CN100392129C - Large-sized hypereutectic high-seleium aluminium alloy billet and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Large-sized hypereutectic high-seleium aluminium alloy billet and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN100392129C CN100392129C CNB2005101195506A CN200510119550A CN100392129C CN 100392129 C CN100392129 C CN 100392129C CN B2005101195506 A CNB2005101195506 A CN B2005101195506A CN 200510119550 A CN200510119550 A CN 200510119550A CN 100392129 C CN100392129 C CN 100392129C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a blank material of large-size hypereutectic high-Si aluminum alloy, which is characterized in that the cross section area of the blank material of alloy is from 600 to 150000mm<2>; the Si content in the alloy is from 13.5 to 30 wt%; the alloy has a uniform and thin micro structure, Si particles are dispersed and distributed, and the average size of the Si particles is less than five micrometers. Under the condition that no modifier is added, a semi-continuous casting method is adopted to prepare ingots, the Si particles are scattered by the subsequent heat treatment, and the size of the Si particles can be regulated and controlled by a heat treatment technique. The method of the present invention can obtain large-size hypereutectic high-Si aluminum alloy with low cost, and the aluminum alloy has the advantages of favorable fine microstructure and favorable properties.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to the technology of preparing of aluminium alloy, a kind of large-sized hypereutectic high-seleium aluminium alloy billet and preparation method thereof is provided especially.
Background technology:
The transcocrystallized Al-Si alloy of aluminum silicon alloy, especially Si＞12.7% weight because its high strength, high-wear resistance, high corrosion resistance and low thermal expansivity, and is widely used in automotive industry and space flight, aircraft industry.Yet for hypereutectic alloy, the general preparation method of solidifying is difficult to eliminate thick bulk and separates out Si particle and lath-shaped eutectic structure earlier, thereby causes alloy strength very poor, and fragility is very big, has limited the application of alloy.People and then the method for seeking rapid solidification, but small-sized (＜10mm) block will prepare large-sized parts, needs further operation because rapid solidification can only obtain.A typical example is that its production cost and complex process degree are very high by the powder metallurgy method preparation.Traditionally, because the silumin deformability is poor, and be divided in the row of cast aluminium alloy.
In the production of commercial-purity aluminium and wrought aluminium alloy, semi-continuous casting method (Direct Chill is called for short the DC casting) is widely used always, though how to reduce the alloying constituent segregation, reduces crystal grain, improves surface quality and is paid close attention to by people always.But, utilize semi-continuous casting method prepare large size do not contain other adjusting material (as P, Na, Sr) aluminum silicon alloy of composition was but never attempted.Its reason may derive from two aspects.One, aluminum silicon alloy is a casting alloy, does not use as wrought aluminium alloy traditionally, and they are two years old, carry weight assert can not preparation size greater than the transcocrystallized Al-Si alloy of 10mm with fine microstructures, thereby make people not have courage to inquire into and cross over its judgement.
Summary of the invention:
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation method of large-sized hypereutectic high-seleium aluminium alloy, this method can be obtained large size at low cost and have the hypereutectic high-seleium aluminium alloy billet of good fine microstructures, the distribution of Si particle dispersion and superperformance under the prerequisite of not adding any alterant.
The invention provides a kind of large-sized hypereutectic high-seleium aluminium alloy billet, the cross-sectional area that it is characterized in that described alloy billet is at 600～150000mm
2The content of Si is in 13.5～30% weight in the alloy; Have evenly tiny heterogeneous microstructure, the Si particle dispersion distributes and mean sizes＜5 μ m.
In the large-sized hypereutectic high-seleium aluminium alloy billet provided by the present invention, can also contain one or more of Fe, Cu, Mn, Mg, Ni, Cr, Zn, total content is lower than 10% weight.
The present invention provides the preparation method of above-mentioned large-sized hypereutectic high-seleium aluminium alloy billet especially, it is characterized in that: under the condition of not adding any alterant, adopt semi-continuous casting method to prepare ingot blank, carry out Si particle discretize by thermal treatment, the Si particle size can be regulated and control by thermal treatment process.
