CN100406995C - 背光灯 - Google Patents

背光灯 Download PDF

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CN100406995C
CN100406995C CN2005100082619A CN200510008261A CN100406995C CN 100406995 C CN100406995 C CN 100406995C CN 2005100082619 A CN2005100082619 A CN 2005100082619A CN 200510008261 A CN200510008261 A CN 200510008261A CN 100406995 C CN100406995 C CN 100406995C
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宮下纯司
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Citizen Electronics Co Ltd
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A45—HAND OR TRAVELLING ARTICLES
    • A45D—HAIRDRESSING OR SHAVING EQUIPMENT; EQUIPMENT FOR COSMETICS OR COSMETIC TREATMENTS, e.g. FOR MANICURING OR PEDICURING
    • A45D1/00—Curling-tongs, i.e. tongs for use when hot; Curling-irons, i.e. irons for use when hot; Accessories therefor
    • A45D1/02—Curling-tongs, i.e. tongs for use when hot; Curling-irons, i.e. irons for use when hot; Accessories therefor with means for internal heating, e.g. by liquid fuel
    • A45D1/04—Curling-tongs, i.e. tongs for use when hot; Curling-irons, i.e. irons for use when hot; Accessories therefor with means for internal heating, e.g. by liquid fuel by electricity
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
    • G02B6/0035—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided on the surface of the light guide or in the bulk of it
    • G02B6/0038—Linear indentations or grooves, e.g. arc-shaped grooves or meandering grooves, extending over the full length or width of the light guide
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A45—HAND OR TRAVELLING ARTICLES
    • A45D—HAIRDRESSING OR SHAVING EQUIPMENT; EQUIPMENT FOR COSMETICS OR COSMETIC TREATMENTS, e.g. FOR MANICURING OR PEDICURING
