CN100380079C - 带有混合塔和氪-氙回收装置的空气分馏工艺及设备 - Google Patents

带有混合塔和氪-氙回收装置的空气分馏工艺及设备 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN100380079C
CN100380079C CNB031486320A CN03148632A CN100380079C CN 100380079 C CN100380079 C CN 100380079C CN B031486320 A CNB031486320 A CN B031486320A CN 03148632 A CN03148632 A CN 03148632A CN 100380079 C CN100380079 C CN 100380079C
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
krypton
oxygen
xenon
nitrogen
column
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
CNB031486320A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
CN1470836A (zh
Inventor
迪特里希·罗特曼
克里斯蒂安·孔茨
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Linde GmbH
Original Assignee
Linde GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Linde GmbH filed Critical Linde GmbH
Publication of CN1470836A publication Critical patent/CN1470836A/zh
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN100380079C publication Critical patent/CN100380079C/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04642—Recovering noble gases from air
    • F25J3/04745—Krypton and/or Xenon
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B13/00—Oxygen; Ozone; Oxides or hydroxides in general
    • C01B13/02—Preparation of oxygen
    • C01B13/0229—Purification or separation processes
    • C01B13/0248—Physical processing only
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
    • F25J3/04284—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams
    • F25J3/0429—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams of feed air, e.g. used as waste or product air or expanded into an auxiliary column
    • F25J3/04303—Lachmann expansion, i.e. expanded into oxygen producing or low pressure column
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/0446—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using the heat generated by mixing two different phases
    • F25J3/04466—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using the heat generated by mixing two different phases for producing oxygen as a mixing column overhead gas by mixing gaseous air feed and liquid oxygen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
    • F25J3/04866—Construction and layout of air fractionation equipments, e.g. valves, machines
    • F25J3/04872—Vertical layout of cold equipments within in the cold box, e.g. columns, heat exchangers etc.
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
    • F25J3/04866—Construction and layout of air fractionation equipments, e.g. valves, machines
    • F25J3/04969—Retrofitting or revamping of an existing air fractionation unit
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2210/00—Purification or separation of specific gases
    • C01B2210/0043—Impurity removed
    • C01B2210/0046—Nitrogen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2210/00—Purification or separation of specific gases
    • C01B2210/0043—Impurity removed
    • C01B2210/0078—Noble gases
    • C01B2210/0084—Krypton
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2210/00—Purification or separation of specific gases
    • C01B2210/0043—Impurity removed
    • C01B2210/0078—Noble gases
    • C01B2210/0085—Xenon
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2200/00—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification
    • F25J2200/04—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification in a dual pressure main column system
    • F25J2200/06—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification in a dual pressure main column system in a classical double column flow-sheet, i.e. with thermal coupling by a main reboiler-condenser in the bottom of low pressure respectively top of high pressure column
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2200/00—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification
    • F25J2200/34—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification using a side column fed by a stream from the low pressure column
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2200/00—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification
    • F25J2200/90—Details relating to column internals, e.g. structured packing, gas or liquid distribution
    • F25J2200/92—Details relating to the feed point
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2200/00—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification
    • F25J2200/90—Details relating to column internals, e.g. structured packing, gas or liquid distribution
    • F25J2200/94—Details relating to the withdrawal point
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2205/00—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means
    • F25J2205/30—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means using a washing, e.g. "scrubbing" or bubble column for purification purposes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2235/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure or for conveying of liquid process streams
    • F25J2235/50—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure or for conveying of liquid process streams the fluid being oxygen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2245/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for recycling of process streams
    • F25J2245/50—Processes or apparatus involving steps for recycling of process streams the recycled stream being oxygen

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)

Abstract

本发明所涉及的工艺和设备用于氮-氧分离用分馏塔系统(5，6)中的空气低温分馏。第一加压空气流(4)被导入到氮-氧分离用分馏塔系统。来自氮-氧分离用分馏塔系统的富氧馏分(22)以液态形式被加压(23)并被加入(25)到混合塔(26)中。热交换介质流，特别是第二加压空气流(43，343)，被导入混合塔(26)的下方区域并与富氧馏分(22，25)逆流接触。气态项部产品(260)在混合塔(26)的上方区域获得。来自混合塔(26)下方或中部区域的液体(38，39，40，41)被导入氮-氧分离用分馏塔系统。来自氮-氧分离用分馏塔系统的含氪和氙的氧气流被导入氪-氙浓缩塔(36)。富氪和氙的馏分(51)在氪-氙浓缩塔(36)中获得。混合塔(26)中的气态顶部产品(260)被导入辅助塔(27)，并在其上方区域获得除去氪和氙的顶部馏分(28)。

