CN1004024B - Pressure reducing valve - Google Patents
Pressure reducing valve Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1004024B CN1004024B CN85108998.4A CN85108998A CN1004024B CN 1004024 B CN1004024 B CN 1004024B CN 85108998 A CN85108998 A CN 85108998A CN 1004024 B CN1004024 B CN 1004024B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- valve
- piston
- pilot
- main valve
- pressure
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tin Chemical compound [Cu].[Sn] KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000906 Bronze Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241001125877 Gobio gobio Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010974 bronze Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000002925 dental caries Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
- F16K25/00—Details relating to contact between valve members and seats
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J9/00—Piston-rings, e.g. non-metallic piston-rings, seats therefor; Ring sealings of similar construction
- F16J9/28—Piston-rings, e.g. non-metallic piston-rings, seats therefor; Ring sealings of similar construction of non-metals
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
- F16K39/00—Devices for relieving the pressure on the sealing faces
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D16/00—Control of fluid pressure
- G05D16/02—Modifications to reduce the effects of instability, e.g. due to vibrations, friction, abnormal temperature, overloading or imbalance
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D16/00—Control of fluid pressure
- G05D16/04—Control of fluid pressure without auxiliary power
- G05D16/10—Control of fluid pressure without auxiliary power the sensing element being a piston or plunger
- G05D16/107—Control of fluid pressure without auxiliary power the sensing element being a piston or plunger with a spring-loaded piston in combination with a spring-loaded slideable obturator that move together over range of motion during normal operation
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D16/00—Control of fluid pressure
- G05D16/14—Control of fluid pressure with auxiliary non-electric power
- G05D16/16—Control of fluid pressure with auxiliary non-electric power derived from the controlled fluid
- G05D16/166—Control of fluid pressure with auxiliary non-electric power derived from the controlled fluid using pistons within the main valve
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Control Of Fluid Pressure (AREA)
- Fluid-Driven Valves (AREA)
- Multiple-Way Valves (AREA)
- Safety Valves (AREA)
- Details Of Valves (AREA)
- Gas Separation By Absorption (AREA)
- Steering Control In Accordance With Driving Conditions (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
In additional to a main valve, a pilot-operated reducing valve also comprises a pilot-operated valve. The pilot-operated valve is used for the control of the main valve and response of a primary-side fluid pressure change in order to adjust a secondary pressure. Each valve comprises a slide valve which consists of a cylinder and a piston slide in the cylinder. The sealing manner between the piston and the cylinder improves by the invention.
Description
This invention is relevant with the piloted reducer of use in steam, pressurized air or suchlike pipe-line system, and this valve is used for keeping secondary fluid pressure at predetermined setting value.In order to control it, improved especially use with the sealing means of the sliding valve structure of main valve or pilot valve interlock.
For example, by Japanese utility sample publication NO, described in the 45-27184, a piloted reducer also comprises a pilot valve except main valve.In order to control main valve, pilot valve is placed in the fluid passage, and this fluid passage is communicated with the primary side of main valve with cavity on the piston of main valve interlock.As described later, pilot valve is controlled by diaphragm, and membrane deflection is with the change in fluid pressure of main valve primary side, and controls the Fluid Volume that flow into epicoele with this, thereby on piston and the main valve that promotes piston and be attached thereto under the differential pressure action of piston bottom surface.The piston bottom surface is under the secondary gas pressure.
This reduction valve comprises the above-mentioned piston and the pilot valve of the accurate motion that influence and primary side are complementary.As mentioned above, it also influences the performance characteristic of valve itself significantly.More precisely, with regard to piston, the hydrodynamic pressure that acts on piston upper surface is by the former escape of liquid amount control that flow into the piston upper plenum by the gap between pilot valve, piston and cylinder.If the gap is little, the leakage of fluid is also little, and can make main valve be parked in original aperture (lert as opened) and/or make piston and the cylinder sintering stuck.If the gap is widened to is enough to prevent that such sintering is stuck, leak and can become big, the power that promotes main valve is reduced.As for pilot valve, if former fluid flow into cavity under the diaphragm (below be called " diaphragm chamber ") by the gap between guide rod and the guide pin bushing, pressure in diaphragm chamber, be necessary for second pressure at the beginning, if the pressure oscillation in the diaphragm chamber, the thing followed is to be subjected to the action of the diaphragm possible errors of this pressure operation.If in order to prevent to leak, the gap is done narrowlyer, in any case, the easy motion of the slip resistance meeting destruction of increase itself.Therefore, be desirable to provide a sliding parts with high-seal ability and low slip resistance structure.
In order to achieve the above object, in the Japanese publication that is drawn in the above, between piston and cylinder, formed the fixed interval (FI), and a metal ring has been placed in the circular groove that piston side wall forms, allowed fluid on the piston by the clearance leakage between metal ring and the cylinder.