    • A45D1/00—Curling-tongs, i.e. tongs for use when hot; Curling-irons, i.e. irons for use when hot; Accessories therefor
    • A45D1/06—Curling-tongs, i.e. tongs for use when hot; Curling-irons, i.e. irons for use when hot; Accessories therefor with two or more jaws
    • A45D1/08—Curling-tongs, i.e. tongs for use when hot; Curling-irons, i.e. irons for use when hot; Accessories therefor with two or more jaws the jaws remaining parallel to each other during use, e.g. the jaws sliding parallel to each other
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
    • G02B6/005—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed on the light output side of the light guide
    • G02B6/0053—Prismatic sheet or layer; Brightness enhancement element, sheet or layer
    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/20—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A45—HAND OR TRAVELLING ARTICLES
    • A45D—HAIRDRESSING OR SHAVING EQUIPMENT; EQUIPMENT FOR COSMETICS OR COSMETIC TREATMENTS, e.g. FOR MANICURING OR PEDICURING
    • A45D1/00—Curling-tongs, i.e. tongs for use when hot; Curling-irons, i.e. irons for use when hot; Accessories therefor
    • A45D2001/002—Accessories therefor

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Abstract

本发明提供一种背光灯(10)。具有导光板(1)、相对于作为该导光板的一个侧面的入光面(1c)而配置的光源(2)、配置于与导光板的上面(1a)相对的位置的棱镜板(3)，与导光板的下面(1b)相对向的反射板(4)。来自光源(2)的、经过入光面(1c)而入射到导光板(1)的光线，由导光板(1)进行光路变换，进而从其上面(1a)入射到棱镜板(3)；由该棱镜板(3)调整光的方向、并使照明光射到被照明物上。在棱镜板(3)的最终出射面(3a)上设置有多个透镜部(3L)。

Description

背光灯
技术领域
本发明涉及一种作为液晶显示装置等中的薄型显示装置的照明机构而使用的背光灯。
背景技术
在应用于手机、笔记本电脑等的液晶显示装置(LCD面板)那样的平板显示装置中，通常是将面板和用于照明该面板的背光灯组合起来而加以使用的。该背光灯的要点是将均匀且光强度足够的光照射在LCD面板等的面板的整个表面上。
过去，如图8A至图8C所示，有众所周知的采用导光板和棱镜板的背光灯(例如参照日本专利公报特开2003-59321、图1和图5)。
