CN100363384C - Grass planted ganoderma polysaccharide peptide and its extraction method - Google Patents
Grass planted ganoderma polysaccharide peptide and its extraction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN100363384C CN100363384C CNB011380799A CN01138079A CN100363384C CN 100363384 C CN100363384 C CN 100363384C CN B011380799 A CNB011380799 A CN B011380799A CN 01138079 A CN01138079 A CN 01138079A CN 100363384 C CN100363384 C CN 100363384C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a polysaccharide and a preparation method thereof, which particularly relates to a herbaceous ganoderma polysaccharide peptide. Raw materials for extraction are herbaceous ganoderma. The extraction method comprises the specific steps: firstly, fungal herbs are used for planting ganoderma to generate fruiting bodies, and the fruiting bodies are washed, dried and crushed; secondly, after ethanol is used for reflux, the fruiting bodies are extracted with water; thirdly, water extraction liquid is concentrated; fourthly, concentrated liquid is precipitated by ethanol, and a first peptidoglycan precipitate is obtained; fifthly, the first peptidoglycan precipitate is washed for three times respectively by ethanol with the concentration of 95%, propanone and ethyl ether; sixthly, the first peptidoglycan precipitate is centrifugated, and supernatant fluid is removed; seventhly, the precipitate is dried at a low temperature, and crude peptidoglycan is obtained. The ganoderma polysaccharide peptide extracted by herbaceous ganoderma has low cost and high extraction yield. Meanwhile, the damage to ecological balance due to the deforestation of a large quantity of trees can be avoided. Moreover, the purity of the ganoderma polysaccharide extracted by the method is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of polyose and preparation, particularly a kind of glycopeptide of Ganoderma lucidum and extraction method.
Background technology
Prior art generally believes that the pharmacologically active of grass planted ganoderma and chemical ingredients are not so good as log glossy ganoderma, the polysaccharide active components content that particularly has pharmaceutical use is low, no actual extracting is worth, therefore prior art only adopts log glossy ganoderma to extract ganoderan, use grass planted ganoderma and repel, China's annual cultivation log glossy ganoderma will consume the timber of ten thousand stere more than 11, and obviously the influence to ecotope is very big, and the cultivating ganoderma cost is also higher.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome weak point of the prior art, and provide a kind of cost low, the glycopeptide of Ganoderma lucidum and extraction method that extraction yield is high.
Purpose of the present invention can realize through following approach.
Grass planted ganoderma polysaccharide peptide, its main points are that the raw material that is used to extract is a grass planted ganoderma, and this grass planted ganoderma polysaccharide peptide weight-average molecular weight (M
W) be 450,000～540,000, it can be obtained by following extracting method: utilize bacterium grass cultivating ganoderma to produce sporophore, wash down, dry, broken, with hot water extraction behind the alcohol reflux, aqueous extract is concentrated, with the ethanol sedimentation concentrated solution polysaccharide peptide throw out of winning, use 95% ethanol, acetone and ether respectively wash the first polysaccharide peptide throw out 3 times, centrifugal, remove supernatant liquor, the throw out cryodrying gets the Crude polysaccharides peptide, and Crude polysaccharides is dissolved in distilled water, be positioned in the dialysis tubing, the adverse current dialysis got dialyzate in 48 hours, got the second polysaccharide peptide throw out with the ethanol sedimentation dialyzate, used 95% ethanol, acetone and ether respectively wash the second polysaccharide peptide throw out 3 times, centrifugal, remove supernatant liquor, the throw out cryodrying gets polysaccharide peptide.
The present invention adopts grass planted ganoderma to extract Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides peptide, be to improve more than 2 times than the extraction yield that log glossy ganoderma extracts Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides peptide because adopt grass planted ganoderma to extract Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides peptide, and remaining composition, as protein, polypeptide, amino acid whose content is almost consistent, this obviously can improve the pharmaceutical use of glossy ganoderma, under the condition of identical extraction process, cost greatly descends, so can have higher economic results in society, this is that one of prior art is improved greatly, one quantum jump of existing thinking set is the invention that overcomes technology prejudice.