Among the preparation method of large-sized hypereutectic high-seleium aluminium alloy billet of the present invention,
(1) the semicontinuous casting technique parameter is:
Pouring temperature: above 100～300 ℃ of corresponding alloy liquid phase line;
Vertical distraction speed: 50～200 mm/min;
Solidify peripheral cooling water inflow: the 0.5～20g/mm.s of base.
Do not add any alterant.
(2) heat treatment process parameter is:
Rate of heating: 1～10 ℃/min;
Heating temperature: 350～550 ℃;
Soaking time: 20 minutes～3 hours.
Key of the present invention has been to overcome traditional technology prejudice, traditional semi-continuous casting method is used for the preparation of large size transcocrystallized Al-Si alloy, under the prerequisite of not adding any alterant, in conjunction with follow-up heat treatment process, obtained beyond thought technique effect, promptly obtained having the transcocrystallized Al-Si alloy of having eliminated large size primary silicon phase solidified structure basically that the small and dispersed silicon grain distributes.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is the signal of semicontinuous casting device structure;
Fig. 2 is typical casting Al-15Si alloy microtexture pattern;
Fig. 3 is embodiment 1 a semicontinuous casting Al-15Si alloy pseudoeutectic tissue topography; Fig. 4 erodes back Si phase pattern for embodiment 1 semicontinuous casting Al-15Si alloy eutectic structure aluminum substrate; Fig. 5 is that 450 ℃ of 0.5h heat preservation hot of embodiment 1 semicontinuous casting Al-15Si alloy are handled back Si granule-morphology;
Fig. 6 is that 450 ℃ of 1 hour heat preservation hot of embodiment 1 semicontinuous casting Al-15Si alloy are handled back Si granule-morphology;
Fig. 7 is that 450 ℃ of 2 hours heat preservation hot of embodiment 1 semicontinuous casting Al-15Si alloy are handled back Si granule-morphology;
Fig. 8 is that 500 ℃ of 0.5 hour heat preservation hot of embodiment 1 semicontinuous casting Al-15Si alloy are handled back Si granule-morphology;
Fig. 9 is that 500 ℃ of 1 hour heat preservation hot of embodiment 1 semicontinuous casting Al-15Si alloy are handled back Si granule-morphology;
Figure 10 is that 500 ℃ of 2 hours heat preservation hot of embodiment 1 semicontinuous casting Al-15Si alloy are handled back Si granule-morphology;
Figure 11 is that 550 ℃ of 0.5 hour heat preservation hot of embodiment 1 semicontinuous casting Al-15Si alloy are handled back Si granule-morphology;
Figure 12 is that 550 ℃ of 1 hour heat preservation hot of embodiment 1 semicontinuous casting Al-15Si alloy are handled back Si granule-morphology;
Figure 13 is that 550 ℃ of 2 hours heat preservation hot of embodiment 1 semicontinuous casting Al-15Si alloy are handled back Si granule-morphology;
Figure 14 is that 550 ℃ of 1 hour heat preservation hot of embodiment 1 semicontinuous casting Al-15Si alloy are handled, and aluminum substrate erodes back Si particulate pattern SEM;
Figure 15 is embodiment 2 semicontinuous casting Al-20Si alloy microtexture patterns;
Figure 16 is that 500 ℃ of 2 hours heat preservation hot of embodiment 2 semicontinuous casting Al-20Si alloys are handled back Si particulate pattern.
Embodiment:
Selecting equipment for use is home-built equipment, and structural principle is shown in Fig. 1,1 water coolant, 2 crystallizers, 3 blanks, 4 heat tops, 5 graphite annuluss among the figure.The casting ingot that obtains is of a size of diameter 103mm, the round base of long 550mm.
Processing parameter is:
Alloying constituent: Si 15.0% weight, Fe 0.29%z weight, Cu 0.02% weight, Al surplus;
Pouring temperature: 720 ℃;
Vertical distraction speed: 85mm/min;
Solidify peripheral cooling water inflow: the 10g/mm.s of base.
Metallographic the results are shown in Figure 2,3, and aluminum substrate corrosion back metallographic be the results are shown in Figure 4, and visible Si particle is the pattern of growing up continuously at three-dimensional.
