CN100379578C - 喷墨印刷的刚性夹层及其制造方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种装饰玻璃叠片,及叠片的制备方法,其中所述叠片包含带印刷图像的刚性夹层,所述印刷图像是经喷墨印刷到夹层的至少一个表面上的。如按照ASTMD5026-95a所测,夹层在0.3Hz和25℃下具有50-1,000MPa(兆帕)的Storage杨氏模数,并且具有少于或等于约0.38mm的有限厚度。
Description
本申请要求2002年7月31日递交的美国临时申请No.60/400,232的权益。
技术领域
本发明涉及喷墨印刷的刚性夹层及其制造方法。
背景技术
叠片安全玻璃由经能量吸收塑性夹层连接的两薄层玻璃组成,该塑性夹层是聚乙烯醇缩丁醛(PVB)。叠片安全玻璃用于汽车挡风玻璃和建筑物玻璃。建筑师在许多需要的应用中频繁地使用玻璃,例如栏杆、隔墙、地板、门以及吊顶玻璃。用塑化的PVB作为夹层的叠片安全玻璃通常不能满足这些应用对强度和玻璃后破碎的要求。乙烯/甲基丙烯酸共聚物的离聚物(以DuPont的商标Surlyn出售)形成刚性的,比传统PVB夹层更为坚硬和强韧的夹层材料。已经证明采用更坚硬更强韧夹层的叠片安全玻璃具备这些期望的建筑应用所需的强度和玻璃后破碎的要求。
此外,已经发现离聚的乙烯/甲基丙烯酸共聚物夹层表现出比传统PVB夹层大大提高的边缘稳定性。这种提高的边缘稳定性使叠片玻璃(离聚的乙烯/甲基丙烯酸共聚物夹层)能用于诸如淋浴门和外开边缘应用之类的不能使用传统叠片玻璃(带PVB夹层)的应用中。在许多上述的这些应用中(栏杆、隔墙、地板、门、吊顶玻璃以及淋浴门),可能希望叠片安全玻璃中具有装饰图像。
WO02/18154A1、DE29706880、US4968553、US5914178、EP1129844A1以及DE20100717中已经披露了制造叠片装饰玻璃的方法。这些装饰叠片用PVB、PVB/PET/PVB复合物或EVA(乙烯/乙酸乙烯酯共聚物)作为夹层。尽管所得的装饰性安全玻璃叠片可能满足建筑安全标准,但是在例如以上指出的那些期望应用中这些叠片表现并不出色。
此外,这些参考文献中许多也披露了通过丝网印刷法制造装饰叠片玻璃的方法(DE29706880、US4968553、US5914178、EP1129844A1以及DE20100717)。对于制造装饰性叠片安全玻璃,将图像丝网印刷到夹层上是非常费时和昂贵的方法。喷墨方法则非常灵活;任何数字图像都可以印刷到基底上。采用喷墨印刷技术在叠片安全玻璃的柔性中间层(PVB和聚氨基甲酸酯)上印刷已经披露在WO0218154中。在PVB上直接印刷的几个缺点中包括所有PVB夹层都有粗糙的表面型式(Rz为30-60μm)的事实,提供这种糙面型式是为了使空气能够在如US5455103所述的层压处理期间逃逸。糙面型式会影响图像的与斑点和清晰度相关的品质。而且,聚乙烯醇缩丁醛是一种黏弹性聚合物,会引起带图夹层中低劣的体积稳定性。
相对于其它传统夹层,得自乙烯/甲基丙烯酸共聚物的离聚物的夹层是刚性的,并且例如具有相对于PVB更高的体积稳定性。然而,申请人已经发现在刚性材料上印刷的一个问题是刚性聚合物不能用传统的印刷方法处理。申请人已经发现用传统喷墨印刷机在普通离聚物夹层上喷墨印刷的方法是有问题的,因为乙烯/甲基丙烯酸共聚物的离聚物不够柔韧,不能送进并穿过喷墨印刷机。
发明内容
在一个方面,本发明是一种将图像喷墨印刷到刚性热塑性夹层上的方法,包括步骤:将刚性夹层片送进并使之穿过喷墨印刷机以及在片上喷墨印刷图像,其中如按照ASTM D 5026-95a所测,夹层在0.3Hz和25℃下具有50-1,000MPa(兆帕)的Storage杨氏模数,并且刚性夹层片具有少于或等于约0.38mm的有限厚度。
