CN100380674C - 有机场致发光电路 - Google Patents

有机场致发光电路 Download PDF

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CN100380674C
CN100380674C CNB021045135A CN02104513A CN100380674C CN 100380674 C CN100380674 C CN 100380674C CN B021045135 A CNB021045135 A CN B021045135A CN 02104513 A CN02104513 A CN 02104513A CN 100380674 C CN100380674 C CN 100380674C
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古宫直明
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Sanyo Electric Co Ltd
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    • G09G3/30—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels
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    • G09G3/3225—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED] using an active matrix
    • G09G3/3258—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED] using an active matrix with pixel circuitry controlling the voltage across the light-emitting element
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    • G09G2300/00—Aspects of the constitution of display devices
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    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
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    • G09G2300/00—Aspects of the constitution of display devices
    • G09G2300/08—Active matrix structure, i.e. with use of active elements, inclusive of non-linear two terminal elements, in the pixels together with light emitting or modulating elements
    • G09G2300/0809—Several active elements per pixel in active matrix panels
    • G09G2300/0828—Several active elements per pixel in active matrix panels forming a digital to analog [D/A] conversion circuit
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    • G09G2300/00—Aspects of the constitution of display devices
    • G09G2300/08—Active matrix structure, i.e. with use of active elements, inclusive of non-linear two terminal elements, in the pixels together with light emitting or modulating elements
    • G09G2300/0809—Several active elements per pixel in active matrix panels
    • G09G2300/0842—Several active elements per pixel in active matrix panels forming a memory circuit, e.g. a dynamic memory with one capacitor
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    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2300/00—Aspects of the constitution of display devices
    • G09G2300/08—Active matrix structure, i.e. with use of active elements, inclusive of non-linear two terminal elements, in the pixels together with light emitting or modulating elements
    • G09G2300/0809—Several active elements per pixel in active matrix panels
    • G09G2300/0842—Several active elements per pixel in active matrix panels forming a memory circuit, e.g. a dynamic memory with one capacitor
    • G09G2300/0852—Several active elements per pixel in active matrix panels forming a memory circuit, e.g. a dynamic memory with one capacitor being a dynamic memory with more than one capacitor
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    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/2007—Display of intermediate tones
    • G09G3/2018—Display of intermediate tones by time modulation using two or more time intervals
    • G09G3/2022—Display of intermediate tones by time modulation using two or more time intervals using sub-frames
    • G—PHYSICS
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    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
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    • G09G3/2007—Display of intermediate tones
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Abstract

本发明涉及减少显示波动的方法。通过扫描TFT1-1～1-3，把从数据线DATA1～3来的3比特数据储存在保持电容SC1～3上。而且，通过该保持电容SC1～3的电压，开关驱动TFTTFT2-1～2-3。由数字数据控制驱动TFT2-1～2-3的开关，控制有机EL元件EL1～3的开关，实现亮度控制。

