CN100391356C - Method for preparing feedstuff by biological modification of brewery mash - Google Patents
Method for preparing feedstuff by biological modification of brewery mash Download PDFInfo
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- CN100391356C CN100391356C CNB200510019848XA CN200510019848A CN100391356C CN 100391356 C CN100391356 C CN 100391356C CN B200510019848X A CNB200510019848X A CN B200510019848XA CN 200510019848 A CN200510019848 A CN 200510019848A CN 100391356 C CN100391356 C CN 100391356C
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a method for producing feed by biological modification of brewer's grains, which comprises the following procedures that 1) material preparation, taking the brewer's grains as raw materials, and taking cake dregs as auxiliary materials; (2) the mixture and the inoculation of the raw materials and the auxiliary materials: a. adding the cake dregs of the auxiliary materials according to the dry weight proportion of the raw materials; b. adding Bacillus subtilis and yeast according to the dry weight proportion of the raw materials; c. adding high-activity xylanase, high-activity beta-dextranase; d. pre-mixing the cake dregs, fermentative bacterial strains and enzymes, evenly mixing with the brewer's grains, and then, regulating the moisture contents of mixtures; 3) fermenting; 4) drying materials which are fermented, and processing the dried materials into products. The nutrition value of the brewer's grains is obviously improved, and particularly, protein contents are increased; the present invention has the advantages of reasonable amino acid composition, low coarse fibre contents and low contents of pentosan and glucan. The present invention basically eliminates anti-nutrition factors in the brewer's grains, improves the moisture contents of the materials when the materials are fermented and the functions of ventilation and heat dissipation, and guarantees that the fermentation can be smoothly carried out.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the method for preparing feedstuff by biological modification of brewery mash
Background technology
Brewex's grains are accessory substances of the maximum of Beer Brewage.The whereabouts of brewex's grains mainly is to be used for the feed aquaculture at present, but only is simply recycling.From whole beer industry, most of brewex's grains are directly bright feeding, and fraction is to re-use after the drying.The poor water content of young beer is big, putrid and deteriorated easily, also inconvenience transportation preservation, and its physical state, unsettled composition have also limited the application in industry feed.The aquatic foods of brewex's grains are fed and not only to have been limited the making full use of of its active ingredient, and also must have the pollution of brewex's grains to environment, and beer producers is also very limited from the economic benefit that brewex's grains obtain.We can say that bright feeding is to the original extensive use of brewex's grains, in some sense, is a kind of waste to resource.Dried brewex's grains are convenient to transportation, storage, and composition is more stable, can be used in the prescription production of industry feed, can also reduce pollution.The enterprise that has carried out drying of beer lees can also therefrom obtain stable economic well-being of workers and staff.This is the progress that brewex's grains utilize mode, but also is a kind of simply recycling, is a kind of development and use of few of substantially value-added feed states.Analyze from nutrition, brewex's grains are not desirable forage protein sources, have SNSP content height, and amino acid is formed defectives such as imbalance.Also having a kind of technology is to extract as active principles such as protein from brewex's grains, but efficient is lower, and still there are the comprehensive utilization difficulty in cost height, remaining material, the adverse environment of abandoning again protection.With brewex's grains by modification as effective source of nutrition such as feed protein, no matter be to comprehensive utilization of resources, still effectively preventing the pollution of the environment all has great importance.
Summary of the invention
1), brewex's grains are carried out biotechnology handle this purpose is:, break through the deficiency in the nutrition of brewex's grains self, obviously improve its nutritive value, protein content is increased, amino acid is formed and is tending towards rationally, and coarse-fibred content descends, and pentosan, beta-dextran content reduce.
2), make the trophic structure of brewex's grains change, palatability and utilization rate are improved, economic worth increases.3), mainly to be the enzyme that produces by microbial fermentation carry out modification to the composition of brewex's grains for the bio-modification of brewex's grains, the heat that produces in the sweat can also be taken away portion of water, is convenient to dry the processing.
In addition, when pressing preferred scheme implementation, the present invention can also fully utilize waste water waste material in the brewex's grains production, and the waste water waste material that reduces generation in the squeezing of Beer Brewage and brewex's grains to greatest extent obtains comprehensive economic benefit and social benefit to the pollution that environment produces.
