B2006100532403 A CNB2006100532403 A CN B2006100532403A CN 200610053240 A CN200610053240 A CN 200610053240A CN 100413409 C CN100413409 C CN 100413409C
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Abstract
The invention discloses a trapping device and specific application method to estimate trapping ability for natural enemy of rice louse in the biological prevention construction studying technological domain of crop pest natural enemy, which comprises the following parts: column (1), fixing coil (2), fixing bolt (3), transverse column (4), culture plate ring (5), culture plate (6), drinking cup (7), drinking cup (8) and screen (9).
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the biological prevention construction studying technological domain of crop pest natural enemy, relate in particular to a kind of device and application method thereof that is used for evaluation of measuring rice fulgorid predator prey ability.
Background technology
Have a large amount of parasites and predator in natural ecosystem is unified field ecosystem, they are widely accepted in the developing important function of Pest Control population.Wherein parasite is easy to observe statistics owing to all leave remnants such as dead worm's ovum, worm shell after the effect, so research is clearer and more definite, and insect is caught generally to leave no trace after the predation of feeding habits natural enemy, the difficult statistics of observing adds to lack effective tools for measurement, so research is not deep enough so far.Though, the predation of predator is acknowledged as rice fulgorid (brown planthopper, white-backed planthopper, small brown rice planthopper etc.) important controlling elements, research also shows, the black porch green plant bug, predators such as spider are very strong to the prey ability of rice fulgorid, but, because predator is subjected to comprising the influence of biotic factor (as replacing foodstuff etc.) and abiotic component (as temperature etc.) to the field control action of insect, so before research was seldom carried out measuring accurately and estimating to they control rice fulgorid naturally in the field ability, and was still not enough to the understanding of the control action of rice fulgorid to the field predator.Estimating predator in the agricultural ecosystem quantitatively is to utilize natural enemy to carry out the basis of biological control to the control action of insect.In recent years, use the method for shrouding and carried out experimental comparison with regard to the natural control action of day hostile brown planthopper in the rice field, for example, Pang Baoping, Cheng Jiaan. the research method of arthropods field predation. insect knowledge .1998,35 (6): 357-361.But because each self energy of parasite and predator is attacked ovum or rice fulgorid, add that the quantity of attack can't be determined again separately, so parasite and predator role separately often can not be quantitatively distinguished in test.This mainly is that predator does not resemble parasite, seldom stays the predation vestige, is difficult to direct observation survey; Secondly, the activity of rice fulgorid is stronger again, is difficult to directly trap predator as prey in the field with it; Outside inferior, rice fulgorid predator kind is more, must catch just representatively comprehensively, and these factors are that the research work of evaluation of measuring rice fulgorid predator prey ability has increased difficulty.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is at above-mentioned existing problems, filter out a kind of activity more weak but can substitute the prey that rice fulgorid is lured natural enemy; Design a cover and can catch the natural enemy of different habits simultaneously, be convenient to add up the trapping device that shows natural enemy predation prey ability again; And proposition is used for this device the application method of evaluation of measuring rice fulgorid predator prey ability, reach quantitatively predator in the paddy rice ecosystem is made an appraisal to the control action of rice fulgorid, be beneficial to accurately instruct utilize natural enemy to carry out the work of biological control.
Purpose of the present invention is achieved by the following technical programs.
The inventor gropes by studying for a long period of time, verifies substantially: one, have directionality during the prey of natural enemy in seeking trapper, and the direction of leaving trapper after predation is at random; Two, replace the rice fulgorid feasibility of prey as an alternative with the fruit bat pupa; Three, the predator of different habits is a layer distributed in the clump of rice field, so that trapping device layer frame is provided with is upper and lower two-layer.In view of the above, designed following trapping device and application method thereof:
A kind of trapping device of evaluating prey ability of rice planthopper natural enemy, comprise column, retainer plate, gim peg, culture dish and water tumbler, it is characterized in that: the internal diameter of described retainer plate is slightly larger than the column external diameter, two retainer plates is inserted in top and the bottom that is fixed on column behind the column respectively with gim peg; Along the periphery wall of each retainer plate, the outwards even distribution 2-4 root spreader on same plane; The inner of each spreader is fixed on the periphery wall of retainer plate, at its external port horizontal fixed one culture plate ring; Even level distribution is fixed four drinking cup rings around each culture plate ring; Form upper strata frame and lower floor's frame by said fixing circle, spreader, culture plate ring and drinking cup ring; In two-layer culture plate ring and drinking cup ring, shelve culture dish and water tumbler respectively; Set up the guard that a grid is 1cm * 1cm in described culture dish periphery.