图8A至图8C中所示的直角坐标的X、Y、Z的方向分别表示背光灯110的宽度方向、厚度方向、长度方向。在图8A至图8C中，101为导光板；102为作为与入光面101c相对向地配置的光源的LED，该入光面101c为导光板101的一个侧面；103为与导光板101的上面101a相对向地配置的棱镜板；104为与导光板101的下面101b相对向地配置的反射板。导光板101的上面101a为平滑的平面，在其下面101b上形成有多个棱镜101p，该棱镜具有以较小的倾斜角(图9的α)朝Z方向倾斜突出的棱镜面。另一方面，在棱镜板103与导光板101相对向的下面103b上，以锐角(例如65°～70°)突出地形成有多个棱镜103p。
在该背光灯110中，如图9所示，从LED102以θ角射入导光板101的入光面101c中的光束S1，由于导光板内的折射，而以小于θ的出射角射入导光板110的下面的棱镜101p的面。这里光束S1为平行光束。这时，在入射到棱镜101p面的入射角大于临界角(例如导光板101的折射率为1.55时，临界角为40°)的情况下，光束S1在此反射，而入射到导光板101的上面101a。这里，如果入射到上面101a的入射角为临界角以下，则由于导光板的折射，光束透过上面101a而射出到外部；但是，当入射角为临界角以上时，如图所示，进一步在此反射而入射到下面101b的棱镜101p面。这里，由于棱镜101p具有倾斜角α，所以每当在棱镜101p面上进行反射时，作为反射光而射入到上述上面101a的光束S1的入射角就减少(每次2α)。因此，在下面的棱镜101p面进行1次或多次反射后，入射到上面101a的入射角就成为临界角以下，如图9所示，由于折射而透过上面101a、并作为出射角为φ的光束S12而射出到外部。
这里，由于倾斜角α使导光板101内部的光的传播性良好，所以大多数的情况下将其设定为较小的角度。这时，即使在射入到上面101a的入射角为临界角以下的情况下，入射角也为与临界角相近的角度。因此，上述出射角φ的角度容易变大(例如超过60°的角度)。
图10表示从图9所示的导光板101的上面101a射出的出射光的指向性。图10A表示ZY面上的指向性，图10B表示XY面上的指向性。综合图10来看，出射光的分量偏向Z方向，Y方向的分量较少，垂直方向的分量也较少，所以，在此状态下，不能向作为被照明物的LCD面板等供给充足有效的垂直方向的照明光的分量，从而难于得到作为背光灯所必需的照明亮度。因此，为使来自导光板101的出射光朝向Y方向，而设置有棱镜板103。
直接或经过自上面101a的反射而入射到导光板的下面的棱镜101p的面上的内部光S1的入射角有时小于临界角。虽未图示，但在此情况下，入射光由折射而穿过棱镜101p的面，而到达反射板104(参照图8)，并在此发生反射，进而再次穿过棱镜101p的面而入射到导光板101内。这样，可以提高导光板101内的内部光的利用率。
图11表示棱镜板103的作用。如图11所示，在ZY面来看，从导光板的上面101a射出的光束S12以接近垂直的角度(以接近0°的入射角)入射到设置于与棱镜板103的导光板101相对向的下面上的棱镜103p的棱镜斜面103pa上，并几乎无折射地穿行于棱镜板103内、夹持棱线地入射到相反侧的斜面103pb上，并在此进行全反射，从而以大体垂直方向(Y方向)地朝上方穿行、几乎无折射地从棱镜板103的上面103a上作为照明光束S13而被射出。在此，作为最终出射面的棱镜板103的上面103a为平滑面或一般的粗糙面。这样，来自导光板的出射光的光束S12几乎就以该状态(作为平行光束)在棱镜板103反射、并仅改变方向，所以，作为最终出射光的背光灯的照明光束S13为几乎平行的光束，从而汇集了该光束的背光灯的照明光、其背光灯的长度方向(Z方向)的指向性较窄。另外，即使在最终出射面为一般的粗糙面的情况下，Z方向的指向性也仅发散得很小。
在此，图12A表示ZY面上的指向性，图12B表示XY面上的指向性。从这些图中也可以看到，背光灯的指向性与Y方向相关联的分量较大，其对有效地提高入射到图未示的平板上的入射光的量、提高整体的照明亮度较有利。但是，图12A所示的Z方向的指向性的宽度与图12B所示的X方向的指向性的宽度相比很小，不利于均匀的照明。因此，有时会产生例如明暗相间的条纹等。其结果就是产生了照明品质低下的问题。
发明内容
本发明正是鉴于上述问题点而提出的，其目的在于，提供一种改善了照明光的指向性的背光灯。