For realizing that the technical scheme that the object of the invention adopted is: the method for described a kind of preparing feedstuff by biological modification of brewery mash, it comprises the steps:
1), get the raw materials ready: be raw material with brewex's grains, grouts are auxiliary material; Preferred auxiliary material is cotton dregs, also is chosen as the dish dregs of rice, dregs of beans or its combination
2), former, auxiliary material mixes with inoculation: a, by the 10-40% of raw material dry weight, is preferably 15-35% and adds the auxiliary material grouts; B, by the 0.1-2% of raw material dry weight, be preferably 1-1..5% and add bacillus subtilis and yeast, adding bacillus subtilis and yeast mass ratio is 8-6: 2, be preferably 6-4: 2; C, add high activity zytase 100-150 unit by the every gram brewex's grains of siccative raw material, high activity β-glucanase 150-2000 unit can also add cellulase 50-100 unit; D, grouts and fermentation strain and enzyme are carried out premix, and then mix with brewex's grains, adjusting mixture moisture content can be to add water or/and add dried raw material or/and add auxiliary material, and mixture moisture content is controlled at 40-60%;
3), fermentation: compound is fermented fermentation temperature 20-48 ℃, be preferably 30-45 ℃; Fermentation period 40-72 hour, be preferably 55-65 hour;
4), dry, processing: the capable water content that is dried to of the material well after will fermenting is processed into product then less than 15%.
Above-mentioned raw material is that brewex's grains water content after dewatering is 50-70%, is preferably the moisture brewex's grains of 55-65%.
Above-mentioned raw material be young beer poor through dewatering after water content be the moisture brewex's grains of 50-68, it can be the brewex's grains that saccharification takes the dish out of the pot that young beer is pickled with grains or in wine, and promptly carries out processed after taking the dish out of the pot.
The every gram viable count of above-mentioned bacillus subtilis is greater than 10,000,000,000, and the yeast viable count is greater than 2,000,000,000.
Above-mentioned processing is to be processed into powdery, and it is that material is after drying pulverized, after sieving less than 20 purposes.
Principle of the present invention and technique effect: by comparing with prior art research direction, technical scheme and effect, inventive point of the present invention is very outstanding, has the obvious improvement meaning:
1, the initial feed nutrition component of the inventive method and the comparison of akin dregs of beans: brewex's grains contain protein 24%-28%, compare with feed protein raw material (dregs of beans, the cotton dish dregs of rice etc. contain protein 38%-45%) commonly used, protein is on the low side, close research all is around addressing this problem, attempting increases the nutrition and the added value of brewex's grains by biofermentation with the protein content that improves brewex's grains, but all considers to improve the amino acid composition of brewers grain protein matter.
The comparison of table 1 brewex's grains and dregs of beans protein and several main amino acid contents
| Crude protein | Crude fibre | Rely amino | Egg amino | Bright amino | Arginine | |
| Brewex's grains | 26 | 16 | 0.9 (3.6 ％) | 0.57 | 1.08 (4.1 ％) | 1.52 |
| Dregs of beans | 43 | 7 | 2.9 (6.7 ％) | 0.65 | 2.95 (6.9 ％) | 2.65 |
As can be seen from the above table, lysine, leucine etc. must be compared with dregs of beans by amino acid in the brewex's grains, contain quantity not sufficient, the ratio imbalance, and the ratio that accounts for gross protein is respectively 3.6% and 4.1%, is significantly less than 6.7% in the dregs of beans and 6.9%.The present invention has used and has formed with brewex's grains amino acid that certain complementation and cheap cotton dregs grouts are arranged is the fermentation auxiliary material, can improve the amino acid of product largely and form.It is one of main inventive point of the present invention.