Described culture dish and water tumbler suitable for reading on same horizontal plane.
Described upper strata frame the level altitude on column top by with surveyed rice strain integral shroud and rise and equate; The level altitude of described lower floor frame in the column bottom is from rice field water surface 5-10cm.
A kind of application method of evaluating prey ability of rice planthopper natural enemy trapping device is characterized in that carrying out according to the following steps:
(1) fruit bat is raised in standardization, adopts the prey confession predation of rice fulgorid as an alternative of its pupa.
(2) in culture dish, put into a small amount of wet soil, on soil, cover filter paper again, keeping suitable humidity, and evenly be placed on filter paper on writing brush the fruit bat pupa of pupating in 6 hours; Culture dish is shelved in the culture plate ring; Every day four replacing culture dishes and fruit bat pupa, to keep the fresh of prey; On culture dish, set up guard.
(3) water tumbler is shelved in the drinking cup ring, and in each glass, injects the distilled water that the 100-200 milliliter contains 1% washing agent respectively.
(4) in the experimental plot, rice field, every interval 5-7 rice is set up 1 trapping device of (1), (2), (3) preparation set by step, on this device layer by layer the frame height with paddy growth to adjusted, in the maintenance layer by layer frame to be culture dish identical with rice strain integral shroud with water tumbler height suitable for reading, to measure the prey ability of integral shroud layer predator; The following frame layer by layer of this device is fixed on the height from rice field water surface 5-10cm, lives in the prey ability of the predator of rice clump lower floor with mensuration.
(5) lure the rice fulgorid predator hunting that comes with the interior fruit bat pupa of culture dish (6), and mistake is fallen in the water and is entrapped.
(6) record day by day, statistics examination is by the fruit bat pupa quantity of hunting and identify arthropodan kind and the quantity that is entrapped, finally to the rice fulgorid predator to the report of making an appraisal of rice fulgorid prey ability.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the trapping device and the application method thereof of a kind of evaluating prey ability of rice planthopper natural enemy of (1) the present invention design, easy to operate, simple, and can measure and estimate the comprehensive trapping ability of field predator comparatively exactly to rice fulgorid, can understand in the rice field ecotopes such as different growth period duration of rices and Different Fertilization type the difference of predator prey ability in 24 hours.(2) existing research seldom can be carried out quantitative accurately and evaluation to natural enemy under the natural controlled condition in field, and utilize the apparatus and method of the present invention can predator prey ability more not of the same race and with the difference of a kind of predator prey ability under different condition, and method is easy, and is workable.(3) rice fulgorid belongs to the small insects of incomplete metamorphosis, and its nymph and the activity of brachypterism adult in the rice strain are relatively stable, but desires in the field dynamically then relatively difficult in order to measure the quantity of being preyed on by natural enemy quantitatively.Therefore, according to indoor preliminary experiment result, adopted similar to the individual size of rice fulgorid, again can be by main rice fulgorid predator such as Tetragnathidae, circle spider, near-ring line leopard spider, fruit bat (Drosophila sp.) the pupa prey as an alternative of intending predations such as water tarantula, in order to the natural control ability of Simulation evaluation predator to rice fulgorid, method is easy, realizes normalizing operation easily.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of a kind of evaluating prey ability of rice planthopper natural enemy trapping device of 4 water tumblers of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below by embodiment and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings 1, the present invention is described in further detail, but they are not limitation of the invention.