Description

带有混合塔和氪-氙回收装置的空气分馏工艺及设备
技术领域
本发明涉及一种氮-氧分离用分馏塔系统中的工艺，用于空气的低温分馏，在该工艺中，
·第一加压空气流被导入氮-氧分离用分馏塔系统，
·来自氮-氧分离用分馏塔系统的富氧馏分以液态形式被增压并被加入到混合塔中，
·一热交换介质流，特别是第二加压空气流，被导入到混合塔的下方区域，并与富氧馏分逆流接触，
·气态顶部产品在混合塔的上方区域获得，并且其中，
·来自混合塔的下方或中部区域的液体被导入氮-氧分离用分馏塔系统。
背景技术
本发明所述的氮-氧分离用分馏塔系统可以被设计成一个双塔系统，例如一个传统的双塔系统，但也可设计为一个单塔系统、三塔系统或多塔系统。除氮-氧分离用的塔外，还可以包括其它的设备用于获取空气中的其它成份，特别是惰性气体(比如氩)。
被用作混合塔加压的富氧馏分中氧的浓度比空气中氧的浓度高，比如70到99.5mol％，最好为90-98mol％。混合塔被认为是一种逆流接触塔，其中较高挥发性的气态馏分逆向流过较低挥发性的液体。
如本发明所述的工艺特别适用于获取气态高压纯氧。在本文中，术语纯氧被理解为是一种混合物，其氧的含量为99.5mol％或稍低一些，特别是70-99.5mol％。产品压力为，例如2.2-4.9巴，最好为2.2-4.5巴。当然，如果需要的话，高压产品可以在气态下进一步压缩。原理上，本发明也可用于混合塔压力，该压力比高压塔压力要高，比如4.5-16巴，特别是5-12巴。
从专利文献EP531182A1、DE19951521A1和EP1139046A1中可了解到背景介绍中所述的这种类型的工艺。尽管在专利EP1139046A1中提到氪-氙回收装置可连接到这种类型混合塔系统的下游，但是至今在实践中并未实施过，因为在具有这种特征的系统中，迄今为止那些传统的方法无法经济地获取有效的氪和氙产出。
发明内容
本发明因此就基于这样一个目标，即给出一种背景中所述类型的工艺及其相应的设备，其可以特别经济地运行，特别是可以获得相当高的氪和/或氙的产出。
这一目标可通过下述事实实现，即含氪和氙的氧气流从氮-氧分离用分馏塔系统中被导入到氪-氙浓缩塔，富氪和氙的馏分在氪-氙浓缩塔中获得，并且这一混合塔的气态顶部产品被导入辅助塔中，在辅助塔上方得到除去氪和氙的顶部馏分。
这种氪-氙浓缩塔实现了氪和氙浓缩设备的标准功能，同时去除了甲烷。然而，单这一点还不足以满足在混合塔工艺中获取令人满意的氪和氙产品。这是因为空气中较低挥发性的成份中的相当大一部分与混合塔顶部产品一起通常在工艺中被去除了。
因此，本发明中除氪-氙浓缩塔外，还另有一个辅助塔留取仍存在于混合塔顶部产品中的氪和氙。这一有价值的产品因此就不再与高压氧产品一起失去，而是通过如示例所述方式，可被送回到混合塔或分馏塔系统，再从那里被导入到氪-氙浓缩塔。
术语“混合塔”和“辅助塔”在本文各例中被理解为功能性术语，代表相应的逆流质量转换区。它们可以，但不一定必须，被布置在单独的容器中。特别是，两个或多个这种类型的区在一个共同的容器中一个摞一个布置，如果这些区的压力水平都彼此接近的话。本发明中，通过示例，混合塔和辅助塔可被制成这种类型的组合塔。或者，可将一水平隔板安装在混合塔和辅助塔之间，或者将混合塔和辅助塔各自置于完全独立的容器内。
最好从辅助塔中获得的去除氪和氙的顶部馏分中的一部分是气态高压氧产品，而氪和氙不会大量地失去。
另外，如果从辅助塔中获得的去除氪和氙的顶部馏分中的(另)一部分在一个冷凝-蒸发器中进行冷凝就更好了。在冷凝-蒸发器中生成的冷凝物大部分是氪和氙，并被作为回流用于辅助塔和氪-氙浓缩塔。