Yet such structure can cause the unsteady motion of sliding parts, does the as a whole operation that will lead to errors.More precisely, this metal ring is generally made with phosphor bronze, because its external diameter is irregular, makes that the leakage between metal ring and the cylinder face is inhomogeneous, and sometimes because the thermal expansion meeting causes the stuck of sliding parts, the operation that this can lead to errors.Therefore, be necessary to replace the phosphor bronze ring with other ring with hypoelasticity power and low contact resistance.
Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide an improved structure of relief pressure valve, its sliding parts demonstrates high sealability and low slip resistance through revising, and can avoid because that thermal expansion causes is stuck.
As described in this invention, provide one by a main valve and the reduction valve that pilot valve is formed, in order to control corresponding valve, interrelate with a sliding valve structure separately.This sliding valve structure is made up of a movable inner body with cylindrical outer surface and the motionless exterior part with the cylindrical form interior surface that matches with the inner body outer surface.As a fundamental characteristics of this invention, first part comprises two circular grooves that are shaped in axial separate machined each other at least at its outer surface, and each groove comprises a lip ring that is mounted in it at least.This Sealing is made with fluororesin, and it has at least a place to be cut open.
In fact, first and second parts can be respectively piston and cylinder, in order to the control main valve; Or be respectively guide rod and guide pin bushing, in order to the control pilot valve.
Above-mentioned or other characteristic and effect of the present invention will be done narration in more detail according to following accompanying drawing.
In these figure:
Fig. 1 is a side cross-sectional view of embodiment of the invention reduction valve.
Fig. 2 is that side cross-sectional view is amplified in the part of the piston-cylinder structure of reduction valve shown in Figure 1.And
Fig. 3 is an amplification side cross-sectional view of the pilot valve of reduction valve shown in Figure 1.
Among all each figure, structural elements is adopted same numbering.
Referring to Fig. 1, so invention is described, the concrete device of reduction valve comprises a valve body 29 that has the bottom 31 that is used for holding float 34, be used for holding piston 6, cylinder 9, main valve 5 and comprise the main body 1 of the separator structure of swirl vane 27 and exhaust part 28 is used for holding guide's valve body 32 of pilot valve 11 and holds the spring housing 33 of pressure-adjusting spring 14, these elements connect together by the flange of order illustrated by them, have put into suitable packing ring between flange.Diaphragm 15 is placed between guide's valve body 32 and the spring housing 33, and main body 1 has an import 2 and one outlet 3, coaxial each other shaping and interconnect by valve port 4.Main valve is upwards being pushed the valve seat that valve port 4 peripheries form by a spring, and main valve 5 has a upwardly extending central pin shaft, and props up in valve port 4 from the bottom of the piston 6 downward gudgeon pin shafts that extend.
In valve body 29, the suitable means that have hemisphere float cover 35 usefulness of many through holes 36 not represent are supported on the base plate 31, and hollow spherical float 34 freely holds in the space between middle cover 35 and the base plate 31.Base plate 31 has an outfall 37, and a discharge valve seat 38 is housed, and the float 34 that is used as valve body usually cuts out.
In operation, the spring force that makes progress that main valve 5 is applied thereon usually cuts out, and pilot valve 11 is adjusted the downward spring force that screw 22 gives the pressure spring of adjusting earlier 14 usually and opens.When the steam of moisture vapor enters into inlet 2, its pressure leads to cavity below the pilot valve 11 by intercommunicating pore 12, then by the pilot valve 11 opened and intercommunicating pore 13 to the cavity above the piston 6, the promotion piston moves downward, thereby open main valve 5, so steam enters valve body 29, by the main valve of opening 5, come out from exporting 3 then.By in the process, swirl vane 27 rotation steam are isolated water vapor by centrifugal force, make it collect in valve body 29 bottoms as discharge water at this steam.When discharge water is put aside when being enough to overcome the weight of float 34, float 34 38 discharge waters of lifting off a seat are discharged from exhaust port 37.
Give tone pitch if vapor pressure is elevated to surpass, it is introduced to diaphragm chamber by intercommunicating pore 26 and promotes diaphragm 15 against spring 14.As shown,, causing pilot valve 11 to be closed, and therefore because the throttle orifice 10(Fig. 2 by piston 6 because spring upwards pushes away) leakage makes that pressure is in balance between the upper and lower sides of piston 6.Correspondingly, main valve 5 is closed by the spring pressure in the vapor pressure support of primary side, stops flow of steam.
Make second pressure adjust to predetermined value along with the change of primary pressure, can repeat same operation.