在另一方面,本发明是热塑性夹层片,在该夹层片的至少一个表面上带有图像,将图像印刷到片上的方法包括步骤:将刚性夹层片送进并使之穿过喷墨印刷机以及在片上喷墨印刷图像,其中如按照ASTM D 5026-95a所测,夹层在0.3Hz和25℃下具有50-1,000MPa(兆帕)的Storage杨氏模数,并且刚性夹层片具有少于或等于约0.38mm的有限厚度。
在又一个方面,本发明是一种装饰玻璃叠片,包含至少两片在其间放置有刚性带图夹层片的玻璃,其中带图夹层由包含下列步骤的方法得到:(1)“喷墨”印刷着色油墨到夹层片的至少一个表面上,该夹层片是刚性的乙烯/甲基丙烯酸共聚物的离聚物,厚度小于或等于约0.38mm,如按照ASTM D 5026-95a所测,夹层在0.3Hz和25℃下具有50-1,000MPa(兆帕)的Storage杨氏模数,以得到带图夹层片;和(2)在透明材料片之间层压带图夹层片,以得到装饰叠片。
具体实施方式
在一个实施方式中,本发明是一种在刚性夹层上印刷装饰图像的方法。适用于本发明实践中的刚性夹层优选如按照ASTM D 5026-95a所测,在0.3Hz和25℃下具有50-1,000MPa(兆帕)的Storage杨氏模数。传统夹层材料例如传统塑化的PVB通常不具有此范围内的模数。其它传统夹层材料也适于作为喷墨印刷的基底,但使用刚性夹层材料有优势。
刚性、坚硬的夹层,例如那些基于离聚的乙烯/甲基丙烯酸共聚物的夹层,促进了使用更为光滑的表面型式以在层压期间获得可接受的排气,因为刚性夹层的表面型式并不迅速损毁。例如,传统塑化的(柔性的)层压PVB的期望Rz范围为30-60μm,而刚性夹层的Rz容许范围为5至15μm。离聚物夹层的光滑表面型式使得所印刷的图像具有比直接在PVB上印刷的图像更高的清晰度和更少的斑点。
相对于其它传统柔性夹层材料例如柔性PVB,刚性夹层的较高模数能够形成具有与较柔材料相比提高的体积稳定性的夹层。该提高的体积稳定性能改善带图产品的图像稳定性,并使整个过程相对于图像的伸长或收缩更为可靠和可重复。
在刚性夹层上印刷以获得带图的产品可以通过使用水性或溶剂基油墨并采用喷墨印刷技术、以及在两薄片玻璃或其它透明材料之间层压带图刚性夹层来实现。以此方法所获得的叠片具有适宜于安全玻璃应用的粘着性。
在一个优选实施方式中,采用喷墨印刷机将图像印刷到夹层上,该喷墨印刷机装配有压电按需滴出印刷头,例如Spectra或Xaar,选择喷墨印刷机以使刚性夹层保持在床型载体上。
夹层可以是任何能与玻璃粘结的无瑕透明刚性热塑性材料。例如,夹层可以是增塑剂少于30份的PVB片,或离聚物夹层。优选夹层是乙烯/(甲基)丙烯酸共聚物的离聚物,该片的表面粗糙度(Rz)在5与15μm之间,并且夹层的总厚度在0.38与2.29mm之间。
此处所用术语“乙烯/(甲基)丙烯酸”是一种缩写术语,表示包含乙烯和丙烯酸单元或包含乙烯和甲基丙烯酸单元的共聚物。通常认为离聚物是部份中和的乙烯/(甲基)丙烯酸共聚物。根据本发明的实践,适于印刷的夹层例如可以得自乙烯/丙烯酸共聚物离聚物,如那些可从E.I DuPont de Nemours and Company商业获得的离聚物。
在另一个实施方式中,本发明是一种复合带图夹层,该夹层可由包含下列步骤的方法得到:将基底薄膜送进并使之穿过传统喷墨印刷机以及将图像喷墨印刷到基膜的表面上,该基膜如按照ASTM D 5026-95a所测,在0.3Hz和25℃下具有50-1,000MPa(兆帕)的Storage杨氏模数,并且有限厚度少于或等于约0.38mm,然后将该带图薄膜与第二片热塑性夹层材料层压。优选该复合的印刷夹层具有约0.40至约2.29mm的厚度。其它片的厚度可以变动,但是应当至少为0.025mm厚。其它片可以是空白的、或带印刷图像的或带颜色的;可以是透明的、半透明的、不透明的;或者可以是可与印刷基底视觉可区分的。在一个优选的实施方式中,可将该薄层印刷基底与较厚(>0.76mm)的膜或片例如乙烯/甲基丙烯酸共聚物的离聚物层压以在最终叠片中获得期望的结构特性。层压带图夹层片与较厚聚合物片以形成这样的产品,其带有印在夹层上的图像并具有较厚夹层的特性。