2, the auxotrophy of brewex's grains self shows following several aspect: 1) brewex's grains contain very high beta glucan (35.3%) and pentosan (24.5%), they structurally generally have than multiple-limb, in water, show the bigger coefficient of expansion and higher viscosity, can not decompose utilization because simple stomach is moving, when they enter stomach with feed, in chyme, produce high viscosity, hindering digestive ferment combines with the effective of feed ingredient, also slow down the mobile and absorption of nutriment, produce significant anti-oxidant action to the intestines wall.Therefore, in actual production, when the addition of brewex's grains reached certain ratio, the production speed of growth of animal obviously descended, or even negative growth.2) brewex's grains contain higher crude fibre (16-17%), the ratio of crude fibre crude protein is 1: 1.6, higher 4 times than 1: 6.5 of dregs of beans, the same obstruction of high fiber content digesting and assimilating to nutrition, this also is that the average digestibility of amino acid of why brewex's grains only is 60-65%, is significantly less than the cause of the 80-85% of dregs of beans.
The chemical composition of table 2 brewex's grains
| Handle number | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
| Starch | 4.9 | 5.1 | 4. 8 | 4.9 |
| Crude fat | 4.1 | 4.1 | 4. 2 | 4.1 |
| Crude protein | 27.6 | 28.0 | 2 7.5 | 27.7 |
| Ash content | 2.2 | 2.1 | 2. 4 | 2.2 |
| Total dietary fiber | 58.7 | 59.2 | 5 8.0 | 58.6 |
| Soluble dietary fiber | 23.0 | 23.8 | 2 4.4 | 23.7 |
| The insolubility dietary fiber | 35.3 | 34.9 | 3 5.5 | 35.2 |
| Beta glucan | 30.6 | 29.9 | 3 0.7 | 30.4 |
| Total pentosan | 24.5 | 24.1 | 2 4.9 | 24.5 |
| The solubility pentosan | 13.6 | 13.3 | 1 3.5 | 13.5 |
The beta glucan of high-load, pentosan and crude fibre all are the injurious factors that influences nutrient absorption in the brewex's grains.Other research does not all have to consider how to eliminate these ANFs when carrying out biofermentation.Technology of the present invention has added 1,4 beta-glucanase, pentosanase and cellulase targetedly when fermentation, can eliminate the ANFs in the brewex's grains substantially.This is another inventive point of the present invention.
3, the poor water content of young beer is about 80%, and after the dewaterer dehydration, still about 60%, the material of this water content ferments water content, because the ventilation radiating effect is poor, is easy to cause the fermentation failure.It is auxiliary material that the present invention has added the part grouts, except with the amino acid complementation of brewex's grains, outside the amino acid that improves product was formed, another effect was the water content and the ventilation heat sinking function of material in the time of can improving fermentation, ensures carrying out smoothly of fermentation.This is the 3rd inventive point of the present invention.
4, on fermentation strain was selected, the present invention was auxilliary based on bacterium, yeast, used fungi to have bigger difference with prior art.This is the 4th inventive point of the present invention.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a process route chart of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
The invention will be further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments, but the present invention is not limited by these embodiment.
The method of embodiment 1, preparing feedstuff by biological modification of brewery mash the steps include:
1), get the raw materials ready: preparing raw material is that 400 kilograms of water content are 60% new explanation brewex's grains (dry beer vinasse is 160 kilograms), is 50%, is 320 kilograms moisture brewex's grains that through the dehydration water content auxiliary material is cotton dregs;
2), former, auxiliary material mix with inoculation: a, press the raw material dry weight 30%, i.e. 48 kilograms of adding auxiliary material cotton dregs; B, the 1..5% that presses the raw material dry weight add bacillus subtilis and yeast, and adding bacillus subtilis and yeast mass ratio is 7: 2; C, add high activity zytase 130 units, high activity β-glucanase 1500 units, cellulase 80 units by the every gram brewex's grains of siccative raw material; D, cotton dregs and fermentation strain and enzyme are carried out premix, and then mix with brewex's grains, adjusting mixture moisture content is to add water, and mixture moisture content is controlled at 50%;
3), fermentation: 45 ℃ of fermentation temperatures; Fermentation period 60 hours;
4), dry, processing: be dried to material moisture 10%, being processed as powdery at last is that material is after drying pulverized, and forms after 25 purposes sieve.