Piston structure shown in Fig. 2 invents for this reason.This structure comprises a bucket cylinder 9 and inserts the piston 6 of cylinder 9, little gap is arranged between them.For above mentioned purpose, piston 6 has a throttle orifice 10 that is communicated with piston upside and downside.Two mutual separated circular grooves 61 are shaped at cylindrical outer wall, in each groove 61 lip ring 8 are housed also.Sealing 8 is made by fluororesin, and is cut open in a place (62) at least.Spring sheet 7 is placed between the bottom of Sealing 8 and groove 61, pushes away Sealing 8 to guarantee the tight contact between them towards the internal surface of cylinder 9.
Referring to Fig. 3, pilot valve structure 11(Fig. 1 of this invention) forms by the guide rod in a guide pin bushing 16 and the insertion guide rod pilot hole 161.Valve seat 162 forms around the lower end of the pilot hole 161 that contacts with the valve body 21 of guide rod 17.The horizontal through hole 18 that intersects with pilot hole 161 forms in guide pin bushing 16 and links intercommunicating pore 13(Fig. 1 for purpose above-mentioned).
Guide rod 17 is made of less than the axle 171 of the internal diameter of the pilot hole 161 of guide pin bushing 16 substantially a diameter.Axle 171 has the enlarged 172 of an all-in-one-piece picture flanged type, just in time on through hole 18, is fixed on valve body 21 and a top part 173 that is fitted in the top and cover 20 that is slidingly matched with axle 171 between part 172 and 173 of lower end.Part 20,172 and 173 diameter are slightly smaller than the diameter of bore of pilot hole 161.Part 20 and 172 and part 20 and 173 between respectively put a pair of lip ring 19.Each part 19 usefulness fluororesin is made and is cut at 191 places.Part 19 and 20 axial dimension are designed to their summation less than the space between part 172 and 173, and allow part 19 and 20 to do tangible axial motion.Such design enables to absorb Sealing 19 in possible thermal expansion axial and radially, to prevent above-mentioned stuck problem.On top part 173,, adorned a dome cap 24(Fig. 1) in order to contact with diaphragm 15.
As mentioned above, Sealing 8 and 19 usefulness fluororesin are made, and cut in a place (62,191) at least, and therefore, invention is consistent therewith, demonstrates slip resistance and quite reduces, and absorb the thermal expansion that they may occur effectively.Their axial clearance can be avoided any inclination on each piston 6 or guide rod 17, and inclination can cause inhomogeneous contact, thus the quiet run of energy maintaining valve.
Should be pointed out that what top description was just made for task of explanation, as described in appended claim, within the scope of the present invention, can also make various improvement and variation.
Claims (2)
1, a kind of reduction valve that comprises a main valve and control the pilot valve of this main valve, this pilot valve comprise one have an external cylindrical surface inner cylindrical surface to be arranged with the movable inner body that forms a guide rod and one so that and these internals cooperate the static exterior part that forms guide pin bushing, it is characterized in that, the middle part diameter of this guide rod diminishes and two-part diameter adjacent with the middle part is constant, a cylindrical shroud is enclosed within on this middle part slidably, lip ring around this middle part is placed between this cover and this adjacent portions, keeps certain axial and radial clearance.
2, reduction valve as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the sealing part is made by fluororesin and is cut open at a place at least.
Applications Claiming Priority (6)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP59-190706 | 1984-12-14 | ||
| JP190706/84 | 1984-12-14 | ||
| JP1984190706U JPH0726733Y2 (en) | 1984-12-14 | 1984-12-14 | Pressure reducing valve |
| JP60-139846 | 1985-09-11 | ||
| JP139846/85 | 1985-09-11 | ||
| JP1985139846U JPH0454498Y2 (en) | 1985-09-11 | 1985-09-11 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN85108998A CN85108998A (en) | 1986-06-10 |
| CN1004024B true CN1004024B (en) | 1989-04-26 |
Family
ID=26472546
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN85108998.4A Expired CN1004024B (en) | 1984-12-14 | 1985-12-07 | Pressure reducing valve |
Country Status (24)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| KR (1) | KR920006359Y1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1004024B (en) |
| AT (1) | AT392546B (en) |
| AU (1) | AU5047785A (en) |
| BE (1) | BE903840A (en) |
| BR (1) | BR8506254A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1270721A (en) |
| CH (1) | CH668628A5 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3544177A1 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK166470B1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES8700403A1 (en) |