本发明提供一种背光灯，具有导光板、光源和棱镜板；该导光板具有上面、下面和入光面，该光源与上述导光板的入光面相对地进行配置，上述棱镜板配置于与上述导光板的上面相对的位置、且具有与被照明物相对的光的最终出射面；来自上述光源的、经过上述入光面而入射到上述导光板的光，由上述导光板而进行光路变换，进而从上述导光板的上面入射到上述棱镜板；经上述棱镜板而调整光的方向，将从上述棱镜板的最终出射面射出的照明光照射到被照明物上，其特征在于，在上述棱镜板的与上述导光板相对的面上设置有多个棱镜，并且在上述棱镜板的光的最终出射面上设置由多个透镜构成的透镜部，该透镜部相对于上述多个棱镜的每一个分别设置有多个透镜。
在其中一个实施例中，透镜机构具有多个连续配置的透镜部。多个透镜部各自的与上述被照明物相对的面均形成为凸状，且上述多个透镜部相对于上述导光板的入光面并行地延伸。
在另一实施例中，这些多个透镜部各自的与上述被照明物相对的面均形成为凹状，且上述多个透镜部相对于上述导光板的入光面并行地延伸。
附图说明
图1A表示本发明的背光灯的第一实施例的立体图。
图1B表示该背光灯的平面图。
图1C表示从其宽度方向(X方向)看该背光灯的侧视图。
图1D表示图1C中的A部分的放大图。
图2为说明用于图1A所示的背光灯中的导光板的作用的图。
图3为更详细地表示用于图1A所示的背光灯中的导光板的作用的图。
图4为表示用于图1A所示的背光灯中的棱镜板的作用的图。
图5A和图5B为表示图1A所示的背光灯的照明光的指向性的图。
图6A为表示本发明的背光灯的第二实施例的俯视图。
图6B为从直角坐标X、Y、Z中的X方向所看到的背光灯的侧视图。
图6C为图6B中的B部分的放大图。
图7为表示用于图6A所示的背光灯中的棱镜板的作用的图。
图8A为现有的背光灯的立体图。
图8B为图8A所示的背光灯的平面图。
图8C为从其宽度方向(X方向)所看到的图8A所示的背光灯的侧视图。
图9为表示用于图8A所示的背光灯的导光板的作用的图。
图10A为表示ZY面上的导光板的出射光的指向性的图。
图10B为表示XY面上的导光板的出射光的指向性的图。
图11为表示用于图8A所示的背光灯中的棱镜板的作用的图。
图12A和图12B为表示图8A所示的背光灯的照明光的指向性的图。
具体实施方式
下面，参照附图说明本发明的背光灯的第一实施例。
图1A至图1D表示本发明的第一实施例中的背光灯10的结构。图1A至图1D所示的直角坐标X、Y、Z的方向分别表示背光灯10的宽度方向、厚度方向和长度方向。在图1A至图1D中，1为导光板，2为在与作为导光板1的一个侧面的入光面1c相对向的位置上配置的、作为光源的LED，3为与导光板1的上面1a相对向地配置的棱镜板，4为与导光板1的下面1b相对向地配置的反射板。导光板1由透明的塑料制成，其上面1a为平滑的平面，在其下面1b上形成有具有棱镜面的多个棱镜1p，该棱镜面以较小的倾斜角(参照图2的α)向Z方向立起地倾斜。另一方面，棱镜板3也是由透明的塑料而形成，在与该导光板1相对向的下面3b上形成有以锐角(例如60°～75°)突出的多个棱镜3p。
在棱镜板3的形成有棱镜3p的下面3b的相反侧的上面3a上设置有用于使光折射并穿过的透镜机构。该透镜机构具有连续配置的多个透镜部3L。在该第一实施例中，多个透镜部3L各自的朝向被照明物的面均形成为凸状(参照图1D)，并且，多个透镜部3L为相对于导光板1的入光面1c地并行延伸地配置(参照图1B)。
棱镜3p具有多个连续配置的凹凸形状的棱线，这些凹凸的棱线是相对于导光板1的入光面1c并行延伸地形成的。
在导光板1的下面1b上设有棱镜1p。该棱镜1p具有多个连续配置的凹凸形状的棱线，这些凹凸的棱线是相对于导光板1的入光面1c并行延伸地形成的。
这些凸状的透镜部3L的面，如后面所述，成为背光灯10的照明光的最终出射面。
这里，棱镜3p的棱线和透镜部3L的棱线(或母线)的方向，如图1A、图1B所示，均朝向X方向且相互平行。导光板1的下面1b中的棱镜1p的棱线的方向也为X方向。以下，说明图1A至图1C所示的背光灯10的作用。
图2和图3为表示导光板1的作用的图。如图2所示，从LED2以θ角入射到导光板1的入光面1c的光束S，由于折射而以小于θ的出射角射入导光板1内，并入射到其下面的棱镜1p的面。在此，使光束S为平行光束。这样，光束S入射到导光板1后，与现有例中用图9所说明的原理同样地，每当在下面的棱镜1p反射一次、入射角就随之减小，当射入上面1a的入射角为临界角(例如导光板1的折射率为1.55时，临界角为40°)以下时，光束S才由折射而穿过该面，并作为光束S2以很大的出射角φ(例如60°以上)射出到外部。