这个冷凝-蒸发器可同时被用作氪-氙浓缩塔的底部蒸发器。辅助塔和氪-氙浓缩塔因此就各自构成一个双塔的高压和低压部分。
在如本发明所述工艺的一个优先配置中，被加入到混合塔的富氧馏分经过1至5层理论板，最好是2至4层理论板被去除，这些理论板位于氮-氧分离用分馏塔系统的塔或其中之一的塔的底板之上。这一馏分通常来自一双塔系统的低压塔之中的相应的中部区域。相反，用于氪-氙浓缩塔的含氪和氙的氧气流被从该塔的底部取出。
本发明还涉及一种空气低温分馏用的设备，包括氮-氧分离用分馏塔系统，并且具有一混合塔，并且
·具有第一加压空气管道，它被连接到氮-氧分离用分馏塔系统，
·具有第一液氧管道，它被连接到氮-氧分离用分馏塔系统并且通过增加液体压力用装置接入混合塔，
·具有一条热交换介质管道，特别是一条第二加压空气管道，它接入混合塔的下方区域，
·具有用于在混合塔上方区域获取气态顶部产品的装置，
·具有一条液体管道，它从混合塔的下方或中部区域出来并接入到氮-氧分离用分馏塔系统。
附图简介
下面将结合实施例对本发明及本发明的其他细节进行更为具体地描述，这些实施例在附图中被概略示出，其中：
图1示出了本发明的第一实施例，带有一个组合塔并具有较低的氧产品压力；
图2示出图1的一种变型，带有单独的氪-氙回收装置；
图3示出了另外一个实施例，具有较高的氧产品压力。
具体实施方式
在图1所示实施例中，经净化了的空气1以，例如4.5-7.1巴，最好大约5.8巴的压力输入。该空气的第一部分流经管道2到达主热交换器3，在那里被大约冷却到露点并最后作为“第一加压空气流”经过管道4流入到氮-氧分离用分馏塔系统中的高压塔5。高压塔5的作业压力为，比如4.3-6.9巴，最好为大约5.6巴。氮-氧分离用分馏塔系统也可有一低压塔6，其作业压力为，比如1.3-1.7巴，最好大约为1.5巴。这两座塔通过主冷凝器7连接在一起以交换热能。
氮-氧分离用分馏塔系统在实施例中被设计成一个传统的林德双塔装置。然而，本发明也可用于带有其他类型冷凝器和/或塔配置的精馏系统。
从高压塔5底部流出的富氧液体8在第一过冷逆流热交换器9中被冷却，经过节流10后被导入低压塔6的中部。从高压塔5顶部流出的气态氮11中的一部分12可在主热交换器3中加热，并得到加压氮产品13。剩余部分14在主冷凝器7中大体上被完全冷凝。所获得的液态氮15中的至少一部分16被作为回流加入到高压塔5中。如果需要的话，另一部分17可以作为液态产品取出。从高压塔5中流出的中间液18(不纯氮)，经过过冷9和节流19后，被作为回流用于低压塔6。从低压塔顶部流出的气态不纯氮20在热交换器9和3中被加热，并最终通过管道21取出。它也可作为再生气体用于空气1的净化设备(未示出)。
液态氧22被从低压塔6中取出作为“富氧馏分”，在泵23中被压缩到比如5.7-8.3巴，最好大约7.0巴，在第二过冷逆流热交换器24中加热，并最终被加入(25)到混合塔26的顶部。去除液态氧22的位置是，在此例中，位于低压塔6底部之上的大约4个理论板。
一条热交换介质流沿与液态富氧馏分25相反的方向流入混合塔，这条热交换介质流在实施例中是由第二加压空气流42、43构成的，该第二加压空气流42、43是以稍高于冷端的一个中间温度从第一加压空气流4中被分出并从主热交换器3中去除，然后在第二过冷逆流热交换器24中进一步冷却，最后被吹入到混合塔26的底部区域。从混合塔26出来的底部液体38-39与中间液体40-41均在第二过冷逆流热交换器24中进行过冷处理，并在与其成份相对应的位置上被节流入低压塔6中。