| FI (1) | FI79395C (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2574896B1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2168504B (en) |
| GR (1) | GR853007B (en) |
| IT (2) | IT8554189V0 (en) |
| LU (1) | LU86199A1 (en) |
| MX (1) | MX161859A (en) |
| NL (1) | NL188712C (en) |
| NO (1) | NO159554C (en) |
| NZ (1) | NZ214483A (en) |
| PH (1) | PH23609A (en) |
| PT (1) | PT81635B (en) |
| SE (1) | SE461933B (en) |
Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SE452643B (en) * | 1985-07-01 | 1987-12-07 | Forsheda Ab | Rotary piston for control of material flow to a spray nozzle |
| CN1005588B (en) * | 1985-10-30 | 1989-10-25 | Tlv有限公司 | `Reducing valve |
| JPS6331415U (en) * | 1986-08-12 | 1988-03-01 | ||
| ES2204226B1 (en) * | 2001-04-16 | 2005-07-16 | Hidroconta, S.A. | VALVE GOVERNMENT PILOT WITH MEMBRANE OR PISTON CLOSURE. |
| DE102005024709A1 (en) * | 2005-05-30 | 2006-12-21 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Pressure control valve device |
| JP5475716B2 (en) * | 2011-04-27 | 2014-04-16 | 株式会社コガネイ | Internal pilot pressure reducing valve |
| CN103430118B (en) * | 2011-05-17 | 2016-01-13 | 株式会社小金井 | Piloted reducer |
| CN103644307A (en) * | 2013-12-07 | 2014-03-19 | 四川锦宇化机有限公司 | High-temperature and high-pressure temperature and pressure reducing valve |
| CN103697207A (en) * | 2013-12-27 | 2014-04-02 | 李潘宝 | Pilot-operated pressure regulating valve |
Family Cites Families (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE125906C (en) * | ||||
| GB622556A (en) * | 1947-03-26 | 1949-05-04 | British Oxygen Co Ltd | Improvements in or relating to pressure reducing valves |
| DE898238C (en) * | 1951-09-14 | 1953-11-30 | Philips Nv | Hot gas piston machine |
| GB1020332A (en) * | 1962-04-14 | 1966-02-16 | Yazaki Meter Co Ltd | A flow meter for propane or the like gas with a safety device combined therewith |
| DE1252487B (en) * | 1963-07-27 | |||
| US3348573A (en) * | 1965-04-19 | 1967-10-24 | Grove Valve & Regulator Co | Fluid pressure regulator having a guided pressure responsive member |
| CA884121A (en) * | 1968-08-02 | 1971-10-26 | Texaco Canada Limited | Safety valve |
| CA922752A (en) * | 1969-05-22 | 1973-03-13 | Sievenpiper Ward | Seal ring |
| DE2308150A1 (en) * | 1972-07-12 | 1974-01-24 | Ato Inc | MULTI-PART SEALING RING SYSTEM |
| US4206930A (en) * | 1977-05-31 | 1980-06-10 | Chemprene, Inc. | Circumferentially compressed piston ring assembly and method |
| US4522230A (en) * | 1983-02-23 | 1985-06-11 | Rockwell International Corporation | Orifice plate seal ring for controlled closure check valve |
| NZ209289A (en) * | 1983-10-27 | 1987-03-31 | Tlv Co Ltd | Gas pressure reducing valve with liquid separator |
-
1985
- 1985-11-20 GB GB08528556A patent/GB2168504B/en not_active Expired
- 1985-11-21 PH PH33074A patent/PH23609A/en unknown
- 1985-11-28 MX MX85771A patent/MX161859A/en unknown
- 1985-11-28 AU AU50477/85A patent/AU5047785A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1985-12-05 FR FR858518023A patent/FR2574896B1/en not_active Expired
- 1985-12-07 CN CN85108998.4A patent/CN1004024B/en not_active Expired
- 1985-12-09 CH CH5249/85A patent/CH668628A5/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1985-12-09 FI FI854841A patent/FI79395C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1985-12-09 NZ NZ214483A patent/NZ214483A/en unknown
- 1985-12-10 IT IT8554189U patent/IT8554189V0/en unknown
- 1985-12-10 KR KR2019850016500U patent/KR920006359Y1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1985-12-10 IT IT8568032A patent/IT1215168B/en active
- 1985-12-10 PT PT81635A patent/PT81635B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1985-12-11 LU LU86199A patent/LU86199A1/en unknown
- 1985-12-12 GR GR853007A patent/GR853007B/el not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1985-12-12 SE SE8505883A patent/SE461933B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1985-12-12 AT AT3595/85A patent/AT392546B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1985-12-12 BE BE0/215998A patent/BE903840A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1985-12-13 BR BR8506254A patent/BR8506254A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1985-12-13 DK DK577985A patent/DK166470B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1985-12-13 ES ES85549898A patent/ES8700403A1/en not_active Expired
- 1985-12-13 NO NO85855032A patent/NO159554C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1985-12-13 DE DE19853544177 patent/DE3544177A1/en active Granted
- 1985-12-13 CA CA000497564A patent/CA1270721A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1985-12-13 NL NLAANVRAGE8503446,A patent/NL188712C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C13 | Decision | ||
| GR02 | Examined patent application | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C17 | Cessation of patent right | ||
| CX01 | Expiry of patent term |