Heat treatment process parameter is:
Rate of heating: 5 ℃/min;
Heating temperature: 450 ℃, 500 ℃, 550 ℃;
Soaking time: 0.5,1,2 hour;
Metallographic the results are shown in Figure 5～13, and metallographic after the aluminum substrate corrosion of one of them be the results are shown in Figure 14, the visible complete disperse uniform distribution of Si particle.
Selecting equipment for use is home-built equipment, and structural principle is shown in Fig. 1.The casting ingot that obtains is of a size of diameter 110mm, the round base of long 550mm.
Processing parameter is:
Alloying constituent: Si 20% weight, Fe 0.39% weight, Cu 0.017% weight, Al surplus;
Pouring temperature: 820 ℃;
Vertical distraction speed: 75mm/min;
Solidify peripheral cooling water inflow: the 7g/mm.s of base.
Metallographic the results are shown in Figure 15.
Heat treatment process parameter is:
Rate of heating: 5 ℃/min;
Heating temperature: 550 ℃;
Soaking time: 30 minutes;
Metallographic the results are shown in Figure 16.
Selecting equipment for use is home-built equipment, and structural principle is shown in Fig. 1.The casting ingot that obtains is of a size of diameter 80mm, the round base of long 5450mm.
Processing parameter is:
Alloying constituent: Si 30% weight, Fe 0.23% weight, Cu 0.015% weight, Al surplus;
Pouring temperature: 1000 ℃;
Vertical distraction speed: 120mm/min;
Solidify peripheral cooling water inflow: the 15g/mm.s of base.
Heat treatment process parameter is:
Rate of heating: 5 ℃/min;
Heating temperature: 550 ℃;
Soaking time: 30 minutes;
Embodiment 4
Selecting equipment for use is home-built equipment, and structural principle is shown in Fig. 1.The casting ingot that obtains is of a size of diameter 103mm, the round base of long 550mm.
Processing parameter is:
Alloying constituent: Si 14.02% weight, Cu 4.5% weight, Ni 1.0% weight, Mg0.6% weight, Al surplus;
Pouring temperature: 850 ℃;
Vertical distraction speed: 160mm/min;
Solidify peripheral cooling water inflow: the 10g/mm.s of base.
Selecting equipment for use is home-built equipment, and structural principle is shown in Fig. 1.The casting ingot that obtains is of a size of diameter 103mm, the round base of long 550mm.
Processing parameter is:
Alloying constituent: Si 15% weight, Fe 2.0% weight, Ni 0,8% weight, Cu 0.4% weight, Mg 0.65% weight, Cr0.54% weight, Al surplus;
Pouring temperature: 750 ℃;
Vertical distraction speed: 1800mm/min;
Solidify peripheral cooling water inflow: the 10g/mm.s of base.
Embodiment 6
Selecting equipment for use is home-built equipment, and structural principle is shown in Fig. 1.The casting ingot that obtains is of a size of diameter 103mm, the round base of long 550mm.
Processing parameter is:
Alloying constituent: Si 15.43% weight, Fe 0.49% weight, Cu 1.5% weight, Al surplus;
Pouring temperature: 750 ℃;
Vertical distraction speed: 150mm/min;
Solidify peripheral cooling water inflow: the 10g/mm.s of base.
Claims (4)
1. large-sized hypereutectic high-seleium aluminium alloy billet, the cross-sectional area that it is characterized in that described alloy billet is at 600～150000mm
2The content of Si is in 13.5～30% weight in the alloy; Heterogeneous microstructure with even refinement, the Si particle dispersion distributes and mean sizes＜5 μ m.
2. according to the described large-sized hypereutectic high-seleium aluminium alloy billet of claim 1, it is characterized in that containing in the described alloy one or more of Fe, Cu, Mn, Mg, Ni, Cr, Zn, total content is lower than 10% weight.
3. the preparation method of the described large-sized hypereutectic high-seleium aluminium alloy billet of claim 1, it is characterized in that: under the condition of not adding any alterant, adopt semi-continuous casting method to prepare ingot blank, Si particle discretize is carried out in thermal treatment then, and the Si particle size is regulated and control by thermal treatment process.