Description

有机场致发光电路
技术领域
本发明涉及有机EL(场致发光)电路，该电路对1像素，具有通过从多条数据线来的数据开关的多只驱动晶体管和各自与该多只驱动晶体管对应设置的多只EL元件。
背景技术
历来，知悉作为平板显示的有机EL屏。由于该有机EL屏的各像素自发光，所以其优点是不要液晶那样地背射光等，可以实现明亮的显示。
图6示出利用传统的薄膜晶体管(TFT)的有机EL屏内的像素电路的构成例。有机EL屏是把这类像素矩阵配置而构成。
在行方向伸延的选通线上连接作为通过选通线选择的n沟道薄膜晶体管的扫描TFT1的栅极。在该扫描TFT1的漏极上连接在列方向伸延的数据线，在其源极上连接另一端连接在保持电容电源线上的保持电容SC。此外，扫描TFT1的源极和保持电容SC的连接点连接在作为P沟道薄膜晶体管的驱动TFT2的栅极上。而且，该驱动TFT2的源极连接在电源PVDD上，漏极连接在有机EL元件EL上。而有机EL元件EL的另一端连接在阴极电源CV上。
从而，选通线在H电平时扫描器TFT1导通，这时的数据线的数据保持在保持电容SC上。而且，根据维持在该保持电容SC的数据(电位)，驱动TFT2开关，在驱动TFT2导通时，在有机EL元件上流过电流、发光。
而且，选通线按照对应的数据提供给视频信号线的定时顺序导通。根据数据线提供的视频信号实现有机EL元件EL的亮度控制。即控制驱动TFT2的栅极电位，控制在有机EL元件内流过的电流，实现各像素的灰度级显示。
但是，在对各像素的驱动TFT2的阈值电压(Vth)上必然产生波动。而且存在问题，一旦阈值电压产生波动，则在各像素上的显示变得不均匀，产生显示不均匀。
发明内容
本发明的目的是鉴于上述问题，提供可以实现没有显示不均匀的、合适的灰度级控制的有机EL电路。
根据本发明的有机EL电路，其特征为，对1个像素，具有通过从多条数据线来的数据实现开关的多只驱动晶体管和各自与该多只驱动晶体管对应设置的多只有机EL元件，
前述各驱动晶体管的晶体管的栅极长和栅极宽至少之一各异，同时通过控制导通的前述驱动晶体管个数，使各像素导通的EL元件个数各异，控制各像素的发光量，实现灰度级显示。本发明的特征是对1像素，具有通过从多条数据线来的数据实现开关的多只驱动晶体管和各自与该多只驱动晶体管对应设置的多只有机EL元件，通过使各驱动晶体管的尺寸各异改变在各EL元件内流过的电流量，同时控制多只驱动晶体管导通的晶体管数，通过变更1像素的EL元件的导通数，控制各像素的发光量，实现灰度级显示。
这样，切换在1像素内设置的多只有机EL元件(子像素)的开关，同时通过使驱动晶体管尺寸各异，可以通过完全导通各驱动晶体管，实现灰度级控制。从而，可以排除驱动晶体管的阈值电压的影响，实现良好的灰度级控制。
此外，使1像素内的前述多只EL元件的发光面积相互不同是合适的。这样，通过变更EL元件的发光面积，可以使发光量各异，通过对其组合可以实现合适的灰度级控制。
此外，把各像素的驱动晶体管的驱动时间分为多个子域，通过控制各子域内的开关，控制各EL元件的导通时间是合适的。通过编入这样的时间分割发光，实现更多的灰度级控制。
附图说明
图1是示出实施形态的构成图。
图2是说明子域构成的图。
图3是示出其它实施形态构成的图。
图4是示出子域每次点亮状态一例的图。
图5是示出子域每次点亮状态另一例的图。
图6是示出传统的1像素构成的图。
具体实施方式
以下就本发明的实施形态，按照图面进行说明。
图1是示出一实施形态的1像素部分的构成图，在水平方向的选通线上连接3只n沟道的扫描TFT1-1，1-2，1-3的栅极。因此，3只扫描TFT1-1，1-2，1-3在选择其水平线时的1水平期间同时导通。
各扫描TFT1-1，1-2，1-3的漏极分别连接在各自另外的数据线DATA1，DATA2，DATA3上。一方面，各扫描TFT1-1，1-2，1-3的源极分别连接在各自另外的保持电容SC1，SC2，SC3上。而这些保持电容SC1，SC2，SC3的另一端连接在作为电源线的保持电容电源线VSC上。
而且，扫描TFT1-1，1-2，1-3的源极和保持电容SC1，SC2，SC3的连接点连接在各自的驱动TFT2-1，2-2，2-3的栅极上。该驱动TFT2-1，2-2，2-3是P沟道TFT，源极已经连接在电源线PVDD上，漏极分别连接在另外的有机EL元件EL1，EL2，EL 3的阳极上。该有机EL元件EL1，EL2，EL 3的阴极连接在阴极电源上。即1像素由构成3个子像素的EL元件EL1，EL2，EL3构成。