混合塔26的气态顶部产品流到辅助塔27的较低一端，在该实施例中辅助塔27与混合塔26是组合在一起的。组合塔有三个部分，顶部构成辅助塔27，两个较低的部分构成混合塔26。去除氪和氙的顶部馏分28的第一部分29在主热交换器3中加热并通过管道30作为气态加压氧产品获得。剩余部分31在冷凝-蒸发器32中被大体上完全冷凝。形成的冷凝物33于是就只含有非常少量的氪和氙，并且该冷凝物的第一部分34被作为回流加入到辅助塔27中，而该冷凝物的第二部分35被作为回流加入到氪-氙浓缩塔36中。如果需要的话，第三部分37可作为液态氧产品被取出。
氪-氙浓缩塔36的作业压力大约比辅助塔27的顶部压力低1巴，在本例中大约为5.6巴。结果是，冷凝-蒸发器32可同时被用作氪-氙浓缩塔的底部蒸发器。氪-氙浓缩塔36(低压部分)与辅助塔27和混合塔26的组合体(高压部分)这时就组成一双塔。含氪和氙的氧气流44就以液态形式被从低压塔6的底部取出，在泵45中被压缩成高压，经过加热24后，经管道46、47或48被导入到两个不同的位置，作为加压馏分用于氪-氙浓缩塔36。一些甲烷与顶部气体49-50一起离开氪-氙浓缩塔36，顶部气体49-50被回送到低压塔。相反，氪和氙在底部被净化，并从该位置上富氪和氙的馏分51以液态形式被取出。
在该工艺中，制冷过程是通过下述方式实现的，即对第三加压空气流52-55-56作业膨胀57至大体为低压塔的作业压力。在通过主热交换器3冷却的上游，涡轮空气可以在带有再冷却室54的再压缩室53中被进一步压缩，再冷却室54由膨胀涡轮57驱动。膨胀了的第三加压空气流58最终在59处被吹入到低压塔6中。
在如本发明所述工艺中，实际上加压空气1中所含有的所有氪和氙都经过氪-氙浓缩塔36的底部并因此成为浓缩物51被从该处取出。从第一加压空气流4中取出的较低挥发性的馏分与从高压塔5中取出的底部液体8一起被送入低压塔。在混合塔空气(第二加压空气流)42-43中含有的氪和氙通过辅助塔27防止其与高压氧产品28、29、30一起泄漏，并且与液体38-39和40-41一起被送入低压塔6。涡轮空气(第三加压空气流)58-59的较低挥发性的馏分也最终停留在低压塔的底部。如果送入混合塔26的液态氧22也含有氪和氙，这也被阻留在辅助塔27中并被送回到低压塔。
通过低压塔6中的底部液体44去除大体上全部的氪和氙，并在氪-氙浓缩塔36中被进一步浓缩，同时排掉甲烷，这样做的结果就是，如本发明所述，获得很高的氪和氙产量。
图2与图1仅有一点不同，即辅助塔27布置在一个容器中，该容器独立于混合塔26。氪-氙浓缩塔36和辅助塔27在这种情况下与冷凝-蒸发器32一起组成了一个双塔。
根据工艺工程，单独布置塔26和27等同于如图1所示的组合塔，因为混合塔26中的所有气态顶部产品260都被导入辅助塔27的底部，相反来自辅助塔27的所有底部液体261都流回到混合塔26的顶部。
图2所示变型被特别推荐用于现有混合塔装置中，该装置被改装以具有一个氪-氙回收装置。
尽管图1和图2所示工艺可适用于小于或等于高压塔内压力的氧产品压力，图3示出了一种工艺可得到更高的产品压力。(否则，图3与图1没有不同之处。)
在这种情况下，第二加压空气流342-343通过管道362被从主热交换器3的上游的全部空气1中分离出。由带有再冷却器364的再冷凝器363加压，于是混合塔26的作业压力就为，例如7.0-17巴，最好大约12.0巴。