The method of embodiment 2, preparing feedstuff by biological modification of brewery mash the steps include:
1), get the raw materials ready: raw material is 200 kilograms of dry beer vinasses, and auxiliary material is the dish dregs of rice;
2), former, auxiliary material mix with inoculation: a, press the raw material dry weight 10%, i.e. 20 kilograms of adding auxiliary material dish dregs of rice; B, press 0.1% of raw material dry weight and add bacillus subtilis and yeast, adding bacillus subtilis and yeast mass ratio is 8: 2; C, add high activity zytase 100 units, high activity β-glucanase 150 units, cellulase 50 units by the every gram brewex's grains of siccative raw material; D, the dish dregs of rice and fermentation strain and enzyme are carried out premix, and then mix with brewex's grains, adjusting mixture moisture content is a small amount of waste water of discharging in the Beer Brewage, mainly is the water of deviating from moisture brewex's grains, and mixture moisture content is controlled at 40%;
3), fermentation: 20 ℃ of fermentation temperatures; Fermentation period 72 hours;
4), dry, processing: being dried to material moisture is 5%, and being processed as powdery at last is that material is after drying pulverized, and forms after 20 purposes sieve.
The method of embodiment 3, preparing feedstuff by biological modification of brewery mash the steps include:
1), get the raw materials ready: raw material is that 1500 kilograms of water content are 80% brewex's grains (dry beer vinasse is 300 kilograms), dewaters to water content to be 70%, to be 1000 kilograms moisture brewex's grains that auxiliary material is cotton dregs and dregs of beans;
2), former, auxiliary material mix with inoculation: a, by the raw material dry weight 40%, be that 120 kg adds auxiliary material cotton dregs and dregs of beans; B, press 2% of raw material dry weight and add bacillus subtilis and yeast, adding bacillus subtilis and yeast mass ratio is 6: 2; C, add high activity zytase 150 units, high activity β-glucanase 2000 units, cellulase 100 units by the every gram brewex's grains of siccative raw material; D, cotton dregs and dregs of beans and fermentation strain and enzyme are carried out premix, and then mix with brewex's grains, adjust mixture moisture content and be and add dry beer vinasse or/and water, mixture moisture content is controlled at 60%;
3), fermentation: 48 ℃ of fermentation temperatures; Fermentation period 40 hours;
4), dry, processing: be dried to material moisture 15%, be processed as graininess at last.
Different with the foregoing description also have following embodiment:
1, raw material be young beer poor through dewatering after water content be the moisture brewex's grains of 50-68, it is the brewex's grains that saccharification takes the dish out of the pot that young beer is pickled with grains or in wine, and promptly carries out processed after taking the dish out of the pot.
2, raw material is the moisture brewex's grains of 55-65% for dehydration back water content; When former, auxiliary material mixes, wherein be that the 15-35% by the raw material dry weight adds the auxiliary material cotton dregs and the dish dregs of rice.
3, press the 1-1..5% adding bacillus subtilis and the yeast of raw material dry weight, adding bacillus subtilis and yeast mass ratio is 6-4: 2; The every gram viable count of bacillus subtilis is greater than 10,000,000,000, and the yeast viable count is greater than 2,000,000,000.
4, fermentation temperature 30-45 ℃, fermentation period 55-65 hour.
Claims (9)
1. the method for a preparing feedstuff by biological modification of brewery mash is characterized in that, it comprises the steps:
1), get the raw materials ready: be raw material with brewex's grains, grouts are auxiliary material;
2), former, auxiliary material mixes with inoculation: a, presses the 10-40% adding auxiliary material grouts of raw material dry weight; B, the 0.1-2% that presses the raw material dry weight add bacillus subtilis and yeast, and adding bacillus subtilis and yeast mass ratio is 8-6: 2; C, add zytase 100-150 unit, β-glucanase 150-2000 unit by the every gram brewex's grains of siccative raw material; D, grouts and fermentation strain and enzyme are carried out premix, and then mix with brewex's grains, adjusting mixture moisture content is to add water or/and add dried raw material or/and add auxiliary material, and mixture moisture content is controlled at 40-60%;
3), fermentation: compound is fermented fermentation temperature 20-48 ℃; Fermentation period 40-72 hour;
4), dry, processing: the material after will fermenting is dried to water content less than 15%, is processed into product then.
2. the method for preparing feedstuff by biological modification of brewery mash according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described raw material is that brewex's grains water content after dewatering is the moisture brewex's grains of 50-70%; Described auxiliary material grouts are selected from cotton dregs, the dish dregs of rice, dregs of beans or its combination.