The trapping device of a kind of evaluating prey ability of rice planthopper natural enemy of an embodiment 1:(4 water tumbler)
A kind of trapping device of evaluating prey ability of rice planthopper natural enemy vertically inserts in column 1 earlier in the test rice district soil; To dress up horizontal layer frame by retainer plate 2 and 4 spreaders 4 and culture plate ring 5 and 4 drinking cup ring 7 soldering group again, go here and there column 1, in distance irrigation of paddy fields water surface 5-10 centimeters, this layer frame be fixed, as descending frame layer by layer with gim peg 3 by retainer plate 2; Use same material, another layer frame of method assembling is fixed on column 1 top identical with rice strain integral shroud height, as last frame layer by layer; In culture plate ring 5 and drinking cup ring 7, shelve 1 culture dish 6 and 4 water tumblers 8 respectively, and culture dish 6 and the suitable for reading of water tumbler 8 are on the same horizontal plane; Set up the zinc coating wire hood 9 that a grid is 1cm * 1cm at last in culture dish 6 peripheries.
The trapping device of a kind of evaluating prey ability of rice planthopper natural enemy of an embodiment 2:(2 water tumbler)
In assembling, except that adopting 7 two of drinking cup rings and 8 two of water tumblers, all the other materials, method all are same as embodiment 1.
The application method of an embodiment 3:(evaluating prey ability of rice planthopper natural enemy trapping device)
This application method carries out according to the following steps:
(1) fruit bat is raised in standardization, and as the alternative prey of rice fulgorid, raising at diameter with ripe banana is in the teat glass of 2.5cm; Increased every 3 days or change an amount of feed,, can gather prey as an alternative until pupating; Unnecessary fruit bat pupa regularly is transferred to adult in the sky test tube mate and oviposit after sprouting wings; Subculture is raised so continuously.
(2) in being the culture dish 6 of 9cm, puts into diameter the wet soil of half degree of depth, to keep suitable humidity in the ware, on soil, cover filter paper again, and 10 fruit bat pupas of pupating in 6 hours evenly are placed on the filter paper with writing brush, again culture dish 6 is shelved in the culture plate ring 5; Every day, four replacings contained the culture dish 6 of fruit bat pupa, to keep the fresh of prey; On the culture dish 6 of placing fruit bat, set up the guard 9 that grid is 1cm * 1cm, to prevent the predation of animals such as bird, mouse.
(3) water tumbler 8 is shelved in the drinking cup ring 7, and in each glass, injects the distilled water that the 100-200 milliliter contains 1% washing agent respectively.Make regular check on and add water, to guarantee the metastable water yield; Changed water tumbler every 12 hours, and in the collection cups all are caught animal.
(4) in the experimental plot, 1 trapping device of the rice fulgorid predator of (1), (2), (3) preparation is set by step set up for 5 meters in every interval, on this device layer by layer the frame height with paddy growth progressively to adjusted, keep culture dish 6 height suitable for reading identical, be beneficial to measure integral shroud layer predator with rice strain integral shroud; The following frame layer by layer of this device is fixed on the height of dried up 5-10cm, lives in the prey ability of the predator of rice clump lower floor with mensuration.
(5) record day by day, (promptly falling in the water tumbler 8) arthropodan kind and quantity that the fruit bat pupa quantity of statistics examination prey and evaluation are entrapped is finally made quantitative assessment to predator in the rice field to the field control action of rice fulgorid.
Press embodiment 1,2 and 3, carry out following test example:
Test routine 1:(and substitute rice fulgorid is measured natural enemy as prey prey ability) with the fruit bat pupa
At diameter is that the culture dish liner of 15cm is gone into moistening filter paper, insert 3-4 brown planthopper in age nymph and each 15 of the fruit bat pupas of pupating in 6 hours as prey, be evenly distributed.Insert 1 of 4 hours near-ring line leopard spider adult of hunger simultaneously, changed prey every 6 hours, near-ring line leopard spider female adult worm is evenly individual, and 8 repetitions are established in test.