Claims (9)

1.一种氮-氧分离用分馏塔系统(5，6)中的工艺，用于空气的低温分馏，在该工艺中，
·第一加压空气流(4)被导入氮-氧分离用分馏塔系统，
·来自氮-氧分离用分馏塔系统的富氧馏分(22)以液态形式被增压(23)并被加入(25)到混合塔(26)中，
·一热交换介质流，特别是第二加压空气流(43，343)，被导入到混合塔(26)的下方区域，并与富氧馏分(22，25)逆流接触，
·气态顶部产品(260)在混合塔(26)的上方区域获得，并且其中，
·来自混合塔的下方或中部区域的液体(38，39，40，41)被导入氮-氧分离用分馏塔系统，
其特征在于：
·来自氮-氧分离用分馏塔系统的含氪和氙的氧气流(44，46，47，48)被导入氪-氙浓缩塔(36)，
·富氪和氙的馏分(51)在氪-氙浓缩塔(36)中获得，并且
·混合塔(26)的气态顶部产品(260)被导入辅助塔(27)，在其上方区域获得除去氪和氙的顶部馏分(28)。
2.如权利要求1所述的工艺，其特征在于，来自辅助塔(27)的除去氪和氙的顶部馏分(28)中的第一部分(29，30)以气态高压氧产品的形式获得。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的工艺，其特征在于，来自辅助塔(27)的除去氪和氙的顶部馏分(28)中的第二部分(31)在冷凝-蒸发器(32)中被冷凝。
4.如权利要求3所述的工艺，其特征在于，在冷凝-蒸发器(32)中生成的冷凝物(33)的第一部分(34)被作为回流加入到辅助塔(27)中。
5.如权利要求3所述的工艺，其特征在于，在冷凝-蒸发器(32)中生成的冷凝物(33)中的第二部分(35)被作为回流加入到氪-氙浓缩塔中。
6.如权利要求3所述的工艺，其特征在于，在冷凝-蒸发器(32)中来自氪-氙浓缩塔(36)下方区域的液体被蒸发。
7.如权利要求1或2所述的工艺，其特征在于，富氧馏分(22)通过1至5层理论板被去除，这些理论板位于氮-氧分离用分馏塔系统的塔或其中之一塔的底部上方，特别是带有一高压塔(5)的双塔系统中的低压塔(6)。
8.如权利要求1或2所述的工艺，其特征在于，含氪和氙的氧气流(44)从氮-氧分离用分馏塔系统的塔或其中之一塔的底部被去除，特别是带有一高压塔(5)的双塔系统中的低压塔(6)。
9.一种空气低温分馏用设备，包括氮-氧分离用分馏塔系统(56)，并且具有一混合塔(26)，并且
·具有第一加压空气管道(4)，它被连接到氮-氧分离用分馏塔系统，
·具有第一液氧管道(22，25)，它被连接到氮-氧分离用分馏塔系统并且通过增加液体压力用装置(23)接入混合塔(26)，
·具有一条热交换介质管道，特别是一条第二加压空气管道(43，343)，它接入混合塔(26)的下方区域，
·具有用于在混合塔(26)上方区域获取气态顶部产品(260)的装置，
·具有一条液体管道(38，39，40，41)，它从混合塔的下方或中部区域出来并接入到氮-氧分离用分馏塔系统，
其特征在于，
·一个氪-氙浓缩塔(36)用于获取富氪和氙馏分(51)，
·一条第二液态氧管道(44，46，47，48)用于把含氪和氙的氧气流从氮-氧分离用分馏塔系统导入到氪-氙浓缩塔(36)，
·装置(260)用于把混合塔(26)中的气态顶部产品导入到辅助塔(27)，并且
·用于在氪-氙浓缩塔(36)的上方区域获取除去氪和氙的顶部馏分(28)的装置。
CNB031486320A 2002-06-24 2003-06-23 带有混合塔和氪-氙回收装置的空气分馏工艺及设备 Expired - Fee Related CN100380079C (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10228111A DE10228111A1 (de) 2002-06-24 2002-06-24 Luftzerlegungsverfahren und -anlage mit Mischsäule und Krypton-Xenon-Gewinnung
DE10228111.4 2002-06-24