其它片可以是任何能与经印刷的离聚物膜粘结的热塑性夹层材料。例如,较厚膜可以是乙烯共聚物和/或三聚物,例如乙烯/丙烯酸或乙烯/丙烯酸烷基酯的共聚物和乙烯/丙烯酸/丙烯酸烷基酯的三聚物;聚缩醛树脂;聚乙烯醇缩丁醛;聚氨基甲酸酯;聚氯乙烯;或聚酯。
优选印刷基底薄膜具有在约0.025mm至约0.45mm范围内的厚度。更优选印刷基底的厚度为约0.1mm至约0.40mm。最优选印刷基底的厚度为约0.25mm至约0.38mm。优选较厚膜片具有与薄膜厚度相衬的厚度以使夹层片的总厚度在约0.38mm至约2.29mm的范围内。更优选总厚度在约0.60mm至约1.75mm的范围内。最优选夹层的总厚度为约1.14mm至约1.52mm。
本发明的叠片可用在任何使用普通(即,无装饰)叠片玻璃的应用中。然而,除了用作安全玻璃的传统用途外,本发明的叠片还可以用作装饰用品,例如观景窗、装饰柜台、图像制品、带图的店铺橱窗、带公司徽章的展柜、广告介质和/或任何需要透明带图叠片的其它用途。
用在本发明实践中的优选油墨是那些能提供适宜的图像品质、耐光性和耐候性组合的印刷图像的油墨。此外,结合有本发明的带图夹层的叠片在各种使用它们的应用中应当具有可接受的粘着特性。由于此处用于印刷的聚合物夹层基底的性质,以及对于在安全玻璃中的粘着性的要求,对适宜油墨的选择并非是任意的。适用于本发明实践的油墨必须也与基底相容以产生令人满意的结果。
用于压电过程的印刷头例如可从Epson、Seiko-Epson、Spectra、XAAR和XAAR-Hitachi获得。用于热喷墨印刷的印刷头例如可从Hewlett-Packard和Canon获得。适宜于连续滴印的印刷头例如可从Iris和Video Jet获得。
适用于本发明实践中的油墨系统中任选地包含粘合剂树脂。优选粘合剂树脂能够改善油墨与片状基底之间的粘着性。用于本发明实践的适宜粘合剂可以包括例如聚乙烯吡咯烷酮/醋酸乙烯酯(PVP/VA)、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)和PUR。粘合剂树脂的化合物也可用于本发明实践。其它粘合剂是公知的,也可用于此发明中。
实施例
提供以下实施例以解释说明本发明。实施例并不想以任何方式限制发明的范围。
实验方法
表面粗糙度,Rz,如ISO-R468所述从10点平均粗糙度测定,并以微米表示。表面粗糙度用Mahr Federal(Providence,RI)表面分析器测量。
尺度稳定性实验:尺度稳定性实验包括将已知尺寸的图像印刷到所测试的基底上。比较离开印刷机的印刷图像的尺寸与数字输入的尺寸。
实施例-将100mm×100mm大小的图像印刷到0.38mm厚的乙烯/甲基丙烯酸离聚共聚物夹层上。在环境条件下印刷之后立即测定图像,精确地为100mm×100mm。在将图像在60℃干燥30分钟后,图像尺寸为100mm×100mm。确定乙烯/甲基丙烯酸离聚共聚物的收缩为0%。
对比例-将300mm×300mm大小的图像印刷到0.76mmPVB上。在环境条件下印刷之后立即测定图像,尺寸为302mm×298mm。在将图像在60℃干燥30分钟后,测定图像尺寸为304mm×294mm。确定0.76mmPVB的收缩为2%。
层压步骤:
在以下实施例中用喷墨印刷机将图像印刷到所处理夹层的每个表面上。在层压带图夹层之前,用75℃烘箱干燥最少16小时,将夹层干燥至含少于0.2%的H2O。为了层压,将一层15mil的空白(不带图)夹层置于带图表面上。将多层结构体除气(通过真空袋或轧辊方法)并采用标准层压条件进行压热处理。
实施例1.
用Epson 3000印刷机将固体黄色印版印刷到0.38mm厚的乙烯/甲基丙烯酸共聚物的离聚物夹层的表面上。所用油墨描述在下表中。如上所述对经印刷的夹层进行层压。
分散剂 | 丙烯酸类聚合物颜料Yellow120双丙甘醇单甲基醚 |
粘合剂 | Khrumbhaar 1717 |
溶剂 | 双丙甘醇甲基醚醋酸酯 |
双丙甘醇丙基醚 |
实施例2.