4. according to the preparation method of the described large-sized hypereutectic high-seleium aluminium alloy billet of claim 3, it is characterized in that:
(1) the semicontinuous casting technique parameter is:
Pouring temperature: above 100～300 ℃ of corresponding alloy liquid phase line;
Vertical distraction speed: 50～200mm/min;
Solidify peripheral cooling water inflow: the 0.5～20g/mm.s of base;
(2) heat treatment process parameter is:
Rate of heating: 1～10 ℃/min;
Heating temperature: 350～550 ℃;
Soaking time: 20 minutes～3 hours.
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| CNB2005101195506A CN100392129C (en) | 2004-11-18 | 2005-11-18 | Large-sized hypereutectic high-seleium aluminium alloy billet and preparation method thereof |
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| JP2010531388A (en) * | 2007-06-29 | 2010-09-24 | 東北大学 | Structural material of Al alloy containing Mg and high Si and method for producing the same |
| CN102764957B (en) * | 2012-07-12 | 2014-11-05 | 东北大学 | Method for manufacturing hypereutectic aluminum-silicon alloy engine cylinder sleeve |
| CN106282678A (en) * | 2015-05-28 | 2017-01-04 | 宁波市鄞州科邦机械配件有限公司 | A kind of compressor piston formula and production technology thereof |
| CN107881378B (en) * | 2016-09-29 | 2020-10-23 | 南京中兴软件有限责任公司 | Aluminum alloy composition, aluminum alloy element, communication product and preparation method of aluminum alloy element |
| JP2020503433A (en) * | 2016-12-21 | 2020-01-30 | アーコニック インコーポレイテッドＡｒｃｏｎｉｃ Ｉｎｃ． | Aluminum alloy product having fine eutectic structure and method for producing the same |
| CN107774990B (en) * | 2017-10-27 | 2019-11-08 | 天津百恩威新材料科技有限公司 | Silicon carbide-hyper eutectic silicon Al alloy composite powder, preparation method and product |
Citations (6)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| NL9202097A (en) * | 1992-12-03 | 1994-07-01 | Hoogovens Groep Bv | Billet of a hypereutectic AlSi alloy |
| JPH07224340A (en) * | 1994-02-14 | 1995-08-22 | Nippon Light Metal Co Ltd | Hypereutectic al-si alloy excellent in machinability and its production |
| CN1120598A (en) * | 1994-10-12 | 1996-04-17 | 东北轻合金加工厂 | Modification method of High silicon-aluminum alloy |
| CN1129743A (en) * | 1994-10-28 | 1996-08-28 | 奔驰公司 | Cylinder liner comprising a supereutectic aluminium/silicon alloy for sealing into a crankcase of a reciprocating piston engine and method of producing such a cylinder liner |
| JPH09279319A (en) * | 1996-12-20 | 1997-10-28 | Nippon Light Metal Co Ltd | Production of aluminum alloy for compressor parts, excellent in machinability, wear resistance and toughness |
| CN1450185A (en) * | 2003-05-07 | 2003-10-22 | 东华大学 | Hypereutectoid alpax with eutectic structure and technological method thereof |
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- 2005-11-18 CN CNB2005101195506A patent/CN100392129C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NL9202097A (en) * | 1992-12-03 | 1994-07-01 | Hoogovens Groep Bv | Billet of a hypereutectic AlSi alloy |
| JPH07224340A (en) * | 1994-02-14 | 1995-08-22 | Nippon Light Metal Co Ltd | Hypereutectic al-si alloy excellent in machinability and its production |
| CN1120598A (en) * | 1994-10-12 | 1996-04-17 | 东北轻合金加工厂 | Modification method of High silicon-aluminum alloy |
| CN1129743A (en) * | 1994-10-28 | 1996-08-28 | 奔驰公司 | Cylinder liner comprising a supereutectic aluminium/silicon alloy for sealing into a crankcase of a reciprocating piston engine and method of producing such a cylinder liner |
| JPH09279319A (en) * | 1996-12-20 | 1997-10-28 | Nippon Light Metal Co Ltd | Production of aluminum alloy for compressor parts, excellent in machinability, wear resistance and toughness |
| CN1450185A (en) * | 2003-05-07 | 2003-10-22 | 东华大学 | Hypereutectoid alpax with eutectic structure and technological method thereof |
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