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN1470836A CN1470836A (zh) 2004-01-28
CN100380079C true CN100380079C (zh) 2008-04-09

Family

ID=29716627

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CNB031486320A Expired - Fee Related CN100380079C (zh) 2002-06-24 2003-06-23 带有混合塔和氪-氙回收装置的空气分馏工艺及设备

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US6776004B2 (zh)
EP (1) EP1376037B1 (zh)
JP (1) JP2004028572A (zh)
KR (1) KR20040000340A (zh)
CN (1) CN100380079C (zh)
AT (1) ATE304688T1 (zh)
DE (2) DE10228111A1 (zh)
TW (1) TW200403420A (zh)

Families Citing this family (23)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6662593B1 (en) * 2002-12-12 2003-12-16 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Process and apparatus for the cryogenic separation of air
DE10334560A1 (de) * 2003-05-28 2004-12-16 Linde Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Gewinnung von Krypton und/oder Xenon durch Tieftemperaturzerlegung von Luft
FR2861841B1 (fr) * 2003-11-04 2006-06-30 Air Liquide Procede et appareil de separation d'air par distillation cryogenique
EP1666824A1 (de) * 2004-12-03 2006-06-07 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Gewinnung von Argon durch Tieftemperaturzerlegung von Luft
DE102009014556A1 (de) 2009-03-24 2010-09-30 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zur Beheizung einer Trennkolonne
EP2312248A1 (de) 2009-10-07 2011-04-20 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren und Vorrichtung Gewinnung von Drucksauerstoff und Krypton/Xenon
US8484992B2 (en) * 2009-12-02 2013-07-16 Praxair Technology, Inc. Krypton xenon recovery from pipeline oxygen
EP2553370B1 (de) 2010-03-26 2019-05-15 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Vorrichtung zur tieftemperaturzerlegung von luft
DE102010012920A1 (de) 2010-03-26 2011-09-29 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Vorrichtung zur Tieftemperaturzerlegung von Luft
US8978413B2 (en) 2010-06-09 2015-03-17 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Rare gases recovery process for triple column oxygen plant
DE102011114090A1 (de) * 2010-11-09 2012-05-10 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Tieftemperaturzerlegung von Luft
CN102167294B (zh) * 2011-02-15 2012-08-08 开封空分集团有限公司 氪氙塔加温装置及利用该装置对氪氙塔加温的工艺
DE102011015233A1 (de) 2011-03-25 2012-09-27 Linde Ag Vorrichtung zur Tieftemperaturzerlegung von Luft
DE102011015430A1 (de) 2011-03-29 2012-10-04 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung von Flachgas
DE102011015429A1 (de) 2011-03-29 2012-10-04 Linde Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Betreiben eines Rebox-Brenners
DE102012017484A1 (de) 2012-09-04 2014-03-06 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren und Anlage zur Erzeugung flüssiger und gasförmiger Sauerstoffprodukte durch Tieftemperaturzerlegung von Luft
DE102012017488A1 (de) 2012-09-04 2014-03-06 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zur Erstellung einer Luftzerlegungsanlage, Luftzerlegungsanlage und zugehöriges Betriebsverfahren
DE102012021694A1 (de) 2012-11-02 2014-05-08 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zur Tieftemperaturzerlegung von Luft in einer Luftzerlegungsanlage und Luftzerlegungsanlage
DE102013002094A1 (de) 2013-02-05 2014-08-07 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zur Produktion von Luftprodukten und Luftzerlegungsanlage
DE102015015684A1 (de) 2015-12-03 2016-07-21 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zur Tieftemperaturzerlegung von Luft und Luftzerlegungsanlage
EP3179186A1 (de) 2015-12-07 2017-06-14 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zur gewinnung eines flüssigen und eines gasförmigen, sauerstoffreichen luftprodukts in einer luftzerlegungsanlage und luftzerlegungsanlage
CN108302899A (zh) * 2018-03-29 2018-07-20 浙江新锐空分设备有限公司 一种利用液化空气提取贫氪氙产品的空分系统及方法
CN113465292B (zh) * 2021-07-05 2023-02-21 乔治洛德方法研究和开发液化空气有限公司 一种增加空气精馏装置氪/氙产量的方法