Indoor predation result of the test shows (table 1), and near-ring line leopard spider is not remarkable to fresh fruit bat pupa (pupating back 6 hours in) and the predation quantity variance of brown planthopper nymph.But along with the prolongation of time, near-ring line leopard spider to the predation amount of brown planthopper nymph apparently higher than the fruit bat pupa.So must change the fruit bat pupa every day, to keep the fresh of prey.
Table 1 near-ring line leopard spider is to the predation quantity of fruit bat pupa and rice fulgorid nymph
| Prey (head) | 6h | 12h | 18h | 24h |
| The |
3 | 4 | 3 | 2 |
| The brown planthopper nymph | 4 | 4 | 5 | 3 |
Test the comparative trial of routine 2:(the present invention and conventional " shrouding method ")
In the rice field of use of insecticide respectively 0,1,2,3 time, with 60 purpose nylon guards 4 clumps of paddy rice are covered, guard supports with wooden frame.In paddy rice booting stage, open guard, after with pest sucking device animals all in the guard cage having been cleared up, in cage, insert 50 of 3-4 brown planthopper in age nymphs, cage opening suitable for reading also flushes with the integral shroud layer.To be remained brown planthopper with pest sucking device by the natural enemy predation again after 24 hours and all suck back, calculate the brown planthopper quantity of prey.Repeat 5 times.And compare with this method (embodiment 3).
The result shows that the prey of the prey of two kinds of methods is counted trend unanimity (table 2), and all the increase with the insecticide access times reduces.Promptly with the increase of agricultural chemicals access times, the control action of day hostile insect descends.But because this method only needs simple device, and can operate separately, need many people to operate, and must use pest sucking device, otherwise the result just can not be accurate, but operating efficiency is too low and shroud rule.So this method saving of work and time is simple.
The predation of hostile brown planthopper in sky, the different medication number of times rice field of table 2 and fruit bat pupa is (24 hours) relatively
Test routine 3:(and measure the prey ability of the different time sections of euryphagy natural enemy in 24 hours) the fruit bat pupa
The method of Application Example 3 is measured the prey ability of paddy rice upper strata predator to the fruit bat pupa. and test is carried out in amount of application of nitrogen fertilizer is respectively 0,100 and 200 kilogram/hectare paddy field, and paddy rice is late tillering state during test.Respectively at 6,12,18 and 24 be provided with and change the culture dish that contains the fruit bat pupa.The result shows, in 24 hours, during the 12:00-18:00, the fruit bat pupa quantity of prey is a little than other period height, but do not have significant difference (table 3).Spider section, Tetragnathidae Ke, Featherlegs section and the red ladybug of rice are congratulated in being mainly of being entrapped in water tumbler.The nitrogenous fertilizer level is not remarkable to the influence of the prey ability of natural enemy.
The fruit bat pupa quantity (head/ware) of different time sections prey in the table 3 24 hours
| 06:-12: | 12:-18: | 18:-24: | 00:-06: | Altogether | |
| Low nitrogen rice field | 0.7 | 0.62 | 0.38 | 0.47 | 2.17 |
| Middle nitrogen rice field | 0.67 | 1.43 | 0.8 | 0.6 | 3.5 |
| High nitrogen rice field | 0.38 | 0.97 | 0.87 | 0.57 | 2.78 |
Test the prey ability that routine 4:(is determined at the hostile fruit bat pupa in paddy rice different growing sky)
The method of Application Example 3 has been measured the prey ability of the hostile fruit bat pupa in euryphagy sky of different growth period duration of rices.The result shows, is starkly lower than the quantity at paddy rice booting stage and heading stage in the fruit bat pupa quantity of the early stage prey of paddy growth, and after rice anthesis the fruit bat pupa quantity of prey descend (table 4).Result of the test shows that also the fruit bat pupa quantity of being preyed on by natural enemy is also closely related with the state of fruit bat pupa, and the frequency of changing pupa is high more, and the quantity of prey is big more.
Table 4 is at the prey ability of the hostile fruit bat pupa in paddy rice different growing sky
* 2 times: respectively at morning and dusk 6 points.
4 times: respectively at 6:00 AM, 12 noon, at dusk 6 and evenings 12 point.