图3为关于包含于上述光束S的一根光线s的、更详细地说明该导光板的作用的图。如图3所示，光线s从LED2以θ角入射到导光板1的入光面1c，并在此发生折射，由斯内尔定律，当折射率n＝1.55时，
θ1＝sin-1[(sinθ)/1.55]                     …(1)
光线s以比入射角θ小得多的角度θ1射出到导光板1内，而以入射角φ1p＝90°-θ1-α的角度射入具有倾斜角α的棱镜p1的面。这里，当入射角φ1p为临界角以上时，光线在进行全反射后、以入射角为φ1a＝90°-θ1-2α的角度射入导光板的上面1a。在此，当入射角φ1a为临界角以上时，光线s朝下面的棱镜1p进一步地反射，并以入射角φ2p＝90°-θ1-3α的角度射入下面的棱镜1p。这样，每当在导光板的下面的棱镜1p上进行一次反射，向上面1a的入射角就减少2α。即，在棱镜1p，若进行了n次反射时，相对于上面1a的入射角为φna，则可以用公式
φna＝90-θ1-2nα             …(2)
来表示。即，每当反复进行反射时，入射角就随之减小，可以成为临界角以下。这时，光线穿过上面1a，以图2所示的出射角φ射出到外部。
例如，当θ1＝30°、α＝6°、临界角＝40°时，在下面的棱镜1p上进行一次反射的情况下，由(2)式可得，相对于上面1a的入射角φ1a＝60°-12°＝48°，为临界角以上而进行反射；在棱镜1p上进行两次反射的情况下，相对于上面1a的入射角φ2a＝60°-24°＝36°，为临界角40以下，所以，由于折射，入射光如图2所示，以出射角φ透过上面1a而射出。在该情况下，作为入射角的φ2a与临界角接近，所以，图2所示的出射光S2的出射角φ变大，成为例如60°以上。因此，来自导光板1的出射光S2的指向性与现有例同样地，如图10所示，其Y方向的分量较少而大多偏向Z方向。
然后，自内侧入射到导光板的下面1b的棱镜1p的棱镜面上的光的入射角为临界角以内时，反射板4(参照图1)反射穿过该棱镜面而从下方射出的光，使其透过棱镜面而再次射入导光板1内，起到提高光的利用率的作用。
上述的导光板1和反射板4的作用原理，与已用图8、9所说明的现有例的背光灯110的情况相同、均为公知原理，但是为了按顺序说明第一实施例，仍加以叙述。
图4表示第一实施例的背光灯10中的棱镜板3的作用。如图4所示，以出射角φ(参照图2)从导光板1的上面1a射出的光束S2，射入到棱镜板3的下面3b的、设置于与导光板1的相对位置上的棱镜3p左侧的斜面3pa。在该情况下，如果棱镜3p的顶角在与出射角φ相对应的规定的角度范围内，则光线以90°左右的入射角入射到棱镜左侧的斜面3pa，并且几乎无折射地穿行于棱镜3p内，而后入射到其右侧的斜面3pb，并在此进行全反射，进而沿大体垂直方向(Y方向)朝上方穿行，到达形成于棱镜板3的上面3a上的凸状的透镜部3L，然后，通过折射透过透镜部3L的面而射出到外部。该透镜部3L在图面内(ZY面)向上侧呈凸状弯曲，沿垂直于纸面的方向(X方向)以保持该弯曲的状态径直地延伸。穿过作为最终出射面的透镜部3L的光线，由折射而聚光于离开透镜焦距f的位置，而后以与聚光时的角度大体相同的角度ω朝ZY面中的Z方向扩散，并成为最终的照明光束S3。由于具有这样扩散的照明光束S3，从而可以改善背光灯10的照明光的指向性。用作为指向性的特性图的图5对该状态进行说明。根据第一实施例的背光灯10，如图5A所示，可以使背光灯10的照明光的ZY面上的Z方向的指向性的宽度比现有例更加扩大(参照图12A)。
另一方面，在图面的垂直方向(X方向)，由于透镜部3L的面为非弯曲的，所以不能由透镜进行来自透镜部3L的出射光的聚光和扩散作用。因此，第一实施例的背光灯10的XY面中的X方向的指向性的宽度，如图5B所示，相比于现有例(参照图12B)没有变化。因此，在第一实施例中，可以使背光灯10的Z方向(长度方向)的指向性和X方向(宽度方向)的指向性的宽度大体相等，可以实现照明品质高的背光。通过改变透镜部3L的曲率、变换焦距、或通过改变扩散角ω，可以调整背光灯10的Z方向的指向性，所以，可以使Z方向(长度方向)的指向性和X方向(宽度方向)的宽度完全相等，并相应于其目的而设定为所希望的比率。