The cultivation culture that grass planted ganoderma adopted is to adopt wild or tame Gramineae or herbaceous plant; log glossy ganoderma then need consume a large amount of timber; this advocates the protection environment with China and even All Around The World, and the original meaning of keeping ecological balance is antipathetic.
Have effects such as oxyradical, lipoid peroxidization resistant and the enhancing body immunologic function of removing in the Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides peptide that adopts grass planted ganoderma to extract simultaneously.
Show that after deliberation what play pharmacologically active in the Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides peptide mainly is macromolecular polysaccharide, so can reach a conclusion, the pharmacologically active of grass planted ganoderma can be than log glossy ganoderma difference, even can be stronger.
Polysaccharide in the grass planted ganoderma polysaccharide peptide consists of rhamnosyl, wood sugar, fructose, semi-lactosi, glucose, and above-mentioned each sugared mol ratio is 0.549: 3.614: 3.167: 0.556: 6.89.
Do not contain small molecular sugar (monose) seminose in the grass planted ganoderma polysaccharide peptide, and in the log glossy ganoderma polysaccharide peptide sugar component except containing above-mentioned five kinds of carbohydrates, more than contained seminose.
Can adopt following extracting method to extract grass planted ganoderma polysaccharide peptide, have following steps,
1. utilize bacterium grass cultivating ganoderma to produce sporophore, wash down, dry, broken,
2. with hot water extraction behind the alcohol reflux,
3. aqueous extract is concentrated,
4. with the ethanol sedimentation concentrated solution polysaccharide peptide throw out of winning,
5. use 95% ethanol, acetone and ether respectively wash the first polysaccharide peptide throw out 3 times,
6. centrifugal, remove supernatant liquor,
7. the throw out cryodrying gets the Crude polysaccharides peptide,
8. Crude polysaccharides is dissolved in distilled water,
9. be positioned in the dialysis tubing,
10. the adverse current dialysis got dialyzate in 48 hours,
11. get the second polysaccharide peptide throw out with the ethanol sedimentation dialyzate,
12. use 95% ethanol, acetone and ether respectively wash the second polysaccharide peptide throw out 3 times,
13. centrifugal, remove supernatant liquor,
14. the throw out cryodrying gets polysaccharide peptide.
The present invention changes some traditional processing step, has increased this road technology of dialysis to remove low-molecular-weight polysaccharide and impurity.Pharmacologically active that it is generally acknowledged ganoderan comes from contained macromolecular polysaccharide, so just must satisfying, the technology that is adopted when extracting keeps macromolecular polysaccharide here as far as possible, the micromolecular polysaccharide and the impurity that do not have pharmacologically active have been removed, dialysis then just can be satisfied this requirement, improves the extraction yield of macromolecular polysaccharide.
The Crude polysaccharides peptide is extracted purifying can obtain the high polysaccharide peptide of purity, therefore, can reduce consumption when taking.
The present invention is also that further broken step is specially: grass planted ganoderma is broken into the pipe tobacco shape.
Obviously the broken thing that becomes the pipe tobacco shape becomes thinner, the easier extraction of bulk after than log glossy ganoderma fragmentation, and extraction yield naturally just can height.
The present invention with alcohol reflux after the concrete steps of hot water extraction be,
1. with 95% alcohol reflux 3 hours,
2. recovery ethanol,
3. Ganoderma powder minces and uses hot water extraction 3 times.
Purpose with alcohol reflux is to remove fat and the micromolecular polysaccharide and the impurity of part earlier.Alcoholic acid volume (milliliter) minces the ratio of quality (gram) for (10～13) with Ganoderma powder: 1.
And the concrete grammar of hot water extraction extracts 3 times for the water heating of mincing to Ganoderma powder with 15 times, and the time of extracting 3 times was respectively 2.5 hours, 2 hours, 1 hour, and the aqueous extract after will filtering then merges standby.
With the spissated concrete steps of aqueous extract be,
1. under 90 ℃ temperature, be concentrated into 1/10th of original volume,
2. centrifugation again,
3. with supernatant concentration.
Centrifugal speed is 3000r/min, and the time is 15min; Supernatant concentration contains glossy ganoderma crude drug amount 1 gram and is standard to being equivalent to every milligram.