3. require the method for 1 described preparing feedstuff by biological modification of brewery mash according to power, it is characterized in that, described raw material be young beer poor through dewatering after water content be the moisture brewex's grains of 50-68%, it is the brewex's grains that saccharification takes the dish out of the pot that young beer is pickled with grains or in wine, and promptly carries out processed after taking the dish out of the pot.
4. the method for preparing feedstuff by biological modification of brewery mash according to claim 1 is characterized in that, raw material is the moisture brewex's grains of 55-65% for dehydration back water content; When former, auxiliary material mixes, wherein be that the 15-35% by the raw material dry weight adds the auxiliary material grouts.
5. the method for preparing feedstuff by biological modification of brewery mash according to claim 1 is characterized in that, fermentation temperature 30-45 ℃, and fermentation period 55-65 hour.
6. the method for preparing feedstuff by biological modification of brewery mash according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, the steps include:
1), get the raw materials ready: raw material is the new explanation brewex's grains through the dehydration water content is 50% moisture brewex's grains, and auxiliary material is cotton dregs;
2), former, auxiliary material mixes with inoculation: a, presses 30% adding auxiliary material cotton dregs of raw material dry weight; B, press 1.5% of raw material dry weight and add bacillus subtilis and yeast, adding bacillus subtilis and yeast mass ratio is 7: 2; C, add zytase 130 units, β-glucanase 1500 units, cellulase 80 units by the every gram brewex's grains of siccative raw material; D, cotton dregs and fermentation strain and enzyme are carried out premix, and then mix with brewex's grains, adjust mixture moisture content and be and add cotton dregs or/and water, mixture moisture content is controlled at 50%;
3), fermentation: 45 ℃ of fermentation temperatures; Fermentation period 60 hours;
4), dry, processing: be dried to material moisture 10%, be processed as powdery at last.
7. the method for preparing feedstuff by biological modification of brewery mash according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the steps include:
1), get the raw materials ready: raw material is a dry beer vinasse, and auxiliary material is the dish dregs of rice;
2), former, auxiliary material mixes with inoculation: a, presses the 10% adding auxiliary material dish dregs of rice of raw material dry weight; B, press 0.1% of raw material dry weight and add bacillus subtilis and yeast, adding bacillus subtilis and yeast mass ratio is 8: 2; C, add zytase 100 units, β-glucanase 150 units, cellulase 50 units by the every gram brewex's grains of siccative raw material; D, the dish dregs of rice and fermentation strain and enzyme are carried out premix, and then mix with brewex's grains, adjust mixture moisture content and be the waste water of discharging in the Beer Brewage or/and moisture brewex's grains deviate from water, mixture moisture content is controlled at 40%;
3), fermentation: 20 ℃ of fermentation temperatures; Fermentation period 72 hours;
4), dry, processing: be dried to material moisture and be 5% and be processed as powdery at last.
8. the method for preparing feedstuff by biological modification of brewery mash according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the steps include:
1), get the raw materials ready: raw material is for dewatering brewex's grains to 70% moisture brewex's grains, and auxiliary material is cotton dregs and dregs of beans;
2), former, auxiliary material mixes with inoculation: a, presses 40% adding auxiliary material cotton dregs and dregs of beans of raw material dry weight; B, press 2% of raw material dry weight and add bacillus subtilis and yeast, adding bacillus subtilis and yeast mass ratio is 6: 2; C, add zytase 150 units, β-glucanase 2000 units, cellulase 100 units by the every gram brewex's grains of siccative raw material; D, cotton dregs and dregs of beans and fermentation strain and enzyme are carried out premix, and then mix with brewex's grains, adjust mixture moisture content and be and add dry beer vinasse or/and water, mixture moisture content is controlled at %;
3), fermentation: 48 ℃ of fermentation temperatures; Fermentation period 40 hours;
4), dry, processing: be dried to material moisture 15%, be processed as graininess at last.
9. the method for preparing feedstuff by biological modification of brewery mash according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described processing is to be processed into powdery, and it is that material is after drying pulverized, and sieves less than 20 purposes after the hole.
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