Claims (4)
1. the trapping device of an evaluating prey ability of rice planthopper natural enemy, comprise column (1), retainer plate (2), gim peg (3), culture dish (6) and water tumbler (8), it is characterized in that: the internal diameter of described retainer plate (2) is slightly larger than column (1) external diameter, two retainer plates (2) is inserted in top and the bottom that is fixed on column (1) behind the column (1) respectively with gim peg (3); Along the periphery wall of each retainer plate (2), the outwards even distribution 2-4 root spreader (4) on same plane; The inner of each spreader (4) is fixed on the periphery wall of retainer plate (2), at its external port horizontal fixed one culture plate ring (5); Even level distribution is fixed four drinking cup rings (7) around each culture plate ring (5); Form upper strata frame and lower floor's frame by said fixing circle, spreader, culture plate ring and drinking cup ring (2,4,5,7); In two-layer culture plate ring (5) and drinking cup ring (7), shelve culture dish (6) and water tumbler (8) respectively; Set up the guard that a grid is 1cm * 1cm (9) in described culture dish (6) periphery.
2. trapping device according to claim 1 is characterized in that the suitable for reading on same horizontal plane of described culture dish (6) and water tumbler (8).
3. trapping device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described upper strata frame the level altitude on column (1) top by with surveyed rice strain integral shroud and rise and equate; The level altitude of described lower floor frame in column (1) bottom is from rice field water surface 5-10cm.
4. an application rights requires the method for 1 described trapping device, it is characterized in that carrying out according to the following steps:
(1) fruit bat is raised in standardization, adopts the prey confession predation of rice fulgorid as an alternative of its pupa;
(2) in culture dish (6), put into a small amount of wet soil, on soil, cover filter paper again, keeping suitable humidity, and evenly be placed on the fruit bat pupa of pupating in 6 hours on the filter paper; Culture dish (6) is shelved in the culture plate ring (5); Four replacing culture dishes every day (6) and fruit bat pupa are to keep the fresh of prey; On the culture dish (6) of placing the fruit bat pupa, set up guard (9);
(3) water tumbler (8) is shelved in the drinking cup ring (7), and in each water tumbler (8), injects the distilled water that the 100-200 milliliter contains 1% washing agent respectively;
(4) in the experimental plot, rice field, every interval 5-7 rice is set up 1 trapping device of preparing of (1), (2), (3) set by step, on this device layer by layer the frame level altitude with paddy growth to adjusted, the frame height is identical with rice strain integral shroud layer by layer in the maintenance; The following frame layer by layer of this device is fixed on the height from rice field water surface 5-10cm;
(5) lure the rice fulgorid predator hunting that comes with the interior fruit bat pupa of culture dish (6), and mistake is fallen in the water and is entrapped;
(6) record day by day, statistics examination is by the fruit bat pupa quantity of hunting and identify arthropodan kind and the quantity that is entrapped, finally to the rice fulgorid predator to the report of making an appraisal of rice fulgorid prey ability.
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Families Citing this family (5)
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| CN104351152B (en) * | 2014-11-26 | 2016-09-28 | 山东省果树研究所 | A kind of device for orchard oriental fruit months monitoring and prediction and preventing and treating and method of work thereof |
| CN106447512A (en) * | 2016-09-13 | 2017-02-22 | 江西省农业科学院植物保护研究所 | Method of quantitative evaluation on control of natural growth of rice hopper population through field natural enemy |
| CN108949771B (en) * | 2018-08-02 | 2021-10-19 | 南京农业大学 | Pseudoleopard pardalus C family insecticidal gene, and coded mature peptide and application thereof |
| CN109886828A (en) * | 2019-04-17 | 2019-06-14 | 农业农村部环境保护科研监测所 | A kind of method of the hostile wheat aphid predation in quantitative assessment field earth's surface day |
| CN109886827A (en) * | 2019-04-17 | 2019-06-14 | 农业农村部环境保护科研监测所 | A method of for the hostile pest predation in quantitative study field earth's surface day |
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