Concrete steps with ethanol sedimentation first polysaccharide peptide and second polysaccharide peptide are,
1. add 95% precipitation of triplication in concentrated solution,
2. stir, leave standstill the throw out of winning about 5 ℃,
3. with centrifugal again second throw out that gets of first throw out.
What the separation and purification of ganoderan was adopted is ethanol precipitation, and twice purifying that the present invention takes all is ethanol precipitation.Centrifugal speed is 3000r/min, and the time is 15min.For the first time must adopt above-mentioned steps twice repeatedly during purifying, the polysaccharide peptide of winning for twice of just purifying is the Crude polysaccharides peptide.And for the second time purifying only adopts and once gets final product to such an extent that second polysaccharide peptide is a polysaccharide peptide, and present method is being utilized on the basis of prior art, has adopted the method for twice purification, thereby has improved the purity of ganoderan greatly.
The present invention is also that further the temperature of cryodrying is 5 ℃.
Adopting cryodrying is the reduction significantly of the pharmacologically active that causes for fear of the caused effective component of glossy ganoderma structural damage of high temperature drying.
Glossy ganoderma both can be the bright product of glossy ganoderma, also but the glossy ganoderma dry product.
The present invention has following advantage compared to prior art: adopt grass planted ganoderma to replace log glossy ganoderma to extract Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides peptide, cost is low, the extraction yield height has been avoided falling trees in a large number and the ecological balance damage that causes simultaneously, and the ganoderan purity of extracting through present method is also very high.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is explained in detail.
Most preferred embodiment:
1. select grass planted ganoderma, cleaning, dry, broken,
With after the glossy ganoderma dry product sporophore cleaning, oven dry is broken into pipe tobacco shape material about 20 orders with the coarse particles pulverizer.
2. with hot water extraction behind the alcohol reflux,
Take by weighing the already pulverised glossy ganoderma of 300 grams,
1) refluxed 3 hours for 3000～4000 milliliters with 95% ethanol,
2) reclaim ethanol, dry glossy ganoderma alcohol and filament,
3) glossy ganoderma alcohol and crushed material are with the hot water refluxing extraction of its 15 times of amounts 3 times, and the time was respectively 2.5 hours, 2 hours, 1 hour, and merged the aqueous extract after filtering.
3. aqueous extract is concentrated,
1) under 90 ℃ temperature, be concentrated into 1/10th of original volume,
2) be 3000r/min with speed again, the time is that the whizzer of 1 5min carries out centrifugation,
3) supernatant concentration is contained glossy ganoderma crude drug amount 1 gram and is standard to being equivalent to every milliliter.
4. use ethanol sedimentation Crude polysaccharides peptide,
1) use triplication in 95% ethanol sedimentation of concentrated solution,
2) stir, constant temperature leaves standstill the throw out of winning for 5 ℃,
3) with centrifugal again second throw out that gets of first throw out,
4) second throw out is dissolved in an amount of distilled water,
5) with 95% ethanol sedimentation of this solution with 2～3 times of amounts,
6) stir, leave standstill about 5 ℃ and got the 3rd throw out in 24 hours,
7) with the centrifugal again polysaccharide peptide precipitation of winning of the 3rd throw out.
5. use 95% ethanol, acetone and ether respectively to wash 3 times first polysaccharide peptide precipitation,
6. be 3000r/min with speed, the time is that the whizzer of 15min carries out centrifugation, removes supernatant liquor,
7. 5 ℃ of dryings of throw out low temperature polysaccharide peptide of winning,
First polysaccharide peptide is water-soluble 8., dialysis,
1) first polysaccharide peptide is dissolved in distilled water,
2) be positioned in the dialysis tubing,
3) the adverse current dialysis got dialyzate in 48 hours.
9. dialyzate is concentrated down at 90 ℃,
10. use the ethanol sedimentation polysaccharide peptide,
1) use triplication in 95% ethanol sedimentation of concentrated solution,
2) stir, constant temperature leaves standstill the throw out of winning for 5 ℃,
3) first throw out is centrifugal again that second polysaccharide peptide precipitates.