如实施例1中所述印刷和层压一立体黄色印版。所用油墨描述在下表中:
分散剂 | 丙烯酸类聚合物颜料Yellow120双丙甘醇单甲基醚 |
粘合剂 | Khrumbhaar 3107 |
溶剂 | 双丙甘醇甲基醚醋酸酯 |
双丙甘醇丙基醚 |
实施例3.
如实施例1中所述印刷和层压固体黄色印版。所用油墨描述在下表中:
分散剂 | 丙烯酸类聚合物颜料Yellow120双丙甘醇单甲基醚 |
粘合剂 | Khrumbhaar 1728 |
溶剂 | 双丙甘醇甲基醚醋酸酯 |
双丙甘醇丙基醚 |
实施例4.
如实施例1中所述印刷和层压固体黄色印版。所用油墨描述在下表中:
分散剂 | 丙烯酸类聚合物颜料Yellow120双丙甘醇单甲基醚 |
粘合剂 | Laropal 80 |
溶剂 | 双丙甘醇甲基醚醋酸酯 |
双丙甘醇丙基醚 |
实施例5.
如实施例1中所述印刷和层压固体黄色印版。所用油墨描述在下表中:
分散剂 | 丙烯酸类聚合物颜料Yellow120双丙甘醇单甲基醚 |
粘合剂 | Laropal 81 |
溶剂 | 双丙甘醇甲基醚醋酸酯 |
双丙甘醇丙醚 |
实施例6.
如实施例1中所述印刷和层压固体黄色印版。所用油墨描述在下表中:
分散剂 | 丙烯酸醚聚合物颜料Yellow120双丙甘醇单甲基醚 |
粘合剂 | Laropal A101 |
溶剂 | 双丙甘醇甲基醚醋酸酯 |
双丙甘醇丙基醚 |
Claims (26)
1.将图像喷墨印刷到刚性热塑性夹层片上的方法,包括步骤:
(a)将刚性夹层片送进并使之穿过喷墨印刷机,以及
(b)在刚性夹层片上喷墨印刷图像,
其中
(i)如按照ASTM D 5026-95a所测,所述刚性夹层片在0.3Hz和25℃下具有50-1,000 MPa的杨氏模数,
(ii)所述刚性夹层片选自(A)乙烯/(甲基)丙烯酸共聚物离聚物片,或是(B)聚乙烯醇缩丁醛片,该聚乙烯醇缩丁醛片基于刚性夹层片的重量,每100份含少于30份的增塑剂,
并且(iii)刚性夹层片具有约0.025mm至约0.45mm的厚度。
2.权利要求1的方法,其中刚性夹层片是聚乙烯醇缩丁醛片。
3.权利要求2的方法,其中刚性夹层片是乙烯/(甲基)丙烯酸共聚物离聚物片。
4.权利要求3的方法,进一步包括将带图刚性夹层片与不带图的第二夹层片层压的步骤,以形成复合带图夹层,其中带图的复合夹层的总厚度在约0.40mm至约2.29mm的范围内。
5.权利要求4的方法,其中刚性夹层片的带图表面是与第二夹层片的表面接触的表面。
6.权利要求5的方法,其中第二夹层片是乙烯/(甲基)丙烯酸共聚物离聚物片。
7.权利要求6的方法,其中第二夹层片具有约0.76mm至约1.13mm的厚度。
8.权利要求1的方法,其中用按需滴出喷墨印刷方法印刷图像。
9.权利要求8的方法,其中按需滴出方法是压电方法。
10.权利要求8的方法,其中按需滴出方法是热喷墨印刷法。
11.权利要求1的方法,其中所述刚性热塑性夹层片的表面粗糙度为约5μm至约15μm,和所述印刷图像之后在60℃干燥30分钟后,图像尺寸的变化不超过图像初始尺寸的±1%。
12.权利要求1的方法,其中使用着色油墨进行图像喷墨印刷。
13.权利要求1的方法,其为形成玻璃叠片的方法,该方法包括:
(a)用喷墨印刷机喷墨印刷着色油墨到刚性的乙烯/(甲基)丙烯酸共聚物的离聚物夹层片上以得到带图夹层片,该夹层片具有(i)约0.025mm至约0.45mm的厚度,(ii)如按照ASTM D 5026-95a所测的,在0.3Hz和25℃下具有50-1,000 MPa的杨氏模数;和
(b)将带图夹层片层压到两个玻璃薄片上。
14.权利要求13的方法,其中所述乙烯/(甲基)丙烯酸共聚物的离聚物夹层片的表面粗糙度为5μm至15μm。
15.权利要求1的方法,其为形成玻璃叠片的方法,该方法包括:
(a)用喷墨印刷机喷墨印刷着色油墨到刚性的聚乙烯醇缩丁醛夹层片上以得到带图夹层片,该夹层片具有(i)约0.025mm至约0.45mm的厚度,(ii)如按照ASTM D 5026-95a所测的,在0.3Hz和25℃下具有50-1,000 MPa的杨氏模数,该聚乙烯醇缩丁醛夹层片基于聚乙烯醇缩丁醛夹层片的重量,每100份含少于30份的增塑剂;和
(b)将带图夹层片层压到两个玻璃薄片上。
16.权利要求1的方法,其为形成玻璃叠片的方法,该方法包括:
(a)用喷墨印刷机喷墨印刷着色油墨到刚性的乙烯/(甲基)丙烯酸共聚物的离聚物夹层片上以得到带图夹层片,该夹层片具有(i)约0.025mm至约0.45mm的厚度,(ii)如按照ASTM D 5026-95a所测的,在0.3Hz和25℃下具有50-1,000 MPa的杨氏模数;
(b)提供至少一个附加的乙烯/(甲基)丙烯酸共聚物的离聚物夹层片;和
(c)将带图夹层片和所述至少一个附加的乙烯/(甲基)丙烯酸共聚物的离聚物夹层片层压到两个玻璃薄片之间。
17.一种获得装饰叠片的方法,包括步骤:
(1)喷墨印刷着色油墨到刚性的乙烯/甲基丙烯酸共聚物的离聚物夹层片的至少一个表面上,该夹层片的厚度为约0.025mm至约0.45mm,其按照ASTM D 5026-95a所测,在0.3Hz和25℃下具有50-1,000 MPa的杨氏模数,以得到带图夹层片;和
(2)在透明材料片之间层压带图夹层片,以得到装饰叠片。
18.权利要求17的方法,其中刚性夹层片包含粗糙化的表面,其层压前的粗糙度Rz为约5μm至约15μm。
19.权利要求18的方法,其中将刚性带图夹层片与一层或多层其它夹层片层压以形成总厚度为约0.40mm至约2.29mm的复合夹层。
20.权利要求19的方法,其中其它夹层片包含热塑性聚合物,该聚合物选自:聚乙烯醇缩丁醛、聚氨酯、乙烯/(甲基)丙烯酸共聚物离聚物和乙烯/(甲基)丙烯酸/丙烯酸烷基酯三聚物。
21.权利要求20的方法,其中用连续滴出喷墨印刷法印刷图像。
22.权利要求17的方法,其中所述透明材料片为玻璃薄片。
23.由权利要求17的方法得到的装饰叠片。
24.权利要求23的叠片,其中将带图夹层片与至少一层其它夹层片的至少一层附加片层压以形成复合带图夹层,其中至少一层附加夹层片具有足够的厚度以使复合夹层的总厚度落在约0.40mm至约2.29mm的范围内,其中所述透明材料片为玻璃薄片。
25.一种由权利要求1的方法制备的刚性热塑性夹层片,在该夹层片的至少一个表面上带有图像。
26.权利要求25的刚性热塑性夹层片,其中刚性夹层片的表面粗糙度为约5μm至约15μm。
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- 2003-07-31 EP EP03772174A patent/EP1525099B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-07-31 JP JP2004524278A patent/JP2005534527A/ja active Pending
- 2003-07-31 AU AU2003257995A patent/AU2003257995B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2003-07-31 US US10/519,655 patent/US7232213B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-07-31 DE DE60312338T patent/DE60312338T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-07-31 CA CA002494057A patent/CA2494057A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-07-31 CN CNB038183854A patent/CN100379578C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-07-31 WO PCT/US2003/024116 patent/WO2004011271A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2003-07-31 MX MXPA05001118A patent/MXPA05001118A/es not_active Application Discontinuation
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US7232213B2 (en) | 2007-06-19 |
AU2003257995A1 (en) | 2004-02-16 |
US20050285920A1 (en) | 2005-12-29 |
DE60312338D1 (de) | 2007-04-19 |
CA2494057A1 (en) | 2004-02-05 |
CN1671560A (zh) | 2005-09-21 |
MXPA05001118A (es) | 2005-04-28 |
AU2003257995B2 (en) | 2008-05-22 |
DE60312338T2 (de) | 2007-11-29 |
JP2005534527A (ja) | 2005-11-17 |
EP1525099B1 (en) | 2007-03-07 |
WO2004011271A1 (en) | 2004-02-05 |
EP1525099A1 (en) | 2005-04-27 |
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