下面，参照附图说明本发明的背光灯的第二实施例。
图6A至图6C表示该第二实施例的背光灯20的结构。在图6A至图6C中，13为棱镜板。该棱镜板13由透明的塑料制成，在与导光板1相对的下面13b上形成有与图1A至图1C所示的棱镜3p同样的多个棱镜13p。在该第二实施例中，在棱镜板13的形成有棱镜13p的下面13b的相反侧的上面13a上，设置有与第一实施例的透镜机构同样的透镜机构，该透镜机构具有连续配置的多个透镜部13L。多个透镜部13L的各自朝向被照明物的面均形成为凹状，并且，透镜部13L为相对于导光板1的入光面1c并行延伸地配置。
在此，棱镜13p的棱线和上述透镜部13L的棱线(或长度方向)都向X方向延伸，并且相互平行。第二实施例的背光灯20的棱镜板13以外的部件及其符号，与图1所示的第一实施例的背光灯10的相同。即，在第二实施例中，导光板1和反射板4的作用与所述的第一实施例中的相同。因此，仅对上述棱镜板13的作用进行说明。
图7为表示第二实施例的背光灯20中的棱镜板13的作用的图。如图7所示，以出射角φ(参照图2)射出导光板1的上面1a的光束S2，射入到棱镜板13的下面13b的、设置于与导光板1相对位置上的棱镜13p左侧的斜面13pa；与第一实施例中同样地，在右侧的斜面13pb进行反射，进而沿大体垂直方向(Y方向)朝上方穿行、并到达形成于棱镜板13的上面13a上的凹状的透镜部13L，然后，通过折射穿过作为最终出射面的透镜部13L的面而射出到外部。该透镜部13L在图面内(ZY面)向下侧呈凸状弯曲，沿垂直于纸面的方向(X方向)保持该弯曲的状态径直地延伸。穿过透镜部13L的光线，由凹透镜的折射，沿距透镜表面大体焦距f的内侧位置为假想光源那样的方向以扩散角ω朝ZY面中的Z方向扩散，成为最终的照明光束S4。由此，背光灯20的最终出射光的指向性的Z方向的宽度要比现有例有所增加，可以取得和X方向的指向性的宽度的平衡，与图5所示的背光灯10的指向性相同，从而提高照明的品质。
如上所述，根据本发明，可以提供具有朝向被照射物体的良好的光的指向性的背光灯。

Claims (7)

1.一种背光灯，具有导光板、光源和棱镜板；该导光板具有上面、下面和入光面，该光源与上述导光板的入光面相对地进行配置，上述棱镜板配置于与上述导光板的上面相对的位置、且具有与被照明物相对的光的最终出射面；来自上述光源的、经过上述入光面而入射到上述导光板的光，由上述导光板而进行光路变换，进而从上述导光板的上面入射到上述棱镜板；经上述棱镜板而调整光的方向，将从上述棱镜板的最终出射面射出的照明光照射到被照明物上，其特征在于，在上述棱镜板的与上述导光板相对的面上设置有多个棱镜，并且在上述棱镜板的光的最终出射面上设置由多个透镜构成的透镜部，该透镜部相对于上述多个棱镜的每一个分别设置有多个透镜。
2.如权利要求1所述的背光灯，其特征在于，上述透镜部的各透镜的与上述被照明物相对的面形成为凸状，且上述各透镜相对于上述导光板的入光面并行延伸地连续配置。
3.如权利要求1所述的背光灯，其特征在于，上述透镜部的各透镜的与上述被照明物相对的面形成为凹状，且上述各透镜相对于上述导光板的入光面并行延伸地连续配置。
4.如权利要求1所述的背光灯，其特征在于，设置于上述棱镜板上的棱镜具有多个连续设置的凹凸形状，该凹凸的棱线相对于上述导光板的入光面并行地延伸而形成。
5.如权利要求1所述的背光灯，其特征在于，在上述导光板的下面设置有棱镜。
6.如权利要求5所述的背光灯，其特征在于，设置于上述导光板下面的上述棱镜具有多个连续设置的凹凸形状，该凹凸的棱线相对于上述导光板的入光面并行地延伸而形成。
7.如权利要求1所述的背光灯，其特征在于，具有在与上述导光板的下面相对的位置配置的反射板，上述反射板使穿过导光板的光反射、并返回到导光板。
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US7046907B2 (en) 2006-05-16
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