11. use 95% ethanol, acetone and ether respectively to wash 3 times second polysaccharide peptide precipitation,
12. with speed is 3000r/min, the time is that the whizzer of 15min carries out centrifugation, removes supernatant liquor,
13. throw out low temperature is drying to obtain Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides peptide for 5 ℃.
Log glossy ganoderma is adopted the method for preparing ganoderan equally.
The result that will adopt grass planted ganoderma and log glossy ganoderma to extract first polysaccharide peptide below contrasts as following table:
Table 1:
The last grass planted ganoderma that shows extracts the yield average out to 6.48% of first polysaccharide peptide; The yield of log glossy ganoderma first polysaccharide peptide is 2.34%, and grass planted ganoderma is higher 2.8 times than log glossy ganoderma.
The result who adopts grass planted ganoderma and log glossy ganoderma to extract second polysaccharide peptide (being polysaccharide peptide) contrasts as following table:
Table 2:
Last table shows that the polysaccharide peptide that extracts with grass planted ganoderma accounts for 36% of Crude polysaccharides, and the polysaccharide peptide that extracts with log glossy ganoderma accounts for 35.33% of Crude polysaccharides, and both yield are suitable, thereby illustrate that the low molecular weight sugar peptide content is a basically identical in both polysaccharide peptides.
The result who adopts grass planted ganoderma and log glossy ganoderma to extract the polysaccharide peptide amino acid analysis contrasts as following table:
Table 3:
This table shows, identical in the grass planted ganoderma polysaccharide peptide in amino acid contained composition and the log glossy ganoderma polysaccharide peptide, and also basically identical of total amino acid content.
Claims (7)
1. grass planted ganoderma polysaccharide peptide is characterized in that, the raw material that is used to extract is a grass planted ganoderma, and this grass planted ganoderma polysaccharide peptide weight-average molecular weight (M
W) be 450,000～540,000, it can be obtained by following extracting method: utilize bacterium grass cultivating ganoderma to produce sporophore, wash down, dry, broken, with hot water extraction behind the alcohol reflux, aqueous extract is concentrated, with the ethanol sedimentation concentrated solution polysaccharide peptide throw out of winning, use 95% ethanol, acetone and ether respectively wash the first polysaccharide peptide throw out 3 times, centrifugal, remove supernatant liquor, the throw out cryodrying gets the Crude polysaccharides peptide, and Crude polysaccharides is dissolved in distilled water, be positioned in the dialysis tubing, the adverse current dialysis got dialyzate in 48 hours, got the second polysaccharide peptide throw out with the ethanol sedimentation dialyzate, used 95% ethanol, acetone and ether respectively wash the second polysaccharide peptide throw out 3 times, centrifugal, remove supernatant liquor, the throw out cryodrying gets polysaccharide peptide.
2. grass planted ganoderma polysaccharide peptide according to claim 1 is characterized in that polysaccharide consists of rhamnosyl, wood sugar, fructose, semi-lactosi, glucose, and above-mentioned each sugared mol ratio is 0.549: 3.614: 3.167: 0.556: 6.89.
3. the extracting method of grass planted ganoderma polysaccharide peptide is characterized in that, has following steps,
1) utilize bacterium grass cultivating ganoderma to produce sporophore, wash down, dry, broken,
2) with hot water extraction behind the alcohol reflux,
3) aqueous extract is concentrated,
4) with the ethanol sedimentation concentrated solution polysaccharide peptide throw out of winning,
5) use 95% ethanol, acetone and ether respectively wash the first polysaccharide peptide throw out 3 times,
6) centrifugal, remove supernatant liquor,
7) the throw out cryodrying gets the Crude polysaccharides peptide,
8) Crude polysaccharides is dissolved in distilled water,
9) be positioned in the dialysis tubing,
10) the adverse current dialysis got dialyzate in 48 hours,
11) get the second polysaccharide peptide throw out with the ethanol sedimentation dialyzate,
12) use 95% ethanol, acetone and ether respectively wash the second polysaccharide peptide throw out 3 times,
13) centrifugal, remove supernatant liquor,
14) the throw out cryodrying gets polysaccharide peptide.