在这样的电路上，驱动TFT2-1，2-2，2-3的尺寸形成1∶2∶4。一方面，在数据线DATA1，DATA2，DATA3上供给各自亮度数据的第1，2，3比特的视觉信号。由此可以得到根据3比特的「000」-「111」(7)的8灰度级的数据的有机EL驱动电流。TFT2-1，2-2，2-3的尺寸通过栅极长或栅极宽的调整设定。
这样，通过变更驱动TFT2-1，2-2，2-3的尺寸，使它们完全导通，可以控制电流量。由于作为开关控制，其电流量大体是固定的，所以足以保证驱动TFT2-1，2-2，2-3的寿命。而且使亮度信号作为数字数据，由于也可以在数据线DATA1，2，3上分别供给，所以可以把数字处理得到的各像素的亮度数据原封不动地在数据线DATA1，2，3上供给，不要D/A变换器。由于是数字数据，所以在传输电路上数据极少变坏。
在彩色显示时，分别设置RGB的像素，通过RGB各自的视频信号，也可以驱动各像素。
在上述的例子中，控制构成发光量(驱动电流量)不同的子像素的有机EL元件EL1，2，3的发光，控制色度等级。接着控制各子像素的发光时间也是合适的。例如，如图2所示，把1域分为第1子域和第2子域，通过设定各域的长度为1∶2，使作为「0」或「1」的开关控制的各有机EL元件依其时间可以按照的「0」「1」「2」「3」4灰度等级产生。
例如设定第1子域的频率为7.5msec(120Hz)，第2子域的频率为15msec(60Hz)，则通过在各子域间设置预定的的熄灭时间，实现时间分割发光。
使各子像素的发光面积各异，由此控制各像素的发光量也是合适的。
在这里说明包含时间分割、电流控制以及子像素面积变更的发光控制例。为简单起见，如图3所示，令驱动TFT2为TFT2-1，2-2的2只。由此，扫描TFT1，保持电容SC，有机EL元件EL也各成为2只。
首先，TFT2-1，2-2的尺寸设定为1∶4。一方面令构成各子像素的有机EL元件EL1，2的发光面积比为1∶2。
而且，把第1子域的频率设定在第2子域频率的2倍。由此，如图4所示，对数字数据(Data Signal)的「0000」-「1111」的16灰度级(亮度电平Fray Scale Level 0-15)，可以通过与第1子域(1st SubField)及第2子域(2nd Sub Field)的第1像素(1Pixel)开关，与第1比特及第2比特对应，可以通过第1域及第2域上的第2像素(2Pixel)的开关，与第3比特及第4比特对应。
此外，如图5所示，在把第1子域的频率设定在第2子域频率的4倍时，对16灰度级，可以通过在第1域的第1像素及第2像素的开关，与第1比特及第2比特对应，可以通过在第2域上的第1像素及第2像素的开关，与第3比特及第4比特对应。
通过利用这样的时间分割发光，可以使灰度等级到2倍，通过配合上述电流量控制，可以实现更多灰度等级的显示。
在图5的场合，使构成子像素的有机EL元件EL1，EL2的面积相同，令子域的时间比为1∶4，晶体管(驱动TFT)尺寸比为1∶2。
把驱动TFT尺寸比换成例如1∶4，在1像素，即使令相同尺寸的驱动TFT为1个∶4个也可以。
把EL元件的发光面积换成例如1∶4，在1像素，即使令相同发光面积的EL元件为1个∶4个也可以。
扫描TFT及驱动TFT不限于各自的n沟道、p沟道。
如以上说明所示，根据本发明，通过切换在1像素内设定的多个有机EL元件的开关，可以减少对驱动晶体管特性的影响，实现合适的灰度等级控制。
使各驱动晶体管的尺寸各异，使EL元件的发光量各异，则可以通过对各驱动晶体管开关实现灰度级控制。因此，可以排除驱动晶体管阈值电压的影响。
通过编入时间分割发光，可以实现更多灰度级的控制。

Claims (3)

1.有机EL电路，其特征为，对1个像素，具有通过从多条数据线来的数据实现开关的多只驱动晶体管和各自与该多只驱动晶体管对应设置的多只有机EL元件，
前述各驱动晶体管的晶体管的栅极长度和栅极宽度至少之一各异，同时通过控制导通的前述驱动晶体管个数，使各像素导通的EL元件个数各异，控制各像素的发光量，实现灰度级显示。
2.根据权利要求1所述的有机EL电路，其特征为，1个像素内的前述多只EL元件的发光面积彼此不同。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的有机EL电路，其特征为，把各像素的驱动晶体管的驱动时间分为多个子域，通过控制在各子域的导通和关断来控制各EL元件的导通时间。
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