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3222879A (en) * 1962-02-27 1965-12-14 Stoklosinski Roman Recovery of krypton and xenon from air separation plants
US5067976A (en) * 1991-02-05 1991-11-26 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Cryogenic process for the production of an oxygen-free and methane-free, krypton/xenon product
US5122173A (en) * 1991-02-05 1992-06-16 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Cryogenic production of krypton and xenon from air
DE10015605A1 (de) * 2000-03-29 2000-12-07 Linde Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Gewinnung von Xenon durch Tieftemperatur-Zerlegung einer Xenon-haltigen Sauerstoff-Fraktion
CN1123754C (zh) * 1998-12-01 2003-10-08 林德股份公司 通过低温分离空气制备压缩氧气和氪/氙的方法和装置

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5207066A (en) * 1991-10-22 1993-05-04 Bova Vitaly I Method of air separation
DE19852020A1 (de) * 1998-08-06 2000-02-10 Linde Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Tieftemperaturzerlegung von Luft
DE10113791A1 (de) * 2001-03-21 2002-10-17 Linde Ag Argongewinnung mit einem Drei-Säulen-System zur Luftzerlegung und einer Rohargonsäule

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3222879A (en) * 1962-02-27 1965-12-14 Stoklosinski Roman Recovery of krypton and xenon from air separation plants
US5067976A (en) * 1991-02-05 1991-11-26 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Cryogenic process for the production of an oxygen-free and methane-free, krypton/xenon product
US5122173A (en) * 1991-02-05 1992-06-16 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Cryogenic production of krypton and xenon from air
CN1123754C (zh) * 1998-12-01 2003-10-08 林德股份公司 通过低温分离空气制备压缩氧气和氪/氙的方法和装置
DE10015605A1 (de) * 2000-03-29 2000-12-07 Linde Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Gewinnung von Xenon durch Tieftemperatur-Zerlegung einer Xenon-haltigen Sauerstoff-Fraktion

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20040007016A1 (en) 2004-01-15
DE10228111A1 (de) 2004-01-15
TW200403420A (en) 2004-03-01
CN1470836A (zh) 2004-01-28
EP1376037B1 (de) 2005-09-14
DE50204262D1 (de) 2005-10-20
JP2004028572A (ja) 2004-01-29
ATE304688T1 (de) 2005-09-15
KR20040000340A (ko) 2004-01-03
EP1376037A1 (de) 2004-01-02
US6776004B2 (en) 2004-08-17

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN100380079C (zh) 带有混合塔和氪-氙回收装置的空气分馏工艺及设备
AU682848B2 (en) Air separation
US5245832A (en) Triple column cryogenic rectification system
KR100192874B1 (ko) 공기 분리
JPH08210769A (ja) 低純度酸素生成のための側コラム付き極低温精留システム
US6564581B2 (en) Three-column system for the low-temperature fractionation of air
EP0672878B1 (en) Air separation
US5546766A (en) Air separation
US5080703A (en) Air separation
AU684952B2 (en) Air separation
JPH07198249A (ja) 空気を分離するための方法および装置
JPH06210162A (ja) 熱的に統合されたアルゴンカラムを有する極低温精留系
JPH02230079A (ja) 空気の分離による酸素製造法
CA2092454C (en) High recovery cryogenic rectification system
US4308043A (en) Production of oxygen by air separation
US20100221168A1 (en) Cryogenic system for neon production
US5144808A (en) Cryogenic air separation process and apparatus
KR19980063400A (ko) 저순도 및 고순도 산소를 제조하기 위한 방법 및 장치
AU679022B2 (en) Air separation
RU2069293C1 (ru) Криогенный способ получения азота из воздуха
US20060272353A1 (en) Process and apparatus for the separation of air by cryogenic distillation
US6694776B1 (en) Cryogenic air separation system for producing oxygen
US6351969B1 (en) Cryogenic nitrogen production system using a single brazement
US6170291B1 (en) Separation of air
AU719240B2 (en) Air separation

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
C06 Publication
PB01 Publication
C10 Entry into substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
C14 Grant of patent or utility model
GR01 Patent grant
C17 Cessation of patent right
CF01 Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee

Granted publication date: 20080409