4. the extracting method of grass planted ganoderma polysaccharide peptide according to claim 3 is characterized in that, broken step is specially: grass planted ganoderma is broken into the pipe tobacco shape.
5. the extracting method of grass planted ganoderma polysaccharide peptide according to claim 3 is characterized in that, with the concrete steps of hot water extraction behind the alcohol reflux be,
1) with 95% alcohol reflux 3 hours,
2) reclaim ethanol,
3) Ganoderma powder minces and uses hot water extraction 3 times.
6. grass according to claim 3 carries the extracting method of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides peptide, it is characterized in that, with win polysaccharide peptide throw out and sedimentary concrete steps of second polysaccharide peptide of ethanol sedimentation concentrated solution be,
1) use triplication in 95% ethanol sedimentation of concentrated solution,
2) stir, leave standstill the throw out of winning about 5 ℃,
3) with centrifugal again second throw out that gets of first throw out.
7. the extracting method of grass planted ganoderma polysaccharide peptide according to claim 3 is characterized in that, the temperature of cryodrying is 5 ℃.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNB011380799A CN100363384C (en) | 2001-12-29 | 2001-12-29 | Grass planted ganoderma polysaccharide peptide and its extraction method |
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| CNB011380799A CN100363384C (en) | 2001-12-29 | 2001-12-29 | Grass planted ganoderma polysaccharide peptide and its extraction method |
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| CN100363384C true CN100363384C (en) | 2008-01-23 |
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Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1295247C (en) * | 2004-04-14 | 2007-01-17 | 福州绿谷生物药业技术研究所 | Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide protein and its preparing method and use |
| CN100348619C (en) * | 2004-06-28 | 2007-11-14 | 费晓方 | Ganoderrma tsugae-proteoglycan and its preparing method and use |
| CN101233225B (en) * | 2005-07-28 | 2012-03-14 | 株式会社日健总本社 | Strain of turkey tail mushroom, extract from the same, and use of the same |
| CN102584963B (en) * | 2012-01-19 | 2013-12-18 | 福建农大菌草技术开发公司 | Active Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide peptide reference substance, and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN102757513A (en) * | 2012-07-25 | 2012-10-31 | 陕西理工学院 | Preparation technology of polygonatum polysaccharide peptide |
| CN104522461A (en) * | 2014-12-04 | 2015-04-22 | 黄艳红 | Glossy ganoderma peptide rhizoma polygonati polysaccharide and preparation technology thereof |
| CN116694721B (en) * | 2023-08-09 | 2023-10-20 | 长春中医药大学 | Ganoderma lucidum glycopeptide and preparation method and application thereof, and ganoderma lucidum glycopeptide microemulsion and face cream |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1071801A (en) * | 1992-09-15 | 1993-05-12 | 刘进军 | The preparation method of culture medium for cultivating " Pinggu " mushroom with raw compost |
| CN1317566A (en) * | 2001-04-28 | 2001-10-17 | 福建农林大学菌草研究所 | Process for cultivating ganoderma with fungous grass |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1071801A (en) * | 1992-09-15 | 1993-05-12 | 刘进军 | The preparation method of culture medium for cultivating " Pinggu " mushroom with raw compost |
| CN1317566A (en) * | 2001-04-28 | 2001-10-17 | 福建农林大学菌草研究所 | Process for cultivating ganoderma with fungous grass |
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Assignee: Fuzhou Dongxing Biological Technology Co., Ltd. Assignor: Fuzhou Ibioo Pharmaceutical Technology Research Institute|Lin Shuqian|Wang Saizhen|Lv Songtao|Lin Zhibin Contract fulfillment period: 2009.8.16 to 2014.8.16 contract change Contract record no.: 2009350000206 Denomination of invention: Grass planted ganoderma polysaccharide peptide and its extraction method Granted publication date: 20080123 License type: Exclusive license Record date: 2009.9.22 |
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Free format text: EXCLUSIVE LICENSE; TIME LIMIT OF IMPLEMENTING CONTACT: 2009.8.16 TO 2014.8.16; CHANGE OF CONTRACT Name of requester: FUZHOU DONGXING BIOISYSTECH CO., LTD. Effective date: 20090922 |
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